Semi-active tuned mass damping system based on adjustable damping structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure. The semi-active tuned mass damping system comprises a mass unit, an adjustable spring unit, a damping unit, a guide unit and a mounting bottom plate, the mass unit comprises a fixed mass assembly and a free mass assembly; the fixed mass assembly comprises a top plate, a middle plate and a guide unit mounting plate; the free mass assembly comprises two free mass blocks arranged between the top plate and the middle plate; each free mass block comprises a plurality of detachable steel plates which are stacked from bottom to top; the adjustable spring unit comprises a plurality of springs; the guide unit comprises a guide rod and a sliding piece; the damping unit comprises a viscous damper, a hydraulic loop arranged between two hydraulic cavities of the viscous damper and a valve block. An adjustable damping structure and a hydraulic valve are arranged in the valve block; by measuring the frequency of the main structure and the TMD and adjusting the displacement and the rotating angle of the valve element of the adjustable damping structure, semi-active adjustment of the damping ratio is achieved, and then the frequency change of the main structure is adapted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of damping and vibration reduction technology, and more specifically, relates to a semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread construction of long-span bridges and the extensive application of high-efficiency bridge-building materials, the structural forms of modern bridges are gradually developing towards longer spans, lighter weight, and greater flexibility. While this is beneficial in terms of aesthetics and economy, it also places higher and stricter demands on structural design, construction, and even operation. Resonance can occur because the structure's low natural frequency is close to the natural frequency of environmental elements. If vibration is not suppressed through damping, the following consequences may occur:

[0003] (1) Normal services that the structure cannot provide, such as the inability to walk on the structure.

[0004] (2) Resonance may cause a building to collapse.

[0005] (3) Fatigue cracks occur in the structure, which can eventually lead to the collapse of the building.

[0006] Long-span bridges, as a crucial component of lifeline engineering, occupy a vital position in the political and economic spheres, and their safety deserves special attention. The increasingly lightweight and flexible characteristics of modern bridge structures pose challenges to their wind and seismic resistance. With the continuous increase in span, wind-induced vibration problems in bridge structures are becoming increasingly prominent, significantly impacting bridge safety and vehicle comfort. Therefore, taking effective measures to control the harmful effects of wind on bridges within permissible limits is of paramount practical importance. To ensure the wind resistance safety, driving comfort, and prevention of wind-induced vibration problems of large bridges, the adoption of TMD (Tuned Mass Damper) vibration control measures is proposed. A TMD, also known as a dynamic vibration absorber, mainly consists of a mass block, a spring system, and a damping system. The TMD is an auxiliary system installed in the main structure, transferring the vibration energy of the main structure to the auxiliary system, thereby achieving energy dissipation and vibration reduction of the main structure. A tuned mass damper (TMD) adjusts the vibration frequency of the TMD system to near the dominant frequency of the structural vibration. Through the interaction between the TMD and the main structure, energy can be transferred from the main structure to the TMD system, thereby reducing the vibration of the main structure. Due to its clear principle and simple construction, it is widely used in structural vibration control, especially for controlling vortex-induced vibrations in long-span bridges caused by wind. However, TMDs currently employ passive control, with fixed tuning frequencies and damping ratios. When the main structure frequency "drifts," the TMD frequency and damping ratio cannot be actively adjusted, and a fixed-parameter TMD cannot provide optimal vibration reduction.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tuned mass damping system that can achieve semi-active adjustment of the damping ratio. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned deficiencies or improvement needs of existing technologies, this utility model provides a semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure. Based on passive control, it utilizes a control mechanism to actively adjust the damping ratio parameters within the system, switching the operating state of the passive control system to ensure optimal structural control. Specifically, by measuring the frequencies of the main structure and the TMD (tunable mass damper), and adaptively adjusting the damping constant, the TMD frequency can be adjusted in real-time based on the detected structural frequency, regardless of changes in the bridge structure's frequency. This ensures the TMD always operates at its maximum efficiency. It solves the problem in existing technologies where the TMD frequency and damping ratio cannot be actively adjusted when the main structure frequency "drifts."

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure, comprising a mass unit, an adjustable spring unit, a damping unit, a guide unit, and a mounting base plate; wherein...

[0010] The mass unit includes a fixed mass component and a free mass component; the fixed mass component includes a top plate and a middle plate arranged in parallel and spaced above the mounting base plate, and guide unit mounting plates respectively disposed at opposite ends of the top plate and the middle plate; the free mass component includes two free mass blocks disposed between the top plate and the middle plate; each free mass block includes several detachable steel plates stacked from bottom to top;

[0011] The adjustable spring unit includes several springs arranged vertically and parallel to each other between the intermediate plate and the mounting base plate; the damping unit includes a viscous damper connected to the center of the mounting base plate, a hydraulic circuit and a valve block arranged between the two hydraulic chambers of the viscous damper; the valve block is provided with an adjustable damping structure and a hydraulic valve.

[0012] The guide unit includes guide rods that are vertically disposed at the top of both ends of the mounting base plate, and sliding members that are disposed at both ends of the top plate and the middle plate and are matched with the guide rods.

[0013] Furthermore, the viscous damper includes a connector connected to the mounting base plate, a connecting cylinder located on the connector at one end away from the mounting base plate, a cylinder body sleeved outside the top of the connecting cylinder body, a piston rod with one end located inside the cylinder body, and a piston located on the piston rod.

[0014] The hydraulic circuit is located between the cylinder body and the connecting cylinder.

[0015] The valve block is located on the outer wall of the cylinder and is connected to the hydraulic circuit.

[0016] Furthermore, an accumulator is connected to the outer surface of the cylinder body and the connecting cylinder barrel;

[0017] A dust cover is provided at the connection between the piston rod and the piston.

[0018] Furthermore, the sliding member includes a pulley fixing plate disposed on the side of the guide unit mounting plate and a pulley assembly disposed on the pulley fixing plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the top plate and the middle plate are identical in shape and size, and both the top plate and the middle plate are provided with receiving grooves for the guide unit to pass through.

[0020] Furthermore, the intermediate plate and the mounting base plate are respectively provided with mounting rings that match both ends of the spring;

[0021] The number of mounting rings is greater than the number of springs.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper section of the piston rod is fixed to a fixing plate located above the center of the top plate.

[0023] Furthermore, the fixing plate and the top plate are fixed together by fixing columns arranged at even intervals.

[0024] Furthermore, the guide rod has a U-shaped groove structure and is connected to the mounting base plate via a mounting plate;

[0025] The U-shaped grooves of the two guide rods are arranged opposite each other.

[0026] Furthermore, the pulley assembly includes a first pulley and a second pulley that are slidably connected to the outer side of the U-shaped groove of the guide rod.

[0027] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solution conceived by this utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0028] This invention discloses a semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure. When the main structure vibrates, the mass block vibrates relative to the main structure, and the resulting inertial force reacts on the main structure, thereby suppressing its vibration. Simultaneously, a viscous damper absorbs the energy transferred from the main structure to the TMD, limiting the TMD's displacement. A hydraulic circuit and valve block are installed outside the viscous damper, and an adjustable damping structure and hydraulic valve are installed inside the valve block. During TMD commissioning, if the damping ratio of the TMD system is found to be outside the design range, the damping magnitude of the adjustable damping structure is adjusted to adjust the damping ratio. When the main structure frequency "drifts," the TMD frequency is adjusted by changing the number of free mass blocks, and the damping ratio is adjusted by changing the magnitude of the adjustable damping structure to adapt to the frequency change of the main structure. This invention can adjust the frequency and damping ratio of the TMD according to the real-time state of the main structure, ensuring that it always performs optimally under different environmental conditions. This semi-active adjustment mechanism allows the TMD to flexibly respond to changes in the main structure frequency, improving the vibration reduction effect. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation position of a viscous damper in a semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the viscous damper of a semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0032] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1-mass unit, 11-fixed mass assembly, 111-top plate, 112-intermediate plate, 113-guide unit mounting plate, 114-receiving groove, 115-fixed plate, 116-fixed column, 12-free mass assembly, 2-adjustable spring unit, 21-spring, 22-mounting ring, 3-damping unit, 31-viscous damper, 311-connector, 312-connecting cylinder, 313-cylinder body, 314-piston rod, 315-hydraulic circuit, 316-accumulator, 317-valve block, 318-dust cover, 4-guide unit, 41-guide rod, 42-sliding element, 421-pulley fixing plate, 422-pulley block, 5-mounting base plate, 51-mounting plate, 52-bottom fixing plate, 521-connecting lug. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, when an element is referred to as "fixed to," "set on," or "provided on" another element, it can be directly on or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "mounted," "connected," "linked," and "provided with" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] like Figures 1-3As shown, one aspect of this utility model provides a semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure, including a mass unit 1, an adjustable spring unit 2, a damping unit 3, a guide unit 4, and a mounting base plate 5; the mass unit 1 includes a fixed mass assembly 11 and a free mass assembly 12; the fixed mass assembly 11 includes a top plate 111 and a middle plate 112 arranged parallel to each other above the mounting base plate 5, and guide unit mounting plates 113 respectively disposed at opposite ends of the top plate 111 and the middle plate 112; the free mass assembly 12 includes two free mass blocks disposed between the top plate 111 and the middle plate 112; each free mass block includes several detachable steel plates stacked from bottom to top; the number of steel plates in the free mass blocks can be increased or decreased to fine-tune the frequency of the TMD; the adjustable spring unit 2 includes several springs 21 arranged parallel to each other vertically between the middle plate 112 and the mounting base plate 5; the stiffness and frequency of the TMD are adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of springs 21; the guide unit 4 includes a series of springs 21 arranged parallel to each other vertically between the middle plate 112 and the mounting base plate 5. The mounting base plate 5 has guide rods 41 vertically mounted at the top of both ends, and sliding members 42 respectively mounted at both ends of the top plate 111 and the middle plate 112 to match the guide rods 41. The damping unit 3 includes a viscous damper 31 connected to the center of the mounting base plate 5, a hydraulic circuit 315 and a valve block 317 located between the two hydraulic chambers of the viscous damper 31. The valve block 317 has an adjustable damping structure and a hydraulic valve inside. The damping parameters are adjusted by adjusting the front-to-back displacement and rotation angle of the valve core of the adjustable damping structure. This utility model, by connecting an adjustable damping structure to the viscous damper 31, enables the tuned mass damping system to adjust the damping ratio in real time according to the change of the main structure frequency during TMD commissioning and use, ensuring that the TMD always works at maximum efficiency. The semi-active control method provides higher flexibility and adaptability, and has better performance than the traditional passive control TMD. It is of great significance for improving the wind and earthquake resistance of structures such as long-span bridges, ensuring structural safety and functionality.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the top plate 111 and the middle plate 112 have the same shape and size. Both the top plate 111 and the middle plate 112 are provided with receiving grooves 114 for the guide unit 4 to pass through. The middle plate 112 and the mounting base plate 5 are respectively provided with mounting rings 22 that match the two ends of the spring 21. The number of mounting rings 22 is greater than the number of springs 21.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-3As shown, two free mass blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the line connecting the centers of the two guide rods 41; the guide rods 41 have a U-shaped groove structure and are connected to the mounting base plate 5 via a mounting plate 51; the U-shaped grooves of the two guide rods 41 are arranged opposite to each other; the sliding member 42 includes a pulley fixing plate 421 disposed on the side of the guide unit mounting plate 113 and a pulley assembly 422 disposed on the pulley fixing plate 421; the pulley assembly 422 includes a first pulley and a second pulley that are slidably connected to the outer side of the U-shaped groove of the guide rod 41; the guide unit 4 ensures smooth movement of the TMD and reduces frictional damping.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the viscous damper 31 includes a connector 311 connected to the mounting base plate 5, a connecting cylinder 312 disposed on the connector 311 at one end away from the mounting base plate 5, a cylinder body 313 sleeved on the outside of the top end of the connecting cylinder body 312, a piston rod 314 disposed at one end inside the cylinder body 313, and a piston disposed on the piston rod 314; the hydraulic circuit 315 is disposed between the cylinder body 313 and the connecting cylinder body 312; the hydraulic circuit 315 is a channel for the flow of hydraulic oil, and transmits force and adjusts damping through the flow of hydraulic oil; through the piston 315 Two hydraulic chambers within the separating cylinder 313 control the flow of hydraulic oil, thereby adjusting the damping force. An accumulator 316 is connected to the outer surface of the cylinder 313 and the connecting cylinder 312 to store hydraulic oil, stabilize oil pressure, and ensure the pressure stability of the hydraulic system. The valve block 317 is located on the outer wall of the cylinder 313 and connected to the hydraulic circuit 315. The valve block 317 has an adjustable damping structure and a hydraulic valve inside. The damping parameters are adjusted by adjusting the front-to-back displacement and rotation angle of the valve core, thereby adjusting the damping force. A dust cover 318 is provided at the connection between the piston rod 314 and the piston.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the connector 311 of the viscous damper 31 is connected to the mounting base plate 5 via the bottom fixing plate 52; the bottom fixing plate 52 is provided with a connecting lug 521; the connector 311 is pin-connected to the connecting lug 521; the upper section of the piston rod 314 is fixed to the fixing plate 115 located above the center of the top plate 111; the fixing plate 115 and the top plate 111 are fixed by fixing posts 116 arranged at even intervals; the fixing plate 115 is disc-shaped; the center of the fixing plate 115 is provided with a mounting hole for the piston rod 314 to pass through.

[0041] The mass unit of this invention consists of a fixed mass block and a free mass block. The fixed mass block is always kept in the installation position, while the free mass block can be added or removed as needed to fine-tune the frequency of the TMD. When the main structure is subjected to external forces (such as wind or earthquakes) and vibrates, the mass block of the TMD will vibrate relative to the main structure. Through the spring unit 2 and the damping unit 3, the TMD transfers the vibration energy of the main structure to itself, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude of the main structure. The spring unit consists of multiple sets of compression springs to provide the stiffness of the TMD. The frequency of the TMD can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of compression springs. The spring's function is to restore the mass block to its initial state and tune the TMD's natural frequency for optimal control. The damping unit uses a viscous damper to absorb energy transferred from the main structure to the TMD, limiting its displacement. The damping ratio is adjusted by regulating the damping magnitude of the adjustable damping structure to adapt to changes in the main structure's frequency. The guide unit ensures smooth TMD movement by fixing the pulley to the mass block (guide unit mounting plate 113), reducing frictional resistance between the pulley and the guide rod, thus minimizing energy loss. During TMD commissioning, if the damping ratio of the tuned mass damping system is found to be outside the design range, the damping magnitude of the adjustable damping structure is adjusted to achieve damping. The frequency and damping ratio of the tuned mass damping system need to be adjusted accordingly when the frequency of the main structure "drifts" during its use. Adjusting the frequency and damping ratio of the TMD based on the real-time state of the main structure ensures optimal performance under different environmental conditions. This semi-active adjustment mechanism allows the TMD to flexibly respond to changes in the main structure's frequency, improving vibration reduction. This invention measures the frequencies of the main structure and the TMD and adaptively adjusts the damping constant. Regardless of changes in the bridge structure's frequency, the TMD's frequency can be adjusted in real-time based on the detected structure frequency, ensuring the TMD always operates at its maximum efficiency.

[0042] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure, characterized in that: It includes a mass unit (1), an adjustable spring unit (2), a damping unit (3), a guide unit (4), and a mounting base plate (5); among which, The mass unit (1) includes a fixed mass assembly (11) and a free mass assembly (12); the fixed mass assembly (11) includes a top plate (111) and a middle plate (112) arranged parallel to each other above the mounting base plate (5), and guide unit mounting plates (113) respectively disposed at opposite ends of the top plate (111) and the middle plate (112); the free mass assembly (12) includes two free mass blocks disposed between the top plate (111) and the middle plate (112); each free mass block includes several detachable steel plates stacked from bottom to top; The adjustable spring unit (2) includes a plurality of springs (21) arranged vertically and parallel to each other between the intermediate plate (112) and the mounting base plate (5); the damping unit (3) includes a viscous damper (31) connected to the center of the mounting base plate (5), a hydraulic circuit (315) arranged between the two hydraulic chambers of the viscous damper (31), and a valve block (317); the valve block (317) is provided with an adjustable damping structure and a hydraulic valve inside; The guide unit (4) includes guide rods (41) that are vertically disposed at the top of both ends of the mounting base plate (5), and sliding parts (42) that are disposed at both ends of the top plate (111) and the middle plate (112) and are matched with the guide rods (41).

2. The semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The viscous damper (31) includes a connector (311) connected to the mounting base plate (5), a connecting cylinder (312) disposed on the connector (311) at one end away from the mounting base plate (5), a cylinder body (313) sleeved on the outside of the top of the connecting cylinder body (312), a piston rod (314) disposed at one end inside the cylinder body (313), and a piston disposed on the piston rod (314); The hydraulic circuit (315) is located between the cylinder body (313) and the connecting cylinder (312); The valve block (317) is located on the outer wall of the cylinder (313) and is connected to the hydraulic circuit (315).

3. A semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: An accumulator (316) is connected to the outer surface of the cylinder body (313) and the connecting cylinder (312). A dust cover (318) is provided at the connection between the piston rod (314) and the piston.

4. A semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The sliding member (42) includes a pulley fixing plate (421) disposed on the side of the guide unit mounting plate (113) and a pulley assembly (422) disposed on the pulley fixing plate (421).

5. A semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The top plate (111) and the middle plate (112) have the same shape and size, and the top plate (111) and the middle plate (112) are provided with receiving grooves (114) for the guide unit (4) to pass through.

6. A semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The intermediate plate (112) and the mounting base plate (5) are respectively provided with mounting rings (22) that match the two ends of the spring (21); The number of mounting rings (22) is greater than the number of springs (21).

7. A semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper section of the piston rod (314) is fixed to a fixing plate (115) located above the center of the top plate (111).

8. A semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing plate (115) and the top plate (111) are fixed together by fixing columns (116) arranged at even intervals.

9. A semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure according to any one of claims 1-3, 7, or 8, characterized in that: The guide rod (41) has a U-shaped groove structure and is connected to the mounting base plate (5) through the mounting plate (51); The U-shaped grooves of the two guide rods (41) are arranged opposite to each other.

10. A semi-active tuned mass damping system based on an adjustable damping structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pulley assembly (422) includes a first pulley and a second pulley that are slidably connected to the outer side of the U-shaped groove of the guide rod (41).

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