Efficient dry distillation device
By adopting a tunnel kiln structure and a dry distillation unit with multiple U-shaped jackets, the safety hazards and insufficient capacity of existing dry distillation equipment have been solved, achieving a high-efficiency and safe processing capacity of 500 tons/day, while also miniaturizing the equipment and reducing investment costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423068160.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing dry distillation equipment has safety hazards and insufficient capacity, especially the sealing problem of rotary kilns, which leads to the leakage of flammable and explosive gases, and the processing capacity is usually less than 50 tons/day.
It adopts a tunnel kiln structure, with the four walls made of refractory and heat-insulating materials such as ceramic fiber or castable. It is equipped with multiple sets of U-shaped groove jackets and spiral cutters, which are fixed and do not rotate. Combined with the inner and outer jacket structure, it achieves sealing and efficient heat exchange, and increases the processing capacity.
It achieves a safe and reliable seal, eliminates the risk of flammable and explosive gas leakage, and increases production capacity to 500 tons/day. The equipment is miniaturized and requires less investment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223509833U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of dry distillation equipment technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency dry distillation device. Background Technology
[0002] Existing dry distillation equipment has two major unresolved drawbacks. First, the use of rotary kilns for dry distillation creates safety hazards due to the sealing issues between rotating and non-rotating sections. The syngas produced during dry distillation contains CO, H2, and CH4, which are flammable and explosive. Even with the best packing seals, rotary kilns must be replaced every 2-3 months. If the safety officer fails to detect leaks during on-site inspections, it could lead to a safety accident. Second, regardless of whether the dry distillate is garbage, straw, branches, or sawdust, or whether the product is activated carbon or syngas, the processing capacity of a single rotary kiln is typically 50 t / d, with none exceeding 100 t / d.
[0003] Existing carbonization technologies severely impact safety and production capacity. Therefore, we propose a high-efficiency carbonization unit to address these issues. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of the present invention, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents, and such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency dry distillation device that can solve the problem that existing dry distillation technologies seriously affect safety and production capacity.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a high-efficiency dry distillation device, which adopts the following technical solution: it includes a tunnel kiln, the four walls of which are made of refractory and heat-insulating materials such as ceramic fiber or castable, and the tunnel kiln is fixed and does not rotate, and the inner cavity of the tunnel kiln is provided with four sets of conveying components;
[0007] Each conveying assembly includes three U-shaped groove sleeves, three drive shafts, three spiral cutters, a first air supply pipe, and a second air supply pipe. The three U-shaped groove sleeves are fixedly installed between the left and right inner walls of the tunnel kiln cavity from top to bottom. A first sealing box and a second sealing box are fixedly installed at the left and right ends of each U-shaped groove sleeve, respectively. Each drive shaft is rotatably connected between the corresponding first sealing box and the corresponding second sealing box, and a spiral cutter is fixedly installed on the outside of each drive shaft. The three U-shaped groove sleeves are connected from top to bottom through the first air supply pipe and the second air supply pipe. The first air supply pipe is located to the left of the second air supply pipe. The bottom of the top two U-shaped groove sleeves are fixedly installed with a first feeding pipe and a second feeding pipe from top to bottom, respectively. The first feeding pipe and the second feeding pipe are located directly above the corresponding U-shaped groove sleeve.
[0008] Optionally, a drive motor is fixedly installed on the right side of each of the second sealing boxes, and the output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the right end of the corresponding drive shaft.
[0009] Optionally, a first connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the left side of each of the uppermost second sealing boxes, and a feed inlet is fixedly installed on the top of each of the first connecting pipes on the right side of the tunnel kiln.
[0010] Optionally, a second connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the right side of each of the first sealing boxes at the bottom layer, and the right side of each second connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the left side of the tunnel kiln, and a discharge port is fixedly installed at the bottom of each second connecting pipe.
[0011] Optionally, the inner side of the tunnel kiln is a sandwich layer, and an inner wall flue gas jacket is fixedly installed inside the tunnel kiln. Wall heat dissipation fins are fixedly installed on both the front and rear inner walls of the inner cavity of the inner wall flue gas jacket.
[0012] Optionally, each of the U-shaped groove sleeves has multiple inner groove ribs and outer groove heat sinks fixedly installed on its inner and outer sides respectively.
[0013] Optionally, multiple U-shaped groove jacketed hot air furnaces are fixedly installed on the right side of the tunnel kiln, and each U-shaped groove jacketed hot air furnace is connected to the interior of the adjacent U-shaped groove jacket. Multiple U-shaped groove jacketed flue gas outlets are fixedly installed on the top of the tunnel kiln, and each U-shaped groove jacketed flue gas outlet is connected to the interior of the adjacent U-shaped groove jacket.
[0014] Optionally, an inner wall jacketed hot air furnace is fixedly installed on the right side of the tunnel kiln, the inner wall jacketed hot air furnace is connected to the inner wall flue gas jacket, and an inner wall jacketed flue gas outlet is fixedly installed on the top of the tunnel kiln, the inner wall jacketed flue gas outlet is connected to the inner wall flue gas jacket.
[0015] In summary, this utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up a tunnel kiln, the inner wall of which is made of refractory and heat-insulating materials such as ceramic fiber or castable, and the tunnel kiln is fixed and does not rotate, ensuring good sealing, safety, and reliability, with no safety hazards: Traditional dry distillation technology uses rotary kilns, and the seal between rotation and stillness, whether using fish scale seals or graphite packing seals, is only suitable for sealing dust, but not for sealing gases, especially since gases such as CO, H2, and CH4 produced during dry distillation are flammable and explosive. Once the kiln is under positive pressure, gas overflow will lead to safety hazards. This dry distillation device is a tunnel kiln, which is fixed and does not rotate, eliminating the sealing problem of "rotation and stillness". Therefore, it can be unattended on site, with no safety hazards (the shaft of the screw conveyor extends outside the kiln, where the insulation material is up to 40 cm thick, ensuring good sealing, and the screw conveyor rotates slowly, and there is a sealing box at the root of the screw conveyor shaft outside the kiln, so in case of leakage, it can be directly introduced into the exhaust stack for venting).
[0016] 2. By setting up multiple U-shaped jacketed troughs, the heat exchange area of a traditional rotary kiln (diameter 1-1.5m) is calculated as: diameter × 3.14 × length. If the length is 10m, the heat exchange area of a traditional rotary kiln is: 1.5m × 3.14 × 10m = 47.1m². This distillation unit has an internal net width of 3m, a net height of 3.4m, and a length of 10m. It features a three-layer screw conveyor, with each layer's U-shaped troughs forming a jacket, dissipating heat in both upward and downward directions. The U-shaped troughs, when converted to straight lines, are not 3m but over 4m. Therefore, the three layers of U-shaped troughs = width 4m × five layers of steel plates × length 10m + net height of 3.4m on each side wall × length 10m = 268m², which is 5.7 times the heat exchange area of the traditional rotary kiln (47.1m²). This is the ratio of the smallest size of this dry distillation unit to the largest size of a traditional dry distillation kiln. Objectively, this dry distillation unit can install 8 screw compressors side by side instead of 4. Therefore, the capacity of this dry distillation unit can be increased by about 10 times compared with that of a traditional dry distillation kiln. The processing capacity of a traditional dry distillation kiln is 50 tons / day, while that of this dry distillation unit can be increased to 500 tons / day.
[0017] 3. The dry distillation device provided by this utility model is not only skid-mounted and miniaturized, but also has a small unit investment, a tunnel structure, and the main material is fire-resistant and heat-insulating material, which is inexpensive. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model from the left side;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped groove jacket structure of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model from the left side;
[0023] Figure 5 This is a front sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model.
[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Tunnel kiln; 2. U-shaped trough jacket; 3. Drive shaft; 4. Spiral auger; 5. First gas supply pipe; 6. Second gas supply pipe; 7. First sealing box; 8. Second sealing box; 9. First feeding pipe; 10. Second feeding pipe; 11. Drive motor; 12. First connecting pipe; 13. Feed inlet; 14. Second connecting pipe; 15. Discharge outlet; 16. Inner wall flue gas jacket; 17. Wall heat sink; 18. Inner trough rib; 19. Outer trough heat sink; 20. U-shaped trough jacket hot air furnace; 21. U-shaped trough jacket flue gas outlet; 22. Inner wall jacket hot air furnace; 23. Inner wall jacket flue gas outlet. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 The present invention will be described in further detail below.
[0026] Example 1, refer to Figure 1-5 In this embodiment, in order to solve the problem that existing dry distillation technology seriously affects safety and production capacity, this utility model discloses a high-efficiency dry distillation device.
[0027] The tunnel kiln 1 is constructed with four walls made of refractory and heat-insulating materials such as ceramic fiber or castable. The tunnel kiln 1 is fixed and does not rotate. The inner cavity of the tunnel kiln 1 is equipped with four sets of conveying components.
[0028] Each conveying assembly includes three U-shaped groove sleeves 2, three drive shafts 3, three spiral cutters 4, a first air supply pipe 5, and a second air supply pipe 6. The three U-shaped groove sleeves 2 are fixedly installed between the left and right inner walls of the tunnel kiln 1 from top to bottom. A first sealing box 7 and a second sealing box 8 are fixedly installed at the left and right ends of each U-shaped groove sleeve 2, respectively. Each drive shaft 3 is rotatably connected between the corresponding first sealing box 7 and the corresponding second sealing box 8, and a spiral cutter 4 is fixedly installed on the outside of each drive shaft 3. The three U-shaped groove sleeves 2 are connected from top to bottom through the first air supply pipe 5 and the second air supply pipe 6. The first air supply pipe 5 is located to the left of the second air supply pipe 6. The bottom of the two uppermost U-shaped groove sleeves 2 are fixedly installed from top to bottom with a first feeding pipe 9 and a second feeding pipe 10, respectively. The first feeding pipe 9 and the second feeding pipe 10 are located directly above the corresponding U-shaped groove sleeve 2.
[0029] Tunnel kiln 1: Used to house screw conveyors;
[0030] U-shaped trough jacket 2 inside the trough: used for screw conveyors to fall into the U-shaped trough;
[0031] The interior of the U-shaped groove jacket 2 is used to circulate high-temperature flue gas, allowing heat to be transferred to the dry distillate inside the kiln;
[0032] Inner wall flue gas jacket 16: used to carry high-temperature flue gas, maximizing the heat exchange area.
[0033] Each second sealed box 8 has a drive motor 11 fixedly installed on its right side, and the output end of the drive motor 11 is fixedly connected to the right end of the corresponding drive shaft 3.
[0034] Each of the uppermost second sealing boxes 8 has a first connecting pipe 12 fixedly installed on the left side, and each of the first connecting pipes 12 is fixedly installed on the right side of the tunnel kiln 1. Each of the first connecting pipes 12 has a feed inlet 13 fixedly installed on the top.
[0035] The material enters the feed inlet of the screw conveyor and is propelled by the screw cutter. It remains on the first screw conveyor for approximately 20 minutes until it reaches the kiln tail, where it becomes carbon powder and pyrolysis gas. It then falls into the second screw conveyor and is further propelled by the screw cutter 4. Upon reaching the top, it falls into the third screw conveyor, where it is again propelled by the screw cutter 4 to the top. The slag is discharged through the slag discharger, and the syngas is introduced into the next process (pyrolysis completed).
[0036] Each bottommost first sealed box 7 has a second connecting pipe 14 fixedly installed on its right side. Each second connecting pipe 14 is fixedly installed on the left side of the tunnel kiln 1, and each second connecting pipe 14 has a discharge port 15 fixedly installed at its bottom.
[0037] The tunnel kiln 1 has an inner layer, and an inner wall flue gas jacket 16 is fixedly installed inside the tunnel kiln 1. The inner walls of the inner wall flue gas jacket 16 are fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the inner wall. The wall heat sink 17 is fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall.
[0038] Each U-shaped slot jacket 2 has multiple inner slot stiffeners 18 and outer slot heat sinks 19 fixedly installed on its inner and outer sides respectively;
[0039] The high-temperature flue gas (600-800℃) in the third row of each U-shaped trough jacket 2 travels to the top, turns back upward, enters the second row of U-shaped trough jacket 2, continues to travel to the top, turns back upward, enters the first row of U-shaped trough jacket 2, travels to the top again, exits the kiln at about 300℃, and is drawn out by the induced draft fan outside the kiln to be sent to the drying equipment or exhaust stack for venting.
[0040] Multiple U-shaped groove jacket 2 hot air furnaces are fixedly installed on the right side of the tunnel kiln 1. Each U-shaped groove jacket 2 hot air furnace is connected to the interior of the adjacent U-shaped groove jacket 2. Multiple U-shaped groove jacket flue gas outlets 21 are fixedly installed on the top of the tunnel kiln 1. Each U-shaped groove jacket flue gas outlet 21 is connected to the interior of the adjacent U-shaped groove jacket 2.
[0041] Each row of the third row of screw conveyors corresponds to one U-shaped trough jacket 2 hot air furnace, which burns dry distillation gas to generate high-temperature flue gas, which is sent into the U-shaped trough jacket 2 at the bottom of the corresponding screw conveyor (if there are 4 rows of screw conveyors, i.e., 3 rows × 4 rows = 12 conveyors, there are 4 corresponding U-shaped trough jacket 2 hot air furnaces; if there are 5 rows of screw conveyors, i.e., 3 rows × 5 rows = 15 conveyors, there are 5 corresponding U-shaped trough jacket 2 hot air furnaces; if there are 6 rows of screw conveyors, i.e., 3 rows × 6 rows = 18 conveyors, there are 6 corresponding U-shaped trough jacket 2 hot air furnaces, and so on).
[0042] An inner wall jacketed hot air furnace 22 is fixedly installed on the right side of the tunnel kiln 1. The inner wall jacketed hot air furnace 22 is connected to the inner wall flue gas jacket 16. An inner wall jacketed flue gas outlet 23 is fixedly installed on the top of the tunnel kiln 1. The inner wall jacketed flue gas outlet 23 is connected to the inner wall flue gas jacket 16.
[0043] High-temperature flue gas flows through the inner jacket of tunnel kiln 1. This high-temperature flue gas is generated by the combustion of dry distillation gas in a hot blast stove 22 with an inner wall jacket, and is then sent into the inner jacket of tunnel kiln 1. The cavity between the high-temperature resistant steel plate and the refractory insulation material wall in this jacket is 5-20mm. The high-temperature flue gas is drawn out by an induced draft fan outside the kiln to the drying equipment or exhaust stack.
[0044] The specific working principle is as follows: By setting up multiple sets of conveying components, each conveying component includes three U-shaped groove jackets 2. The material first enters the corresponding U-shaped groove jacket 2 through the feed port 13. The drive motor 11 drives the spiral cutter 4 on the drive shaft 3 to rotate. The material is conveyed under the rotation of the spiral cutter 4 and reaches the corresponding U-shaped groove jacket 2 through the first feed pipe 9 and the second feed pipe 10 in sequence. Finally, it is discharged from the discharge port 15. When the material moves inside the U-shaped groove jacket 2, the hot air furnace of the U-shaped groove jacket 2 outside the tunnel kiln 1 starts to convey high-temperature flue gas into the adjacent U-shaped groove jacket 2. It enters the corresponding U-shaped groove jacket 2 through the first gas pipe 5 and the second gas pipe 6 in sequence, thereby performing dry distillation on the material. Finally, it is discharged from the flue gas outlet 21 of the U-shaped groove jacket. At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the hot air furnace 22 of the inner wall jacket is heated outside the inner wall flue gas jacket 16 and discharged through the flue gas outlet 23 of the inner wall jacket.
[0045] The wiring diagram of the motor in this utility model is common knowledge in the field, and its working principle is a well-known technology. The appropriate model is selected according to actual use, so the control method and wiring layout of the motor will not be explained in detail.
[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency dry distillation apparatus, comprising a tunnel kiln (1), characterized in that: The tunnel kiln (1) has four walls made of refractory and heat-insulating materials such as ceramic fiber or castable, and the tunnel kiln (1) is fixed and does not rotate. The inner cavity of the tunnel kiln (1) is equipped with four sets of conveying components. Each conveying assembly includes three U-shaped groove sleeves (2), three drive shafts (3), three spiral cutters (4), a first gas delivery pipe (5), and a second gas delivery pipe (6). The three U-shaped groove sleeves (2) are fixedly installed between the left and right inner walls of the tunnel kiln (1) from top to bottom. A first sealing box (7) and a second sealing box (8) are fixedly installed at the left and right ends of each U-shaped groove sleeve (2). Each drive shaft (3) is rotatably connected between the corresponding first sealing box (7) and second sealing box (8). Furthermore, each of the drive shafts (3) is fixedly installed with a spiral cutter (4). The three U-shaped groove sleeves (2) are connected from top to bottom through a first air supply pipe (5) and a second air supply pipe (6). The first air supply pipe (5) is located to the left of the second air supply pipe (6). The bottom of the two uppermost U-shaped groove sleeves (2) is fixedly installed with a first feeding pipe (9) and a second feeding pipe (10) from top to bottom. The first feeding pipe (9) and the second feeding pipe (10) are respectively located directly above the corresponding U-shaped groove sleeves (2).
2. The high-efficiency dry distillation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the second sealing boxes (8) is fixedly installed with a drive motor (11) on the right side, and the output end of the drive motor (11) is fixedly connected to the right end of the corresponding drive shaft (3).
3. The high-efficiency dry distillation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the uppermost second sealing boxes (8) is fixedly installed with a first connecting pipe (12) on the left side, and each of the first connecting pipes (12) is fixedly installed with a feed inlet (13) on the right side of the tunnel kiln (1) on the left side, and each of the first connecting pipes (12) is fixedly installed with a feed inlet (13) on the top.
4. The high-efficiency dry distillation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each bottommost first sealing box (7) is fixedly installed with a second connecting pipe (14) on the right side, and each second connecting pipe (14) is fixedly installed on the left side of the tunnel kiln (1) on the right side, and each second connecting pipe (14) is fixedly installed with a discharge port (15) at the bottom.
5. The high-efficiency dry distillation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel kiln (1) has an inner layer, and an inner wall flue gas jacket (16) is fixedly installed inside the tunnel kiln (1). The inner walls of the inner wall flue gas jacket (16) are fixedly installed with wall heat sinks (17) on both the front and rear sides of the inner cavity.
6. The high-efficiency dry distillation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the U-shaped groove sleeves (2) has multiple inner groove stiffeners (18) and outer groove heat sinks (19) fixedly installed on its inner and outer sides respectively.
7. The high-efficiency dry distillation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple U-shaped groove jacket (2) hot air furnaces are fixedly installed on the right side of the tunnel kiln (1). Each U-shaped groove jacket (2) hot air furnace is connected to the interior of the adjacent U-shaped groove jacket (2). Multiple U-shaped groove jacket flue gas outlets (21) are fixedly installed on the top of the tunnel kiln (1). Each U-shaped groove jacket flue gas outlet (21) is connected to the interior of the adjacent U-shaped groove jacket (2).
8. The high-efficiency dry distillation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner wall jacketed hot air furnace (22) is fixedly installed on the right side of the tunnel kiln (1). The inner wall jacketed hot air furnace (22) is connected to the inner wall flue gas jacket (16). An inner wall jacketed flue gas outlet (23) is fixedly installed on the top of the tunnel kiln (1). The inner wall jacketed flue gas outlet (23) is connected to the inner wall flue gas jacket (16).