Column switch closing and opening coil overcurrent protection control device
By using a circuit structure controlled by Hall elements and a CPU, precise overcurrent protection for the opening and closing coils is achieved, solving the problem of coil overcurrent faults and reducing losses and costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422784063.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-14
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the problem of coil damage caused by overcurrent faults in the opening and closing coils is that the material characteristics of existing protectors result in large dispersion of protection action values, making it impossible to accurately set the overcurrent protection value.
Hall effect sensors are used to collect coil current, which is then analyzed by an AD circuit and a CPU. Combined with current-controlled MOSFETs and optocouplers, precise control of the opening and closing current is achieved, enabling rapid disconnection of overcurrent faults.
It achieves rapid overcurrent protection for the opening and closing coils, prevents the fault from escalating, reduces economic losses, and has a simple structure and low cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN223553041U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of switch control in pole-mounted switches in the power distribution industry, and more specifically, to an overcurrent protection control device for the opening and closing coils of a pole-mounted switch. Background Technology
[0002] The opening and closing coil is a crucial component of the operating mechanism of a high-voltage circuit breaker. During the opening and closing process, the coil current changes with the operating time and progress. When the coil current is too high, faults such as abnormal voltage, abnormal resistance, inter-turn short circuits, and core jamming can easily occur. Currently, there are no effective methods to stop the progression of overcurrent faults, which can lead to coil burnout and irreparable economic losses.
[0003] To reduce losses caused by coil overcurrent faults, the overcurrent protection device for the circuit breaker's opening and closing coils uses Hall effect sensors to collect the current of the circuit breaker's opening and closing coils. After the current signal is collected, it is sampled by an AD converter and then sent to the CPU for analysis. Based on the pre-set current setting requirements, the switching element connected in series in the circuit breaker's opening and closing coil circuit controls the cut-off and conduction of the tripping and closing current, thereby protecting the tripping and closing coils.
[0004] Commonly used overcurrent protectors in the prior art include bimetallic strip-type electric heating overcurrent protectors and mechanical trip overcurrent protectors. For example, prior art document 1 provides an intelligent circuit breaker for overcurrent protection, including a housing. Two movable plates are slidably connected inside the housing, and an intelligent circuit breaker is installed between the two movable plates. A fixing block is fixedly connected to the lower end of each movable plate, and a clamping block is slidably connected to the upper end of each movable plate. A movable block is fixedly connected through the side wall of the rotating rod, and a connecting rope is fixedly connected through the side wall of the rod. A collar is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rope. Prior art document 2 provides an overcurrent protection device for a miniature circuit breaker, including a load current sampling unit installed on the main circuit and a current comparison unit installed inside the circuit breaker housing. The load current sampling unit includes a manganese copper shunt or a manganese copper sampling resistor connected in series in the main circuit. The output terminal of the manganese copper shunt or the manganese copper sampling resistor is connected to the signal input terminal of the current comparison unit.
[0005] The existing technical documents also have the following technical problems: all existing technical documents use the thermal properties of materials for operation, which results in a large dispersion of the protection current action value, making it impossible to accurately set the overcurrent protection action value. Utility Model Content
[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a pole-mounted switch overcurrent protection control device for the opening and closing coils.
[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.
[0008] A pole-mounted switch overcurrent protection control device for the opening and closing coils includes: external terminals of the device and a control circuit, wherein the external terminals of the device are connected to the internal circuit.
[0009] The control circuit includes a Hall element, a current-controlled MOSFET element, an AD circuit, a CPU circuit, and a current-controlled optocoupler; wherein, the Hall element, AD circuit, CPU circuit, coil current-controlled optocoupler, and current-controlled MOSFET element are connected in sequence in the control circuit, and the current-controlled MOSFET element is connected to the Hall element.
[0010] Preferably, the external terminals of the device include an input terminal connected to the positive power supply of the pole-mounted switch, and an output terminal connected to the negative power supply of the pole-mounted switch.
[0011] Preferably, the input terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the Hall element in the control circuit, and the negative terminal of the Hall element is connected to the drain of the current-controlled MOSFET element.
[0012] Preferably, the output terminal is connected to the source of the current-controlled MOSFET element and the output side of the coil current-controlled optocoupler, respectively.
[0013] Preferably, the Hall element is connected to the CPU circuit via an AD circuit, and the Hall element outputs the sampled values of the opening and closing currents to the AD circuit.
[0014] Preferably, the AD circuit is connected to the CPU circuit, and the AD circuit sends the measured current data to the CPU circuit.
[0015] Preferably, the CPU circuit is connected to a coil current control optocoupler, and the coil current control signal output by the CPU circuit passes through the coil current control optocoupler. The input side of the coil current control optocoupler is connected to the gate of the current control MOSFET element.
[0016] Preferably, it further includes a first resistor R1, the positive terminal of the on-pole switching power supply is connected to the first resistor R1, and the first resistor R1 is connected to the current-controlled MOSFET element and the coil current-controlled optocoupler respectively;
[0017] Preferably, it further includes a second resistor R2, the negative terminal of the on-board switching power supply is connected to the second resistor R2, and the second resistor R2 is connected to the current-controlled MOSFET element and the coil current-controlled optocoupler respectively.
[0018] Preferably, it also includes a device housing, which is used to cover the control circuit and the external terminals of the device, forming an integrated overcurrent protection control device.
[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the pole-mounted switch opening and closing coil overcurrent protection control device proposed in this utility model collects the opening and closing current through Hall elements, and realizes the on-off control of the opening and closing current through the CPU connected to the current control MOSFET element in series in the main opening and closing circuit; according to the circuit structure proposed in this utility model, it can quickly cut off the overcurrent fault of the opening and closing coil and prevent the accident from further expanding. The device has low implementation cost and is easy to implement. It uses one overcurrent protection circuit to complete the overcurrent protection function of the opening and closing circuits, which has certain economic advantages. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the overcurrent protection control device for the switch opening and closing coil on the central column of this utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 The structural block diagram of the overcurrent protection control device proposed in this utility model applied to a circuit breaker;
[0022] Figure 3 The structural block diagram shows the overcurrent protection control device proposed in this utility model applied to an energy storage motor. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this utility model, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model proposes an overcurrent protection control device for the opening and closing coils of a pole-mounted switch. The device includes: a device housing, external terminals, and a control circuit. The external terminals and the control circuit are disposed inside the device housing, and the external terminals are connected to the control circuit.
[0025] The device housing is used to enclose the internal circuitry and the external terminals of the device, forming an integrated column-mounted switch, open / close coil, and overcurrent protection control device.
[0026] The external terminals of the device are used to lead the output terminals of the opening and closing coils of the pole-mounted switch to the internal circuit of the housing, and finally connect to the negative terminal of the operating mechanism.
[0027] The device's external terminals include input terminals and output terminals. The positive and negative terminals of the power supply of the pole-mounted switch are connected to the control circuit of the pole-mounted switch opening / closing coil overcurrent protection control device proposed in this utility model through the device's external terminals. Specifically, the input terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the pole-mounted switch, and the output terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply of the pole-mounted switch.
[0028] Furthermore, the control circuit includes a Hall element, a current-controlled MOSFET, an AD circuit, a CPU circuit, and a coil current-controlled optocoupler;
[0029] The input terminal of the device's external terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the Hall element. The Hall element outputs the sampled value of the opening and closing coil current of the switch to be tested. The Hall element is connected to the CPU circuit through the AD circuit, and the current control optocoupler is connected to the Hall element.
[0030] The AD circuit performs A / D conversion on the received sampling values of the opening and closing coil current to obtain the converted parallel or serial current data. The AD circuit is connected to the CPU circuit, and the AD circuit sends the converted current data to the CPU circuit. The CPU circuit is connected to the coil current control optocoupler, and the coil current control optocoupler is connected to the current control MOSFET element. The CPU circuit outputs the coil current control signal, which is transmitted to the coil current control optocoupler to control the current control MOSFET element.
[0031] The negative terminal of the Hall element is connected in series with the drain of the current-controlled MOSFET element, and the source of the current-controlled MOSFET element is connected to the output terminal.
[0032] Furthermore, the pole-mounted switch opening / closing coil overcurrent protection control device also includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, and the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in series.
[0033] The positive terminal of the pillar-mounted switching power supply is also connected to a first resistor R1, which is connected to both a current-controlled MOSFET and a coil current-controlled optocoupler.
[0034] The negative terminal of the on-board switching power supply is connected to the second resistor R2, which is connected to the current-controlled MOSFET element and the coil current-controlled optocoupler respectively.
[0035] Further preferably, the first resistor R1 = 15kΩ and the second resistor R2 = 10kΩ.
[0036] The input pin of the output side of the coil current-controlled optocoupler is connected to the gate of the current-controlled MOSFET element through the series connection point of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. The output pin of the output side of the coil current-controlled optocoupler is connected to the source of the current-controlled MOSFET element after being connected to the second resistor R2, and the common connection point is connected to the output terminal.
[0037] Since the opening and closing actions are different, the overcurrent protection control circuit can be completed using the same circuit.
[0038] Furthermore, the pole-mounted switch overcurrent protection control device proposed in this utility model is used to perform overcurrent protection control on the closing and opening coils of the pole-mounted switch. The pole-mounted switch includes a circuit breaker and an energy storage motor. Figure 2 , 3 These are schematic diagrams showing the structure of the overcurrent protection control device proposed in this utility model when applied to circuit breakers and energy storage motors.
[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the output terminals of the circuit breaker mechanism's opening and closing coils are connected to the positive input of the Hall element after entering the device through the external terminals. The negative input of the Hall element is connected in series with the current control MOSFET element, which is then connected to the negative power supply of the operating mechanism through the external terminals.
[0040] The coil current control signal output by the CPU circuit controls the on / off state of the current control MOSFET element through the coil current control optocoupler. The control method of CPU operation is the same as that of existing technology.
[0041] The Hall current transformer outputs the sampling value of the opening and closing current. The measured current data is sent to the CPU via the AD circuit. When the opening or closing coil exceeds the overcurrent set time, the CPU sends a coil current control signal to control the current control MOSFET via the coil current control optocoupler, thereby disconnecting the opening and closing current and preventing the overcurrent fault from escalating further.
[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the positive terminal of the energy storage motor power supply is connected to the energy storage motor input, and the output terminal of the energy storage motor enters the device through the external terminal and is then connected to the positive terminal of the Hall element input. The negative terminal of the Hall element input is connected in series with the current control MOSFET element through the external terminal of the device and then externally connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage motor power supply.
[0043] The energy storage motor current control signal is used to control the on / off state of the current control MOSFET element through the energy storage current control optocoupler.
[0044] The Hall element outputs the sampled value of the energy storage motor current. The measured current data is sent to the CPU circuit via the AD circuit. When the energy storage motor exceeds the overcurrent set value time, the CPU circuit sends a coil current control signal to control the current control MOSFET via the energy storage current control optocoupler. The control method of the CPU circuit is the existing technology, which realizes the disconnection of the energy storage motor current and prevents the overcurrent fault from further expanding.
[0045] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that, compared with the prior art, the device proposed by this utility model has a simple circuit structure and is easy to implement. It uses an overcurrent protection circuit to complete the overcurrent protection function of the opening and closing circuits, thus reducing the implementation cost.
[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of this utility model. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A pole-mounted switch overcurrent protection control device for the opening and closing coils, characterized in that, include: The device has external terminals and a control circuit, and the external terminals are connected to the internal circuit. The control circuit includes a Hall element, a current-controlled MOSFET element, an AD circuit, a CPU circuit, and a current-controlled optocoupler; wherein, the Hall element, AD circuit, CPU circuit, coil current-controlled optocoupler, and current-controlled MOSFET element are connected in sequence in the control circuit, and the current-controlled MOSFET element is connected to the Hall element.
2. The pole-mounted switch overcurrent protection control device for the opening and closing coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device's external terminals include an input terminal connected to the positive power supply of the pole-mounted switch, and an output terminal connected to the negative power supply of the pole-mounted switch.
3. The pole-mounted switch opening / closing coil overcurrent protection control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The input terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the Hall element in the control circuit, and the negative terminal of the Hall element is connected to the drain of the current-controlled MOSFET element.
4. The pole-mounted switch opening / closing coil overcurrent protection control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output terminals are respectively connected to the source of the current-controlled MOSFET element and the output side of the coil current-controlled optocoupler.
5. The pole-mounted switch overcurrent protection control device for the opening and closing coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Hall element is connected to the CPU circuit via an AD circuit, and the Hall element outputs the sampling value of the opening and closing current to the AD circuit.
6. The pole-mounted switch overcurrent protection control device for the opening and closing coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AD circuit is connected to the CPU circuit, and the AD circuit sends the measured current data to the CPU circuit.
7. The pole-mounted switch overcurrent protection control device for the opening and closing coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CPU circuit is connected to the coil current control optocoupler. The coil current control signal output by the CPU circuit passes through the coil current control optocoupler. The input side of the coil current control optocoupler is connected to the gate of the current control MOSFET element.
8. The pole-mounted switch overcurrent protection control device for the opening and closing coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first resistor R1, the positive terminal of the on-board switching power supply is connected to the first resistor R1, and the first resistor R1 is connected to the current-controlled MOSFET element and the coil current-controlled optocoupler respectively.
9. The pole-mounted switch overcurrent protection control device for the closing / opening coil according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a second resistor R2, the negative terminal of the on-board switching power supply is connected to the second resistor R2, and the second resistor R2 is connected to the current-controlled MOSFET element and the coil current-controlled optocoupler respectively.
10. The pole-mounted switch opening / closing coil overcurrent protection control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a device housing, which is used to cover the control circuit and the external terminals of the device, forming an integrated overcurrent protection control device.