Shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Comprising a horizontal cylinder body, end sockets respectively communicated with the two ends of the cylinder body, two tube plates respectively propped between the end face of the cylinder body and the end sockets, a shell pass medium inlet and a shell pass medium outlet which are formed in the cylinder body, tube pass medium inlets and tube pass medium outlets which are formed in the end sockets in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and spiral baffle plates arranged in the cylinder body, the heat exchange tubes are parallel to one another and arranged in the barrel, the spiral fins are spirally wound on the heat exchange tubes, first mounting holes are formed in the spiral baffle plates, the heat exchange tubes wound with the spiral fins penetrate through the first mounting holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the two ends of each heat exchange tube penetrate through the two tube plates respectively; the spiral direction of the spiral baffle plates is the same as that of the spiral fins, and the axes of the spiral baffle plates and the axes of the spiral fins are parallel to each other and are parallel to the axis of the cylinder body. According to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the scaling rate can be effectively reduced, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the machining difficulty and the machining cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] In existing shell-and-tube heat exchangers, heat exchange media with different temperatures are introduced into the tube side and shell side respectively. In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, bow-shaped baffles are generally set in the shell side to guide the flow of the heat exchange media. However, this type of baffle has disadvantages such as easy fouling and low heat exchange efficiency.

[0003] In existing technologies, spiral baffles are installed in the shell side to alleviate the problems of easy fouling and low heat exchange efficiency, but this structure has the following disadvantages:

[0004] The problems of easy scaling and low heat exchange efficiency are still quite serious, and there is a tendency for gaps to exist between the mounting holes of the spiral baffle and the heat exchange tubes.

[0005] If the machining accuracy of the mounting holes in the spiral baffle is high, the gap between the spiral baffle and the heat exchange tube can be eliminated. However, this will not only increase the production cost, but also increase the installation difficulty. If the heat exchange tube is not handled carefully during installation, it will be damaged.

[0006] If the machining accuracy of the mounting holes in the spiral baffle is low, the heat exchange medium leaking from the mounting holes of the spiral baffle and the gap between the heat exchange tubes will not be guided by the spiral baffle during flow, which will greatly affect the heat exchange efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a shell-and-tube heat exchanger that can effectively reduce the scaling rate and increase the heat exchange efficiency, while reducing the processing difficulty and cost.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes a horizontal shell, end caps connected to both ends of the shell, two tube sheets abutting between the end faces of the shell and the end caps, a shell-side medium inlet and a shell-side medium outlet on the shell, and tube-side medium inlets and tube-side medium outlets correspondingly opened on the end caps. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a spiral baffle plate disposed in the shell, multiple parallel heat exchange tubes disposed in the shell, and spiral fins spirally wound on the heat exchange tubes. The spiral baffle plate has first mounting holes for the heat exchange tubes with spiral fins wound on them to pass through one by one. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes pass through the two tube sheets respectively.

[0010] The spiral baffle and the spiral fins have the same spiral direction, and their axes are parallel to each other and parallel to the axis of the cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the outer diameter of the spiral fin is smaller than the diameter of the first mounting hole.

[0012] Preferably, the spiral baffle is provided with a second mounting hole, and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger further includes a mounting tube passing through the second mounting hole and two limiting sleeves respectively fitted at both ends of the mounting tube. The diameter of the limiting sleeve is larger than that of the second mounting hole, and the two ends of the limiting sleeve are respectively used to abut against the spiral baffle and the tube sheet.

[0013] More preferably, there are multiple second mounting holes, which are arranged around the outside of the first mounting holes.

[0014] Preferably, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger further includes at least two support legs disposed below the shell, and the shell is disposed on the support legs at a downward inclination along the direction from the tube-side medium inlet to the tube-side medium outlet.

[0015] More preferably, at least one of the support legs is retractably located below the cylinder.

[0016] More preferably, the tube-side medium inlet is located on the lower side of the corresponding end cap, and the tube-side medium outlet is located on the upper side of the corresponding end cap, with the tube-side medium inlet being lower than the tube-side medium outlet.

[0017] More preferably, the shell-side medium inlet is located on the lower side of one end of the cylinder near the tube-side medium outlet, and the shell-side medium outlet is located on the upper side of one end of the cylinder near the tube-side medium inlet, with the shell-side medium inlet being lower than the shell-side medium outlet.

[0018] Preferably, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger further includes a turbulence element located at the inlet of the heat exchange tube.

[0019] More preferably, there are multiple turbulence elements, and they are arranged one-to-one in the heat exchange tube.

[0020] Due to the application of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The shell-and-tube heat exchanger of this utility model, by spirally winding helical fins for heat exchange on the heat exchange tubes and passing them through the first mounting hole on the helical baffle plate, has the following advantages:

[0021] Since the first mounting hole does not need to be tightly fitted with the heat exchange tube, the processing difficulty and cost of the spiral baffle are reduced, and the installation difficulty is also relatively low.

[0022] The spiral baffle eliminates dead zones in the spiral plunger flow formed by the shell-side medium, effectively reducing the fouling rate and increasing heat exchange efficiency.

[0023] The heat exchange medium in the gap between the spiral baffle and the heat exchange tube flows under the guidance of the spiral fins, which not only increases the heat exchange area and avoids insufficient heat exchange in this part of the heat exchange medium, but also increases the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the local heat exchange medium flow outside the spiral fins forms turbulence, which helps to promote the flow of the shell-side medium to form a spiral plunger flow, which can further reduce the scaling rate and increase the heat exchange efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Appendix Figure 2 For the appendix Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral baffle;

[0026] Appendix Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 1 Front view of the spiral baffle;

[0027] Appendix Figure 4 For the appendix Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of heat exchange tubes and mounting tubes;

[0028] Appendix Figure 5 For the appendix Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the heat exchange tube and the spiral fins;

[0029] Appendix Figure 6 For the appendix Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the heat exchanger tube.

[0030] The components are: 1. Shell; 2. Head; 3. Tube sheet; 4. Shell-side medium inlet; 5. Shell-side medium outlet; 6. Tube-side medium inlet; 7. Tube-side medium outlet; 8. Spiral baffle; 81. First mounting hole; 82. Second mounting hole; 9. Heat exchange tube; 10. Spiral fins; 11. Mounting tube; 12. Limiting sleeve; 13. Support leg; 14. Turbulence element. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0032] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "inner", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of this utility model.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment of the invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] The following disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for different structures of the embodiments of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or reference letters may be repeated in different examples of the embodiments of the present invention; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various implementations and / or arrangements discussed.

[0038] See Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, including a horizontal shell 1, two end caps 2 respectively connected to both ends of the shell 1, two tube sheets 3 respectively abutting between the end face of the shell 1 and the end caps 2, a shell-side medium inlet 4 and a shell-side medium outlet 5 opened on the shell 1, and a tube-side medium inlet 6 and a tube-side medium outlet 7 correspondingly opened on the end caps 2.

[0039] In this embodiment, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes at least two support legs 13 located below the shell 1. The shell 1 is inclined downward along the direction from the tube-side medium inlet 6 to the tube-side medium outlet 7 on the support legs 13. This arrangement ensures that the cooled liquid phase in the tube-side flows downward along the bottom of the tube bundle, reducing its contact area and contact time with the gas phase in the tube-side, thus avoiding the reverse reaction caused by the slow liquid phase flow rate and the large contact area and long contact time with the gas phase in the traditional structure.

[0040] At least one support leg 13 is telescopically located below the cylinder 1. This configuration allows for adjustment of the tilt angle of the cylinder 1, i.e., adjusting the angle between it and the horizontal plane, thereby controlling the liquid flow rate in the tube and ensuring its heat exchange time and efficiency in the heat exchange tube 9.

[0041] See Figure 1 As shown:

[0042] The medium inlet 6 is located at the corresponding end cap 2 (i.e. Figure 1 The tube-side medium outlet 7 is located on the lower side of the left end cap 2 (i.e., the left end cap 2). Figure 1 On the upper side of the right end cap 2), the tube-side medium inlet 6 is lower than the tube-side medium outlet 7;

[0043] Shell-side medium inlet 4 is located at one end of the cylinder 1 near tube-side medium outlet 7 (i.e. Figure 1 The shell-side medium outlet 5 is located on the lower side of the right end of the cylinder 1, near the tube-side medium inlet 6. Figure 1 On the upper side of the left end of the shell, the shell-side medium inlet 4 is lower than the shell-side medium outlet 5;

[0044] This setup increases the heat exchange efficiency between the tube-side and shell-side media in cylinder 1.

[0045] See Figure 1-5As shown, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a spiral baffle 8 disposed in the shell 1, multiple parallel heat exchange tubes 9 disposed in the shell 1, and spiral fins 10 spirally wound around the heat exchange tubes 9. The spiral baffle 8 has first mounting holes 81 through which the heat exchange tubes 9 with spiral fins 10 pass. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes 9 are respectively inserted into two tube sheets 3. The spiral baffle 8 and the spiral fins 10 have the same spiral direction, and their axes are parallel to each other and parallel to the axis of the shell 1. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the spiral fins 10 is smaller than the diameter of the first mounting holes 81.

[0046] With this configuration, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger has the following advantages:

[0047] Since the first mounting hole 81 does not need to be tightly fitted with the heat exchange tube 9, the processing and installation difficulty of the spiral baffle 8 is reduced, and the heat exchange tube 9 can be prevented from being damaged during installation.

[0048] The spiral baffle 8 makes the spiral plunger flow formed by the shell-side medium virtually free of dead zones, which can effectively reduce the scaling rate and increase the heat exchange efficiency.

[0049] The heat exchange medium in the gap between the spiral baffle 8 and the heat exchange tube 9 flows under the guidance of the spiral fins 10, which not only increases the heat exchange area and avoids insufficient heat exchange in this part of the heat exchange medium, but also increases the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the local heat exchange medium flow outside the spiral fins 10 forms turbulence, which helps to promote the flow of the shell-side medium to form a spiral plunger flow, which can further reduce the scaling rate and increase the heat exchange efficiency.

[0050] The spiral baffle 8 has a second mounting hole 82. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a mounting tube 11 passing through the second mounting hole 82 and two limiting sleeves 12 respectively fitted onto both ends of the mounting tube 11. The diameter of the limiting sleeves 12 is larger than that of the second mounting hole 82, and the two ends of the limiting sleeves 12 are used to abut against the spiral baffle 8 and the tube sheet 3, respectively. In this embodiment, there are multiple second mounting holes 82, which are arranged around the outside of the first mounting hole 81.

[0051] With this setup, the spiral baffle 8 is pressed between the two tube sheets 3 by the mounting tube 11 and the limiting sleeve 12 at the edge, which can greatly improve the space utilization in the shell side and further avoid the flow resistance and flow dead zone caused by the support structure installed at the center of the spiral baffle 8, which helps to reduce the fouling rate and increase the heat exchange efficiency.

[0052] See Figure 6 As shown, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a turbulence element 14 disposed at the inlet of the heat exchange tube 9. In this embodiment, there are multiple turbulence elements 14, and they are disposed one-to-one in the heat exchange tube 9.

[0053] By setting up a turbulence generator, the turbulence velocity of the heat exchange medium in the tube can be increased, and turbulence can be formed even at low Reynolds numbers, which makes the shell and tube heat exchanger have a stronger heat transfer capacity. At the same time, it reduces the accumulation of heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange tube 9 and ensures the cleanliness of the inside of the heat exchange tube 9.

[0054] Experiments show that, under the same conditions, compared with commercially available heat exchangers with spiral baffles 8, this shell-and-tube heat exchanger significantly improves the spiral plunger flow of the shell-side medium, increases the heat exchange area between the tube-side and shell-side medium by approximately 35%, increases the shell-side heat transfer coefficient by approximately 25%, and reduces the flow resistance of the shell-side medium by 20%-30%. It can significantly reduce the scaling rate, has virtually no dead zones, greatly improves vibration and noise, and has virtually no fluid alternating scouring.

[0055] The working process of this embodiment is described in detail below:

[0056] The tube-side medium enters from the tube-side medium inlet 6 at the bottom of the left end cap 2, flows through the heat exchange tube 9, and then exits from the tube-side medium outlet 7 at the top of the right end cap 2.

[0057] The shell-side medium enters from the shell-side medium inlet 4 at the bottom right side of the cylinder 1. Part of the shell-side medium spirals forward under the guidance of the spiral baffle 8 and exchanges heat with the tube-side medium in the heat exchange tube 9. The other part of the shell-side medium passes through the gap between the spiral baffle 8 and the heat exchange tube 9 and spirals forward under the guidance of the spiral fins 10, and also exchanges heat with the tube-side medium in the heat exchange tube 9. Both parts of the shell-side medium are output from the shell-side medium outlet 5 at the top left side of the cylinder 1.

[0058] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it. They should not be used to limit the protection scope of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a horizontal shell, end caps respectively connected to both ends of the shell, two tube sheets respectively abutting between the end faces of the shell and the end caps, a shell-side medium inlet and a shell-side medium outlet opened on the shell, and tube-side medium inlets and tube-side medium outlets correspondingly opened on the end caps, characterized in that: The shell-and-tube heat exchanger further includes a spiral baffle plate disposed in the shell, multiple parallel heat exchange tubes disposed in the shell, and spiral fins spirally wound on the heat exchange tubes. The spiral baffle plate has first mounting holes for the heat exchange tubes with spiral fins wound on them to pass through one by one. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes are respectively inserted into two tube sheets. The spiral baffle and the spiral fins have the same spiral direction, and their axes are parallel to each other and parallel to the axis of the cylinder.

2. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the spiral fin is smaller than the diameter of the first mounting hole.

3. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral baffle is provided with a second mounting hole. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a mounting tube passing through the second mounting hole and two limiting sleeves respectively fitted at both ends of the mounting tube. The diameter of the limiting sleeve is larger than that of the second mounting hole, and the two ends of the limiting sleeve are respectively used to abut against the spiral baffle and the tube sheet.

4. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are multiple second mounting holes, which are arranged around the outside of the first mounting holes.

5. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell-and-tube heat exchanger further includes at least two support legs located below the shell, with the shell inclined downwards on the support legs along the direction from the tube-side medium inlet to the tube-side medium outlet.

6. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one of the support legs is retractably located below the cylinder.

7. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tube-side medium inlet is located on the lower side of the corresponding end cap, and the tube-side medium outlet is located on the upper side of the corresponding end cap. The tube-side medium inlet is lower than the tube-side medium outlet.

8. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shell-side medium inlet is located on the lower side of one end of the cylinder near the tube-side medium outlet, and the shell-side medium outlet is located on the upper side of one end of the cylinder near the tube-side medium inlet. The shell-side medium inlet is lower than the shell-side medium outlet.

9. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a turbulence element located at the inlet of the heat exchange tube.

10. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that: There are multiple turbulence elements, and they are arranged one-to-one in the heat exchange tube.

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