Agricultural and fishery compound ecological system

Abstract

The utility model relates to an agricultural and fishery compound ecological system, which belongs to the field of ecological systems and comprises a pretreatment tank, an aquatic plant degradation tank, a shrimp pond and a water storage tank which are communicated in sequence, the pretreatment tank, the aquatic plant degradation tank, the shrimp pond and the water storage tank are sequentially arranged in a step shape from high to low; the water collecting pipe and the water suction pipes are buried under the saline-alkali soil farmland; the shrimp pond is communicated with the reservoir through a first pipeline, an electromagnetic valve is mounted on the first pipeline, a water quality sensor for monitoring water quality parameters of the shrimp pond is arranged in the shrimp pond, the water quality sensor is electrically connected with a main controller, the main controller is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve, and the main controller is used for controlling the electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed according to the water quality condition of the shrimp pond. The ecological system can combine agriculture and fishery, the purpose of recycling drainage of saline-alkali land farmland is achieved, and water resources are saved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of ecological system, specifically relates to a kind of agricultural fishery composite ecological system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In China, saline-alkali soil accounts for 5% of the available land area, and it is an obstacle to high-yield and stable-yield fields in agricultural construction and a potential threat to the regional ecological environment, and it is also a huge land resource for promoting the sustainable development of agricultural production and the national economy in China.

[0003] The patent discloses a fish farming system using saline-alkali water, which utilizes the excrement of fish to promote the reproduction of alkali-loving microorganisms, thereby reducing the alkalinity of the farming water until it meets the standards.

[0004] The patent does not combine shrimp farming with agriculture, which cannot promote the sustainable development of agriculture, so it is necessary to combine shrimp farming with agriculture to build a composite ecological system combining agriculture and fishery. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] The utility model discloses a kind of agricultural fishery composite ecological system, which combines agriculture and fishery, realizes irrigation and Shrimp farming of saline-alkali soil.

[0006] The utility model discloses a kind of agricultural fishery composite ecological system, which includes pretreatment pool, aquatic plant degradation pool, shrimp pond and water storage tank in sequence; pretreatment pool, aquatic plant degradation pool, shrimp pond and water storage tank are set in ladder shape from high to low in sequence; it further includes water collecting pipe and multiple water suction pipes buried in saline-alkali soil farmland underground, and the water collecting pipe and multiple water suction pipes are used to introduce the underground seepage of saline-alkali soil farmland into the pretreatment pool; the shrimp pond and the water storage tank are connected by the first pipeline, and the electromagnetic valve is installed on the first pipeline; the water quality sensor for monitoring the water quality parameters of the shrimp pond is arranged in the shrimp pond, and the water quality sensor is electrically connected with the main controller; the main controller is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve, and the main controller is used to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve according to the water quality of the shrimp pond.

[0007] The saline-alkali soil washing water generated by irrigating saline-alkali soil farmland is treated in sequence by pretreatment pool, aquatic plant degradation pool and shrimp pond, so that the saline-alkali soil washing water becomes treated water that meets the irrigation conditions, and the treated water is mixed with natural water body in proportion and then used for irrigation of crops; the aquatic plants in the aquatic plant degradation pool remove ammonia nitrogen in the saline-alkali soil washing water, and the shrimp pond reduces the alkalinity and salinity of the saline-alkali soil washing water.

[0008] Further, in a plan view, the saline-alkali farmland is rectangular, one side of the saline-alkali farmland is the X direction, and the adjacent side is the Y direction; the axis of the water collecting pipe is along the X direction, and the axis of the water suction pipe is along the Y direction; the plurality of water suction pipes are divided into two parts, and the two parts of the water suction pipes are connected to the two sides of the water collecting pipe along the Y direction respectively;

[0009] The end of the water suction pipe close to the water collecting pipe is fixedly connected to the water collecting pipe and is connected; the end connected to the water collecting pipe is low in elevation, and the other end is high; the end of the water collecting pipe facing the pretreatment pool is connected to the pretreatment pool, and the other end is closed.

[0010] The design of the high end B and the low end A of the water suction pipe allows the underground seepage water to flow into the water collecting pipe naturally by relying on its own gravity.

[0011] Further, the bottom surface of the pretreatment pool is fixed with a baffle for reducing the flow rate of the sediment in the water body and allowing the sediment to settle; the number of baffles is multiple, and the baffle (11) is arc-shaped or wave-shaped.

[0012] The baffle allows the sediment to settle, thereby reducing the sediment in the saline-alkali farmland washing salt water, and the sediment in the pretreatment pool can be returned to the saline-alkali farmland in the subsequent process, thereby reducing soil loss. The pretreatment pool settles the sediment, thereby reducing the accumulation of sediment in the subsequent aquatic plant degradation pool, shrimp pond and water storage pool. The concave surface of the baffle faces different directions, which can generate vortex flow in the water body in the pretreatment pool, thereby prolonging the residence time of the water body in the pretreatment pool and increasing the possibility of sediment settling in the pretreatment pool.

[0013] Further, the end of the water suction pipe (3) away from the water collecting pipe (2) is wrapped with 68g / m 2 Non-woven geotextile.

[0014] The sediment entering the water suction pipe is reduced as much as possible, and the water entering the water suction pipe is not affected. The use of 68g / m 2 Non-woven geotextile can save costs.

[0015] Further, in a plan view, the top of the aquatic plant degradation pool is rectangular, and the bottom of the aquatic plant degradation pool is rectangular; in the Y direction, the shape of the aquatic plant degradation pool is trapezoidal; the upper base of the trapezoid is the top, and the lower base of the trapezoid is the bottom; the length of the upper base along the X direction is greater than the length of the lower base along the X direction.

[0016] The setting of the aquatic plant degradation pool with such a shape facilitates the planting of three types of plants. Submerged plants can be planted at the bottom of the aquatic plant degradation pool. Floating plants can float on the surface of the water in the aquatic plant degradation pool; emergent plants can be planted on the two side walls of the aquatic plant degradation pool along the Y direction.

[0017] Further, the bottom surface of the pre-treatment pool is a twisted surface, and the bottom surface of the pre-treatment pool has a lowest point, and the lowest point is O point, and the O point of the bottom of the pre-treatment pool is provided with a collecting device for collecting silt.

[0018] The silt settled in the pre-treatment pool can converge to the lowest point, so that the silt can be conveniently treated. If the bottom of the pre-treatment pool is a flat surface, the silt will uniformly cover the bottom, which is not conducive to concentrated treatment.

[0019] Further, the water storage pool is provided with a pump station for pumping water in the water storage pool 。

[0020] The treated water in the water storage pool is reused, and the treated water is mixed with the water body of the natural river in a certain proportion to irrigate crops in the saline-alkali farmland, so that the water resources are recycled. Advantages

[0021] The agriculture and fishery are combined, the aquatic plants in the aquatic plant degradation pool are degraded, the ammonia nitrogen in the salt washing water of the saline-alkali farmland is reduced, the South American prawns in the shrimp pond are used, the salt content and PH value in the salt washing water of the saline-alkali farmland are reduced, the treated water meeting the irrigation standard is reused for crops in the saline-alkali farmland, and the water resources are recycled.

[0022] The water collecting pipe and the water suction pipe are arranged, so that the underground seepage of the saline-alkali farmland can flow into the water suction pipe and finally flow into the water collecting pipe.

[0023] The aquatic plant degradation pool can plant three different types of plants, and the treatment of ammonia nitrogen is more reasonable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a top view of the system;

[0025] Figure 2 is a top view of the pre-treatment pool;

[0026] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the aquatic plant degradation pool;

[0027] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the pre-treatment pool and the collecting device.

[0028] 1, saline-alkali farmland; 2, water collecting pipe; 3, water suction pipe; 4, pre-treatment pool; 5, aquatic plant degradation pool; 6, shrimp pond; 7, water quality sensor; 8, water storage pool; 9, electromagnetic valve; 10, pump station; 11, baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0030] Embodiment 1: see Figure 1 A kind of agricultural fishery complex ecosystem, including several water suction pipes 3 and water collecting pipe 2 embedded in saline-alkali soil farmland 1 underground.In top view, the shape of saline-alkali soil farmland 1 is rectangle, saline-alkali soil farmland 1 is planted with salt-tolerant crops, and one side of saline-alkali soil farmland 1 is X direction, and the adjacent side is Y direction.

[0031] The axis of water collecting pipe 2 is along X direction, according to "Land Reclamation Project Planning and Design Specification (TDT2012-2016)", the depth of embedding of water collecting pipe 2 needs to consider the depth of crop tolerance, local depth of frozen soil layer and agricultural mechanization operation, in the embodiment, the depth of embedding of water collecting pipe 2 is 2.25m, the depth of embedding of the present scheme is taken as the reference depth of axis. According to "Farmland Drainage Engineering Technical Specification (SL / T4-2020)", the inner diameter of water collecting pipe 2 is not less than 80mm. The end of water collecting pipe 2 along X direction is M end, and the other end is N end, the M end of water collecting pipe 2 is blocked, and the N end is the drainage end of water collecting pipe 2.

[0032] In top view, the axis of water suction pipe 3 is along Y direction, water suction pipe 3 is fixedly connected on both sides of water collecting pipe 2 along Y direction, one end of water suction pipe 3 connected with water collecting pipe 2 and communicated is A end, and the end away from water collecting pipe 2 is B end, the B end of water suction pipe 3 is embedded less than the A end, that is, in view of the axis of water collecting pipe 2, the B end of water suction pipe 3 is high, and the A end is low, to ensure that the underground water of saline-alkali soil farmland 1 can flow from the B end of water collecting pipe 2 to the A end by gravity, and finally enter water collecting pipe 2. In view of several water suction pipes 3 on one side of water collecting pipe 2, the several water suction pipes 3 on this side are arranged in parallel along X direction. According to "Land Reclamation Project Planning and Design Specification (TDT2012-2016)", the depth of embedding of water suction pipe 3 needs to consider the depth of crop tolerance, local depth of frozen soil layer and agricultural mechanization operation, in the embodiment, the B end of water suction pipe 3 is embedded 1.85m, and the A end is embedded 2.25m. The spacing of water suction pipe 3 is arranged according to experience, in the embodiment, in view of the several water suction pipes 3 on the same side of water collecting pipe 2, the spacing of the two adjacent water suction pipes 3 along X direction is 92m. According to "Farmland Drainage Engineering Technical Specification (SL / T4-2020)", the inner diameter of all water suction pipes 3 is the same, and the inner diameter of water suction pipe 3 is not less than 50mm.

[0033] In this embodiment, the B end of the water suction pipe 3 adopts 68 g / m 2 The non-woven geotextile is wrapped. The non-woven fabric of 68 g / m 2 The non-woven fabric has the characteristics of stable performance, high strength, and continuous and effective water permeability and sand prevention. Compared with other filter materials, it is more economical.

[0034] In this embodiment, the water collecting pipe 2 and the water suction pipe 3 are both UPVC plastic pipes with smooth walls.

[0035] After the underground seepage generated after irrigating the saline-alkali farmland 1, the sand in the non-woven geotextile filter part enters the B end of the water suction pipe 3, and then flows from the B end to the A end of the water suction pipe 3, and then enters the water collecting pipe 2, and finally flows out of the water collecting pipe 2 from the N end of the water collecting pipe 2. The irrigation water for irrigating the saline-alkali farmland 1 is mainly mixed water composed of river water in nature and treated water of the system described below in proportion. The underground seepage flowing out of the N end of the water collecting pipe 2 is alkaline, and this alkaline water body is called saline-alkali farmland salt washing water.

[0036] The composite ecosystem also includes a pretreatment pool 4, an aquatic plant degradation pool 5, and a shrimp pond 6 connected in sequence; the pretreatment pool 4, the aquatic plant degradation pool 5, and the shrimp pond 6 are arranged in a high-to-low stepped manner, and the pretreatment pool 4 is connected to the N end of the water collecting pipe 2.

[0037] The saline-alkali farmland salt washing water is sequentially triple-purified by the pretreatment pool 4, the aquatic plant degradation pool 5, and the shrimp pond 6.

[0038] See Figure 2 In which, seen from the top view, the pretreatment pool 4 is rectangular, and in this embodiment, the length of the pretreatment pool 4 along the X direction is 50 m, the width along the Y direction is 50 m, and the depth is 1.5 m. The bottom surface of the pretreatment pool 4 is a twisted surface, and the bottom surface of the pretreatment pool 4 has a lowest point, which is set as point O. A plurality of baffles 11 are fixed to the bottom surface of the pretreatment pool 4, and in this embodiment, seen from the top view, the end surface shape of the baffle 11 is arc-shaped or wave-shaped, and if it is wave-shaped, a part of the concave surface of the baffle faces the direction of the incoming flow in the water collecting pipe 2, and the other part of the concave surface of the baffle faces away from the direction of the incoming flow in the water collecting pipe 2. The arc-shaped or wave-shaped baffle 11 can make the water body in the pretreatment pool 4 produce vortex flow, prolong the time of the water body passing through the pretreatment pool 4, and increase the possibility of sedimentation of the sand in the water body. When the water body in the pretreatment pool 4 flows to the aquatic plant degradation pool 5, the sand in the water body is slowed down by the baffle 11, and the sand in the water body settles on the bottom of the pretreatment pool 4. Finally, the sand will converge to point O due to the twisted bottom surface of the pretreatment pool 4. The collected sand in the pretreatment pool 4 needs to be treated subsequently, see Figure 4, the O point bottom of the pretreatment pool 4 is provided with a collecting device, in this embodiment, the collecting device is a funnel-shaped cylinder, specifically, a chamber is dug out at the bottom of the pretreatment pool, the collecting device is placed in the chamber, the top of the collecting device is connected with and communicates with the lowest point O point, the bottom of the collecting device is connected with a sludge pump through a pipeline, the sludge pump can regularly pump the collected sediment in the collecting device away from the collecting device through the pipeline, when the sediment is not pumped away, the pipeline is closed through the valve on the pipeline, so as to prevent the water in the pretreatment pool from escaping from the pipeline. The collected sediment in the collecting device is returned to the bottom mud of the shrimp pond 6, or returned to the saline-alkali land farmland 1 and the like. After the sediment in the pretreatment pool 4 is removed, the salt water in the saline-alkali land farmland is naturally flowed into the aquatic plant degradation pool 5.

[0039] See Figure 3 , seen from the Y direction, the aquatic plant degradation pool 5 is trapezoidal, seen from the top view, the pool top of the aquatic plant degradation pool 5 is rectangular, and the pool bottom is also rectangular. In this embodiment, the length of the upper end of the aquatic plant degradation pool 5 along the X direction is 80 m, and the width along the Y direction is 40 m; the length of the lower end of the aquatic plant degradation pool 5 along the X direction is 40 m, and the width along the Y direction is 40 m; the depth of the aquatic plant degradation pool 5 is 1.5 m, that is, seen from the Y direction, the height of the trapezoid is 1.5 m.

[0040] Three types of plants are planted in the aquatic plant degradation pool 5, which are submerged type, emergent type and floating type respectively.

[0041] Among them, the submerged plant is one or more combinations of Impatiens benghalensis, Potamogeton malaianus, Potamogeton pectinatus, and is planted at the bottom of the aquatic plant degradation pool 5. The planting density is 15-20 buds / clump, 20-30 clumps per square meter.

[0042] The floating plant is one or more combinations of Iris sibirica, Lemna minor, and Hesperocallis, and floats on the water surface of the aquatic plant degradation pool 5. The planting density is 27-33 buds / clump, 35-40 clumps per square meter.

[0043] The emergent plant is one or more combinations of Phragmites australis, Lythrum salicaria and Typha angustifolia, and the emergent plant is planted on the two side walls of the aquatic plant degradation pool 5 along the Y direction, with the roots under the water surface and the stems and leaves out of the water surface. The planting density is 10-20 buds / clump, 36-49 clumps per square meter.

[0044] The plants in the aquatic plant degradation pool 5 are used to absorb excess nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water body, and the aquatic plants can be regularly harvested as feed for shrimps in the shrimp pond 6, and the biological stalks produced by the aquatic plants are returned to the saline-alkali land farmland 1 for fertilization.

[0045] Seen from the top view, the shrimp pond 6 is rectangular, the length of the shrimp pond 6 along the X direction is 50 m, the width along the Y direction is 50 m, and the depth is 1.5 m. South American prawns are bred in the shrimp pond 6, and the breeding density is 100-300 per square meter3 The shrimp feces produced in the shrimp pond 6 are used to provide fertilizer for the plants in the aquatic plant degradation pond 5 or the crops in the saline-alkali land farmland 1. The South American prawn is a euryhaline shrimp, and its adaptation range to salinity is relatively wide. Its optimal growth environment is in a water body with a salinity of 1.5% to 2%. The shrimp feces produced in the shrimp pond 6 can promote the reproduction of alkali-loving microorganisms and reduce the PH value of the water body in the shrimp pond 6. The shrimp absorbs dissolved oxygen from the water through the gills during the growth process and excretes waste, including ammonia and other metabolic products. After these excretions enter the water, they can affect the chemical composition of the water, including the salt content.

[0046] See Figure 1 The water quality sensor 7 is arranged in the shrimp pond 6, including but not limited to a multi-in-one water quality sensor 7 with a model of OWL-SMART-W001, which can monitor the data of ammonia nitrogen, salinity, PH value, etc. of the water body and support remote data transmission through a 485 communication interface to the main controller.

[0047] The composite ecosystem also includes a water storage tank 8 for storing treated water meeting irrigation conditions. The shrimp pond 6 is in communication with the water storage tank 8 through a first pipeline, the height of the water storage tank 8 is lower than that of the shrimp pond 6, and the water body in the shrimp pond 6 can naturally flow into the water storage tank 8 through the first pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve 9 is installed on the first pipeline. If one of the ammonia nitrogen, salinity, and PH value of the water body in the shrimp pond 6 does not meet the requirements, the electromagnetic valve 9 is closed, and the water in the shrimp pond 6 does not flow into the water storage tank 8; if the ammonia nitrogen, salinity, and PH value of the water body in the shrimp pond 6 all meet the requirements, the water quality sensor 7 sends an opening trigger signal to the main controller, and after the main controller receives the opening trigger signal, the main controller in electrical connection with the electromagnetic valve 9 controls the electromagnetic valve 9 to open, so that part of the water body in the shrimp pond 6 naturally flows into the water storage tank 8, and part of the water body in the shrimp pond 6 is lost, and the subsequent water flowing out of the water collecting pipe 2 replenishes the shrimp pond; after the ammonia nitrogen, salinity, and PH value of the water body in the shrimp pond 6 do not meet the requirements again, the water quality sensor 7 sends a closing trigger signal to the main controller, and after the main controller receives the closing trigger signal, the main controller controls the electromagnetic valve 9 to close, so that the water body in the shrimp pond 6 does not flow into the water storage tank 8 again.

[0048] A pump station 10 is installed in the water storage tank 8 for pumping the water body in the water storage tank 8 to the saline-alkali land farmland 1 to realize irrigation of the saline-alkali land farmland 1. The saline-alkali land farmland washing water produced after irrigation is sequentially flowed into the water storage tank 8 from the pretreatment tank 4, the aquatic plant degradation pond 5, and the shrimp pond 6, realizing the water resource circulation of the ecological system. If the water body in the water storage tank 8 is insufficient to irrigate the saline-alkali land farmland 1, external natural water body is introduced for irrigation.

[0049] Embodiment 2: The difference from embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, there is no collecting device below the lowest point O point of the pretreatment pool 4, the pool bottom surface of the pretreatment pool is a complete surface, there is no hole capable of escaping the water body of the pretreatment pool 4 to escape, the water in the pretreatment pool cannot escape out of the pretreatment pool, the settled silt in the pretreatment pool is directly laid on the pool bottom surface of the pretreatment pool, and the silt in the pretreatment is collected. Only by taking appropriate digging tools, the silt can be taken out of the pretreatment pool, and the taken-out silt can be piled up in the bottom mud of the shrimp pond 6 or returned to the saline-alkali land farmland 1 and the like.

[0050] With the above ideal embodiments according to the utility model as the inspiration, through the above description, relevant staff can definitely make various changes and modifications without deviating from the technical thought of the utility model. The technical scope of the utility model is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of claims.

Claims

1. An agro-fishery complex ecosystem, characterized in that, It comprises a pretreatment pool (4), an aquatic plant degradation pool (5), a shrimp pond (6) and a water storage pool (8) connected in sequence; the pretreatment pool (4), the aquatic plant degradation pool (5), the shrimp pond (6) and the water storage pool (8) are arranged in a ladder shape from high to low in sequence; it also comprises a water collecting pipe (2) and a plurality of water suction pipes (3) buried underground in the saline-alkali land farmland (1), the water collecting pipe (2) and the plurality of water pipes (3) are used to introduce the underground seepage of the saline-alkali land farmland (1) into the pretreatment pool (4); the shrimp pond (6) and the water storage pool (8) are connected through a first pipeline, an electromagnetic valve (9) is installed on the first pipeline, a water quality sensor (7) for monitoring the water quality parameters of the shrimp pond (6) is arranged in the shrimp pond (6), the water quality sensor (7) is electrically connected with a main controller, the main controller is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve (9), and the main controller is used to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve (9) according to the water quality of the shrimp pond (6).

2. The agro-fishery complex ecosystem according to claim 1, wherein, In a top view, the axis of the water collecting pipe (2) is along the X direction, and the axis of the water suction pipe (3) is along the Y direction; the Y direction is perpendicular to the X direction; the plurality of water suction pipes (3) are divided into two parts, and the two parts of the water suction pipes (3) are connected on the two sides of the water collecting pipe (2) along the Y direction; The end of the water suction pipe (3) close to the water collecting pipe (2) is fixedly connected with the water collecting pipe (2) and is connected; the end connected with the water collecting pipe (2) is low in elevation, and the other end is high; one end of the water collecting pipe (2) facing the pretreatment pool (4) is connected with the pretreatment pool (4), and the other end is closed.

3. The agro-fishery complex ecosystem according to claim 1, wherein, The bottom surface of the pretreatment pool (4) is fixed with a baffle (11) for reducing the flow velocity of the sediment in the water body and allowing the sediment to settle; the number of the baffles (11) is multiple, and the baffles (11) are arc-shaped or wave-shaped.

4. The agro-fishery complex ecosystem according to claim 2, wherein The water absorbing tube (3) is wrapped with 68 g / m 2 Nonwoven geotextile.

5. The agro-fishery complex ecosystem according to claim 3, wherein, The upper end of the aquatic plant degradation pool (5) is a pool top, and the lower end is a pool bottom; the diameter of the pool top is larger than that of the pool bottom.

6. The agro-fishery complex ecosystem according to claim 3, wherein The bottom surface of the pretreatment pool (4) is a twisted surface, and the bottom surface of the pretreatment pool (4) has a lowest point, which is designated as point O, and a collecting device for collecting sediment is installed at the O point of the bottom of the pretreatment pool (4).

7. The agro-fishery complex ecosystem according to claim 3, wherein The water storage pool (8) is provided with a pump station (10) for pumping water in the water storage pool (8) out of the water storage pool (8).

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