Lightning protection antenna protective cover and lightning protection antenna assembly formed by same

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of antennas, and discloses a lightning-proof antenna protective cover and a lightning-proof antenna assembly comprising the same, the lightning-proof antenna protective cover comprises a wave-transparent shell, a wave-transparent lightning-proof cover body and a lightning release base, the bottom of the wave-transparent lightning-proof cover body is connected to the top of the lightning release base, and an antenna cover cavity is arranged in the wave-transparent lightning-proof cover body; the wave-transparent shell covers the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body, and a lightning diversion circular ring surrounding edge body located outside the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body is installed between the bottom of the wave-transparent shell and the lightning release base. The wave-transparent lightning protection cover body is made of wave-transparent insulating materials, and the lightning diversion circular ring surrounding edge body and the outer portion of the lightning release base are both made of conductive materials. According to the utility model, the metal body oscillator of the antenna is prevented from being damaged by direct lightning, and the lightning protection of the metal body oscillator of the antenna is directly and effectively realized; the working performance of the antenna is ensured, and the antenna has reliable direct lightning stroke protection capability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of antenna, especially a lightning protection antenna cover and lightning protection antenna assembly formed by the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] An antenna is a device for radiating and receiving radio waves, which plays a vital role in communication, navigation and safety. Taking an aircraft low-frequency antenna as an example, the aircraft low-frequency antenna is installed on an aircraft and used for receiving and sending radio wave signals. When the antenna receives radio waves, it converts them into electrical signals. Similarly, when the antenna needs to send signals, it converts electrical signals into radio waves and radiates them. Since the installation position of the antenna on the platform such as an aircraft determines that some antennas are inevitably in the lightning 1A area, these antennas include a satellite communication antenna, a radar antenna at the nose of the aircraft, and a link communication antenna at the top of the tail, etc. Therefore, the direct effect of lightning protection of the antenna becomes the focus and difficulty of lightning protection of the antenna, which focuses on preventing lightning from attaching to the antenna and causing catastrophic damage to the antenna after penetrating the antenna cover. The existing lightning protection method for the antenna is to set a piecewise flow guide strip on the antenna cover. Since the flow guide strip is designed intermittently, as long as the distance between the flow guide strips is greater than the wavelength of the working frequency that needs to be transparent, the antenna cover with the piecewise flow guide strip will not affect the transparency of the working frequency of the antenna. However, the distance between the flow guide strips cannot be too large, otherwise the continuous flow requirement after lightning attachment cannot be met, and lightning will stay on the antenna cover, causing the antenna cover to be penetrated. The method of increasing the flow guide strip on the surface of the existing antenna cover can only be applied to high-frequency antennas (radiation area) or directional antennas (non-radiation area). For low-frequency antennas with the entire antenna cover as a radiation area, the method of increasing the flow guide strip on the surface of the antenna cover will cause the antenna standing wave ratio and antenna directivity pattern to deteriorate due to the metal body in the antenna radiation area, which will reduce the antenna radiation performance and affect the key technical indicators of the device such as the device range. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses a lightning protection antenna cover and lightning protection antenna assembly formed by the same, which solve the technical problems in the background art. The wave-transparent lightning protection cover body plays an important role in lightning protection, guiding the lightning impacting the metal body vibrator of the antenna downward and transitioning to the lightning release base through the lightning flow ring around the edge body. The lightning protection effect on the metal body vibrator of the antenna is realized through the lightning release base and the aircraft body.

[0004] The utility model discloses a lightning protection antenna cover and lightning protection antenna assembly formed by the same, which solve the technical problems in the background art. The wave-transparent lightning protection cover body plays an important role in lightning protection, guiding the lightning impacting the metal body vibrator of the antenna downward and transitioning to the lightning release base through the lightning flow ring around the edge body. The lightning protection effect on the metal body vibrator of the antenna is realized through the lightning release base and the aircraft body.

[0005] The utility model relates to a lightning-proof antenna protection cover, including wave -transmitting shell, wave -transmitting lightning -proof cover, lightning release base and lightning current conducting circular ring edge body, wave -transmitting lightning -proof cover bottom is connected on lightning release base top.

[0006] In order to better realize the utility model, the wave -transmitting lightning -proof cover is polyimide film.

[0007] As preferred, the wave -transmitting shell is antenna wave -transmitting shell, and the wave -transmitting shell has a shell cover cavity.

[0008] As preferred, the lightning current conducting circular ring edge body is annular closed shape, and the lightning current conducting circular ring edge body is matched and sleeved on the bottom of the wave -transmitting lightning -proof cover.

[0009] A lightning -proof antenna assembly formed by the lightning -proof antenna protection cover, including lightning -proof antenna protection cover, the antenna cover cavity of wave -transmitting lightning -proof cover is matched with antenna metal body oscillator, and the shape of lightning -proof antenna protection cover is set according to the appearance of antenna metal body oscillator.

[0010] As preferred, the lightning -proof lightning -proof cover withstand voltage is greater than the air breakdown voltage when the height of antenna metal body oscillator is equivalent to the height of lightning.

[0011] As preferred, the lightning current conducting circular ring edge body covers the non-radiation area corresponding to the antenna metal body oscillator, and the bottom of the lightning current conducting circular ring edge body is electrically connected with the external conductive part of the lightning release base.

[0012] As preferred, the lightning -proof lightning -proof cover withstand voltage is determined by the dielectric constant and thickness of the material selected by the wave -transmitting lightning -proof cover.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) the wave -transmitting lightning -proof cover of the utility model bears important lightning -proof effect, and its high-strength insulation does not affect the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0015] (2) the lightning current conducting circular ring edge body of the utility model is located at the bottom of the wave -transmitting lightning -proof cover, so that the lightning current flows towards the lightning release base with low potential and slides, and an effective lightning current guide is realized.

[0016] (3) The utility model forms a good lightning current release channel of a wave-transmitting lightning protection cover body + a lightning diversion ring surrounding body + a lightning release base, which avoids direct lightning damage to the antenna metal body vibrator and plays a direct and effective role in the lightning protection of the antenna metal body vibrator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the lightning protection antenna shield and the lightning protection antenna assembly formed by the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium-transmitting wave lightning protection cover;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium-transparent shell;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the surrounding body of the middle lightning diversion ring;

[0021] The names corresponding to the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are:

[0022] 1-antenna metal body vibrator, 2-wave-transmitting lightning protection cover, 21-radome cavity, 3-wave-transmitting shell, 31-shell cover cavity, 4-lightning release base, 5-lightning diversion ring surrounding body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments:

[0024] Example

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a lightning protection antenna shield includes a wave-transmitting shell 3, a wave-transmitting lightning protection cover body 2, a lightning release base 4 and a lightning diversion ring surrounding body 5. In this embodiment, the wave-transmitting shell 3 is a commonly used antenna wave-transmitting shell, and the wave-transmitting shell 3 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or other materials; Figure 3 As shown, the wave-transmitting housing 3 has a housing cavity 31 , and the wave-transmitting lightning protection cover 2 is fitted and placed in the housing cavity 31 of the wave-transmitting housing 3 .

[0026] The bottom of the wave-transmitting lightning protection cover 2 is connected to the top of the lightning release base 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown, the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 has a radome cavity 21 inside. The wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is preferably a polyimide film (the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is composed of an inner lining layer structure of the polyimide film), and the dielectric constant of the polyimide film is usually about 3.1, and of course, the lower the dielectric constant of the selected polyimide film, the better. The lightning withstand voltage of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is determined by the dielectric constant and thickness of the material selected by the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2, and the higher the dielectric constant, the higher the thickness required. The design requirements of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 are: the lightning withstand voltage of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is greater than the air breakdown voltage when the height of the antenna metal body vibrator in the radome cavity 21 is equivalent to the lightning height.

[0027] The wave-transparent shell 3 covers the outside of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2, and the lightning current conducting circular ring edge body 5 located outside the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is installed between the bottom of the wave-transparent shell 3 and the lightning discharge base 4; the bottom of the lightning current conducting circular ring edge body 5 is electrically connected to the 360-degree conductive part of the lightning discharge base 4 (the outer wall of the lightning discharge base 4 is at least a certain thickness of the conductive part), and the bottom of the lightning current conducting circular ring edge body 5 is electrically connected to the outside of the lightning discharge base 4 in a 360-degree range. The wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is made of wave-transparent insulating material, and the lightning current conducting circular ring edge body 5 and the lightning discharge base 4 are made of conductive material.

[0028] The lightning current conducting circular ring edge body 5 is in the shape of a closed ring (see Figure 4 , the lightning current conducting circular ring edge body 5 has a ring cavity 51, and the bottom of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is matched and placed in the ring cavity 51), and the lightning current conducting circular ring edge body 5 is matched and sleeved on the bottom of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 , a lightning protection antenna assembly composed of a lightning protection antenna cover, the radome cavity 21 of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is matched and installed with an antenna metal body vibrator 1, the antenna metal body vibrator 1 is a mature technology, and is the focus of lightning protection of the present application, and is a metal component on the antenna for radiating and receiving electromagnetic waves, and the present application is designed around the antenna metal body vibrator 1.

[0030] The design requirement of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is that the lightning resistance withstand voltage of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is greater than the air breakdown voltage when the height of the antenna metal body oscillator 1 is equivalent to the lightning strike height (the voltage, energy, current and other parameters of lightning are set according to actual requirements). The wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is preferably made of a polyimide film, and the dielectric constant of the polyimide film is generally about 3.1, and of course, the lower the dielectric constant of the selected polyimide film is, the better; the lightning resistance withstand voltage of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is determined by the dielectric constant and thickness of the material selected for the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2, and the design requirement of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is achieved.

[0031] Preferably, the lightning current conducting circular ring surrounding edge body 5 covers the non-radiation area of the corresponding antenna metal body oscillator 1, and the bottom part of the antenna metal body oscillator 1 with a certain height is the non-radiation area, and the height of the lightning current conducting circular ring surrounding edge body 5 should not exceed the height of the non-radiation area of the bottom of the antenna metal body oscillator 1. The bottom of the lightning current conducting circular ring surrounding edge body 5 is electrically connected to the 360-degree conductive part of the lightning release base 4 in a circular manner.

[0032] In use, the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is matched with the cover of the antenna metal body oscillator 1, the lightning current conducting circular ring surrounding edge body 5 is sleeved on the bottom of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2, the wave-transparent shell 3 is sleeved on the outside of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2, and the lightning release base 4 is installed on the airplane.

[0033] The wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 made of a polyimide film is used as a lightning insulation protection main body. If there is no protection of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2, when lightning flashes the external antenna in the lightning 1A area, the lightning 1A area refers to an area with relatively frequent lightning activities and high lightning protection requirements, that is, LPZOA (1A area), and all objects in the area can be directly struck by lightning; lightning will first attach to the antenna metal body oscillator 1, causing damage to the antenna. After the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is loaded, when lightning flashes, due to the charge attraction of the lightning potential field, lightning still seeks the antenna metal body oscillator 1 located at the highest position, but faces the insulation barrier of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2, and the lightning arc can only slide down along the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 to the lightning release base 4 to find a release path for lightning current, so the lightning current conducting circular ring surrounding edge body 5 is arranged at the joint of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 and the lightning release base 4, so that the lightning arc sliding along the wave-transparent lightning protection cover body 2 is transferred to the lightning release base 4 through the lightning current conducting circular ring surrounding edge body 5. Since the lightning release base 4 is installed and attached to the metalized skin of the airplane, the lightning current of the sliding arc is finally released through the airplane body (generally discharged to the air at a low potential of the fuselage), thereby protecting the external antenna in the lightning 1A area.

[0034] The traditional lightning protection method of increasing the conducting strip has influence on the low frequency antenna indexes, including the standing wave ratio and the antenna directivity non-circularity. The metal conducting strip pasted on the surface of the antenna cover reflects the electromagnetic radiation of the low frequency antenna, which results in increasing the standing wave ratio of the low frequency antenna. The general antenna standing wave ratio index is required to be less than 2.5. According to the design experience, the antenna standing wave ratio will be reduced to be greater than 3 by using the metal conducting strip, and the antenna radiation efficiency will be reduced to be less than 75%, which influences the radiation power or the receiving sensitivity of the antenna, and directly results in reducing the action distance of the wireless equipment. The metal conducting strip pasted on the surface of the antenna cover reflects the electromagnetic radiation of the low frequency antenna, and at the same time, reduces the radiation gain of the antenna in the direction, which causes the non-circularity of the antenna directivity to change, and influences the working performance of the wireless equipment. The utility model solves the lightning direct effect protection problem of the low frequency antenna in the current lightning 1A area, and guarantees the integrity of the airplane flight safety in the lightning environment, especially the compliance of the airworthiness requirement.

[0035] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the utility model and is not used to limit the utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A lightning-protected antenna shield, characterized by: The lightning protection antenna protection cover comprises a wave-transparent shell (3), a wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2), a lightning release base (4) and a lightning conduction circular ring surrounding edge body (5), the bottom of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2) is connected to the top of the lightning release base (4), and the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2) has an antenna metal body vibrator (1) inside; the wave-transparent shell (3) covers the outside of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2), the bottom of the wave-transparent shell (3) is not in contact with the top of the lightning release base (4) and is provided with a lightning conduction installation space, the lightning conduction circular ring surrounding edge body (5) located outside the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2) is installed in the installation space; the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2) is made of a wave-transparent insulating material, and the lightning conduction circular ring surrounding edge body (5) and the lightning release base (4) are both made of a conductive material.

2. A lightning-protected antenna protective cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2) is made of a polyimide film.

3. A lightning-protective antenna protective cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave-transparent shell (3) is an antenna wave-transparent shell, and the wave-transparent shell (3) has a shell cover cavity (31), and the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2) is matched and arranged in the shell cover cavity (31) of the wave-transparent shell (3).

4. A lightning-protective antenna protective cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightning conduction circular ring surrounding edge body (5) is in a ring-shaped closed shape, and the lightning conduction circular ring surrounding edge body (5) is matched and sleeved on the bottom of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2).

5. A lightning protected antenna assembly comprised of a lightning protected antenna shield, characterized by: The lightning protection antenna protection cover comprises the lightning protection antenna protection cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the antenna metal body vibrator (1) is matched and installed in the antenna cover cavity (21) of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2), and the shape of the lightning protection antenna protection cover is arranged according to the shape of the antenna metal body vibrator (1).

6. A lightning protection antenna assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lightning protection antenna protection cover comprises the lightning protection antenna protection cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the antenna metal body vibrator (1) is matched and installed in the antenna cover cavity (21) of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2), and the shape of the lightning protection antenna protection cover is arranged according to the shape of the antenna metal body vibrator (1).

7. A lightning protection antenna assembly according to claim 5, wherein: The lightning protection antenna protection cover comprises the lightning protection antenna protection cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the antenna metal body vibrator (1) is matched and installed in the antenna cover cavity (21) of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2), and the shape of the lightning protection antenna protection cover is arranged according to the shape of the antenna metal body vibrator (1).

8. A lightning protection antenna assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lightning protection antenna protection cover comprises the lightning protection antenna protection cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the antenna metal body vibrator (1) is matched and installed in the antenna cover cavity (21) of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2), and the shape of the lightning protection antenna protection cover is arranged according to the shape of the antenna metal body vibrator (1). The lightning protection antenna protection cover comprises the lightning protection antenna protection cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the antenna metal body vibrator (1) is matched and installed in the antenna cover cavity (21) of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2), and the shape of the lightning protection antenna protection cover is arranged according to the shape of the antenna metal body vibrator (1). The lightning protection antenna protection cover comprises the lightning protection antenna protection cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the antenna metal body vibrator (1) is matched and installed in the antenna cover cavity (21) of the wave-transparent lightning protection cover (2), and the shape of the lightning protection antenna protection cover is arranged according to the shape of the antenna metal body vibrator (1).

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