Onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit board

Abstract

The utility model discloses an onboard ultra-wideband antenna for a small-size circuit board. The onboard ultra-wideband antenna comprises a small-size onboard ultra-wideband antenna module, and the small-size onboard ultra-wideband antenna module comprises an onboard antenna and an antenna matching circuit. The onboard antenna comprises an antenna radiator, an antenna dielectric plate, an antenna top layer metal ground, an antenna bottom layer metal ground and a plurality of short circuit via holes; the antenna radiator, the antenna top layer metal ground, the antenna bottom layer metal ground and the short circuit via hole are all arranged on the antenna dielectric plate, and the antenna matching circuit is arranged on the antenna dielectric plate. The onboard ultra-wide-band antenna for the small-size circuit board not only meets the requirements of ultra-wide antenna bandwidth and directional diagram performance, but also only needs a clearance area with the width of 5mm, so that the occupied space of the antenna is greatly reduced, the size is smaller, no cost is generated, and batch production is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards. Background Art

[0002] Due to size limitations and battery requirements, ultra-wide terminal products typically use smaller ceramic patch antennas or flexible flexible circuit board antennas. However, ceramic patch antennas usually require a clearance width of at least 10mm, while flexible circuit board antennas, which are attached to the inner wall of the casing, require a smaller clearance width but need to be mounted later, increasing assembly costs. Furthermore, both ceramic patch antennas and flexible circuit board antennas require secondary purchases of the antenna body, thus increasing the product's hardware costs.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN 112103659 A discloses a miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna structure and electronic device with dielectric loading, including a PCB board and a shield. The shield is disposed on the PCB board, and a slot antenna is formed on the surface of the shield. The slot antenna includes a slot, and a dielectric material is loaded in the slot. By designing and implementing the ultra-wideband antenna on the shield, no additional antenna configuration is required, which can effectively reduce the size of the ultra-wideband system and module. The antenna is a slot antenna, which utilizes the metallic ground reflection characteristics of the ultra-wideband module PCB board to make the antenna form directional radiation characteristics, which can effectively reduce the portion of radiated energy directed towards the human body. By loading a dielectric material in the slot antenna, the wavelength shortening effect of electromagnetic waves in the medium can be utilized to reduce the physical size of the slot antenna when it is working. Correspondingly, the antenna radiation performance of the same frequency band can be achieved on a smaller shield. The miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna in this technical solution is achieved by adding gaps to the shield and then connecting the circuit board through a coaxial feed line. This not only increases the design difficulty of the shield but also increases the cost of the coaxial cable and the production and assembly process, which is not conducive to mass production. Furthermore, the minimum shield size is 10.2*11.2mm.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized modules, which is suitable for small-sized modules, has good antenna radiation performance, is smaller in size and has no cost, and is more conducive to mass production. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards, which is suitable for small-sized modules, has good antenna radiation performance, is smaller in size and has no cost, and is more conducive to mass production.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: the onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards includes a small-size onboard ultra-wideband antenna module, the small-size onboard ultra-wideband antenna module includes an onboard antenna and an antenna matching circuit, the onboard antenna includes an antenna radiator, an antenna dielectric substrate, an antenna ground plane and a plurality of short-circuit vias; the antenna radiator, the antenna ground plane and the short-circuit vias are all disposed on the antenna dielectric substrate, and the antenna matching circuit is disposed on the antenna dielectric substrate.

[0007] Using the above technical solution, the smallest size of the small-sized module in this solution is only 19mm x 26mm, and the size can also be increased to 22mm x 30mm. The metal ground of this small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module serves as the antenna ground, and the antenna radiator is designed as a horizontal strip, integrated with the small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module on a single antenna dielectric board. The antenna requires only 5mm of clearance. Through antenna matching circuit debugging, the antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth greater than 1GHz at less than -10dB, and exhibits good antenna radiation performance. Furthermore, the onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards is directly printed on the module circuit, without increasing the cost of the antenna. This onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards is not only smaller in size but also inexpensive, making it more suitable for mass production.

[0008] Preferably, the antenna radiator includes a feed stub, and the antenna matching circuit includes a matching capacitor one, a matching inductor, and a matching capacitor two; the feed stub is first connected in series with the matching capacitor one, then in parallel with the matching inductor, and finally in series with the matching capacitor two.

[0009] Preferably, the antenna radiator further includes a radiating strip and a short-circuit stub, the radiating strip being on top of the antenna dielectric substrate, the short-circuit stub being electrically connected to the tail of the radiating strip, and the feed stub being provided with a gap from the short-circuit stub.

[0010] Preferably, the antenna ground plane includes a top antenna ground plane and a bottom antenna ground plane. The antenna radiator is printed on the top layer of the antenna dielectric substrate. The top antenna ground plane is printed on the lower part of the top layer of the antenna dielectric substrate. The bottom antenna ground plane is printed on the lower part of the bottom layer of the antenna dielectric substrate. The short-circuit via electrically connects the top antenna ground plane and the bottom antenna ground plane.

[0011] Preferably, the antenna matching circuit further includes a single antenna export file and a matching circuit input terminal. The single antenna export file is first connected in series with a matching capacitor one, then in parallel with a matching inductor, then in series with a matching capacitor two, and finally connected to the matching circuit input terminal.

[0012] Preferably, the short-circuited stub is electrically connected to the top metal ground of the antenna.

[0013] Preferably, the onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards further includes a base plate. The small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module has several half-holes on both sides, and the small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module is electrically connected to the base plate through these half-holes. The size of the base plate can be adjusted according to requirements.

[0014] Preferably, the antenna radiator is horizontally shaped. Designing the antenna radiator as a horizontal strip and integrating it with a small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module on a single antenna dielectric board reduces the clearance width required for this onboard ultra-wideband antenna used on small-sized circuit boards to only 5mm.

[0015] Preferably, the antenna dielectric substrate is an FR4 substrate with a thickness of 0.8 mm; the radiating strip has a width of 1 mm and a length of 14.8 mm; the spacing between the short-circuit stub and the feed stub is 3 mm; the net width of the antenna radiator is 5 mm; and the antenna dielectric substrate has a width of 19 mm and a length of 26 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards has a center frequency of 4 GHz and an impedance bandwidth of less than -10 dB and greater than 1 GHz.

[0017] Compared to current technologies, this onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards integrates the antenna and radiator into a single unit, resulting in a small size and impedance bandwidth exceeding 1 GHz at a range below -10 dB, along with superior radiation performance. Furthermore, this onboard ultra-wideband antenna is directly printed onto the module circuitry, incurring no additional cost. Its smaller size and zero cost facilitate mass production. It not only meets the requirements for ultra-wide bandwidth and radiation pattern performance but also requires only a 5mm clearance area, significantly reducing the space occupied by the antenna. Compared to ceramic and dielectric antennas, the hardware cost of this onboard integrated antenna is virtually zero, making it ideal for use in smaller modules. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a single antenna for an onboard ultra-wideband antenna used in a small-size module according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the matching circuit for the onboard ultra-wideband antenna of the present invention used in small-sized modules;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module with matching circuitry for small-sized modules according to this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4This is a side view of the onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized modules according to this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is an application diagram of the onboard module antenna for small-sized modules according to this utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 S11 is the onboard antenna of the onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized modules of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 S11 is the matching circuit of the onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized modules of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 S11 is the matching circuit diagram for the onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized modules of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 9 The radiation pattern of the matching circuit diagram for the onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized modules of this utility model;

[0027] Wherein: 1-Onboard ultra-wideband antenna module; 2-Onboard antenna; 201-Antenna radiator; 2011-Short-circuit stub; 2012-Feed stub; 2013-Radiating strip; 202-Antenna dielectric substrate; 203-Top metal ground of antenna; 204-Bottom metal ground of antenna; 205-Short-circuit via; 3-Antenna matching circuit; 301-Matching capacitor one; 302-Matching inductor; 303-Matching capacitor two; 4-Base plate; 5-Single antenna export file; 6-Matching circuit input terminal; 7-Half hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model to achieve its intended purpose, the following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, provides specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects based on this utility model.

[0029] Example: Figure 3 As shown, the onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards includes a small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module 1, which includes an onboard antenna 2 and an antenna matching circuit 3, as shown. Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the onboard antenna 2 includes an antenna radiator 201, an antenna dielectric substrate 202, an antenna ground plane, and several short-circuit vias 205. The antenna radiator 201, antenna ground plane, and short-circuit vias 205 are all disposed on the antenna dielectric substrate 202, and the antenna matching circuit 3 is disposed on the antenna dielectric substrate 202. The antenna radiator 201 includes a feed stub 2012, and the antenna matching circuit 3 includes a matching capacitor 301, a matching inductor 302, and a matching capacitor 303. The feed stub 2012 is first connected to the matching capacitor 303. The first capacitor 301 is connected in series, then in parallel with the matching inductor 302, and finally in series with the second matching capacitor 303; the antenna radiator 201 also includes a radiating strip 2013 and a short-circuit stub 2011. The radiating strip 2013 is located on the top and left side of the antenna dielectric substrate 202. The short-circuit stub 2011 is electrically connected to the tail of the radiating strip 2013. The feed stub 2012 and the short-circuit stub 2011 are provided with a certain gap; the gap between the short-circuit stub 2011 and the feed stub 2012 is 3mm; Figure 4 As shown, the antenna ground plane includes a top antenna ground plane 203 and a bottom antenna ground plane 204. The antenna radiator 201 is printed on the top layer of the antenna dielectric substrate 202. The top antenna ground plane 203 is printed on the lower part of the top layer of the antenna dielectric substrate 202. The bottom antenna ground plane 204 is printed on the lower part of the bottom layer of the antenna dielectric substrate 202. The short-circuit via 205 electrically connects the top antenna ground plane 203 and the bottom antenna ground plane 204. Figure 2 As shown, the antenna matching circuit 3 further includes a single antenna export file 5 and a matching circuit input terminal 6. The single antenna export file 5 is connected in series with a matching capacitor 301, then in parallel with a matching inductor 302, then in series with a matching capacitor 303, and finally connected to the matching circuit input terminal 6. The capacitance of the matching capacitor 301 is 0.775pF, and the capacitance of the matching capacitor 303 is 1.15pF. The short-circuit stub 2011 is electrically connected to the top metal ground 203 of the antenna. The onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards also includes a base plate 4. The small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module 1 has several half-holes 7 on both sides. The small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module 1 is electrically connected to the base plate 4 by welding through the half-holes 7. The size of the base plate 4 can be adjusted according to requirements; the antenna radiator 201 is horizontal; the antenna radiator 201 is designed as a horizontal strip and integrated with the small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module 1 on an antenna dielectric board 202, so that the onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards only requires a 5mm clearance width.

[0030] In this embodiment, the antenna dielectric substrate 202 is an FR4 substrate with a thickness of 0.8 mm; the radiating strip 2013 has a width of 1 mm and a length of 14.8 mm; the clear width of the antenna radiator 201 is 5 mm; and the antenna dielectric substrate 202 has a width of 19 mm and a length of 26 mm. This onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards has a center frequency of 4 GHz and an impedance bandwidth of less than -10 dB greater than 1 GHz.

[0031] The onboard ultrawideband circuit board for small-size circuit boards was modeled, simulated, and optimized using ANSYS 2020 software, such as... Figure 6 For the S-parameters of a single antenna, by Figure 6 It can be seen that the reflection coefficient S11 is less than -10dB in the 3.57GHz-4.16GHz range, and the single antenna's -10dB impedance bandwidth is only 0.59GHz. For example... Figure 2 The diagram shows the matching circuit schematic for an onboard ultra-wideband circuit used on a small-size circuit board. In the single-antenna exported file 5, matching capacitor 301 is connected in series, matching inductor 302 is connected in parallel, and then matching capacitor 303 is connected in series again. Finally, it is connected to the matching circuit input terminal 6. The schematic was simulated and debugged using ADS software. The value of matching capacitor 301 is 1.15pF, the value of matching inductor 302 is 1.8nH, and the value of matching capacitor 303 is 0.77pF. Figure 7 To match the S-parameters of the circuit, by Figure 7 It can be seen that when the reflection coefficient S11 is less than -9dB, the impedance bandwidth is greater than 1GHz. Figure 3 This is a printed circuit diagram for adding matching circuitry to a small-size onboard ultra-wideband antenna module. Due to the influence of microstrip lines and metal ground, the values ​​of the matching circuitry need to be readjusted. After readjustment, the value of antenna matching capacitor 301 is 1.2pF, the value of antenna matching inductor 302 is 2nH, and the value of antenna matching capacitor 303 is 0.75pF. Figure 8 S11, which adds a matching circuit to the onboard module antenna, is... Figure 8 It can be seen that when the reflection coefficient S11 is less than -10dB, the impedance is greater than 1GHz. Figure 9 The radiation pattern of adding matching circuitry to a small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module is obtained from... Figure 9 It can be seen that the small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module radiates omnidirectionally in most directions. Figure 4 This is a side view of a small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module. Figure 5 This is an application diagram showing the combination of onboard module antenna and base plate. The size of the base plate can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards, characterized in that, The invention includes a small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module, which includes an onboard antenna and an antenna matching circuit. The onboard antenna includes an antenna radiator, an antenna dielectric substrate, an antenna ground plane, and several short-circuit vias. The antenna radiator, antenna ground plane, and short-circuit vias are all located on the antenna dielectric substrate, and the antenna matching circuit is located on the antenna dielectric substrate.

2. The onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna radiator includes a feed stub, and the antenna matching circuit includes a matching capacitor one, a matching inductor, and a matching capacitor two; the feed stub is first connected in series with the matching capacitor one, then in parallel with the matching inductor, and finally in series with the matching capacitor two.

3. The onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards according to claim 2, characterized in that, The antenna radiator also includes a radiating strip and a short-circuit stub. The radiating strip is located on top of the antenna dielectric substrate. The short-circuit stub is electrically connected to the tail of the radiating strip. The feed stub and the short-circuit stub are separated by a gap.

4. The onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards according to claim 3, characterized in that, The antenna ground plane includes a top antenna ground plane and a bottom antenna ground plane. The antenna radiator is printed on the top layer of the antenna dielectric substrate. The top antenna ground plane is printed on the top layer of the antenna dielectric substrate. The bottom antenna ground plane is printed on the bottom layer of the antenna dielectric substrate. The short-circuit via electrically connects the top antenna ground plane and the bottom antenna ground plane.

5. The onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards according to claim 3, characterized in that, The antenna matching circuit also includes a single antenna export file and a matching circuit input terminal. The single antenna export file is first connected in series with matching capacitor one, then in parallel with matching inductor, then in series with matching capacitor two, and finally connected to the matching circuit input terminal.

6. The onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards according to claim 3, characterized in that, The short-circuited stub is electrically connected to the top metal ground of the antenna.

7. The onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards according to claim 3, characterized in that, The onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards also includes a base plate. The small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module has several half-holes on both sides. The small-sized onboard ultra-wideband antenna module is electrically connected to the base plate through the half-holes.

8. The onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards according to claim 3, characterized in that, The antenna radiator is horizontally shaped.

9. The onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards according to claim 3, characterized in that, The antenna dielectric substrate is an FR4 substrate with a thickness of 0.8 mm; the radiating strip has a width of 1 mm and a length of 14.8 mm; the spacing between the short-circuit stub and the feed stub is 3 mm; the net width of the antenna radiator is 5 mm; and the antenna dielectric substrate has a width of 19 mm and a length of 26 mm.

10. The onboard ultra-wideband antenna for small-size circuit boards according to claim 3, characterized in that, The onboard ultrawideband antenna for small-sized circuit boards has a center frequency of 4 GHz and an impedance bandwidth of less than -10 dB and greater than 1 GHz.

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