Adsorption type low-temperature hydrogen storage bottle
By utilizing a carbon-based microporous hydrogen adsorption mechanism and filter in an adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen storage cylinder, high-density hydrogen storage can be achieved under low temperature and low pressure. This solves the problems of high equipment cost, safety and energy consumption in existing technologies, and improves hydrogen storage efficiency and safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423149137.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing hydrogen storage technologies suffer from high equipment costs, safety issues, high energy consumption, and high raw material costs, especially in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, and magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage technologies.
An adsorption-type low-temperature hydrogen storage cylinder is adopted, which utilizes a carbon-based material microporous hydrogen adsorption mechanism to achieve high-density hydrogen storage under low temperature and low pressure. The hydrogen is filtered by a stainless steel wire mesh or ceramic filter, and the thermal insulation performance is improved by combining the outer and inner shell structure and the insulation layer.
Achieving high-density hydrogen storage at lower temperatures and pressures reduces equipment costs and energy consumption, while improving safety and adsorption capacity per unit volume.
Smart Images
Figure CN223511911U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen storage cylinders, and in particular to adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen storage cylinders. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, hydrogen storage methods mainly fall into three categories: high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, and solid-state hydrogen storage technologies. The first method is high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, which typically compresses hydrogen to ultra-high pressure (35–70 MPa) and stores it in specially designed high-strength hydrogen storage tanks, achieving an adsorption capacity of 350–700 L / L per unit volume. While this method has been widely used in industry and transportation, its high equipment manufacturing cost and safety concerns are frequent issues. The second method is cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, which liquefies hydrogen by cooling it to below -253°C for high-density storage, achieving an adsorption capacity of 6000 L / L per unit volume. However, due to the extremely low temperatures required for cooling and continuous thermal management, this technology faces significant energy consumption and high costs. Finally, magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage technology uses magnesium-based metals as a carrier to store hydrogen through chemical adsorption, achieving an adsorption capacity of 1000–2000 L / L per unit volume. Although it avoids the need for high-pressure hydrogen storage and cryogenic cooling, the technology faces significant challenges such as high raw material costs, high energy consumption for high-temperature desorption, and poor reversibility. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is: to address the technical problems described in the background art, this invention provides an adsorption-type low-temperature hydrogen storage cylinder. Through the strong adsorption capacity of a multi-microporous hydrogen adsorption mechanism for hydrogen molecules, high-density hydrogen storage is achieved under relatively low temperature and pressure conditions. The hydrogen is then filtered using a filter.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:
[0005] An adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen storage cylinder includes an insulating shell, a hydrogen adsorption mechanism, a filter, and a cylinder valve. The filter is installed on the cylinder valve and placed inside the insulating shell. The hydrogen adsorption mechanism is located inside the insulating shell. A safety valve is installed on the cylinder valve. The hydrogen adsorption mechanism is made of carbon-based material and has multiple nanopores distributed on it.
[0006] Specifically, the insulation shell includes an outer shell, an inner shell, a support plate, a filling valve, a heat insulation layer, a gas interface, and a vacuum valve. The inner shell is located inside the outer shell, and several support plates are fixed between the outer shell and the inner shell. A heat insulation layer is provided between the outer shell and the inner shell. The top of the outer shell is equipped with a filling valve, a gas interface, and a vacuum valve, and a gas cylinder valve is connected to the gas interface.
[0007] Specifically, the insulation layer is made of insulating sand.
[0008] Specifically, the micropores in the hydrogen adsorption mechanism have a pore size of 1-2 nm and a pore surface area of 3000 μm. 2 / g.
[0009] Specifically, the filter is a stainless steel wire mesh filter or a ceramic filter.
[0010] Specifically, the gas cylinder valve is a shut-off angle valve.
[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an adsorption-type low-temperature hydrogen storage cylinder. Through the strong adsorption capacity of the multi-microporous hydrogen adsorption mechanism for hydrogen molecules, high-density hydrogen storage is achieved under relatively low temperature and pressure conditions. The hydrogen is then filtered through a filter. Attached Figure Description
[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0014] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
[0015] In the diagram: 1. Insulation shell, 2. Hydrogen adsorption mechanism, 3. Filter, 4. Gas cylinder valve, 11. Outer shell, 12.
[0016] 13. Inner shell, 14. Support plate, 15. Loading valve, 16. Insulation layer, 17. Gas interface, 18. Vacuum valve. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
[0019] Combined with appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, an adsorption-type low-temperature hydrogen storage cylinder includes an insulating shell 1, a hydrogen adsorption mechanism 2, a filter 3, and a cylinder valve 4. The filter 3 is installed on the cylinder valve 4 and is placed inside the insulating shell 1. The hydrogen adsorption mechanism 2 is provided inside the insulating shell 1. A safety valve is installed on the cylinder valve 4. The hydrogen adsorption mechanism 2 is made of carbon-based material and has multiple nanopores distributed on it.
[0020] Specifically, the insulation shell 1 includes an outer shell 11, an inner shell 12, a support plate 13, a loading valve 14, a heat insulation layer 15, a gas interface 16, and a vacuum valve 17. The inner shell 12 is located inside the outer shell 11. Several support plates 13 are fixed between the outer shell 11 and the inner shell 12. A heat insulation layer 15 is provided between the outer shell 11 and the inner shell 12. The loading valve 14, the gas interface 16, and the vacuum valve 17 are provided on the top of the outer shell 11. The gas cylinder valve 4 is connected to the gas interface 16.
[0021] The outer shell 11 and the inner shell 12 are separated by a support plate 13, thus forming a double-layer structure that improves protection and heat insulation performance.
[0022] The insulation layer 15 is made of insulating sand. The insulation layer 15 can improve the thermal insulation performance of the insulation shell 1.
[0023] The micropores on the hydrogen adsorption mechanism 2 have a pore size of 1-2 nm and a pore specific surface area of 3000 μm. 2 / g. High-density hydrogen storage is achieved under relatively low temperature and pressure conditions through the strong adsorption capacity of the multi-microporous hydrogen adsorption mechanism 2 for hydrogen molecules.
[0024] Filter 3 is a stainless steel wire mesh filter or a ceramic filter. Filter 3 can filter impurities from the hydrogen gas entering the bottle.
[0025] Gas cylinder valve 4 is a shut-off angle valve.
[0026] Vacuum valve 17 is used to evacuate the space between outer shell 11 and inner shell 12. Filter 3, safety valve, and gas cylinder valve 4 are installed and connected together, and gas interface 16 is inserted. Dry nitrogen is used to dry and replace the internal space of inner shell 12, maintaining the internal nitrogen pressure at 5 kPa.
[0027] Low-temperature compressed hydrogen (5.0MPa, 100K) from the outside is introduced into the cylinder valve 4 of the storage cylinder through the filling pipe. When the cylinder valve 4 is opened, the low-temperature compressed hydrogen enters the inner shell 12. The kinetic energy of the hydrogen molecules decreases, and the hydrogen molecules are efficiently adsorbed onto the surface and micropores of the porous material of the hydrogen adsorption mechanism 2, gradually reaching saturation. When the cylinder valve 4 is closed, the adsorption capacity per unit volume can reach 1500L / L.
[0028] When releasing hydrogen to the outside, open cylinder valve 4, and hydrogen molecules on the surface of hydrogen adsorption mechanism 2 are desorbed and released until the pressure inside the storage cylinder drops to 5-10 kPa, then close cylinder valve 4.
[0029] During the storage and transportation of the hydrogen storage cylinder, when the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder continuously rises to 5.75 MPa due to external factors, the safety valve of cylinder valve 4 opens, releasing hydrogen to the outside until the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder is less than 5.75 MPa.
[0030] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen storage cylinder, characterized in that, It includes an insulation shell (1), a hydrogen adsorption mechanism (2), a filter (3), and a gas cylinder valve (4). The gas cylinder valve (4) is equipped with a filter (3), which is placed inside the insulation shell (1). The insulation shell (1) is equipped with a hydrogen adsorption mechanism (2), and the gas cylinder valve (4) is equipped with a safety valve. The hydrogen adsorption mechanism (2) is made of carbon-based material and has multiple nanopores distributed on it.
2. The adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation shell (1) includes an outer shell (11), an inner shell (12), a support plate (13), a loading valve (14), a heat insulation layer (15), a gas interface (16), and a vacuum valve (17). The inner shell (12) is provided inside the outer shell (11). Several support plates (13) are fixed between the outer shell (11) and the inner shell (12). A heat insulation layer (15) is provided between the outer shell (11) and the inner shell (12). The loading valve (14), the gas interface (16), and the vacuum valve (17) are provided on the top of the outer shell (11). The gas cylinder valve (4) is connected to the gas interface (16).
3. The adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insulation layer (15) is made of insulating sand.
4. The adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micropores on the hydrogen adsorption mechanism (2) have a diameter of 1-2 nm and a specific surface area of 3000 nm. 2 / g.
5. The adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter (3) is a stainless steel wire mesh filter or a ceramic filter.
6. The adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas cylinder valve (4) is a shut-off angle valve.