Continuous feeding friction stir additive manufacturing device with adjustable component gradient

Abstract

The utility model relates to a continuous feeding friction stir additive manufacturing device, in particular to a continuous feeding friction stir additive manufacturing device with an adjustable component gradient. The utility model aims to solve the problems of discontinuous feeding and unadjustable components in the conventional friction stir additive manufacturing. The device comprises a material cutting mechanism, a screw conveying mechanism and a stirring additive manufacturing mechanism, the material cutting mechanism is arranged above an inlet of the screw conveying mechanism, and the stirring additive manufacturing mechanism is connected with an outlet of the screw conveying mechanism. The utility model belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a continuous feeding stirring friction additive manufacturing device, belonging to the field of additive manufacturing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Additive manufacturing, due to its advantages such as high manufacturing flexibility, high production efficiency, mold-free operation, and small machining allowance, has become a major manufacturing method for complex lightweight structures. Additive manufacturing technology generally uses lasers or electron beams as heat sources, melting alloy powder and adding alloys or metals layer by layer to achieve the net formation of metal components. Because most additive manufacturing processes involve a melting-solidification process, various non-equilibrium solidification defects can occur, such as internal porosity, cracks, alloy element burn-off, poor density, and localized metallurgical defects. If excessive energy is applied during processing, material sputtering can cause contamination. Furthermore, continuous reheating during additive manufacturing can lead to undesirable phase transformations and residual stresses in the added layers, significantly reducing material properties. Traditional melt-solidification additive manufacturing struggles to address these problems.

[0003] Friction stir additive manufacturing (FSM) is an all-solid-phase additive manufacturing technology. Its structure manufacturing process avoids melting-solidification; instead, it utilizes high-speed stirring friction to thermoplasticize and heat the material, depositing metal layer by layer on the workpiece surface to form a unique metal deposition additive structure, thus avoiding the defects of traditional additive manufacturing. However, existing FSM technology still faces certain technical bottlenecks in engineering applications. Firstly, traditional FSM cannot achieve continuous feeding. Discontinuous feeding and material supply interruptions will affect the frictional heat generation and plastic deformation of the stirring pin, and may also cause uneven local temperature changes, potentially inducing local component defects and reducing manufacturing efficiency and accuracy. Secondly, traditional FSM can only feed one type of material, and the composition cannot be adjusted, making it impossible to create gradient metal materials, which significantly limits the applicability of this technology.

[0004] Based on this idea, if a new friction stir additive manufacturing scheme can be proposed that can not only avoid the melting-solidification process, but also bypass the current discontinuous feeding and non-adjustable composition of the solid phase method, and be combined with the existing friction stir additive manufacturing equipment, it is expected to achieve a breakthrough in additive manufacturing technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention addresses the problems of discontinuous feeding and unadjustable composition in current friction stir additive manufacturing, and proposes a continuous feeding friction stir additive manufacturing device with adjustable composition gradient.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above problems is as follows: This utility model includes a material cutting mechanism, a screw conveying mechanism, and a stirring additive manufacturing mechanism;

[0007] The material cutting mechanism is located above the inlet of the screw conveyor, and the mixing additive manufacturing mechanism is connected to the outlet of the screw conveyor.

[0008] Furthermore, the material cutting mechanism includes a rotating shaft, multiple fixed blades, multiple rotating cutting blades, and a guide container;

[0009] Multiple rotating cutting blades are fixed at the lower end of the rotating shaft along the direction of rotation, and multiple fixed blades are fixed above the rotating cutting blades along the circumferential direction. The guide container is located below the rotating cutting blades.

[0010] Furthermore, the screw conveyor mechanism includes a housing and a screw;

[0011] The screw is coaxially mounted inside the housing. The upper surface of the housing has a first feed port, which is located below the material cutting mechanism. The outlet at the end of the housing is connected to the friction stirring additive manufacturing mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the friction stir additive manufacturing mechanism includes an inner shaft and a housing;

[0013] The inner shaft is vertically installed inside the housing, and the inlet on the side wall of the housing is connected to the outlet at the end of the screw conveyor mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner shaft consists of a first clamping member, a connecting member, a feeding screw, and a stirring pin;

[0015] The first clamping component, the connecting component, and the feeding screw are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the stirring needle is fixed at the lower end of the feeding screw.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer side wall of the upper part of the housing is provided with a second clamping member along the circumferential direction, the side wall of the housing is provided with a second feed port, and the bottom of the housing is provided with a shoulder.

[0017] Furthermore, the downward movement speed of the raw material at the fixed blade in the material cutting mechanism First raw material diameter Second raw material diameter Third raw material diameter Travel speed of the friction stir additive manufacturing mechanism Additive manufacturing layer height Additive manufacturing layer The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0018] (1),

[0019] In formula (1), Indicates the number of the first raw material. Indicates the number of the second raw material. This indicates the number of roots of the third raw material.

[0020] Furthermore, the diameter difference between the screw and the housing is 0.3mm to 1.5mm; the diameter difference between the inner shaft and the outer shell is 0.3mm to 1.5mm.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0022] 1. This utility model breaks through the technical bottleneck of discontinuous feeding and unadjustable composition in the current friction stir additive manufacturing, avoids the breakage and defects caused by feeding interruption, improves the service life of the device and product quality, and can simultaneously perform cutting and friction stir additive manufacturing of multiple materials, optimizes product performance, and the produced additive manufacturing parts have the characteristics of low cost, low pollution and high performance.

[0023] 2. The raw material composition gradient of this utility model is adjustable, which expands the application scope of friction stir additive manufacturing and makes it possible to prepare high-entropy alloys and other high-performance composite materials at low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material cutting mechanism and the screw conveying mechanism;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner shaft of a friction stir additive manufacturing mechanism;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the housing of a friction stir additive manufacturing mechanism;

[0028] Figures 1 to 4 In the diagram, 1-material cutting mechanism, 101-rotating shaft, 102-fixed blade, 103-rotating cutting blade, 104-guide container, 2-screw conveying mechanism, 201-machine housing, 202-screw, 203-first feed inlet, 3-friction stirring additive manufacturing mechanism, 301-inner shaft, 302-outer shell, 301-inner shaft, 30101-first clamping member, 30102-connecting member, 30103-feeding screw, 30104-stirring needle, 302-outer shell, 30201-second clamping member, 30202-second feed inlet, 30203-shoulder. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Specific implementation method one: as follows Figure 1 As shown, a continuous feeding stirring friction additive manufacturing apparatus with adjustable composition gradient includes a material cutting mechanism 1, a screw conveying mechanism 2, and a stirring additive manufacturing mechanism 3.

[0030] The material cutting mechanism 1 is located above the inlet of the screw conveyor mechanism 2, and the mixing additive manufacturing mechanism 3 is connected to the outlet of the screw conveyor mechanism 2.

[0031] Among them, the material cutting mechanism 1 can cut multiple materials of different materials at the same time. By adjusting the type and proportion of raw materials as needed, composite materials with adjustable composition, such as high-entropy alloys, can be produced.

[0032] Specific implementation method two: such as Figure 2 As shown, the material cutting mechanism 1 includes a rotating shaft 101, multiple fixed blades 102, multiple rotating cutting blades 103, and a guide container 104;

[0033] Multiple rotating cutting blades 103 are fixed at the lower end of rotating shaft 101 along the rotation axis direction, multiple fixed blades 102 are fixed above the rotating cutting blades 103 along the circumferential direction, and a guide container 104 is disposed below the rotating cutting blades 103.

[0034] The rotating shaft 101 is connected to the drive device. The gap between the rotating cutting blade 103 and the fixed blade 102 is used to vertically place the rod or wire. The rotating cutting blade 103 rotates under the action of the rotating shaft 101 to cut the material into small particles. The guide container 104 is used to collect the falling small particles and allow the small particles to exit from the lower port for subsequent friction stir additive manufacturing.

[0035] The number of blades of the fixed blade 102 and the rotating cutting blade 103 of the material cutting mechanism 1, as well as the rotation speed of the rotating cutting blade 103, can be adjusted according to the needs and the thickness of the material to achieve a better cutting effect. By adjusting the downward speed of different raw materials, materials of different thicknesses can be cut at the same time, and the rotation speed can be adjusted between 1-7000 rpm.

[0036] Specific implementation method three: such as Figure 3 As shown, the screw conveyor mechanism 2 includes a housing 201 and a screw 202;

[0037] The screw 202 is coaxially arranged inside the housing 201. The upper surface of the housing 201 is provided with a first feed port 203, which is located below the material cutting mechanism 1. The outlet at the end of the housing 201 is connected to the friction stirring additive manufacturing mechanism 3.

[0038] The housing 201 is used to fix and support the screw 202. The first feed port 203 is on the surface of the housing 201, through which the small particles formed by cutting enter the screw conveying mechanism 2. The screw 202 is inside the housing 201, with one end connected to the drive device and the other end at the port of the housing 201. It rotates under the action of the drive device to push the falling small particles out.

[0039] Specific implementation method four: such as Figure 4 As shown, the friction stir additive manufacturing mechanism 3 includes an inner shaft 301 and a housing 302;

[0040] The inner shaft 301 is vertically installed inside the outer casing 302, and the inlet of the side wall of the outer casing 302 is connected to the outlet at the end of the screw conveyor mechanism 2.

[0041] The first clamping member 30101 is used to connect to the main shaft rotor, including but not limited to the power unit and control unit, and has a milled surface on its side for side clamping. The connecting member 30102 is used to connect the first clamping member 30101 and the feeding screw 30103. The feeding screw 30103 is used to squeeze and push the fed small particles downward, and solidify them under the strong plastic action of the stirring pin 30104. The stirring pin 30104 is a frustum-shaped protrusion located at the lower end of the feeding screw 30103.

[0042] The outer casing 302 consists of three parts: a second clamping member 30201, a second feed port 30202, and a shoulder 30203. The second clamping member 30201 has through holes evenly distributed around its circumference for fixing the position of the outer casing 302.

[0043] The second feed port 30202 is located on the side of the outer shell 302 and is used to feed small particles into the gap between the outer shell 302 and the inner shaft 301. The small particles are squeezed and pushed downward under the action of the feeding screw 30103 and transported to the stirring needle 30104. Under the action of the stirring needle 30104, they are solidified and formed. The shoulder 30203 is located at the bottom of the outer shell 302 and is used to flatten the solidified material to form a flat solid phase additive manufacturing layer.

[0044] Specific implementation method five: such as Figure 4 As shown, the inner shaft 301 is composed of a first clamping member 30101, a connecting member 30102, a feeding screw 30103, and a stirring needle 30104;

[0045] The first clamping member 30101, the connecting member 30102 and the feeding screw 30103 are fixedly connected from top to bottom, and the stirring needle 30104 is fixed at the lower end of the feeding screw 30103.

[0046] Specific implementation method six: such as Figure 4 As shown, the outer side wall of the upper part of the housing 302 is provided with a second clamping member 30201 along the circumferential direction, the side wall of the housing 302 is provided with a second feed port 30202, and the bottom of the housing 302 is provided with a shoulder 30203.

[0047] Specific implementation method seven: such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the downward movement speed of the raw material at the fixed blade 102 in the material cutting mechanism 1 First raw material diameter Second raw material diameter Third raw material diameter The travel speed of the friction stir additive manufacturing mechanism 3 Additive manufacturing layer height Additive manufacturing layer The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0048] (1),

[0049] In formula (1), Indicates the number of the first raw material. Indicates the number of the second raw material. This indicates the number of roots of the third raw material.

[0050] Specific implementation method eight: such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the diameter difference between the screw 202 and the housing 201 is 0.3mm~1.5mm; the diameter difference between the inner shaft 301 and the outer casing 302 is 0.3mm~1.5mm.

[0051] Working principle

[0052] The rod or wire is placed in the gap between the blades of the fixed blade 102. The fixed blade 102 is fixed and does not move. When the rotating shaft 101 drives the rotating cutting blade 103 to rotate at a certain speed, the lower end of the material is cut into small particles and falls into the guide container 104 and enters the screw conveyor mechanism 2 from the lower end of the guide container 104. In the screw conveyor mechanism 2, the screw 202 rotates at a certain speed. Small particles enter the gap between the outer shell 302 and the inner shaft 301 through the second feed port 30202 of the friction stir additive manufacturing mechanism 3 along the pushing direction of the screw 202. At the same time, the inner shaft 301 rotates at high speed. The relative rotation of the outer shell 302 and the inner shaft 301 further crushes and deforms the small particles, generating heat and entering a thermoplastic state. Under the extrusion action of the feeding screw 30103, the particles move downward. When they reach the stirring pin 30104, they solidify and form under the strong plastic action of the stirring pin 30104, and are flattened by the shoulder 30203 to form a flat solid additive manufacturing layer. The stirring pin 30104 also stirs and rubs the current layer and the previous layer, thereby improving the interfacial bonding. The friction stir additive manufacturing mechanism 3 travels at a set speed and along a predetermined route, and gradually lifts along the stacking direction, finally forming the required complete additive manufacturing part.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model's technical solution. Any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model's technical solution, based on the technical essence of the present utility model and within the spirit and principles of the present utility model, shall still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model's technical solution.

Claims

1. A continuous feeding stirring friction additive manufacturing apparatus with adjustable composition gradient, characterized in that, It includes a material cutting mechanism (1), a screw conveying mechanism (2), and a mixing additive manufacturing mechanism (3). The material cutting mechanism (1) is located above the inlet of the screw conveyor mechanism (2), and the mixing additive manufacturing mechanism (3) is connected to the outlet of the screw conveyor mechanism (2).

2. The continuously feeding, stirring, friction additive manufacturing apparatus with adjustable composition gradient according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material cutting mechanism (1) includes a rotating shaft (101), multiple fixed blades (102), multiple rotating cutting blades (103), and a guide container (104). Multiple rotating cutting blades (103) are fixed at the lower end of the rotating shaft (101) along the rotation axis direction, multiple fixed blades (102) are fixed above the rotating cutting blades (103) along the circumferential direction, and a guide container (104) is disposed below the rotating cutting blades (103).

3. The continuously feeding, stirring, friction additive manufacturing apparatus with adjustable composition gradient according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw conveyor mechanism (2) includes a housing (201) and a screw (202); The screw (202) is coaxially arranged inside the housing (201). The upper surface of the housing (201) is provided with a first feed port (203), and the first feed port (203) is located below the material cutting mechanism (1). The outlet at the end of the housing (201) is connected to the friction stirring additive manufacturing mechanism (3).

4. The continuously feeding, stirring, friction additive manufacturing apparatus with adjustable composition gradient according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction stir additive manufacturing mechanism (3) includes an inner shaft (301) and a housing (302); The inner shaft (301) is vertically installed inside the outer casing (302), and the inlet of the side wall of the outer casing (302) is connected to the outlet at the end of the screw conveyor mechanism (2).

5. The continuously feeding, stirring, friction additive manufacturing apparatus with adjustable composition gradient according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner shaft (301) is composed of a first clamping member (30101), a connecting member (30102), a feeding screw (30103), and a stirring needle (30104); The first clamping member (30101), the connecting member (30102), and the feeding screw (30103) are fixedly connected from top to bottom, and the stirring needle (30104) is fixed at the lower end of the feeding screw (30103).

6. A continuous feeding stirring friction additive manufacturing apparatus with adjustable composition gradient according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The outer side wall of the upper part of the housing (302) is provided with a second clamping member (30201) along the circumferential direction, the side wall of the housing (302) is provided with a second feed port (30202), and the bottom of the housing (302) is provided with a shoulder (30203).

7. The continuously feeding, stirring, friction additive manufacturing apparatus with adjustable composition gradient according to claim 1, characterized in that, The downward speed of the raw material at the fixed blade (102) in the material cutting mechanism (1) First raw material diameter Second raw material diameter Third raw material diameter The travel speed of the friction stir additive manufacturing mechanism (3) Additive manufacturing layer height Additive manufacturing layer The following relationship must be satisfied: （1）， In formula (1), Indicates the number of the first raw material. Indicates the number of the second raw material. This indicates the number of roots of the third raw material.

8. A continuous feeding stirring friction additive manufacturing apparatus with adjustable composition gradient according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The diameter difference between the screw (202) and the housing (201) is 0.3mm~1.5mm; the diameter difference between the inner shaft (301) and the outer shell (302) is 0.3mm~1.5mm.

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