Auxiliary device for complete machining of surface of columnar workpiece

Abstract

The auxiliary device is clamped on a machine tool chuck and connected with the end face of the columnar workpiece, and a driving mechanism for driving the columnar workpiece to be separated from the machine tool chuck is further arranged on a machine tool body. The auxiliary device is a supporting disc detachably assembled on a machine tool chuck, and embedding bodies embedded into the end face of the columnar workpiece are evenly distributed on the surface of the side, opposite to the columnar workpiece, of the supporting disc. The driving mechanism is a driving wheel which is arranged on the machine tool body at the bottom of the columnar workpiece in a lifting mode, and supporting wheels which are in rolling contact with the columnar workpiece are arranged on the two sides of the columnar workpiece in a lifting mode. By means of the auxiliary device, the machine tool chuck can be connected with the end face of the columnar workpiece, then the circumferential face of the workpiece is completely exposed, a cutter can complete machining operation on the circumferential face of the workpiece, and therefore the problem that due to clamping interference of a machine tool clamping jaw, cutting material waste is caused or potential safety hazards exist in hoisting and rotating are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of machining technology for columnar workpieces, and in particular to an auxiliary device for complete surface machining of columnar workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] Cylindrical workpieces are a common type of workpiece in industrial manufacturing. For example, metal raw materials are melted and cast into ingots. After being melted and shaped, the surface of the ingot is usually rough and requires machining, such as surface turning, and then further machining to produce the product with the required shape and size.

[0003] Surface machining of cylindrical workpieces is generally performed using a lathe, such as... Figure 1 The diagram shows the machining state, with one end of the workpiece held by the machine tool chuck and the other end secured by the machine tool tailstock. This is a common clamping method for machining cylindrical workpieces on a lathe. Secured by the machine tool tailstock at the tail end of the cylindrical workpiece (the tail end of the cylindrical workpiece usually has a blind hole drilled before clamping for the machine tool tailstock to secure it) is used for longer shaft-like workpieces. This is to avoid axial deflection during machining caused by the machining force of a single-sided tool, which could affect machining accuracy. In this clamping state, the tool mounted on the machine tool can be used to perform turning, cutting, and other machining operations on the surface of the cylindrical workpiece.

[0004] In actual machining, because the jaws of the machine tool chuck need to clamp the cylindrical workpiece on its circumferential surface near the end, such as... Figure 2 As shown, this avoids the problem of slippage and detachment during the rotation of the cylindrical workpiece. However, during the turning of the workpiece's circumferential surface, the chuck jaws can interfere with the cutting tool, preventing the circumferential surface of the workpiece held by the jaws from being turned synchronously. Figure 3 The machining shape shown depicts areas that are not machined, so these areas are typically cut off and discarded. For large-diameter ingots, this results in significant material waste; or as... Figure 4 The workpiece is rotated so that the unprocessed part is located on the tailstock side of the machine tool. After being clamped again, the part that was not turned once is processed again.

[0005] Because large-sized ingots are quite heavy, they typically require a crane for hoisting, which is not only difficult but also carries significant operational risks. Furthermore, after hoisting, the machine tool chuck needs to clamp the machined workpiece's circumference. Figure 4 As shown, this causes further clamping damage to the machined surface, resulting in problems of machining obstruction and clamping damage at the machine tool chuck clamping area. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this application aims to provide an auxiliary device for complete surface machining of cylindrical workpieces. This device connects to the end face of the workpiece and exposes the entire circumference of the workpiece, allowing the cutting tool to complete the machining operation on the circumference of the workpiece. This avoids the problems of material waste or safety hazards caused by interference from the machine tool chucks.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: an auxiliary device for complete surface machining of a columnar workpiece, wherein one end of the columnar workpiece is clamped by a machine tool chuck and the other end is pressed against by a machine tool tailstock, characterized in that: the auxiliary device is clamped on the machine tool chuck and connected to the end face of the columnar workpiece, and a driving mechanism for disengaging the columnar workpiece from the machine tool chuck is also provided on the machine tool body.

[0008] Preferably, the auxiliary device is a detachable support plate mounted on the machine tool chuck, and the support plate has embedded bodies evenly distributed on the side surface opposite to the columnar workpiece, which are embedded in the end face of the columnar workpiece.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism is a drive wheel that can be raised and lowered and is mounted on the machine tool body at the bottom of the columnar workpiece.

[0010] Preferably, the cylindrical workpiece is provided with support wheels on both sides that can be raised and lowered and have rolling contact with it.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this application are: the auxiliary device enables the machine tool chuck to connect with the end face of the cylindrical workpiece, thereby exposing the entire circumference of the workpiece, allowing the cutting tool to complete the machining operation on the circumference of the workpiece, thus avoiding the problem of material waste or safety hazards caused by the clamping interference of the machine tool jaws. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the machining of a cylindrical workpiece clamped on a machine tool.

[0013] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Diagram showing the interference position of the cutting tool at the machine tool chuck.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the unprocessed portion of a cylindrical workpiece due to interference from the airport chuck.

[0015] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the process of lifting and rotating a cylindrical workpiece for machining.

[0016] Figure 5 The following are side and front view structural diagrams of the support plate in this application.

[0017] Figure 6 The illustration shows the process of disengaging the cylindrical workpiece from the chuck and assembling the support plate for this application.

[0018] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the connection between the end face of the cylindrical workpiece and the support plate, with the support wheel providing rolling support (re-processing the interference area of ​​the cylindrical workpiece).

[0019] Figure 8 This is a side view of the rolling contact between the support wheel and the cylindrical workpiece in this application.

[0020] In the figure: 4-machine tool body; 41-machine tool chuck; 42-machine tool tailstock; 43-tool; 5-cylindrical workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the technical solutions of this application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] See attached document Figures 1-8 The diagram illustrates an auxiliary device for the complete surface machining of a cylindrical workpiece. One end of the workpiece is clamped by a machine tool chuck, and the other end is pressed against the machine tool tailstock. Figure 1 As shown, in this clamping state, machining operations such as turning and cutting of the cylindrical workpiece surface can be achieved by using the cutting tool mounted on the machine tool.

[0023] To address the problems of current machine tool chucks causing machining obstruction and clamping damage to cylindrical workpieces, this application designs an auxiliary device for completing the machining of the cylindrical workpiece surface, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the auxiliary device is clamped on the machine tool chuck and connected to the end face of the cylindrical workpiece. That is, the auxiliary device enables the machine tool chuck to connect with the end face of the cylindrical workpiece. Driven by the machine tool chuck, the cylindrical workpiece is further driven to rotate. The auxiliary device is connected to the end face of the cylindrical workpiece, thus exposing the entire circumference of the workpiece. This allows the cutting tool to complete the machining operation on the circumference of the workpiece, thereby avoiding the problems of material waste or safety hazards caused by the clamping interference of the machine tool jaws.

[0024] To facilitate the assembly of auxiliary devices after machining of cylindrical workpieces, such as Figure 6 As shown, the machine tool body is also equipped with a drive mechanism that drives the cylindrical workpiece to disengage from the machine tool chuck. When there is interference between the cutting tool and the chuck jaws, the drive mechanism disengages the cylindrical workpiece from the chuck. After disengagement, the auxiliary device is mounted on the chuck, and the cylindrical workpiece is reset so that its end face is in contact with the auxiliary device, thereby enabling reprocessing of the interference area on the workpiece surface.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 5-7 As shown, the auxiliary device is a detachable support plate 1 mounted on the machine tool chuck. This support plate 1 can be clamped and secured by the machine tool chuck, such as... Figure 5As shown, inserts 11, preferably pointed structures, are evenly distributed on the surface of the support plate 1 opposite to the cylindrical workpiece. When the tool moves close to the chuck during machining, the chuck releases the workpiece end and then drives the workpiece away from the chuck via a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism temporarily supports the workpiece, and then the support plate 1 is mounted on the chuck with the inserts 11 positioned outside the chuck. Preferably, similar to the tailstock clamping method of a machine tool, a blind hole for inserting the insert 11 is drilled on the end face of the workpiece near the insert 11. After the insert 11 is inserted into the blind hole, the stability of the workpiece end face contact is improved, and the workpiece and chuck can be rotated synchronously during machining, avoiding relative slippage. With the support plate 1 in contact, the unmachined part of the workpiece is exposed, and the tool can perform complete surface machining.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the driving mechanism is a liftable drive wheel 2 (preferably driven by a hydraulic cylinder) mounted on the machine tool body at the bottom of the cylindrical workpiece. When the cutting tool encounters obstruction, the drive wheel 2 is raised to abut against the bottom of the workpiece. Then, the chuck is released, and the workpiece is driven to move backward on the drive wheel 2. After disengaging from the chuck, the support plate 1 is assembled. Simultaneously, a blind hole for the insert 11 can be quickly drilled on the workpiece end face. This blind hole can also be drilled simultaneously with the initial blind hole for the tailstock. Then, the workpiece is driven in the reverse direction, causing the insert 11 to embed into the blind hole on the end face and be secured by the machine tool tailstock. The drive wheel 2 then moves downward, the chuck rotates, and the cutting tool re-processes the interfering area.

[0027] Because the embedding depth of the insert 11 into the end face of the workpiece is limited, its stability is lower compared to the chuck directly clamping the workpiece on the circumferential surface. Therefore, to improve the stability of workpiece rotation during reprocessing of the interference area, such as... Figure 7-8 As shown, support wheels 3 are located on both sides of the cylindrical workpiece and can be raised and lowered to make rolling contact with it. During processing, the support wheels 3 move upward to make rolling contact with the bottom of the workpiece, reducing the vertical bearing force of the insert 11 on the workpiece, thereby ensuring the stability of processing when the support plate 1 is in contact with the workpiece.

[0028] The principle of this application is as follows: After the machine tool's cutting tool processes the cylindrical workpiece to an interference point close to the jaws of the machine tool chuck, the drive wheel 2 moves upward to contact the workpiece, the jaws release their grip on the workpiece, and the drive wheel 2 moves the workpiece on the workpiece and disengages it from the jaws. Then, the support plate 1 is assembled onto the jaws, and the drive wheel 2 reverses to abut against the support plate 11, causing the insert to embed into the end face of the workpiece. Then, the drive wheel 2 moves downward, while the support wheel 3 moves upward to roll into contact with the bottom of the workpiece. Subsequently, the machine tool chuck drives the workpiece to rotate through the support plate 1, and the cutting tool processes the interference point, thereby completing the complete processing of the workpiece surface. This solves the problems of material waste and operational risks associated with current machining interference.

[0029] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Various changes and modifications may be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for complete surface machining of a columnar workpiece, wherein one end of the columnar workpiece is clamped by a machine tool chuck and the other end is pressed against the machine tool tailstock, characterized in that: The auxiliary device is clamped on the machine tool chuck and connected to the end face of the cylindrical workpiece, and a drive mechanism is also provided on the machine tool body to drive the cylindrical workpiece to disengage from the machine tool chuck.

2. The auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary device is a detachable support plate (1) mounted on the machine tool chuck, and there are embedded bodies (11) evenly distributed on the side surface of the support plate (1) opposite to the columnar workpiece, which are embedded in the end face of the columnar workpiece.

3. The auxiliary device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive mechanism is a drive wheel (2) that can be raised and lowered and is mounted on the machine tool body at the bottom of the columnar workpiece.

4. The auxiliary device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Support wheels (3) are provided on both sides of the columnar workpiece and can be raised and lowered to make rolling contact with it.

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