Pull claw assembly, main shaft and machine tool

Abstract

The pull claw assembly comprises a sliding core, a pull claw, a pressing sleeve and an elastic component, one end of the sliding core is inserted into the pull claw, the pull claw can move relative to the sliding core in the axial direction, the sliding core is provided with a first guide component in the pull claw, the pull claw is provided with a first axial guide groove matched with the first guide component, and the elastic component is arranged in the first axial guide groove. The pressing sleeve is arranged on the sliding core in a sleeved mode behind the pulling claw, a limiting groove is formed in the rear end of the pulling claw, the pressing sleeve is provided with a limiting boss capable of being embedded into the limiting groove in the axial direction, the elastic component is arranged on the pressing sleeve in a sleeved mode and supported between the sliding core and the pressing sleeve in the axial direction, and the sliding core is provided with a second guide component in the pressing sleeve. The pressing sleeve is provided with a second axial guide groove matched with the second guide component. In the working process, the pressing sleeve and the pull claw cannot rotate under the action of centrifugal force, it is guaranteed that the upper limiting boss of the pressing sleeve and the upper limiting groove of the pull claw are matched smoothly in the circulating tool loosening and broaching process of the main shaft, normal tool loosening and broaching actions of the main shaft are achieved, and normal work and the service life of the main shaft are guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the spindle field, in particular to a kind of claw subassembly, spindle and machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The elastic element on the force multiplier claw subassembly used by the current spindle upper drawbar mechanism is compressed in the drawbar process, axial force is generated, and torque is also applied to the pressing sleeve, the limiting boss on the pressing sleeve extends into the claw end face limiting groove, and the pressing sleeve is pushed to move the claw;In the drawbar state, the claw position is different from the drawbar state position, the limiting boss on the pressing sleeve is axially separated from the claw end face limiting groove, and under the condition of long-term high-speed operation of the spindle, the pressing sleeve is subjected to centrifugal force and can rotate, and the radial position of the claw changes, and the limiting boss on the pressing sleeve and the limiting groove on the claw are misaligned;Lead to the claw cannot normally move to the drawbar position in the drawbar process, and then lead to the tool shank cannot be normally loosened, affect the normal drawbar function of the spindle. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses the purpose at least solves one of the technical problems existing in prior art, provide a kind of claw subassembly, spindle and machine tool.

[0004] The utility model discloses the technical scheme that the technical problem is solved is as follows:

[0005] First, a claw subassembly, including sliding core, claw, pressing sleeve and elastic component, the one end of the sliding core is inserted into the claw, the claw can be with the relative motion of the sliding core along the axial direction, the first guide component is arranged in the claw inside the sliding core, the claw is equipped with the first axial guide groove that cooperates with the first guide component, the pressing sleeve is sleeved on the sliding core behind the claw, the rear end of the claw is equipped with limiting groove, the pressing sleeve is equipped with the limiting boss that can be embedded in the limiting groove along the axial direction, the elastic component is sleeved on the pressing sleeve, and is supported between the sliding core and the pressing sleeve along the axial direction, the second guide component is arranged in the inside of the pressing sleeve, and the second axial guide groove is arranged in the pressing sleeve and cooperates with the second guide component.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the first guide component includes a first cylindrical pin, and the first cylindrical pin is installed in a first radial pin hole of the sliding core.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the first cylindrical pin extends radially outward from the sliding core and is embedded in the first axial guide groove of the claw, and the first cylindrical pin does not protrude from the outer circumferential surface of the claw.

[0008] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the second guide component comprises a second cylindrical pin, which is installed in a second radial pin hole of the sliding core.

[0009] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the second cylindrical pin extends radially outward from the sliding core and is embedded in a second axial guide groove of the pressing sleeve, and the second cylindrical pin does not protrude from the outer circumferential surface of the pressing sleeve.

[0010] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the pressing sleeve comprises a sleeve portion and a pressing portion arranged at the front end of the sleeve portion, the limiting boss is arranged at the front end of the pressing portion, the back side of the pressing portion forms a first axial end face, the sliding core is provided with a second axial end face at the rear of the pressing sleeve, and the elastic component is arranged between the first axial end face and the second axial end face.

[0011] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the elastic component comprises a wave spring.

[0012] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the outer circumferential surface of the pull claw is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove is provided with an elastic hoop, the outer circumferential surface of the sliding core is provided with a first sealing ring groove and a second sealing ring groove, the first sealing ring groove and the second sealing ring groove are spaced apart at a certain distance along the axial direction, the first sealing ring groove is provided with a first sealing ring, and the second sealing ring groove is provided with a second sealing ring.

[0013] The second aspect relates to a spindle, which comprises the pull claw assembly of any implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0014] The third aspect relates to a machine tool, which comprises the spindle of any implementation manner of the second aspect.

[0015] One of the above technical solutions has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects: The technical scheme of the utility model has the advantages that in the process of loosening the tool, the elastic component is compressed, and axial force and radial torque are generated to act on the pressing sleeve, the pressing sleeve is limited by the second guide component and cannot rotate, and the limiting boss on the pressing sleeve is smoothly extended into the claw limiting groove, in the process of loosening the tool, the claw is limited by the first guide component and cannot rotate, and the limiting boss on the pressing sleeve is smoothly extended into the claw limiting groove, in the process of pulling the tool, the claw is limited by the first guide component and cannot rotate, and the pressing sleeve is limited by the second guide component and cannot rotate, in the state of pulling the tool, the limiting boss on the pressing sleeve is separated from the limiting groove on the claw, but the pressing sleeve and the claw are respectively limited by the second guide component and the first guide component, under the condition of high-speed rotation of the main shaft, the pressing sleeve and the claw cannot rotate due to centrifugal force, the limiting boss on the pressing sleeve and the limiting groove on the claw are smoothly matched in the process of cyclically loosening and pulling the tool, the main shaft realizes normal loosening and pulling action, and the main shaft realizes normal work and service life.

[0016] The additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be partially given in the following description, some will become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, with reference to the following drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is a sectional structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] This part will describe the specific embodiments of the utility model in detail, the preferred embodiments of the utility model are shown in the drawings, the drawings are used to supplement the description of the text part in the form of graphics, so that people can intuitively and visually understand each technical feature and the overall technical scheme of the utility model, but it cannot be understood as the limitation of the protection scope of the utility model.

[0021] In the utility model, if the direction (up, down, left, right, front and back) is described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical scheme of the utility model, and is not indicative or suggestive of the technical features indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as the limitation of the utility model.

[0022] In the utility model, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, and "greater than", "less than", "exceed" and the like are understood as not including the number; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood as including the number. In the description of the utility model, if "first" and "second" are described, they are only used for distinguishing technical features for the purpose, and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0023] In the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words "set", "installed", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be fixedly connected, can also be detachably connected, can also be integrally formed; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected or capable of intercommunication; can be the communication or interaction relationship between two elements. The skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the utility model according to the specific content of the technical scheme.

[0024] Among them, Figure 1 And Figure 2 The reference direction coordinate system of the embodiment of the utility model is given, and the embodiment of the utility model is described below in combination with the direction shown in Figure 1 And Figure 2 .

[0025] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2The utility model discloses an embodiment provides a kind of pull paw assembly, including sliding core 100, pull paw 200, press sleeve 300 and elastic component 400, sliding core 100 is connected with pull rod in pull knife mechanism when using, it can move along axial under the drive of pull rod, one end of sliding core 100 is inserted in pull paw 200, the rear end of pull paw 200 is sleeved in the front end of sliding core 100, pull paw 200 can be relative motion along axial with sliding core 100, first guide component 101 is equipped in sliding core 100 inside pull paw 200, pull paw 200 is equipped with the first axial guide groove 201 cooperation with first guide component 101, first guide component 101 is matched with first axial guide groove 201, ensure that in pull knife, loose knife process, pull paw 200 cannot produce rotation relative to sliding core 100. Press sleeve 300 is sleeved in sliding core 100 in the rear of pull paw 200, press sleeve 300 can move on sliding core 100 along axial, the rear end of pull paw 200 is equipped with limit groove 202, press sleeve 300 is equipped with the limit boss 301 that can be embedded in limit groove 202 along axial, elastic component 400 is sleeved in press sleeve 300, and it is supported between sliding core 100 and press sleeve 300 along axial, elastic component 400 can be compressed deformation along the outer circle of press sleeve 300, second guide component 102 is equipped in the inside of press sleeve 300 of sliding core 100, press sleeve 300 is equipped with the second axial guide groove 302 cooperation with second guide component 102, second guide component 102 is matched with second axial guide groove 302, ensure that in pull knife, loose knife process, press sleeve 300 cannot produce rotation relative to sliding core 100.

[0026] Wherein, the second axial guide groove 302 can be the axial gap between the adjacent clamping jaw of pull paw 200, can also be the axial guide groove that is separately set up in pull paw 200, independent of the axial gap between the adjacent clamping jaw of pull paw 200.

[0027] The utility model embodiment's pull paw assembly working process is as follows: in the process of main shaft loose knife, sliding core 100 moves under the pull of pull rod in main shaft tool setting device, elastic component 400 is compressed and pushes press sleeve 300 to move along the outer circle of sliding core 100, the limit boss 301 on press sleeve 300 extends into the limit groove 202 of pull paw 200, pull paw 200 is pushed along the taper surface of sliding core 100 under press sleeve 300, and pull paw 200 is gradually opened to pull paw 200 and handle contact under the restriction of shaft core inner hole structure, and sliding core 100 continues to move, and contacts handle end face, and handle is pushed out, and loose knife is realized;In the process of pull knife, sliding core 100 moves under the reverse pull of pull rod in main shaft tool setting device, and the taper surface on pull paw 200 moves in the opposite direction under the pull of sliding core 100, and pull paw 200 is closed under the action of shaft core inner hole structure, and gradually contacts handle, and pull paw 200 continues to drive handle to move in the opposite direction, and handle and shaft core taper hole are tightly attached, and pull knife is completed.

[0028] In the process of loosening the tool, the elastic component 400 is compressed, and at the same time, axial force and radial torque are generated and act on the pressing sleeve 300, the pressing sleeve 300 is limited by the second guide component 102 and cannot rotate, so that the limiting boss 301 on the pressing sleeve 300 smoothly extends into the limiting groove 202 of the draw claw 200; in the process of loosening the tool, the draw claw 200 is limited by the first guide component 101 and cannot rotate, so that the limiting boss 301 on the pressing sleeve 300 smoothly extends into the limiting groove 202 of the draw claw 200. In the process of pulling the tool, the draw claw 200 is limited by the first guide component 101 and cannot rotate, and the pressing sleeve 300 is limited by the second guide component 102 and cannot rotate; in the state of pulling the tool, the limiting boss 301 on the pressing sleeve 300 is separated from the limiting groove 202 on the draw claw 200, but the pressing sleeve 300 and the draw claw 200 are limited by the second guide component 102 and the first guide component 101 respectively, and under the condition of high-speed rotation of the main shaft, the pressing sleeve 300 and the draw claw 200 cannot rotate due to the centrifugal force, so that the limiting boss 301 on the pressing sleeve 300 and the limiting groove 202 on the draw claw 200 cooperate smoothly in the process of loosening and pulling the tool of the main shaft, the normal loosening and pulling tool action of the main shaft is realized, and the service life of the main shaft is ensured.

[0029] The embodiments of the utility model increase the first guide component 101 and the second guide component 102, limit the rotation of the pressing sleeve 300 and the draw claw 200 due to the centrifugal force under the condition of ensuring the loosening and pulling tool stroke, ensure that the pressing sleeve 300 and the draw claw 200 can normally cooperate in the process of loosening and pulling the tool of the main shaft, realize the smooth loosening and pulling tool function of the main shaft, and the radial position of the part is relatively fixed in the process of tool changing, which helps to reduce the influence of tool changing on the dynamic balance of the main shaft, is favorable for reducing the vibration of the main shaft, and improves the working stability and service life of the main shaft.

[0030] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 , the draw claw assembly further comprises a jack 500, the jack 500 is assembled in the sliding core threaded hole, the jack 500 is provided with an internal hexagonal hole, and the position of the jack 500 relative to the sliding core 100 can be adjusted.

[0031] The first guide component 101 is provided with one or more, the first guide component 101 can adopt a boss, a bump, a pin, the first guide component 101 protrudes from the outer wall surface of the sliding core 100, and the like, for example, in some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The first guide component 101 comprises a first cylindrical pin, and the first cylindrical pin is installed in the first radial pin hole of the sliding core 100.

[0032] Further, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2The first cylindrical pin is radially outwardly extended by the sliding core 100 and embedded in the first axial guide groove 201 of the pull claw 200, and the first cylindrical pin does not protrude from the outer circumferential surface of the pull claw 200, thereby avoiding affecting the normal clamping function of the pull claw 200 on the tool shank.

[0033] The second guide component 102 is provided with one or more than one, and the second guide component 102 can be in the form of a boss, a bump, a pin, the second guide component 102 protrudes from the outer wall surface of the sliding core 100, and the like. For example, in some embodiments, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The second guide component 102 includes a second cylindrical pin, and the second cylindrical pin is installed in a second radial pin hole of the sliding core 100.

[0034] Further, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The second cylindrical pin is radially outwardly extended by the sliding core 100 and embedded in the second axial guide groove 302 of the compression sleeve 300, and the second cylindrical pin does not protrude from the outer circumferential surface of the compression sleeve 300, thereby avoiding affecting the stretching and contraction function of the elastic component 400 outside the pull claw 200.

[0035] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The compression sleeve 300 includes a sleeve portion 303 and a compression portion 304 provided at the front end of the sleeve portion 303, the sleeve portion 303 extends in the axial direction, the elastic component 400 is sleeved on the sleeve portion 303, the compression portion 304 is located at one end of the sleeve portion 303 and extends radially outwardly, a limiting boss 301 is provided at the front end of the compression portion 304, the limiting boss 301 is provided with one or more than one, the back side of the compression portion 304 forms a first axial end surface, the sliding core 100 is provided with a second axial end surface at the rear of the compression sleeve 300, and the elastic component 400 is arranged between the first axial end surface and the second axial end surface. The sliding core 100 acts on the compression sleeve 300 through the elastic component 400, and then acts on the pull claw 200 through the compression sleeve 300.

[0036] The elastic component 400 includes a coil spring, a disc spring, and the like. In some embodiments, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The elastic component 400 includes a wave spring, and the wave spring has a variable stiffness characteristic. The stiffness can be adjusted by changing different combinations of the height, width and thickness of the wave crest. The stiffness can also be adjusted by combining the number of sheets. Compared with the disc spring, the wave spring has the advantages of high strength, good flexibility, strong impact resistance, and the like. In addition, the wave spring has a compact structure, and under the same parameter conditions, the required installation space is smaller.

[0037] In some embodiments, see Figure 1The top outer circumferential surface of the pull claw 200 is provided with an annular groove, and an elastic hoop 203 is arranged in the annular groove.

[0038] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The outer circumferential surface of the sliding core 100 is provided with a first sealing ring groove and a second sealing ring groove, the first sealing ring groove and the second sealing ring groove are spaced apart at a certain distance along the axial direction, a first sealing ring 103 is arranged in the first sealing ring groove, and a second sealing ring 104 is arranged in the second sealing ring groove, and the first sealing ring 103 and the second sealing ring 104 play a sealing guiding role.

[0039] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a main shaft which comprises the pull claw assembly in any one of the above embodiments.

[0040] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a machine tool which comprises the main shaft in any one of the above embodiments.

[0041] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "example", "embodiment" or "some embodiments" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0042] Of course, the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or replacements without departing from the spirit of the present application. These equivalent modifications or replacements are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A puller jaw assembly comprising: The sliding core, the pull claw, the pressing sleeve and the elastic component are included, one end of the sliding core is inserted into the pull claw, the pull claw can move relative to the sliding core in the axial direction, the sliding core is provided with a first guide component inside the pull claw, the pull claw is provided with a first axial guide groove matched with the first guide component, the pressing sleeve is sleeved on the sliding core behind the pull claw, the rear end of the pull claw is provided with a limiting groove, the pressing sleeve is provided with a limiting boss capable of being embedded into the limiting groove in the axial direction, the elastic component is sleeved on the pressing sleeve and supported between the sliding core and the pressing sleeve in the axial direction, the sliding core is provided with a second guide component inside the pressing sleeve, and the pressing sleeve is provided with a second axial guide groove matched with the second guide component.

2. The puller jaw assembly of claim 1, wherein, The first guide component includes a first cylindrical pin installed in a first radial pin hole of the sliding core.

3. The puller jaw assembly of claim 2, wherein, The first cylindrical pin extends radially outward from the sliding core and is embedded into the first axial guide groove of the pull claw, and the first cylindrical pin does not protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the pull claw.

4. The puller jaw assembly of claim 1, wherein, The second guide component includes a second cylindrical pin installed in a second radial pin hole of the sliding core.

5. The puller jaw assembly of claim 4, wherein, The second cylindrical pin extends radially outward from the sliding core and is embedded into the second axial guide groove of the pressing sleeve, and the second cylindrical pin does not protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the pressing sleeve.

6. The puller jaw assembly of claim 1, wherein, The pressing sleeve includes a sleeve portion and a pressing portion arranged at the front end of the sleeve portion, the limiting boss is arranged at the front end of the pressing portion, the back side of the pressing portion forms a first axial end face, the sliding core is provided with a second axial end face behind the pressing sleeve, and the elastic component is arranged between the first axial end face and the second axial end face.

7. The puller jaw assembly of claim 1, wherein, The elastic component includes a wave spring.

8. The puller jaw assembly of claim 1, wherein, The outer peripheral surface of the pull claw is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove is provided with an elastic hoop, the outer peripheral surface of the sliding core is provided with a first sealing ring groove and a second sealing ring groove, the first sealing ring groove and the second sealing ring groove are spaced apart at a certain distance in the axial direction, the first sealing ring groove is provided with a first sealing ring, and the second sealing ring groove is provided with a second sealing ring.

9. A spindle characterized by, The pull claw assembly includes any one of claims 1-8.

10. A machine tool, characterized by The main shaft includes claim 9.

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