Ecological composite rock stratum imitating structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ecological composite rock-imitating layer structure which comprises a base layer, a raw stone imitating layer, a vegetation layer and a connecting piece, and the base layer is used for being arranged on the ground; the imitated raw stone layer comprises an adhesive layer and an aggregate layer, and the aggregate layer is connected with the adhesive layer and arranged on the side, away from the substrate layer, of the adhesive layer; the vegetation layer is arranged on the side, away from the substrate layer, of the aggregate layer. The connecting piece is connected with the base layer and embedded into the ground. The adhesive layer is made of a proper adhesive material, so that the aggregate layer can be firmly adhered to the substrate layer; the aggregate layer is composed of natural or artificial aggregates, the appearance and texture of imitated raw stone are formed, the surface is loose and porous, water and nutrient substances can be stored easily, and a certain space is provided for growth of plant roots; and the vegetation layer is arranged above the aggregate layer, moss, lichen or other low plants can be planted, the ecological diversity is increased, and the vegetation layer can be used for vegetation growth, so that the vegetation can cover the integrated mine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, specifically to an ecological composite simulated rock layer structure. Background Technology

[0002] Mining operations create pits and secondary bare land, damaging and polluting the original rock structure of these pits and bare land. This results in significant differences from the original geological features and disrupts the growth environment for surface vegetation, leading to substantial soil erosion and waste of land resources. Therefore, ecological restoration projects are necessary for mine slopes to restore the original morphological characteristics of the slope rock layers while providing favorable vegetation conditions, thus restoring their ecological self-circulation and repair capabilities.

[0003] Publication No. CN216632040U discloses a mine ecological restoration device, including a restoration mainboard. The mainboard has multiple placement slots inside, each containing a planting box. Each planting box has ventilation holes near its perimeter. The device restores the mine's ecology by planting vegetation on the mine.

[0004] The mine ecological restoration device simply sets up planting boxes on the mine to grow vegetation. Only the vegetation in the planting boxes can survive, but it does not create an environment on the mine for vegetation production, and cannot rely on the self-growth ability of the plants to restore the mine. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose an ecological composite simulated rock layer structure to solve the technical problem that vegetation can only survive and grow in the planting box in the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This utility model provides an ecological composite simulated rock strata structure, comprising:

[0008] The base layer is used for placement on the ground;

[0009] The imitation natural stone layer includes an adhesive layer and an aggregate layer, wherein the aggregate layer is connected to the adhesive layer and is disposed on the side of the adhesive layer opposite to the base layer;

[0010] A vegetation layer is disposed on the side of the aggregate layer opposite to the base layer; and

[0011] A connector that connects to the base layer and is embedded in the ground.

[0012] In one embodiment, the connector includes an anchor rod and an end cap. One end of the anchor rod passes through the base layer and is anchored into the ground. The end cap has a threaded hole opposite to the anchor rod. The end cap is threadedly connected to the other end of the anchor rod and abuts against the side of the base layer away from the ground.

[0013] In one embodiment, the connector further includes a support cap that is threadedly connected to the anchor bolt and disposed between the base layer and the ground.

[0014] In one embodiment, the connector further includes a nut that is threadedly connected to the anchor rod, and a support cap that is fitted onto the anchor rod and connected to the nut, the support cap being threadedly connected to the anchor rod via the nut.

[0015] In one embodiment, the side of the support cover facing the base layer is a burred surface.

[0016] In one embodiment, the end of the anchor bolt that is embedded in the ground is tapered.

[0017] In one embodiment, the base layer includes a three-dimensional fabric layer and a filling and curing layer, wherein a receiving gap is formed within the three-dimensional fabric layer, and the filling and curing layer is embedded within the receiving gap.

[0018] In one embodiment, the fabric density on the side of the three-dimensional fabric layer facing away from the ground is less than the fabric density on the side of the three-dimensional fabric layer facing towards the ground.

[0019] In one embodiment, the vegetation layer includes an alkalinity-reducing layer and a soil layer arranged sequentially in a direction away from the simulated natural stone layer.

[0020] In one embodiment, the thickness of the base layer is 0.8-1.2 cm; the thickness of the imitation stone layer is 0.4-1.0 cm; and the thickness of the vegetation layer is greater than 5 cm.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the ecological composite simulated rock layer structure provided by this utility model has a base layer that serves as the foundation of the entire structure, stably arranged on the ground to provide support for the upper structure; an adhesive layer: using suitable adhesive materials to ensure that the aggregate layer can be firmly adhered to the base layer; the aggregate layer is composed of natural or artificial aggregates, forming a simulated stone appearance and texture, with a loose and porous surface that is conducive to storing water and nutrients and provides a certain space for plant root growth; a vegetation layer is set on top of the aggregate layer, which can plant moss, lichen, or other low-growing plants to increase ecological diversity. The vegetation layer can provide vegetation growth, allowing vegetation to cover and integrate the mine, and can be used to restore the mine; connectors are used to firmly connect the base layer to the ground, ensuring the stability and durability of the entire structure. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ecological composite simulated rock layer structure provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting component in the ecological composite simulated rock layer structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the connector in the ecological composite simulated rock layer structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] Base layer 1; Imitation stone layer 2; Adhesive layer 21; Aggregate layer 22; Vegetation layer 3; Alkali-reducing and modifying layer 31; Soil layer 32; Connector 4; Anchor bolt 41; End cap 42; Support cap 43; Nut 44. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0028] To address the technical problem that vegetation can only survive and grow within planting boxes, this invention provides an ecological composite simulated rock layer structure that enables vegetation coverage of mine ground.

[0029] It should be noted that the ecological composite simulated rock layer structure described in this utility model is used for, but not limited to, ecological restoration of mine slopes. For ease of explanation, this utility model only uses the application of the ecological composite simulated rock layer structure to ecological restoration of mine slopes as an example. The principle of applying the ecological composite simulated rock layer structure to other types of equipment is essentially the same as that applied to ecological restoration of mine slopes, and will not be elaborated here.

[0030] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ecological composite simulated rock layer structure in one embodiment of the present invention. The ecological composite simulated rock layer structure includes a base layer 1, a simulated rock layer 2, a vegetation layer 3, and a connector 4. The base layer 1 is used to be arranged on the ground. The simulated rock layer 2 includes an adhesive layer 21 and an aggregate layer 22. The aggregate layer 22 is connected to the adhesive layer 21 and is located on the side of the adhesive layer 21 away from the base layer 1. The vegetation layer 3 is located on the side of the aggregate layer 22 away from the base layer 1. The connector 4 is connected to the base layer 1 and embedded in the ground.

[0031] Specifically, the base layer 1 serves as the foundation of the entire structure, stably positioned on the ground to support the upper structure; the adhesive layer 21 uses suitable adhesive materials to ensure that the aggregate layer 22 can firmly adhere to the base layer 1; the aggregate layer 22 is composed of natural or artificial aggregates, forming an appearance and texture similar to raw stone, with a loose and porous surface that facilitates the storage of water and nutrients and provides space for plant root growth; a vegetation layer 3 is set above the aggregate layer 22, where moss, lichen, or other low-growing plants can be planted to increase ecological diversity. The vegetation layer 3 provides a habitat for vegetation growth, allowing vegetation to cover the entire mine for mine restoration; the base layer 1 is firmly connected to the ground using connectors 4 to ensure the stability and durability of the entire structure.

[0032] It should be understood that the connector 4 can be an anchor, bolt, etc. Specifically, in one embodiment, the connector 4 includes an anchor rod 41 and an end cap 42. One end of the anchor rod 41 passes through the base layer 1 and is anchored into the ground. The end cap 42 has a threaded hole relative to the anchor rod 41. The end cap 42 is threadedly connected to the other end of the anchor rod 41 and abuts against the side of the base layer 1 away from the ground.

[0033] In this embodiment, the anchor rod 41 provides strong fixing force by penetrating the base layer 1 and anchoring into the ground, ensuring the stability of the entire structure under various environmental conditions. The end cap 42 is threadedly connected to the anchor rod 41, which can press the base layer 1 tightly into the ground.

[0034] Furthermore, in order to support the bottom of the base layer 1, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the connector 4 further includes a support cover 43, which is threadedly connected to the anchor rod 41 and disposed between the base layer 1 and the ground.

[0035] In this embodiment, the support cover 43 is threadedly connected to the anchor rod 41. The position of the support cover 43 along the axial direction of the anchor rod 41 is adjustable, so that the support cover 43 is located between the ground and the base layer 1, and can cooperate with the end cover 42 to clamp the base layer 1 and support the bottom of the base layer 1.

[0036] It should be understood that threaded holes can be made in the support cover 43 to achieve a threaded connection between the support cover 43 and the anchor rod 41, or the support cover 43 can be threadedly connected to the anchor rod 41 through other structures, specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the connector 4 further includes a nut 44, which is threadedly connected to the anchor rod 41. The support cover 43 is sleeved on the anchor rod 41 and connected to the nut 44. The support cover 43 is threadedly connected to the anchor rod 41 via the nut 44.

[0037] When it is necessary to achieve a threaded connection between the support cover 43 and the anchor rod 41, the nut 44 is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and the support cover 43 is sleeved on the screw rod, thus achieving a threaded connection between the support cover 43 and the anchor rod 41. Moreover, the nut 44 is a standard part, which is convenient for procurement and reduces costs.

[0038] To enhance the bonding strength between the support cover 43 and the base layer 1, in one embodiment, the side of the support cover 43 facing the base layer 1 is a burred surface.

[0039] In this embodiment, the burr surface can increase the friction between the support cover 43 and the base layer 1, enhance the bonding strength between the two, and at the same time, prevent the base layer 1 from sliding relative to the support cover 43.

[0040] To facilitate the insertion of the anchor bolt 41 into the ground and through the base layer 1, in one embodiment, the end of the anchor bolt 41 embedded in the ground is tapered.

[0041] The tapered anchor rod 41 can pass through the base layer 1 and can be rotated or directly inserted into the ground.

[0042] In order to enable the base layer 1 to adhere to the ground and have good structural strength, in one embodiment, the base layer 1 includes a three-dimensional fabric layer (not shown in the figure) and a filling and curing layer (not shown in the figure), wherein a receiving gap is formed in the three-dimensional fabric layer and the filling and curing layer is embedded in the receiving gap.

[0043] The three-dimensional fabric layer is formed by weaving fabric and has a certain structural strength and flexibility, which can conform to uneven ground. At the same time, the three-dimensional fabric layer formed by weaving can form a gap to accommodate the filling and curing layer to fill the gap. After the filling and curing layer cures, it can fix the three-dimensional fabric layer and form a fixed base structure.

[0044] The filling and curing layer can be an alkali-activated cementitious material or sulfoaluminate cement. After the base layer 1 is laid, water is sprayed on the base layer 1. After the water comes into contact with the filling and curing layer, it is cured and formed. The tensile strength of the base layer 1 is greater than 1 MPa.

[0045] To facilitate the filling and curing of the curing layer through the three-dimensional fabric layer, in one embodiment, the fabric density on the side of the three-dimensional fabric layer facing away from the ground is less than the fabric density on the side of the three-dimensional fabric layer facing the ground.

[0046] The side of the three-dimensional fabric layer facing away from the ground has a relatively low fabric density and large gaps, which can quickly fill and solidify the layer and allow water to penetrate rapidly. The side of the three-dimensional fabric layer facing the ground has a relatively high fabric density and small gaps, which can intercept the filler material of the solidified filling layer and prevent the filler material from penetrating the three-dimensional fabric layer.

[0047] It should be understood that the simulated natural stone layer 2 includes an adhesive layer 21 and an aggregate layer 22. The adhesive layer 21 can be made of materials that can provide bonding, such as epoxy resin, cement, starch adhesive, etc., while the aggregate layer 22 can be made of river sand, sea sand, mountain sand, and manufactured sand, etc. Specifically, for example... Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the simulated natural stone layer 2 consists of an adhesive layer 21 and an aggregate layer 22, formed by a first wet spray and a second dry spray, respectively. The surface is loose and porous, which is beneficial for storing moisture and nutrients and provides space for plant root growth. The thickness is preferably 0.4-1.0 cm. The adhesive layer 21 powder consists of white cement, mineral powder, latex powder, and alkali-reducing agent, with mass ratios of 64.5%-78.5%, 20%-29.5%, 0.5%-1.0%, and 1%-5%, respectively. Pigment is added to adjust the slurry color according to the characteristics of the rock morphology at the actual construction site. During spraying, the powder-to-water mass ratio is adjusted to 28%-33%, and the slurry spraying amount is 15-25 kg per square meter.

[0048] In order to enable the fabric to grow normally in the vegetation layer 3, in one embodiment, the vegetation layer 3 includes an alkali-reducing modified layer 31 and a soil layer 32 arranged sequentially in a direction away from the imitation stone layer 2.

[0049] By setting up the alkali-reducing modification layer 31, the gaps in the vegetation layer 3 can be reduced, providing a suitable growth environment for mosses and dwarf plants. The soil layer 32 is formed by mixing soil with other nutrients, which can provide nutrients for plant root growth.

[0050] Among them, the alkali-reducing modification layer 31 is formed by spraying a material that can reduce alkalinity. Specifically, the alkali-reducing modification layer 31 is formed by mixing alkali-reducing agent and phosphogypsum.

[0051] It should be understood that the thickness of the base layer 1, the imitation stone layer 2, and the vegetation layer 3 can be configured as needed. Specifically, in one embodiment, the thickness of the base layer 1 is 0.8-1.2 cm; the thickness of the imitation stone layer 2 is 0.4-1.0 cm; and the thickness of the vegetation layer 3 is greater than 5 cm.

[0052] Through the above-mentioned thickness matching, the base layer 1 can provide a solid bottom layer. The appropriate thickness ensures the stability and load-bearing capacity of the base layer 1 and prevents deformation or damage caused by insufficient thickness. The moderate thickness can simulate the appearance of real stone. The thicker vegetation layer 3 provides sufficient growing space and nutrients for plants, which helps the plants grow healthily.

[0053] Specifically, in one embodiment, the thickness of the base layer 1 is 1 cm; the thickness of the imitation stone layer 2 is 0.7 cm; and the thickness of the vegetation layer 3 is greater than 6 cm.

[0054] It should be understood that the number of connectors 4 can be one or more, specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, there are multiple connectors 4, which are spaced apart.

[0055] The specific embodiments of this utility model described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. An ecological composite simulated rock strata structure, characterized in that, include: The base layer is used for placement on the ground; The imitation natural stone layer includes an adhesive layer and an aggregate layer, wherein the aggregate layer is connected to the adhesive layer and is disposed on the side of the adhesive layer opposite to the base layer; A vegetation layer is disposed on the side of the aggregate layer opposite to the base layer; and A connector that connects to the base layer and is embedded in the ground.

2. The ecological composite simulated rock strata structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector includes an anchor rod and an end cap. One end of the anchor rod passes through the base layer and is anchored into the ground. The end cap has a threaded hole opposite to the anchor rod. The end cap is threadedly connected to the other end of the anchor rod and abuts against the side of the base layer away from the ground.

3. The ecological composite simulated rock strata structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connector also includes a support cover, which is threadedly connected to the anchor bolt and disposed between the base layer and the ground.

4. The ecological composite simulated rock strata structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connector also includes a nut, which is threadedly connected to the anchor rod. The support cover is sleeved on the anchor rod and connected to the nut. The support cover is threadedly connected to the anchor rod via the nut.

5. The ecological composite simulated rock strata structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side of the support cover facing the base layer has a burr-like surface.

6. The ecological composite simulated rock strata structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the anchor bolt that is embedded in the ground is tapered.

7. The ecological composite simulated rock strata structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base layer includes a three-dimensional fabric layer and a filling and curing layer. The three-dimensional fabric layer has a receiving gap, and the filling and curing layer is built into the receiving gap.

8. The ecological composite simulated rock strata structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fabric density on the side of the three-dimensional fabric layer facing away from the ground is less than the fabric density on the side of the three-dimensional fabric layer facing towards the ground.

9. The ecological composite simulated rock strata structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vegetation layer includes an alkalinity-reducing layer and a soil layer arranged sequentially in a direction away from the simulated natural stone layer.

10. The ecological composite simulated rock strata structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the base layer is 0.8-1.2cm; the thickness of the imitation stone layer is 0.4-1.0cm; and the thickness of the vegetation layer is greater than 5cm.

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