Refined ladle nozzle cap and ladle structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a refining steel ladle nozzle cap and a steel ladle structure, and relates to the technical field of steelmaking equipment production, a steel ladle is provided with a steel ladle bottom structure and a steel ladle wall structure, the steel ladle bottom structure comprises a nozzle seating brick and an air brick, and castable is poured around the nozzle seating brick and the air brick to form a castable layer. The castable layers comprise a ladle bottom permanent castable layer and a ladle bottom working castable layer from bottom to top; a refining steel ladle nozzle cap is sleeved on the nozzle brick cup, the bottom of the refining steel ladle nozzle cap is tightly attached to the ladle bottom permanent castable layer on the periphery of the nozzle brick cup, and castable is poured on the outer side face of a boss at the bottom of the refining steel ladle nozzle cap and the top of the boss to form a ladle bottom working castable layer. Compared with the prior art, the steel ladle bottom structure has the advantages that molten steel residues are effectively reduced, and slag entrapment in the molten steel pouring process can be prevented at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of steelmaking equipment production technology, and in particular to a refining ladle nozzle cap and ladle structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing variety of high-grade special steels, especially the surge in demand for clean steel, aluminum-killed steel, and silicon steel, the quality requirements for molten steel are becoming increasingly stringent, significantly increasing the demands on the performance of the working lining refractory materials and the masonry structure of the refining ladle. During continuous casting, the molten steel in the refining ladle flows through the bottom nozzle seat bricks—upper nozzle—slide plate—lower nozzle before entering the continuous casting machine. After pouring, excessive residual steel and slag often remain at the bottom of the ladle, typically reaching 1 to 10 tons, affecting the overall steel yield. On the one hand, the tapping of steel from the converter scours the impact zone of the bottom working layer of the ladle, creating pits on the upper surface of the bottom working layer. During the pouring process, the molten steel in these pits is difficult to flow out. On the other hand, towards the end of the pouring process, when the molten steel level drops to a certain height, the combined effects of the Coriolis force caused by the Earth's rotation, the circulation induced by uneven flow field, and the potential energy of the fluid itself during outflow cause vortices to form in the molten steel, resulting in slag entrainment. Considering the requirements for molten steel quality, the taphole is closed under the control of the slag detection system, thus leaving residual molten steel in the ladle. These are the two main factors affecting the amount of residual molten steel in the ladle. In recent years, with steel mills considering cost and energy conservation, the demand for increasing steel yield and reducing steel waste without affecting steel quality has become increasingly higher. Currently, steel ladles in steel plants generally use flat bottoms. Since the amount of molten steel residue, slag carryover, and the masonry structure of the working layer on the bottom of the ladle are related, some enterprises have improved the ladle bottom structure. For example, Chinese patent CN202220872149.9 discloses a ladle bottom structure that effectively reduces the amount of molten steel residue in the ladle. In the central impact zone of the ladle bottom, a cast-in-place precast slab with good corrosion resistance is used instead of the on-site integral casting construction method. This effectively enhances the corrosion and scouring resistance of the central part of the bottom and minimizes the occurrence of pits, thereby reducing the amount of molten steel residue in the ladle. However, at the interface between the cast-in-place precast block and the bottom castable, repeated hot and cold cycles during long-term service can easily form through cracks, causing cracking and abnormal spalling of the precast block in the impact zone. At the same time, the presence of through cracks can easily cause pits in the working layer, affecting the ladle casting residue and posing a safety risk. For example, the ladle bottom structure involved in Chinese patent CN202120265685.8 has an impact brick top surface higher than the nozzle brick top surface, and a guide channel is provided in the castable refractory layer between the impact brick and the nozzle brick. By pre-setting the slag-preventing zone and the guide channel, the structure of the upper surface of the ladle bottom working lining is optimized to improve the flow field of the molten steel at the bottom of the ladle and reduce the molten steel residue. However, no blocking measures are taken for the slag residue to flow into the nozzle. Utility Model Content

[0003] One of the purposes of this invention is to provide a refined steel ladle nozzle cap that can solve the problem of molten steel residue at the bottom of existing steel ladles.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: This refining steel ladle nozzle cap includes a cap body, which is a hollow structure with open top and bottom. The cap body is rectangular, cubic, cylindrical, or frustum in shape. The side walls of the cap body are symmetrically inclined with backflow holes, and the bottom side of the cap body is provided with an outwardly extending protrusion.

[0005] In the above-mentioned technical solution for the sprue cap of the refined steel ladle, a more specific technical solution may be: the radius of the guide hole of the cap body is 30 mm to 70 mm.

[0006] In some possible implementations, the guide holes are arranged symmetrically on the side wall of the cap body, and there are 2 to 8 guide holes.

[0007] In some possible implementations, the cap body is a prefabricated refractory material component.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the refractory material used for the cap body is corundum spinel, alumina-magnesium, or corundum.

[0009] Another objective of this utility model is to provide a refining ladle structure. This ladle structure is constructed by embedding a refining ladle nozzle cap into the ladle. The ladle has a bottom structure and a wall structure. The bottom structure includes nozzle seat bricks and permeable bricks. A castable refractory layer is poured around the nozzle seat bricks and permeable bricks to form a castable refractory layer. From bottom to top, the castable refractory layer consists of a permanent bottom castable refractory layer and a working bottom castable refractory layer. The refining ladle nozzle cap is fitted onto the nozzle seat bricks, with its bottom tightly attached to the wall. On the permanent castable layer of the ladle bottom around the sprue seat brick, the working castable layer of the ladle bottom is formed by casting castable on the outer side and top of the boss at the bottom of the ladle nozzle cap. The working castable layer of the ladle bottom is recessed into the sprue seat brick in a sloping shape. The height of the lower edge of the outer side of the guide hole of the ladle nozzle cap from the upper surface of the working castable layer of the ladle bottom is 0-30mm. A ladle bottom impact zone castable layer is cast in the middle of the ladle bottom structure. The upper surface of the ladle bottom impact zone castable layer is higher than the upper surface of the working castable layer of the ladle bottom.

[0010] A more specific technical solution to the above technical solution may be as follows: the ladle wall, from the outside to the inside, includes a steel shell, a permanent castable layer, a slag line brick for the working layer, and a precast block for the working layer. The permanent castable layer at the bottom and the permanent castable layer at the bottom are both formed by casting high-alumina refractory castable. The precast block for the working layer is formed by building up carbon-free corundum spinel precast blocks. The slag line brick for the working layer is formed by building up magnesia-carbon bricks. The working castable layer at the bottom and the castable layer for the impact zone at the bottom are formed by casting corundum spinel castable.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the upper surface of the bottom working castable layer is an inclined surface, and the height difference between its highest point and the bottom working castable layer at the sprue brick is 30-80mm; the height difference between the bottom impact zone castable layer and the bottom working castable layer at the sprue brick is 30-80mm.

[0012] In some possible implementations, a grout is used to fill the gap between the sprue seat brick and the permanent castable layer at the bottom.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0014] 1. A refined steel ladle nozzle cap is installed around the nozzle seat brick. Molten steel flows out from the backflow hole of the nozzle cap, preventing steel slag from entering the nozzle, reducing molten steel residue, improving molten steel yield, and ensuring the safe operation of the ladle.

[0015] 2. A refining ladle nozzle cap is fitted around the nozzle seat brick at the bottom of the ladle, and the working refractory layer at the bottom of the ladle slopes inward toward the nozzle seat brick, forming a low-lying area at the nozzle seat brick. The middle of the ladle bottom structure is filled with a bottom impact zone refractory layer, the upper surface of which is higher than the upper surface of the working refractory layer at the bottom, forming a high-convex area. This structure effectively reduces molten steel residue and prevents slag entrapment during the molten steel pouring process. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sprue cap for a refined steel ladle.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the refined steel ladle.

[0018] Figure 3 Yes Figure 2 AA rotated sectional view.

[0019] Explanation of markings in the diagram:

[0020] 1. Refined steel ladle nozzle cap, 1-1. Cap body, 1-2. Backflow hole, 1-3. Boss, 2. Nozzle seat brick, 3. Joint filler refractory, 4. Ladle bottom permanent refractory layer, 5. Ladle bottom working refractory layer, 6. Ladle bottom impact zone refractory layer, 7. Air-permeable brick, 8. Ladle wall working layer precast block, 9. Ladle wall working layer slag line brick, 10. Ladle wall permanent refractory layer, 11. Steel shell. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more readily understood, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model; however, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "middle", "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship given in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated position or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0023] like Figure 1 The sprue nozzle shown can be made into a cuboid, cube, cylinder, or frustum shape. In this embodiment, the sprue nozzle includes a nozzle body 1-1, which is a hollow cube with open top and bottom. The nozzle body has symmetrically inclined backflow holes 1-2 on its side walls, and an outwardly extending boss 1-3 on the bottom side of the nozzle body for pouring refractory. The radius of the backflow holes 1-3 in the nozzle body 1-1 is 30 mm to 70 mm. In this embodiment, there are four backflow holes, 1-3 arranged axially symmetrically on the four side walls of the nozzle body 1-1. The nozzle body 1-1 is a precast refractory material, and the refractory material used is corundum spinel, alumina-magnesia, or corundum.

[0024] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 The refining ladle structure shown in this embodiment adopts the following... Figure 1The ladle nozzle cap shown is used for constructing the ladle bottom. The ladle structure has a ladle bottom structure and a ladle wall structure. The ladle bottom structure includes nozzle seat bricks 2 and permeable bricks 7. Castable refractory is poured around the nozzle seat bricks 2 and permeable bricks 7 to form a castable refractory layer. From bottom to top, the castable refractory layer consists of a permanent castable refractory layer 4 and a working castable refractory layer 5. A ladle nozzle cap 1 is fitted onto the nozzle seat bricks 2. In this embodiment, the ladle nozzle cap 1 has a height of 500mm. The bottom of the ladle nozzle cap is placed tightly against the permanent castable refractory layer 4 around the nozzle seat bricks 2. Castable refractory is then poured onto the outer side and top of the protrusion at the bottom of the ladle nozzle cap to form the working castable refractory layer 5. Thus, the protrusions 1-3 are embedded under the working castable refractory layer, ensuring the ladle nozzle cap is stable. The ladle is fixedly installed on the nozzle seat brick 2, and the gap between the nozzle seat brick 2 and the permanent bottom castable layer 4 is filled with grout 3. The bottom working castable layer 5 is recessed into the nozzle seat brick 2 in a sloping shape, forming a low-lying area at the nozzle seat brick. In this embodiment, the low-lying area is 80mm lower than the entire bottom plane of the ladle. The height of the lower edge of the guide hole 1-2 of the refining ladle nozzle cap 1 from the outer sidewall of the cap body 1-1 to the upper surface of the bottom working castable layer 5 is 0-30mm. A bottom impact zone castable layer 6 is poured upward in the middle of the bottom structure of the ladle. The upper surface of the bottom impact zone castable layer is higher than the upper surface of the bottom working castable layer 5, making it a high-protruding area. In this embodiment, the high-protruding area is 50mm higher than the entire bottom plane of the ladle.

[0025] Because the impact zone of this utility model patent is higher than the nozzle, the bottom working lining of the ladle transitions smoothly from the impact zone to the nozzle and is sloping. At the same time, the nozzle seat brick is surrounded by a refined steel ladle nozzle cap. By optimizing the structure of the upper surface of the bottom working lining and adding a slag-blocking refined steel ladle nozzle cap, the flow field of molten steel at the bottom of the ladle is improved and slag is prevented from entering the nozzle, reducing molten steel residue, increasing molten steel yield, and ensuring the safe operation of the ladle are all very beneficial.

[0026] The examples described above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A sprue cap for a refined steel ladle, characterized in that: The hat body (1-1) is hollow and open at both the top and bottom. The hat body is rectangular, cubic, cylindrical or frustum in shape. The side walls of the hat body are symmetrically inclined with flow holes (1-2). The bottom side of the hat body is provided with an outwardly extending boss (1-3).

2. The refining ladle nozzle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the guide hole (1-2) of the cap body (1-1) is 30 mm to 70 mm.

3. The sprue cap for refined steel ladles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The guide holes (1-2) are arranged symmetrically on the side wall of the cap body (1-1), and there are 2 to 8 guide holes (1-2).

4. The refining ladle nozzle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cap body (1-1) is a prefabricated refractory material component.

5. The sprue cap for refined steel ladles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The refractory material used for the cap body (1-1) is corundum spinel, aluminum magnesium or corundum.

6. A refining ladle structure, employing the refining ladle nozzle cap as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The ladle has a bottom structure and a wall structure. The bottom structure includes a nozzle seat brick (2) and a permeable brick (7). Castable refractory is poured around the nozzle seat brick (2) and the permeable brick (7) to form a castable refractory layer. The castable refractory layer consists of a permanent bottom castable refractory layer (4) and a working bottom castable refractory layer (5) from bottom to top. The refining ladle nozzle cap (1) is fitted on the nozzle seat brick (2). The bottom of the refining ladle nozzle cap is placed tightly against the permanent bottom castable refractory layer (4) around the nozzle seat brick (2). The outer side of the boss at the bottom of the ladle nozzle and the top of the boss are formed by pouring castable to form the ladle bottom working castable layer (5). The ladle bottom working castable layer (5) is recessed into the nozzle seat brick (2) in a sloping shape. The lower edge of the guide hole (1-2) of the refining ladle nozzle (1) is 0-30mm above the upper surface of the ladle bottom working castable layer (5). A ladle bottom impact zone castable layer (6) is poured in the middle of the ladle bottom structure. The upper surface of the ladle bottom impact zone castable layer is higher than the upper surface of the ladle bottom working castable layer (5).

7. The refining ladle structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ladle wall, from the outside to the inside, includes a steel shell (11), a permanent castable layer (10), a working layer slag line brick (9), and a working layer precast block (8). The bottom permanent castable layer (4) and the wall permanent castable layer (10) are both formed by casting high-alumina refractory castable. The working layer precast block (8) is formed by building carbon-free corundum spinel precast blocks. The working layer slag line brick (9) is formed by building magnesia-carbon bricks. The bottom working castable layer (5) and the bottom impact zone castable layer (6) are formed by casting corundum spinel castable.

8. The refining ladle structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper surface of the bottom working castable layer (5) is a slope, and the height difference between its highest point and the bottom working castable layer at the sprue brick is 30-80mm; the height difference between the bottom impact zone castable layer and the bottom working castable layer at the sprue brick is 30-80mm.

9. The refining ladle structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gap between the sprue seat brick (2) and the bottom permanent castable layer (4) is filled with grout (3).

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