Active equalization battery protection circuit

Abstract

The utility model discloses an active equalization battery protection circuit, which comprises a battery cell management chip, a central controller, a multi-selection switch network circuit, a buck-boost circuit, a super capacitor, a current acquisition circuit and a charge-discharge switch tube, the central controller is connected with the cell management chip, the multi-selection switch network circuit, the buck-boost circuit, the super capacitor, the current acquisition circuit and the charging and discharging switch tube, and the charging and discharging switch tube and the multi-selection switch network circuit are electrically connected with a load / charger. According to the utility model, the cell voltage can be acquired through the cell management chip, the highest cell voltage and the lowest cell voltage can be detected, the electric quantity of the highest cell is transferred to the super capacitor through the buck-boost circuit, and the electric quantity in the super capacitor is transferred to the lowest cell, so that the purpose of cell voltage equalization is achieved; and the condition that the endurance time and the service life are influenced because the low-voltage battery cannot be fully charged can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery protection circuit technology, and in particular to an active equalization battery protection circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Battery protection circuits are used to ensure the safe use of batteries, extend battery life, and avoid damage or safety accidents caused by improper use. Existing battery protection circuits typically cut off the power to the charging circuit directly when performing overcharge, overcurrent, and over-discharge protection, lacking the function of actively balancing the cell voltage. Due to individual differences in batteries and temperature differences, the battery terminal voltage may become unbalanced, causing high-voltage batteries to reach the charging limit first, triggering overvoltage protection and cutting off the power directly. This results in the entire battery pack being unable to continue charging, while low-voltage batteries cannot be fully charged, affecting the driving range and battery life. In view of the above, this application proposes an active balancing battery protection circuit. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an active equalization battery protection circuit.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] An active equalization battery protection circuit includes a cell management chip, a central controller, a multi-select switch network circuit, a buck-boost circuit, a supercapacitor, a current acquisition circuit, and a charge / discharge switch transistor. The central controller is connected to the cell management chip, the multi-select switch network circuit, the buck-boost circuit, the supercapacitor, the current acquisition circuit, and the charge / discharge switch transistor. The charge / discharge switch transistor and the multi-select switch network circuit are electrically connected to a load / charger. The charge / discharge switch transistor is electrically connected to the cell management chip and the multi-select switch network circuit. The buck-boost circuit is electrically connected to the supercapacitor, the current acquisition circuit, and the multi-select switch network circuit.

[0006] Preferably, the step-up / step-down circuit includes transistor Q1, transistor Q2, diode D2, diode D1, inductor L1, and capacitor C1. Pin 1 and pin 2 of transistor Q1 are electrically connected to the negative and positive terminals of diode D2, respectively. Pin 2 of transistor Q1 is electrically connected to one end of inductor L1, pin 1 of transistor Q2, and the negative terminal of diode D1. The positive terminal of diode D2 is electrically connected to pin 1 of transistor Q2. The other end of inductor L1 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C1. The other end of capacitor C1, the positive terminal of diode D1, and pin 2 of transistor Q2 are all grounded.

[0007] Preferably, the transistor Q1, inductor L1, diode D1 and capacitor C1 constitute a BUCK circuit, which is used to step down the voltage to charge the supercapacitor.

[0008] Preferably, the transistor Q2, diode D2, inductor L1 and capacitor C1 constitute a BOOST circuit, which is used to boost the voltage to charge the load / charger.

[0009] Preferably, the cell management chip is used to collect cell voltage and detect the highest and lowest cell voltage.

[0010] Preferably, the load in the load / charger is a battery.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] This invention can collect cell voltage through a cell management chip, detect the highest and lowest cell voltage, and transfer the power of the highest cell to the supercapacitor through a buck-boost circuit, and transfer the power in the supercapacitor to the lowest cell, so as to achieve cell voltage balance. This can effectively reduce the situation where low-voltage batteries cannot be fully charged, which affects the battery life and lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of an active equalization battery protection circuit proposed in this utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 The circuit diagram of the step-up / step-down circuit in the active equalization battery protection circuit proposed in this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 The circuit diagram of the BUCK circuit in the active equalization battery protection circuit proposed in this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 The circuit diagram of the BOOST circuit in the active equalization battery protection circuit proposed in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0018] Reference Figure 1-4An active equalization battery protection circuit includes a cell management chip, a central controller, a multi-select switch network circuit, a buck-boost circuit, a supercapacitor, a current acquisition circuit, and a charge / discharge switch transistor. The cell management chip is used to acquire cell voltage and detect the highest and lowest cell voltage. The central controller is connected to the cell management chip, the multi-select switch network circuit, the buck-boost circuit, the supercapacitor, the current acquisition circuit, and the charge / discharge switch transistor. The charge / discharge switch transistor and the multi-select switch network circuit are electrically connected to a load / charger, wherein the load in the load / charger is a battery.

[0019] The charge / discharge switch is electrically connected to the cell management chip and the multi-select switch network circuit, and the buck-boost circuit is electrically connected to the supercapacitor, the current acquisition circuit and the multi-select switch network circuit.

[0020] The step-up / step-down circuit includes transistors Q1 and Q2, diodes D2 and D1, inductor L1, and capacitor C1. Pins 1 and 2 of transistor Q1 are electrically connected to the negative and positive terminals of diode D2, respectively. Pin 2 of transistor Q1 is electrically connected to one end of inductor L1, pin 1 of transistor Q2, and the negative terminal of diode D1. The positive terminal of diode D2 is electrically connected to pin 1 of transistor Q2. The other end of inductor L1 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C1. The other end of capacitor C1, the positive terminal of diode D1, and pin 2 of transistor Q2 are all grounded. Transistors Q1, inductor L1, diode D1, and... Capacitor C1 forms a BUCK circuit, which is used to step down the voltage to charge the supercapacitor. Transistor Q2, diode D2, inductor L1, and capacitor C1 form a BOOST circuit, which is used to boost the voltage to charge the load / charger. This invention can collect the cell voltage through the cell management chip, detect the highest and lowest cell voltages, and transfer the power of the highest cell to the supercapacitor through the step-up / step-down circuit, and transfer the power in the supercapacitor to the lowest cell, so as to achieve cell voltage balance. This can effectively reduce the situation where low-voltage batteries cannot be fully charged, affecting the battery life and lifespan.

[0021] Working principle: During use, when charging the load / charger, the cell management chip collects the cell voltage, detects the highest and lowest cell voltages, and transfers the charge from the highest cell to the supercapacitor through a buck-boost circuit. Then, the charge from the supercapacitor is transferred to the lowest cell to achieve cell voltage balancing. At the same time, when the battery charges the supercapacitor, the BUCK circuit steps down the voltage to charge the supercapacitor, and when the supercapacitor charges the battery, the BOOST circuit steps up the voltage to charge the battery, achieving a bidirectional buck-boost effect. By balancing the cell voltage, the situation where low-voltage batteries cannot be fully charged, affecting the battery life and lifespan, can be effectively reduced.

[0022] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An active equalization battery protection circuit, characterized in that, It includes a battery cell management chip, a central controller, a multi-select switch network circuit, a buck-boost circuit, a supercapacitor, a current acquisition circuit, and a charge / discharge switch transistor. The central controller is connected to the battery cell management chip, the multi-select switch network circuit, the buck-boost circuit, the supercapacitor, the current acquisition circuit, and the charge / discharge switch transistor. The charge / discharge switch transistor and the multi-select switch network circuit are electrically connected to a load / charger. The charge / discharge switch transistor is electrically connected to the battery cell management chip and the multi-select switch network circuit. The buck-boost circuit is electrically connected to the supercapacitor, the current acquisition circuit, and the multi-select switch network circuit.

2. The active equalization battery protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step-up / step-down circuit includes transistors Q1 and Q2, diodes D2 and D1, inductor L1, and capacitor C1. Pins 1 and 2 of transistor Q1 are electrically connected to the negative and positive terminals of diode D2, respectively. Pin 2 of transistor Q1 is electrically connected to one end of inductor L1, pin 1 of transistor Q2, and the negative terminal of diode D1. The positive terminal of diode D2 is electrically connected to pin 1 of transistor Q2. The other end of inductor L1 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C1. The other end of capacitor C1, the positive terminal of diode D1, and pin 2 of transistor Q2 are all grounded.

3. The active equalization battery protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transistor Q1, inductor L1, diode D1 and capacitor C1 form a BUCK circuit, which is used to step down the voltage to charge the supercapacitor.

4. The active equalization battery protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transistor Q2, diode D2, inductor L1 and capacitor C1 constitute a BOOST circuit, which is used to boost the voltage to charge the load / charger.

5. The active equalization battery protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cell management chip is used to collect cell voltage and detect the highest and lowest cell voltage.

6. The active equalization battery protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load in the load / charger is a battery.

Images