Lighting and ventilating shaft for underground space

Abstract

The utility model is applicable to the technical field of underground shafts, and provides a lighting and ventilating shaft for underground space, which comprises a shaft body. The well mouth is communicated with the upper portion of the well body, and a mounting frame is arranged at an opening of the well mouth and is obliquely arranged; a reflective main lens is arranged at the upper part of the well body close to one side with larger inclination gradient of the mounting frame; a first light-reflecting secondary lens is arranged at the inclined lower position of one side, opposite to the light-reflecting primary lens, of the well body; a second light reflecting secondary lens is arranged at the inclined lower position of one side, opposite to the first light reflecting secondary lens, of the well body; through collaborative optimization of the daylighting skylight and the reflective lenses, natural light is introduced into the well body to the maximum extent, sufficient and uniform natural illumination is provided for underground space, and effective energy conservation and implementation of the environment protection concept are achieved; meanwhile, the ventilation system can efficiently adsorb and discharge foul air in the underground space, and the air quality is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of underground shaft technology, and in particular relates to a lighting and ventilation shaft for underground spaces. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the development and utilization of underground space has become increasingly important. However, due to their enclosed nature, underground spaces often suffer from insufficient lighting and poor air circulation, which not only affects the user experience but may also have negative impacts on people's health. Therefore, designing an efficient and reliable lighting and ventilation shaft to improve the environmental quality of underground spaces has become an urgent need in current underground space development.

[0003] Traditional underground space lighting and ventilation methods mostly rely on artificial lighting and mechanical ventilation. This method is not only energy-intensive, but also difficult to achieve ideal lighting and ventilation effects. Especially in some large underground facilities, such as subway stations and underground shopping malls, due to the huge space and dense flow of people, traditional lighting and ventilation methods often cannot meet the actual needs. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a lighting and ventilation shaft for underground spaces, aiming to solve the problems of high energy consumption and unsatisfactory effect of traditional artificial lighting and mechanical ventilation methods in underground spaces, especially in large underground facilities.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows: a lighting and ventilation shaft for underground space includes a shaft body; a shaft opening connected to the upper part of the shaft body, the upper end of the shaft opening being open; an installation frame provided at the open part of the shaft opening, the installation frame being inclined; limit slots provided at the four corners of the installation frame; a lighting skylight provided on the installation frame, with limit blocks provided at the corners of the lighting skylights opposite to the installation frame; a primary reflector provided on the upper part of the shaft body adjacent to the side of the installation frame with a larger inclination; a first secondary reflector provided on the shaft body at a slightly lower position opposite to the primary reflector; and a second secondary reflector provided on the shaft body at a slightly lower position opposite to the first secondary reflector.

[0006] Preferably, an underground space connection port is provided at a position slightly below and offset on the side opposite to the second reflective secondary mirror of the well body, and a transparent viewing window is provided at the underground space connection port.

[0007] Preferably, a number of reserved holes are provided on the side of the well body away from the underground space connection, and each of the reserved holes is connected to a ventilated branch pipe.

[0008] Preferably, several of the venting branch pipes extend into the interior of the well body and are connected to the same first venting main pipe.

[0009] Preferably, a blower is installed inside the well body, the adsorption end of the blower is connected to the first ventilating main pipe, and the discharge end of the blower is connected to the second ventilating main pipe.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the second venting main pipe extends through the wellhead sidewall and is connected to an exhaust pipe, and a protective cover is provided around the outside of the exhaust pipe at the wellhead.

[0011] Preferably, an annular sealing groove is provided on the upper surface of the mounting frame, and a sealing ring is provided on the side of the skylight opposite to the sealing groove.

[0012] Preferably, the inner diameter of the limiting slot is adapted to the outer diameter of the limiting block.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following main advantages:

[0014] Firstly, this device maximizes the introduction and utilization of natural light into the well body through the synergistic effect of the skylight and reflective mirrors. The skylight is securely installed on an inclined mounting frame with excellent sealing performance, effectively preventing the intrusion of rainwater, dust, and other external debris. The primary reflective mirror, the first secondary reflective mirror, and the second secondary reflective mirror are carefully arranged to ensure that the light entering from the skylight can penetrate deeply and be evenly distributed to every corner of the underground space, providing sufficient and uniform natural lighting for the underground space. This achieves both energy conservation and embodies the concept of environmental protection.

[0015] Secondly, this device can promptly adsorb and collect stale air from underground spaces, and then smoothly discharge it to the external environment through the exhaust pipe, thereby significantly improving the air quality of underground spaces. At the same time, a carefully designed protective cover surrounds the exhaust pipe around the wellhead. This design not only ensures the unobstructed flow of the exhaust pipe and effectively prevents blockages, but also provides a necessary safety barrier for the entire system, preventing external objects or personnel from accidentally entering, thus comprehensively ensuring the safety and reliability of the entire air circulation and exchange system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the left sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the right side of this utility model;

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Well body; 2. Wellhead; 3. Mounting frame; 4. Limiting slot; 5. Skylight; 6. Limiting block; 7. Main reflector; 8. First secondary reflector; 9. Second secondary reflector; 10. Viewing window; 11. Ventilation branch pipe; 12. First main ventilation pipe; 13. Fan; 14. Second main ventilation pipe; 15. Exhaust pipe; 16. Protective cover; 17. Sealing groove; 18. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order.

[0023] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0024] This utility model embodiment provides a lighting and ventilation shaft for underground spaces, such as... Figure 1-5 As shown, the system includes a well body 1; a wellhead 2 connected to the upper part of the well body 1, the upper end of the wellhead 2 being open; an installation frame 3 provided at the open part of the wellhead 2, the installation frame 3 being inclined; limit slots 4 provided at the four corners of the installation frame 3; a skylight 5 provided on the installation frame 3, the skylight 5 being provided at the corners on the opposite side of the installation frame 3; a primary reflector 7 provided on the upper part of the well body 1 adjacent to the side of the installation frame 3 with a larger inclination; a first secondary reflector 8 provided on the side of the well body 1 opposite to the primary reflector 7 and at a slightly lower angle; and a second secondary reflector 9 provided on the side of the well body 1 opposite to the first secondary reflector 8 and at a slightly lower angle.

[0025] It should be noted that traditional artificial lighting and mechanical ventilation methods in underground spaces are energy-intensive and ineffective, especially in large underground facilities where they are difficult to meet the needs. This solution achieves comprehensive optimization of the underground space environment through the precise combination of skylights 5 and reflective mirrors, as well as efficient fans 13 and ventilation systems. On the one hand, it maximizes the introduction and utilization of natural light, providing ample and uniform natural lighting for the underground space, saving energy and embodying the concept of environmental protection. On the other hand, it can effectively absorb and expel stale air from the underground space, significantly improving air quality. At the same time, the protective cover 16 around the wellhead 2 ensures the unobstructed flow of the exhaust pipe 15 and provides necessary safety protection for the entire system, comprehensively guaranteeing the safety and reliability of the air circulation and exchange system.

[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, the solution mainly includes a well body 1; the well body 1 serves as a vertical channel for introducing natural light and fresh air; the well opening 2 is located at the upper part of the well body 1, and its upper end face is open to allow light to enter;

[0027] At the opening of the installation wellhead 2, there is an inclined installation frame 3; each of the four corners of the installation frame 3 has a limiting slot 4 for fixing the skylight 5; at the corner of the skylight 5 opposite to the installation frame 3, there is a limiting block 6, which can be inserted into the limiting slot 4 of the installation frame 3, so that the skylight 5 is securely installed on the wellhead 2;

[0028] To maximize the use of natural light, the main reflector 7 is positioned on the upper part of the well body 1, near the side with the larger slope of the mounting frame 3. Its function is to reflect the light entering from the skylight 5, allowing it to penetrate deeper into the underground space. The first secondary reflector 8 and the second secondary reflector 9 are respectively positioned on the side of the well body 1 opposite to the main reflector 7, at an angle below. They further reflect the light, ensuring that the light can be evenly distributed in every corner of the underground space.

[0029] When natural light enters the well body 1 through the skylight 5, it is first reflected by the primary reflector 7, and then reflected by the first secondary reflector 8 and the second secondary reflector 9 in sequence, finally illuminating the underground space evenly.

[0030] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 3-5 As shown, an underground space connection port is provided at a position slightly below and offset on the side opposite to the second reflective secondary mirror 9 of the well body 1, and a transparent viewing window 10 is provided at the underground space connection port.

[0031] In this embodiment, the underground space connection is a passage between the underground space and the well body 1, allowing light and air to further enter the underground space. In order to maintain the transparency of the passage, a transparent window 10 is provided at the underground space connection. The transparent window 10 not only allows light to enter the underground space smoothly, but also provides a certain degree of safety protection to prevent objects or personnel in the underground space from accidentally touching the inside of the well body 1.

[0032] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 5 As shown, the well body 1 has several reserved holes on the side away from the underground space connection port, and each of the reserved holes is connected to a ventilated branch pipe 11.

[0033] In this embodiment, this arrangement allows turbid air from the underground space to be discharged into the well body 1 through the venting branch pipe 11.

[0034] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 5 As shown, several of the ventilation branch pipes 11 extend to the interior of the well body 1 and are connected to the same first ventilation main pipe 12.

[0035] In this embodiment, since the ventilation branch pipe 11 is connected to the first ventilation main pipe 12, the stale air in the underground can be circulated and exchanged through the first ventilation main pipe 12, further enhancing the ventilation effect.

[0036] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 5 As shown, a blower 13 is installed inside the well body 1. The adsorption end of the blower 13 is connected to the first ventilating main pipe 12, and the discharge end of the blower 13 is connected to the second ventilating main pipe 14.

[0037] In this embodiment, the adsorption end of the fan 13 is connected to the first ventilating main pipe 12, which can adsorb the turbid air entering the underground space from the ventilating branch pipe 11 and pump it to the exhaust end of the fan 13. The exhaust end of the fan 13 is connected to the second ventilating main pipe 14, through which the pumped air is discharged to the external environment, thereby forming a complete air circulation and exchange system.

[0038] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second venting main pipe 14 extends through one end of the wellhead 2 and is connected to an exhaust pipe 15. A protective cover 16 is provided around the outside of the exhaust pipe 15 in the wellhead 2.

[0039] In this embodiment, the air drawn in is discharged to the external environment through the exhaust pipe 15. In order to protect the exhaust pipe 15 and prevent external objects or personnel from accidentally entering the well body 1, a protective cover 16 is provided around the outside of the exhaust pipe 15 at the well opening 2. The design of the protective cover 16 can both ensure the unobstructed passage of the exhaust pipe 15 and provide necessary safety protection.

[0040] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, an annular sealing groove 17 is provided on the upper surface of the mounting frame 3, and a sealing ring 18 is provided on the side of the skylight 5 opposite to the sealing groove 17.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the sealing ring 18 and the annular sealing groove 17 are tightly fitted together, a continuous sealing surface is formed between them, which effectively prevents rainwater, dust and other external debris from entering the well body 1 through the gap between the skylight 5 and the mounting frame 3. At the same time, since the sealing ring 18 has a certain elasticity, it can adapt to the slight deformation or displacement that may occur during the installation of the skylight 5, thereby maintaining a long-term sealing effect.

[0042] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the inner diameter of the limiting slot 4 is adapted to the outer diameter of the limiting block 6.

[0043] In this embodiment, a tight fit and fixation effect between components are achieved through precisely designed size matching.

[0044] Working principle: The well body 1 of this device serves as a vertical channel, and its main function is to introduce natural light and fresh air; the well opening 2 is located at the upper part of the well body 1, and its upper end is designed to be open so that light can enter smoothly;

[0045] At the opening of the wellhead 2, an inclined mounting frame 3 is installed; the four corners of the mounting frame 3 are provided with limiting slots 4, and the four corners of the skylight 5 are provided with corresponding limiting blocks 6. These limiting blocks 6 can be precisely inserted into the limiting slots 4 of the mounting frame 3, thereby firmly installing the skylight 5 on the wellhead 2.

[0046] To ensure a tight seal between the skylight 5 and the mounting frame 3, a sealing ring 18 is provided on the side of the skylight 5 opposite to the sealing groove 17. When the skylight 5 is installed on the mounting frame 3, the sealing ring 18 will fit tightly against the annular sealing groove 17 on the upper surface of the mounting frame 3, forming a continuous sealing surface. This sealing surface can effectively prevent rainwater, dust and other external debris from entering the well body 1 through the gap between the skylight 5 and the mounting frame 3. At the same time, since the sealing ring 18 has a certain degree of elasticity, it can adapt to the slight deformation or displacement that may occur during the installation of the skylight 5, thereby maintaining a long-term sealing effect.

[0047] To maximize the use of natural light, the main reflector 7 is positioned on the upper part of the well body 1, adjacent to the side with the larger slope of the mounting frame 3. Its main function is to reflect the light entering from the skylight 5, allowing it to penetrate deeper into the underground space. The first secondary reflector 8 and the second secondary reflector 9 are respectively positioned on the side of the well body 1 opposite to the main reflector 7, at an angle below. They further reflect the light, ensuring that the light can be evenly distributed in every corner of the underground space.

[0048] When natural light enters the well body 1 through the skylight 5, it is first reflected by the primary reflector 7, and then reflected by the first secondary reflector 8 and the second secondary reflector 9 in sequence, finally illuminating the underground space evenly; in this way, the underground space can obtain sufficient natural lighting.

[0049] The underground space connection is a passage between the underground space and the well body 1, allowing light and air to further enter the underground space. In order to maintain the transparency of the passage and provide a certain degree of safety protection, a transparent window 10 is set at the underground space connection. The transparent window 10 not only allows light to enter the underground space smoothly, but also prevents objects or personnel in the underground space from accidentally touching the inside of the well body 1.

[0050] In addition, a ventilation system is installed inside the well body 1; the adsorption end of the blower 13 is connected to the first ventilation main pipe 12, which can adsorb the turbid air entering the underground space from the ventilation branch pipe 11 and pump it to the exhaust end of the blower 13; the exhaust end of the blower 13 is connected to the second ventilation main pipe 14 and the exhaust pipe 15, and the pumped air is discharged to the external environment through the exhaust pipe 15; in this way, a complete air circulation and exchange system is formed, which can effectively improve the air quality of the underground space;

[0051] In order to protect the exhaust pipe 15 and prevent external objects or personnel from accidentally entering the well body 1, a protective cover 16 is also installed around the outside of the well opening 2 around the exhaust pipe 15; the design of the protective cover 16 can both ensure the unobstructed passage of the exhaust pipe 15 and provide necessary safety protection.

[0052] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention.

[0053] It should be understood that the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other ways, given the several embodiments provided in this application. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units described above may be implemented in other ways in practice. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or communication connections shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; indirect coupling or communication connections between devices or units may be telecommunications or other forms.

[0054] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0055] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still combine, add, delete, or otherwise adjust the features of the various embodiments of this utility model according to the circumstances without conflict or creative effort, thereby obtaining different technical solutions that do not fundamentally depart from the concept of this utility model. These technical solutions are also within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A lighting and ventilation shaft for underground spaces, characterized in that, include: Well body (1); The wellhead (2) is connected to the upper part of the well body (1), and the upper end face of the wellhead (2) is open. An installation frame (3) is provided at the opening of the wellhead (2), and the installation frame (3) is inclined. Limiting slots (4) are provided at the four corners of the mounting frame (3); A skylight (5) is provided on the mounting frame (3), and a limit block (6) is provided at the corner position on the opposite side of the skylight (5) and the mounting frame (3); A reflective main lens (7) is provided on the upper part of the well body (1) near the side with a larger inclined slope of the mounting frame (3); The well body (1) is provided with a first secondary reflective lens (8) at an angled lower position on the side opposite to the primary reflective lens (7); A second reflective lens (9) is provided at a position slightly below and offset on the side opposite to the first reflective lens (8) of the well body (1).

2. A lighting and ventilation shaft for underground space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An underground space connection port is provided at a position slightly below the well body (1) on the opposite side of the second reflective secondary mirror (9), and a transparent viewing window (10) is provided at the underground space connection port.

3. A lighting and ventilation shaft for underground space as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The well body (1) has several reserved holes on the side away from the underground space connection, and each of the reserved holes is connected to a ventilated branch pipe (11).

4. A lighting and ventilation shaft for underground space as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Several of the aforementioned venting branch pipes (11) extend to the interior of the well body (1) and are connected to the same first venting main pipe (12).

5. A lighting and ventilation shaft for underground space as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A blower (13) is installed inside the well body (1). The adsorption end of the blower (13) is connected to the first ventilating main pipe (12), and the discharge end of the blower (13) is connected to the second ventilating main pipe (14).

6. A lighting and ventilation shaft for underground space as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second venting main pipe (14) extends through one end of the wellhead (2) and is connected to an exhaust pipe (15). A protective cover (16) is provided around the outside of the exhaust pipe (15) of the wellhead (2).

7. A lighting and ventilation shaft for underground space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the mounting frame (3) is provided with an annular sealing groove (17), and a sealing ring (18) is provided on the side of the skylight (5) opposite to the sealing groove (17).

8. A lighting and ventilation shaft for underground space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the limiting slot (4) is adapted to the outer diameter of the limiting block (6).

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