Multi-power-battery parallel-connection battery replacing system and electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-power battery parallel switching system and an electric vehicle, and the system comprises N groups of standard PACKs and a main battery management unit, each group of standard PACKs is connected with the main battery management unit after being connected in parallel, each group of standard PACKs comprises a first fuse, a switching switch and a battery string module which are connected in series, the battery string module comprises a BMU control module, a BMU execution unit, a second fuse and a series battery cell, the BMU control module is provided with a CAN bus, the BMU execution unit, the second fuse and the series battery cell are connected in sequence, the switching switch, the first fuse and the second fuse are all in communication connection with the main battery management unit, and the series battery cell is formed by connecting at least two battery cells in series. And the main battery management unit communicates with the BMU control module, and is used for quickly responding when a fault occurs, isolating a fault module and notifying maintenance to ensure that other battery packs continue to operate normally, so that the safety, maintainability and reliability of the system are improved, and the service life of the system is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of multi-power battery, in particular to a multi-power battery parallel charging system and an electric vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, power batteries, as one of the core components, have received extensive attention and research. Common battery parallel technology includes DC-DC, software parallel, and power management solutions using diodes and switches. Different solutions have advantages and disadvantages in different dimensions. At present, power batteries have made significant progress in energy density, life, safety, etc. In order to meet the high-power application requirements of electric vehicles, the existing technology usually adopts several hundred groups of power batteries in series and parallel to form a power battery system to power the electric vehicle. In the design of the overall system, fuses are usually used to protect the battery from overcurrent and short circuit damage. However, these fuses usually work independently, lack effective coordination mechanisms, and cannot accurately locate and isolate the fault point in time when a fault occurs, thereby affecting the safety and maintainability of the system.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-power battery parallel charging system to improve the safety of electric vehicles. INNOVATION CONTENT

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-power battery parallel charging system to improve the safety of electric vehicles.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a multi-power battery parallel charging system, comprising: N groups of standard PACK and a main battery management unit, each group of the standard PACK is connected in parallel and then connected with the main battery management unit, each group of the standard PACK comprises a first fuse, a switching switch and a battery string module connected in series, the battery string module comprises a BMU control module provided with a CAN bus and sequentially connected BMU execution units, a second fuse and a series battery cell, the switching switch, the first fuse and the second fuse are in communication connection with the main battery management unit, and the series battery cell comprises at least two battery cells connected in series.

[0006] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the N+1 group of standard PACK is connected in parallel with the N group of standard PACK.

[0007] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the standard PACK is a combination of one or more power sources of lithium iron phosphate, sodium battery or solid-state battery.

[0008] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the BMU execution unit comprises a charging control module, a discharging control module and a current sampling element, the charging control module and the discharging control module are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the current sampling element.

[0009] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the charging control module comprises a first diode and a first switch connected in series, the anode of the first diode is connected to the first switch, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the current sampling element.

[0010] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the discharging control module comprises a second diode and a second switch connected in series, the cathode of the second diode is connected to the second switch, and the anode of the second diode is connected to the current sampling element.

[0011] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the first switch is any one of a DC contactor, a solid-state relay or a contactless switch.

[0012] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the second switch is any one of a DC contactor, a solid-state relay or a contactless switch.

[0013] Embodiments of the present application provide an electric vehicle comprising any one of a multi-power battery parallel battery swapping system, comprising a vehicle body and a truss structure supporting the vehicle body, the truss structure comprising: a first side and a second side that are symmetrically balanced with each other, and;

[0014] A battery compartment is at least symmetrically distributed on the first side and the second side, the standard PACK is arranged in the battery compartment and the standard PACK is allowed to enter or exit the battery compartment in the horizontal direction.

[0015] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the battery compartment is provided with a charging and discharging interface, the charging and discharging interface is connected to the standard pack, so that the charging and discharging interface allows direct charging or discharging of the standard pack.

[0016] The multi-power battery parallel battery replacement system and the electric vehicle provided by the application realize real-time monitoring and control of each standard PACK through the cooperative work of the main battery management unit and each standard PACK and battery string module. The first fuse, the second fuse and the on-off switch arranged in each battery pack can quickly cut off the fault circuit when short circuit or overcurrent occurs, prevent the fault from spreading to other battery modules, and improve the safety of the system. The main battery management unit communicates with the BMU control module in each standard PACK, the BMU control module can quickly respond when a fault occurs in a certain battery module, isolate the fault module and notify maintenance, while ensuring the normal operation of other battery packs, thereby improving the safety and maintainability of the system, and improving the reliability and service life of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the composition structure of a multi-power battery parallel battery replacement system according to an embodiment of the application.

[0018] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the composition structure of a battery string module according to an embodiment of the application.

[0019] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a charging control module, a discharging control module and a current sampling element according to an embodiment of the application.

[0020] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the application.

[0021] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of an electric vehicle from another perspective according to an embodiment of the application.

[0022] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of a truss structure and a battery compartment according to an embodiment of the application.

[0023] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a truss structure, a battery compartment and a standard PACK according to an embodiment of the application.

[0024] Figure 8 FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the A direction of the truss structure according to an embodiment of the application.

[0025] Figure 9 FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the A-A direction. Figure 8

[0026] Explanation of main element symbols

[0027] ​100. A multi-power battery parallel battery swap system; 10. a standard PACK; 20. a main battery management unit; 11. a first fuse; 12. a switching switch; 13. a battery string module; 131. a BMU control module; 132. a BMU execution unit; 133. a second fuse; 134. a series of battery cells; 1321. a charging control module; 1322. a discharging control module; 1323. a current sampling element; 1. a first diode; 2. a first switch; 3. a second diode; 4. a second switch;

[0028] 200. An electric vehicle; 210. a vehicle body; 220. a truss structure; 221. a first side; 222. a second side; 230. a battery compartment; 231. a charging and discharging interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are shown by the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all.

[0030] It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there can be a middle component. When a component is considered to be "provided" on another component, it can be directly provided on the other component or there can be a middle component. The terms "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", and the like used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0031] The embodiments of the present application provide a multi-power battery parallel battery swap system, comprising: N groups of standard PACK and a main battery management unit, each group of the standard PACK is connected in parallel and then connected with the main battery management unit, each group of the standard PACK comprises a first fuse, a switching switch and a battery string module connected in series, the battery string module comprises a BMU control module provided with a CAN bus and a BMU execution unit, a second fuse and a series of battery cells connected in sequence, the switching switch, the first fuse and the second fuse are in communication connection with the main battery management unit, and the series of battery cells comprises at least two battery cells connected in series.

[0032] The multi-power battery parallel battery replacement system and the electric vehicle provided by the application can realize real-time monitoring and control of each standard PACK through the cooperative work of the main battery management unit and each standard PACK and battery string module. The first fuse, the second fuse and the on-off switch arranged in each battery pack can quickly cut off the fault circuit when short circuit or overcurrent occurs, prevent the fault from spreading to other battery modules and improve the safety of the system. The main battery management unit communicates with the BMU control module in each standard PACK, the BMU control module can quickly respond when a fault occurs in a certain battery module, isolate the fault module and inform the maintenance, while ensuring the normal operation of other battery packs, thereby improving the safety and maintainability of the system and prolonging the service life of the system.

[0033] Some embodiments of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0034] According to Figures 1-9 , the multi-power battery parallel battery replacement system 100 provided in the embodiments of the application includes N groups of standard PACKs 10 and a main battery management unit 20. Each group of the standard PACKs 10 is connected in parallel and then connected to the main battery management unit 20. Each group of the standard PACKs 10 includes a first fuse 11, an on-off switch 12 and a battery string module 13 connected in series. The battery string module 13 includes a BMU control module 131 provided with a CAN bus and sequentially connected BMU execution units 132, a second fuse 133 and a series battery cell 134. The on-off switch 12, the first fuse 11 and the second fuse 133 are all communicatively connected to the main battery management unit 20. The series battery cell 134 includes at least two battery cells connected in series.

[0035] Specifically, the BMU control module 131 provided with a CAN bus is connected to the main battery management unit 20 through the CAN bus. The main battery management unit 20 is responsible for the global monitoring and control of the entire power battery system. The main battery management unit 20 communicates with the BMU control module 131 in each standard PACK 10 to monitor the state of the entire battery system in real time, including the voltage, current, temperature and other key information of each battery group. Since each battery pack is responsible for the local monitoring of its own battery group, the BCU can integrate and analyze the data of the entire system to ensure the work balance between the battery groups.

[0036] Further, each standard PACK 10 is a single product, and can be replaced when the single standard PACK 10 battery is insufficient. When a standard PACK 10 needs to be replaced, the main battery management unit 20 controls the on-off switch 12 on the corresponding standard PACK 10 to disconnect from the system, ensuring safety and stable operation of the system during replacement. After replacing the new standard PACK 10, the main battery management unit 20 re-detects the overall system state to control the on-off switch 12 to close again. The first fuse 11 is usually located at the input end of the standard PACK 10, and is mainly responsible for primary overcurrent and short circuit protection of the entire battery string module 13. The second fuse 133 is connected in series between the BMU execution unit 132 and the series cells 134 of the battery string module 13, and is used for safety protection of the internal battery string module 13 when a fault occurs between the BMU execution unit 132 and the series cells 134. When the second fuse 133 changes, the change information and data are transmitted to the BMU control module 131, and then transmitted to the connected main battery management unit 20 through the BMU control module 131. The main battery management unit 20 monitors the disconnection of the first fuse 11 and the second fuse 133, and when the first fuse 11 or the second fuse 133 is disconnected, the main battery management unit 20 can locate the current fault position according to the current position of the first fuse 11 or the second fuse 133, thereby quickly isolating the faulty battery and greatly improving the safety and maintainability of the system.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the N+1 group of standard PACK 10 is connected in parallel with the N group of standard PACK 10.

[0038] Specifically, in the present application, multiple groups of standard PACK 10 are connected in parallel to form a multiple power battery pack to provide the required electric energy for vehicle driving. Even if a standard PACK 10 fails, it will not affect the normal operation of the vehicle. The N+1 group of standard PACK 10 can be used as a backup series cell 134 when other battery string modules 13 fail, and can be replaced to ensure continuous operation of the system. The N+1 group of standard PACK 10 can not only be used as a backup series cell 134 to improve the redundancy of the system, but also can be connected in parallel to the battery pack as needed for unified use to increase the energy storage capacity or output power.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the standard PACK 10 is a combination of one or more power sources of lithium iron phosphate, sodium battery, or solid-state battery.

[0040] Specifically, the power sources of each standard PACK 10 can be different and can be flexibly configured according to actual needs. The combined use of different power sources can not only improve the overall performance of the electric vehicle, but also reduce costs, improve safety, and adapt to different application scenarios

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the BMU execution unit 132 includes a charging control module 1321, a discharging control module 1322, and a current sampling element 1323. The charging control module 1321 and the discharging control module 1322 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the current sampling element 1323.

[0042] Specifically, in the present application, it also has the functions of charging and discharging. When the battery needs to be charged, the charging control module 1321 controls the opening of the charging circuit to allow the charging current to pass through, thereby charging the current standard PACK 10. At the same time, the current sampling element 1323 detects the size of the charging current to prevent overcurrent phenomenon. When the load needs to be powered, the discharging control module 1322 opens the discharging circuit to allow the current to output from the battery and provide power to the load through the current sampling element 1323. The charging control module 1321 and the discharging control module 1322 are connected in parallel in the circuit. When the system needs to be charged, the charging control module 1321 opens the charging path. When the system needs to be discharged, the discharging control module 1322 opens the discharging path. Their parallel relationship allows the same circuit to be controlled whether in charging or discharging state, thereby avoiding conflicts between charging and discharging in inappropriate situations, resulting in damage.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the charging control module 1321 includes a first diode 1 and a first switch 2 connected in series. The anode of the first diode 1 is connected to the first switch 2, and the cathode of the first diode 1 is connected to the current sampling element 1323.

[0044] Specifically, the first diode 1 is a reverse diode. During the charging process, the current flows from the cathode to the anode of the first diode 1, and then to the series battery 134 to charge the series battery 134. This ensures that the current can only flow into the battery in one direction, avoiding reverse current damage to the battery or other components. The first switch 2 is responsible for controlling the opening or closing of the charging circuit. The BMU control module 131 controls the closing of the first switch 2. When charging, the current flows through the current sampling element 1323, and the current sampling element 1323 feeds back the current size of the charging circuit to the BMU control module 131. The BMU control module 131 further transmits the data to the main battery control unit for analysis, thereby adjusting the charging current or determining whether to stop charging. When full, the BMU control module 131 will disconnect the first switch 2 to cut off the charging path and prevent overcharging of the battery.

[0045] In an embodiment, the discharge control module 1322 comprises a second diode 3 and a second switch 4 connected in series, a negative terminal of the second diode 3 is connected to the second switch 4, and a positive terminal of the second diode 3 is connected to the current sampling element 1323.

[0046] Specifically, the second diode 3 is a non-reverse diode. During discharging, the current direction is from the series battery 134, through the current sampling element 1323 and the second diode 3 in turn, and finally into the load. When power is needed to be supplied to the load, the main battery management unit 20 controls the second switch 4 to be closed, allowing the current to flow from the battery to the load. When discharging, after the current flows through the current sampling element 1323, the current sampling element 1323 feeds the current size of the discharging loop to the BMU control module 131, which further transmits the data to the main battery control unit through the CAN bus for analysis. If the discharging current is too large or abnormal, the BMU control module 131 can adjust the discharging rate or close the discharging loop according to the data of the current sampling element 1323 to protect the battery and the system.

[0047] In an embodiment, the first switch 2 is any one of a DC contactor, a solid-state relay, or a contactless switch.

[0048] Specifically, the first switch 2 is any one of a DC contactor, a solid-state relay, or a contactless switch, and the type of switch can be selected according to actual requirements.

[0049] In an embodiment, the second switch 4 is any one of a DC contactor, a solid-state relay, or a contactless switch.

[0050] Specifically, the second switch 4 is any one of a DC contactor, a solid-state relay, or a contactless switch, and the type of switch can be selected according to actual requirements.

[0051] The application provides an electric vehicle 200 comprising any one of the multiple-power battery parallel battery swapping systems 100, comprising a vehicle body 210 and a truss structure 220 supporting the vehicle body, the truss structure 220 comprising: a first side 221 and a second side 222 that are mutually symmetrical and balanced, and a battery compartment 230, the battery compartment 230 being at least symmetrically distributed on the first side 221 and the second side 222, and the standard PACK 10 being arranged in the battery compartment 230 and allowing the standard PACK 10 to enter or exit the battery compartment 230 in a horizontal direction.

[0052] Specifically, the electric vehicle 200 adopts the above-mentioned multi-power battery parallel battery replacement system, so that the electric vehicle can realize the function of quickly replacing the battery, improve the endurance of the truck, reduce the charging time, improve the overall operation efficiency, and reduce the maintenance cost. The standard PACK 10 is placed in the battery compartment 220 of the electric vehicle, which ensures the stability and safety of the battery system, and is convenient for maintenance and replacement.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, the battery compartment 220 is provided with a charging and discharging interface 221, and the charging and discharging interface 221 is connected to the standard pack, so that the charging and discharging interface 221 allows direct charging or discharging of the standard pack.

[0054] Specifically, the battery compartment 220 is connected to the charging and discharging interface 221, when charging is needed, the external power supply delivers power to the battery through the charging and discharging interface 221; and when discharging is needed, the power is delivered out through the same interface.

[0055] Therefore, the above-mentioned multi-power battery parallel battery replacement system 100 and electric vehicle 200, by designing the cooperative work of the main battery management unit 20 and each standard PACK 10 and battery string module 13, realize the real-time monitoring and control of each standard PACK 10. Each battery pack is provided with a first fuse 11, a second fuse 133 and a switching switch 12, which can quickly cut off the fault circuit when short circuit or overcurrent occurs, prevent the fault from spreading to other battery modules, and improve the safety of the system; the main battery management unit 20 communicates with the BMU control module 131 in each standard PACK 10, and the BMU control module 131 can quickly respond when a fault occurs in a certain battery module, isolate the fault module and notify maintenance, while ensuring the normal operation of other battery packs, thereby improving the safety and maintainability of the system, and improving the reliability and service life of the system.

[0056] The above-mentioned is only an embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the creative concept of the present application, improvements can be made, but these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-power battery parallel battery swapping system, characterized in that, The application relates to a parallel power battery exchange system for an electric vehicle, comprising the following steps: N groups of standard PACKs are connected in parallel with a main battery management unit, each group of the standard PACKs is connected in parallel with the main battery management unit, each group of the standard PACKs comprises a first fuse, a switching switch and a battery string module connected in series, the battery string module comprises a BMU control module arranged with a CAN bus and a BMU execution unit, a second fuse and a series battery cell connected in sequence, the switching switch, the first fuse and the second fuse are in communication connection with the main battery management unit, and the series battery cell comprises at least two battery cells connected in series.

2. The multi-power battery parallel battery swapping system according to claim 1, wherein, The application further comprises an N+1 group of standard PACKs which are connected in parallel with the N groups of standard PACKs. 3.The multi-power battery parallel battery swapping system according to claim 1, wherein, The standard PACK is a combination of one or more power sources of lithium iron phosphate, sodium battery or solid-state battery.

4. The parallel battery swap system of claim 1, wherein, The BMU execution unit comprises a charging control module, a discharging control module and a current sampling element, the charging control module and the discharging control module are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the current sampling element.

5. The multi-power battery parallel battery swapping system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The charging control module comprises a first diode and a first switch connected in series, the anode end of the first diode is connected with the first switch, and the cathode end of the first diode is connected with the current sampling element.

6. The multiple power battery parallel battery swapping system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The discharging control module comprises a second diode and a second switch connected in series, the cathode end of the second diode is connected with the second switch, and the anode end of the second diode is connected with the current sampling element.

7. The multi-power battery parallel battery swapping system according to claim 5, wherein, The first switch is any one of a direct-current contactor, a solid-state relay or a contactless switch. 8.The multi-power battery parallel battery swapping system of claim 6, wherein, The second switch is any one of a direct-current contactor, a solid-state relay or a contactless switch.

9. An electric vehicle, characterized by The electric vehicle comprises the parallel power battery exchange system of any one of the above claims 1-8, the electric vehicle comprises a vehicle body and a truss structure supporting the vehicle body, the truss structure comprises a first side and a second side which are symmetrical and balanced with each other, and Battery compartments are symmetrically distributed on the first side and the second side, the standard PACKs are arranged in the battery compartments and are allowed to enter or exit the battery compartments in a horizontal direction.

10. The electric vehicle of claim 9, wherein, The battery compartments are provided with charging and discharging interfaces connected with the standard PACKs, so that the charging and discharging interfaces allow the standard PACKs to be directly charged or discharged.

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