Ultrasonic machining assembly, finishing machining device and finishing machining system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of workpiece surface machining, and discloses an ultrasonic machining assembly, a finishing machining device and a finishing machining system.The ultrasonic machining assembly comprises a support; the transducers are used for converting the high-frequency electric energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration; the vibration commutator is arranged on the support, the outer periphery of the vibration commutator is connected with a plurality of transducers which are sequentially arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the vibration commutator is used for converting high-frequency mechanical vibration of the transducers into high-frequency mechanical vibration in the axial direction of the vibration commutator; and the processing roller is rotatably connected to the axial outer end of the vibration commutator and is used for carrying out ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece. Due to the fact that ultrasonic energy acts on the surface of the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece can generate plastic deformation to introduce residual stress, the microstructure of the surface of the workpiece is changed, the effects of finishing machining and surface strengthening can be achieved at the same time, the quality of the surface of the workpiece can be effectively controlled, and the hardness of the surface of the workpiece can be effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of workpiece surface processing, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic machining assembly, a finishing device and a finishing system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In industrial production, some workpieces need to be electroplated on the surface due to sealing, wear resistance and service life, and the surface roughness of the workpiece directly affects the adhesion, uniformity, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the plating layer, and is crucial to the quality of the plating layer.

[0003] Taking the inner surface processing of an ultra-large and ultra-long oil cylinder (the diameter can be more than 1.8 meters, and the length can be more than 30 meters) as an example, in order to ensure the electroplating effect, the inner surface cannot be too smooth or too rough. Because when it is too smooth, the lubricating oil may not be effectively distributed in the oil cylinder, causing the metal surface of the parts in the oil cylinder to directly contact, increasing the friction coefficient, and causing the plating layer to be more easily worn; and when it is too rough, the friction force suffered by the oil cylinder when it is stretched and contracted will be significantly increased, causing the plating layer to be more quickly worn and the service life of the oil cylinder to be shortened.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the surface roughness of the workpiece before electroplating the surface of the workpiece to ensure that the quality of the plating layer meets the expectations. Currently, traditional surface treatment methods such as polishing, grinding and honing are mostly used to achieve this. However, these traditional surface treatment methods can only control the surface quality (roughness) of the workpiece, and the effect is relatively single. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0005] The application aims to provide an ultrasonic machining assembly, a finishing device and a finishing system, which can effectively control the surface quality of the workpiece and effectively improve the surface hardness of the workpiece.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides an ultrasonic machining assembly, which comprises:

[0007] a support;

[0008] a plurality of transducers for converting high-frequency electric energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration;

[0009] a vibration inverter arranged on the support, the outer periphery of the vibration inverter being connected with a plurality of transducers arranged in sequence and at intervals in the circumferential direction, the vibration inverter being used for converting the high-frequency mechanical vibration of the plurality of transducers into high-frequency mechanical vibration in the axial direction of the vibration inverter; and

[0010] a machining roller rotatably connected to the axial outer end of the vibration inverter and used for ultrasonic rolling machining of the surface of the workpiece.

[0011] In some embodiments, the rotation axis of the machining roller is perpendicular to the axis of the vibration commutator and is located at the maximum amplitude position of the vibration commutator.

[0012] In some embodiments, the support frame comprises an elastic support plate located on the nodal surface of the vibration commutator, and the vibration commutator is fixed to the support frame by being coaxially connected to the elastic support plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the vibration commutator comprises a vibration absorbing portion and a commutating shaft body portion, the commutating shaft body portion has two ends respectively connected to the vibration absorbing portion and the machining roller, a plurality of the transducers are connected to the outer periphery of the vibration absorbing portion, and the commutating shaft body portion coaxially penetrates the elastic support plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the support frame further comprises a connecting plate and a plurality of grid plates, the connecting plate is arranged in parallel and spaced apart from the elastic support plate, the plurality of grid plates are collectively connected to the connecting plate and the elastic support plate and are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the circumference of the connecting plate, and the plurality of transducers respectively extend outward from the spaced apart areas between the plurality of grid plates.

[0015] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic machining assembly further comprises a surface roughness sensor for detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece, the surface roughness sensor is connected to the elastic support plate and is provided with a retractable probe.

[0016] In some embodiments, the plurality of transducers comprise a first transducer, a second transducer, a third transducer, and a fourth transducer arranged in sequence and at equal intervals along the circumference of the vibration commutator.

[0017] The second aspect of the present application also provides a finishing device, which comprises:

[0018] the ultrasonic machining assembly described above; and

[0019] a rotating mechanism for driving the ultrasonic machining assembly to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece to perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the circumferential wall surface of the workpiece.

[0020] In some embodiments, the rotating mechanism comprises a rotating shaft, a retractable structure, and a rotating driver, the retractable structure is connected to the rotating shaft and the support frame and is used to adjust the radial distance between the ultrasonic machining assembly and the rotating shaft, and the rotating driver is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate to drive the retractable structure and the ultrasonic machining assembly to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0021] In some embodiments, the folding structure comprises a first link, a second link, a third link, a first sliding cylinder, a second sliding cylinder, and a folding driver, the first sliding cylinder and the second sliding cylinder are axially slidably sleeved outside the rotating shaft and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft in the circumferential direction;

[0022] Two ends of the first link are respectively hinged to the support and the first sliding cylinder, two ends of the second link and two ends of the third link are respectively hinged to the support and the second sliding cylinder, the first link and the second link are arranged at an angle and the angle can be adjusted by the folding driver, and the second link and the third link are arranged in parallel and at intervals.

[0023] In some embodiments, the rotating mechanism further comprises a floating connector connected between the rotating driver and the rotating shaft and capable of floating in the radial direction.

[0024] In some embodiments, a plurality of the ultrasonic machining assemblies are provided, and the plurality of ultrasonic machining assemblies are arranged in sequence and at intervals around the rotating shaft, and the folding structure connects the rotating shaft and the supports of the plurality of ultrasonic machining assemblies.

[0025] In some embodiments, the finishing device further comprises a supporting mechanism capable of being fixed on the workpiece and supporting the rotating mechanism.

[0026] In some embodiments, the supporting mechanism comprises a supporting shaft, a tensioning structure, and a plurality of inner support assemblies, the plurality of inner support assemblies are arranged in sequence and at intervals around the supporting shaft and used for collectively tightening the inner circumferential wall surface of the workpiece, and the tensioning structure connects the supporting shaft and the plurality of inner support assemblies and is used for adjusting the radial spacing between the plurality of inner support assemblies and the supporting shaft.

[0027] In some embodiments, the tensioning structure comprises a first sliding sleeve, a second sliding sleeve, a tensioning driver, and a plurality of lever sets corresponding to the plurality of inner support assemblies respectively, the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve are axially slidably sleeved outside the supporting shaft and fixedly connected with the supporting shaft in the circumferential direction, and each lever set comprises a first lever, a second lever, and a third lever.

[0028] In each lever set, two ends of the first lever and two ends of the second lever are respectively hinged to the first sliding sleeve and the corresponding inner support assembly, two ends of the third lever are respectively hinged to the second sliding sleeve and the corresponding inner support assembly, the first lever and the second lever are arranged in parallel and at intervals, and the second lever and the third lever are arranged at an angle and the angle can be adjusted by the tensioning driver.

[0029] In some embodiments, the support mechanism further comprises a walking structure arranged on the inner support assembly and movable between a use position and a standby position; in the use position, the walking structure extends beyond the radially outer end of the inner support assembly to be capable of contacting the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece; in the standby position, the walking structure does not extend beyond the radially outer end of the inner support assembly to be capable of disengaging from the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece.

[0030] In some embodiments, the walking structure comprises a telescopic rod capable of telescoping along the radial direction of the support shaft, and a walking wheel connected to the outer end of the telescopic rod.

[0031] The third aspect of the present application further provides a finishing system, which comprises:

[0032] The finishing device as described above;

[0033] A traction device for moving the finishing device along the axial direction of the workpiece; and

[0034] A control device for controlling the finishing device and the traction device.

[0035] By the above technical solution, when the ultrasonic machining assembly of the present application is used to machine the surface of a workpiece, high-frequency electric energy needs to be input to multiple transducers, so that the multiple transducers convert the high-frequency electric energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration. The vibration commutator can absorb and collect the high-frequency mechanical vibration of the multiple transducers and convert it into high-frequency mechanical vibration along the axial direction of the vibration commutator, so that the machining roller connected to the axial outer end of the vibration commutator can perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the surface of the workpiece. Due to the action of ultrasonic energy on the surface of the workpiece, plastic deformation of the surface of the workpiece can occur to introduce residual stress, and the microstructure of the surface of the workpiece can change, so that the effects of finishing and surface strengthening can be achieved at the same time, that is, the surface quality of the workpiece can be effectively controlled, and the hardness of the surface of the workpiece can be effectively improved.

[0036] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the following specific embodiments to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from the structures shown in the drawings without creative labor. In the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a finishing system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a finishing device and a workpiece suitable for being finished by the finishing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of the finishing device according to the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2

[0041] Figure 4 FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic machining assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 FIG. 4 is a side view of the ultrasonic machining assembly according to the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4

[0043] Figure 6 FIG. 5 is a driving voltage waveform diagram of a transducer of the ultrasonic machining assembly according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 7 FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic machining track on a surface of a workpiece by the finishing device according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 8 FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a micro-mechanical anchor point distribution of the ultrasonic machining track according to the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7

[0046] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] 1 finishing device 2 traction device

[0048] 3 control device W workpiece

[0049] P micro-mechanical anchor point

[0050] 11 ultrasonic machining assembly 12 rotating mechanism

[0051] 13 supporting mechanism

[0052] 111 bracket 112 transducer

[0053] 113 vibration commutator 114 machining roller

[0054] 115 surface roughness sensor 121 rotating shaft

[0055] 122 rotating driver 123 first connecting rod

[0056] 124 second connecting rod 125 third connecting rod

[0057] 126 first sliding cylinder 127 second sliding cylinder

[0058] 128 retracting driver 131 supporting shaft​​​

[0059] 132 inner support assembly 133 first swing lever

[0060] 134 second swing lever 135 third swing lever

[0061] 136 first sliding sleeve 137 second sliding sleeve

[0062] 138 opening and closing driver 139 walking structure

[0063] 111a elastic support plate 111b connecting plate

[0064] 111c grid plate 112a first transducer

[0065] 112b second transducer 112c third transducer

[0066] 112d fourth transducer 113a vibration absorbing portion

[0067] 113b reversing shaft body portion DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0069] Referring to Figure 2 to Figure 6 The first exemplary embodiment of the present application provides an ultrasonic machining assembly 11, which comprises a support 111, a plurality of transducers 112, a vibration reverser 113, and a machining roller 114.

[0070] Specifically, the plurality of transducers 112 are configured to convert high-frequency electric energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration. The vibration reverser 113 is arranged on the support 111, and the outer periphery of the vibration reverser 113 is connected with the plurality of transducers 112 arranged in sequence and at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the vibration reverser 113 is configured to convert the high-frequency mechanical vibration of the plurality of transducers 112 into high-frequency mechanical vibration along the axial direction of the vibration reverser 113 (i.e., the axial direction of the vibration reverser 113). The machining roller 114 is rotatably connected to the axial outer end of the vibration reverser 113, and the machining roller 114 is configured to perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the surface of the workpiece W (including but not limited to the inner circumferential wall surface and the outer circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W).

[0071] By the above arrangement, when the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 of the present application is used to machine the surface of the workpiece W, high-frequency electric energy needs to be input to the plurality of transducers 112, so that the plurality of transducers 112 convert the high-frequency electric energy into high-frequency mechanical vibrations. The vibration direction changer 113 can absorb and collect the high-frequency mechanical vibrations of the plurality of transducers 112 and convert them into high-frequency mechanical vibrations along the axial direction of the vibration direction changer 113, so that the machining roller 114 connected to the axial outer end of the vibration direction changer 113 can perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the surface of the workpiece W. Due to the action of ultrasonic energy on the surface of the workpiece W, the surface of the workpiece W can be plastically deformed to introduce residual stress, and the microstructure of the surface of the workpiece W can be changed, which can achieve the effects of finishing machining and surface strengthening at the same time, that is, the surface quality of the workpiece can be effectively controlled, and the hardness of the surface of the workpiece can be effectively improved.

[0072] Since the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 of the present application can effectively control the surface quality of the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece W can be machined to have appropriate roughness before electroplating treatment, which will not be too smooth or rough, and can provide more microscopic mechanical anchor points, so that the combination between the plating layer and the surface of the workpiece is more firm, to ensure that the plating layer can be firmly attached and prevent the plating layer from falling off under high-pressure working conditions. In addition, appropriate roughness can promote uniform deposition of the plating layer and ensure uniform thickness of the plating layer, thereby effectively improving the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the plating layer. When the surface of the workpiece is the inner circumferential wall surface of a cylinder (including but not limited to a super-large and super-long cylinder), the improvement of the quality of the plating layer helps to effectively distribute the lubricating oil inside the cylinder, avoids direct contact between the metal surfaces of the parts in the cylinder, thereby reducing the friction when the cylinder is stretched and contracted, delaying the wear rate of the plating layer, and prolonging the service life of the cylinder.

[0073] In some embodiments, the rotation axis of the machining roller 114 perpendicular to the axis of the vibration direction changer 113 can be arranged at the maximum amplitude position of the vibration direction changer 113, so that the machining roller 114 can have a larger amplitude, and the rolling effect is further improved, thereby further improving the plastic hardening effect of the surface of the workpiece.

[0074] In some embodiments, the bracket 111 can include an elastic support plate 111a, and the vibration inverter 113 can be fixed to the bracket 111 by being coaxially connected to the elastic support plate 111a. In this structure, when the vibration inverter 113 vibrates in the axial direction, the elastic support plate 111a also produces elastic displacement in the axial direction due to the vibration, thereby expanding the axial movement range of the vibration inverter 113. Thus, the distance between the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 and the surface of the workpiece W does not need to be controlled very accurately to ensure that the machining roller 114 is in contact with the surface of the workpiece W due to the small amplitude of ultrasonic vibration. In other words, the movement precision requirement of the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 can be reduced due to the expansion of the axial movement range of the vibration inverter 113. In the case of reduced movement precision requirement, the machining roller 114 can still perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the surface of the workpiece W. Therefore, the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 has the advantages of easy operation and strong practicability.

[0075] Further, the elastic support plate 111a can be arranged on the vibration nodal surface of the vibration inverter 113, so that the vibration of the vibration inverter 113 is not transmitted to the bracket 111 through the elastic support plate 111a, thereby ensuring the overall stability of the bracket 111.

[0076] In some embodiments, the vibration inverter 113 can include a vibration absorbing portion 113a and a reversing shaft body portion 113b, and the two ends of the reversing shaft body portion 113b are respectively connected to the vibration absorbing portion 113a and the machining roller 114. In addition, a plurality of transducers 112 are connected to the outer periphery of the vibration absorbing portion 113a, and the reversing shaft body portion 113b coaxially penetrates the elastic support plate 111a.

[0077] Based on the arrangement of the present embodiment, the vibration absorbing portion 113a can absorb and convert the high-frequency mechanical vibration of the plurality of transducers 112 into high-frequency mechanical vibration in the axial direction of the vibration absorbing portion 113a. Since the vibration absorbing portion 113a and the reversing shaft body portion 113b are coaxially connected and fixed, the reversing shaft body portion 113b can also vibrate in the axial direction. Thus, the machining roller 114 connected to the reversing shaft body portion 113b can perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the surface of the workpiece W. In addition, the vibration of the reversing shaft body portion 113b can be transmitted to the elastic support plate 111a coaxially connected thereto, and the elastic support plate 111a also produces elastic displacement in the axial direction due to the vibration, thereby expanding the axial movement range of the vibration inverter 113.

[0078] In some embodiments, the support 111 can further include a connecting plate 111b arranged in parallel with the elastic support plate 111a and a plurality of grid plates 111c connected to the connecting plate 111b and the elastic support plate 111a and arranged in sequence and in parallel with the connecting plate 111b, and the plurality of transducers 112 can respectively extend outward from the space between the plurality of grid plates 111c. In this way, the compactness of the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 can be improved, the material cost of the support 111 can be reduced, and the overall weight of the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 can be reduced.

[0079] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 can include a surface roughness sensor 115 (such as an inductive roughness detector) for detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece W. For example, the surface roughness sensor 115 can be connected to the elastic support plate 111a and provided with a retractable probe. The retractable design of the probe can ensure that the probe is in contact with the surface of the workpiece, thereby ensuring the success rate and accuracy of the detection of the surface roughness sensor 115. In addition, the surface roughness sensor 115 can provide a structural basis for real-time monitoring of the finishing effect. On this basis, a control device 3 can be additionally provided to cooperate with the ultrasonic machining assembly 11. The control device 3 can automatically adjust the working state of the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 (such as adjusting the frequency and phase of the driving voltage of the plurality of transducers 112) according to the detection data of the surface roughness sensor 115.

[0080] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4 , the plurality of transducers 112 can include a first transducer 112a, a second transducer 112b, a third transducer 112c, and a fourth transducer 112d arranged in sequence and at equal intervals along the circumference of the vibration commutator 113. That is, the first transducer 112a and the third transducer 112c are arranged in pairs and located on the two radial sides of the vibration commutator 113, the second transducer 112b and the fourth transducer 112d are arranged in pairs and located on the two radial sides of the vibration commutator 113, and the first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c, and the fourth transducer 112d are arranged in a cross shape as a whole. In addition, the first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c, and the fourth transducer 112d can be further arranged to radiate radially along the vibration absorbing portion 113a.

[0081] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5The distance L between the outer axial end of the transducer 112 and the axis of the vibration absorption part 113a can be set to (λ+n*λ / 2) mm, the distance A between the elastic support plate 111a and the axis of the transducer 112 can be set to (λ / 4+n1*λ / 2) mm, the distance B between the elastic support plate 111a and the rotation axis of the processing roller 114 can be set to (λ / 4+n2*λ / 2) mm, the diameter C of the transducer 112 can be set to less than λ / 4, and the diameter D of the commutation shaft part 113b can be set to less than λ / 4, where λ is the ultrasonic vibration wavelength, and n, n1 and n2 are all non-negative integers.

[0082] By defining the dimensions of the aforementioned spacing L, spacing A, spacing B, and diameters C and D, the amplitudes of the paired first transducer 112a and third transducer 112c, as well as the paired second transducer 112b and fourth transducer 112d, can achieve the effect of peak superposition or cancellation by controlling the voltage phase of the high-frequency electricity. The processing roller 114 can achieve high power output, thereby further improving the plastic hardening effect of the workpiece surface and greatly improving the finishing efficiency.

[0083] In some embodiments, the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the third transducer 112c can be set to have the same frequency and a phase difference of π / 2, which are non-zero integer multiples. The driving voltages of the second transducer 112b and the fourth transducer 112d can be set to have the same frequency and a phase difference of π / 2, which are non-zero integer multiples. One of the frequencies of the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b can be set to a positive integer multiple of the other. The phase difference of the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b can be set to an integer multiple of π / 4.

[0084] Through the above settings, the following can be obtained: Figure 6 The diagram shows the driving voltage waveforms of the first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c, and the fourth transducer 112d. In the diagram, f1 is the driving voltage waveform of the first transducer 112a, f2 is the driving voltage waveform of the second transducer 112b, f3 is the driving voltage waveform of the third transducer 112c, and f4 is the driving voltage waveform of the fourth transducer 112d.

[0085] from Figure 6 It can be seen that after the driving voltage waveforms of the first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c and the fourth transducer 112d are superimposed, the ultrasonic processing component 11 is in a high voltage input state for most of the working time, which can effectively improve the ultrasonic vibration energy obtained by the ultrasonic processing component 11, thereby greatly improving the plastic hardening effect of the workpiece surface and greatly improving the finishing efficiency.

[0086] Referring to Figure 1 to Figure 3 , the second exemplary embodiment of the present application also provides a finishing device 1 which can include the rotating mechanism 12 and the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 described above. It should be noted that the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 can also be replaced by other forms of ultrasonic machining assemblies or other types of machining assemblies (including but not limited to polishing, grinding, honing, etc. machining assemblies), which are not limited by the present application.

[0087] Next, the finishing device 1 of the present application will be further introduced below with the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 as an example.

[0088] Specifically, the rotating mechanism 12 described above can drive the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece W to perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W (i.e. the inner circumferential wall surface and / or the outer circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W).

[0089] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 in the finishing device 1 is provided in multiple numbers, and the multiple ultrasonic machining assemblies 11 are arranged in sequence and spaced along the circumference of the workpiece W. At this time, the rotating mechanism 12 can drive the multiple ultrasonic machining assemblies 11 to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece W to perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W. Since the multiple ultrasonic machining assemblies 11 work simultaneously, the finishing efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0090] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 8 , the finishing device 1 is configured to be capable of machining multiple array-arranged micro mechanical anchor points P on the circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W by the multiple ultrasonic machining assemblies 11. By machining multiple regularly distributed micro mechanical anchor points P on the circumferential wall surface of the workpiece, the combination between the plating layer and the workpiece surface can be made more firm, ensuring that the plating layer can be firmly attached and preventing the plating layer from falling off under high-pressure working conditions, thereby effectively prolonging the working life of the plating layer.

[0091] In some embodiments, in order to obtain multiple micro mechanical anchor points P as shown in Figure 8 , referring to Figure 2 and Figure 7 , six ultrasonic machining assemblies 11 can be provided in the finishing device 1. Specifically, in any one of the ultrasonic machining assemblies 11, the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the third transducer 112c are set to be of the same frequency and a non-zero integer multiple of π / 2 phase difference, and the driving voltages of the second transducer 112b and the fourth transducer 112d are set to be of the same frequency and a non-zero integer multiple of π / 2 phase difference.

[0092] In addition, in any one of the ultrasonic machining assemblies 11, the frequencies of the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b are set to be the same.

[0093] Further, in any of the three ultrasonic machining assemblies 11, the phase difference of the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b in each ultrasonic machining assembly 11 is set as π / 4, so that the machining tracks of the three ultrasonic machining assemblies 11 on the workpiece surface are Figure 7 the track ① shown in FIG. 1.

[0094] Further, in any of the three ultrasonic machining assemblies 11, the phase difference of the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b in each ultrasonic machining assembly 11 is set as π / 4, so that the machining tracks of the three ultrasonic machining assemblies 11 on the workpiece surface are Figure 7 the track ② shown in FIG. 1.

[0095] Therefore, as a whole, the machining tracks of the six ultrasonic machining assemblies 11 in the finishing machining device 1 on the workpiece surface are Figure 7 the track ③ shown in FIG. 1, which is superimposed by the track ① and the track ②, and the intersection positions of the track ① and the track ② are the micro mechanical anchor points P shown in FIG. 1. Figure 8

[0096] Therefore, by controlling the driving voltage waveforms of the plurality of transducers 112, a complex machining track can be synthesized, and a plurality of micro mechanical anchor points P regularly distributed on the workpiece surface can be machined, so that the bonding force between the plating layer and the workpiece surface can be effectively improved, and the working life of the plating layer can be prolonged.

[0097] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , the rotating mechanism 12 can include a rotating shaft 121, a retractable structure, and a rotating driver 122. Specifically, the retractable structure is connected between the rotating shaft 121 and the support 111 and is used to adjust the radial distance between the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 and the rotating shaft 121, and the rotating driver 122 is used to drive the rotating shaft 121 to rotate to drive the retractable structure and the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 121. For example, the rotating driver 122 can be a motor or other types of drivers.

[0098] It can be seen that the finishing machining device 1 of the embodiment is suitable for finishing machining the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece W, and according to different inner diameters of the workpiece W, the finishing machining device 1 can adjust the radial distance between the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 and the rotating shaft 121 by using the retractable structure, so that the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 can always perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece W with different inner diameters, thereby making the finishing machining device 1 have strong versatility.

[0099] ​Further, when the plurality of ultrasonic machining assemblies 11 are arranged in sequence and at intervals around the rotating shaft 121, the retracting structure is connected between the rotating shaft 121 and the supports 111 of the plurality of ultrasonic machining assemblies 11, so that the retracting structure can be used to synchronously adjust the radial distance between the plurality of ultrasonic machining assemblies 11 and the rotating shaft 121.

[0100] In addition, if the elastic support plate 111a is arranged in the ultrasonic machining assembly 11, the machining roller 114 can be in contact with the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece W without the requirement that the rotating shaft 121 is aligned with the axis of the workpiece W, because the elastic support plate 111a can be elastically moved in the axial direction, so that the axial movement range of the vibration commutator 113 can be expanded, the axial movement range of the machining roller 114 can also be expanded, and the requirement for the alignment of the rotating shaft 121 with the axis of the workpiece W can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of using the finishing machining device 1 and improving the versatility, adaptability and practicability of the finishing machining device 1.

[0101] In some embodiments, the retracting structure includes a first connecting rod 123, a second connecting rod 124, a third connecting rod 125, a first sliding cylinder 126, a second sliding cylinder 127 and a retracting driver 128. Specifically, the first sliding cylinder 126 and the second sliding cylinder 127 are axially slidably sleeved on the rotating shaft 121 and circumferentially fixed with the rotating shaft 121, so that the first sliding cylinder 126 and the second sliding cylinder 127 can be synchronously rotated when the rotating shaft 121 rotates. In addition, the two ends of the first connecting rod 123 are respectively hinged to the support 111 and the first sliding cylinder 126, the two ends of the second connecting rod 124 and the two ends of the third connecting rod 125 are respectively hinged to the support 111 and the second sliding cylinder 127, the first connecting rod 123 and the second connecting rod 124 are arranged at an angle and the angle can be adjusted by the retracting driver 128, and the second connecting rod 124 and the third connecting rod 125 are arranged in parallel and at intervals.

[0102] Through the arrangement of the present embodiment, when the retracting driver 128 drives the first connecting rod 123 and the second connecting rod 124 to increase the angle, the distance between the first sliding cylinder 126 and the second sliding cylinder 127 is increased, the third connecting rod 125 is synchronously swung with the second connecting rod 124, so that the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 can be smoothly moved to approach the rotating shaft 121 under the driving of the first connecting rod 123, the second connecting rod 124 and the third connecting rod 125.

[0103] Conversely, when the retracting driver 128 drives the first connecting rod 123 and the second connecting rod 124 to decrease the angle, the distance between the first sliding cylinder 126 and the second sliding cylinder 127 is decreased, the third connecting rod 125 is synchronously swung with the second connecting rod 124, so that the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 can be smoothly moved to move away from the rotating shaft 121 under the driving of the first connecting rod 123, the second connecting rod 124 and the third connecting rod 125.

[0104] The expansion and contraction driver 128 can adopt different types of drivers such as linear motors, electric cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, etc., and the present application does not limit this.

[0105] In some embodiments, the rotating mechanism 12 can further include a floating connector (not shown in the drawings) connected between the rotating driver 122 and the rotating shaft 121 and capable of floating in the radial direction. When the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 is performing the finishing machining on the inner circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W, the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 will be subjected to the reaction force of the workpiece W, and by providing the floating connector, the reaction force can be buffered to avoid strong impact on the rotating driver 122 and reduce the durability of the rotating driver 122.

[0106] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 , the finishing machining device 1 further includes a supporting mechanism 13 capable of being fixed on the workpiece W and supporting the rotating mechanism 12. In this way, before the finishing machining on the circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W, the supporting mechanism 13 can be fixed on the workpiece W to provide a fixed basis for the finishing machining device 1 as a whole, and then the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 (which can also be replaced by other forms of ultrasonic machining assembly or other types of machining assembly) is driven by the rotating mechanism 12 to rotate along the circumferential direction of the workpiece W to perform the finishing machining.

[0107] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the supporting mechanism 13 can include a supporting shaft 131, a clamping structure, and a plurality of inner support assemblies 132. Specifically, the plurality of inner support assemblies 132 are arranged in sequence and spaced around the supporting shaft 131, and the clamping structure connects the supporting shaft 131 and the plurality of inner support assemblies 132 and is used to adjust the radial spacing between the plurality of inner support assemblies 132 and the supporting shaft 131. The supporting mechanism 13 of the present embodiment is suitable for supporting and fixing in the inner cavity of the workpiece W.

[0108] When it is necessary to fix the supporting mechanism 13 in the inner cavity of the workpiece W, the radial spacing between the plurality of inner support assemblies 132 and the supporting shaft 131 can be adjusted larger by the clamping structure, so that the plurality of inner support assemblies 132 can collectively tighten the inner circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W, thereby fixing the supporting mechanism 13 with the workpiece W, and providing stronger rigidity and stability for the finishing machining device 1, thereby effectively improving the finishing machining effect.

[0109] When it is necessary to move the finishing machining device 1, the radial spacing between the plurality of inner support assemblies 132 and the supporting shaft 131 can be adjusted smaller by the clamping structure, so that the plurality of inner support assemblies 132 are out of contact with the inner circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W, at which time the finishing machining device 1 can be moved conveniently and quickly.

[0110] In some embodiments, the opening and closing structure may include a first sliding sleeve 136, a second sliding sleeve 137, an opening and closing actuator 138, and a plurality of rocker arm assemblies corresponding to a plurality of inner support assemblies 132. Each rocker arm assembly includes a first rocker arm 133, a second rocker arm 134, and a third rocker arm 135. The first sliding sleeve 136 and the second sliding sleeve 137 are slidably sleeved on the outside of the support shaft 131 in the axial direction and are fixed to the support shaft 131 in the circumferential direction, so neither the first sliding sleeve 136 nor the second sliding sleeve 137 can rotate around the support shaft 131.

[0111] Furthermore, in each rocker arm assembly, the two ends of the first rocker arm 133 and the two ends of the second rocker arm 134 are respectively hinged to the first sliding sleeve 136 and the corresponding inner support assembly 132, and the two ends of the third rocker arm 135 are respectively hinged to the second sliding sleeve 137 and the corresponding inner support assembly 132. The first rocker arm 133 and the second rocker arm 134 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The second rocker arm 134 and the third rocker arm 135 are arranged at an angle and the angle can be adjusted by the opening and closing driver 138.

[0112] With the configuration of this embodiment, when the opening and closing driver 138 drives the included angle of the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135 to increase, the distance between the first sliding sleeve 136 and the second sliding sleeve 137 increases, and the first swing arm 133 and the second swing arm 134 swing synchronously. Thus, under the drive of the first swing arm 133, the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135, the inner support assembly 132 connected to the first swing arm 133, the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135 can move smoothly close to the support shaft 131.

[0113] Conversely, when the opening and closing driver 138 drives the included angle of the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135 to become smaller, the distance between the first sliding sleeve 136 and the second sliding sleeve 137 becomes smaller, and the first swing arm 133 and the second swing arm 134 swing synchronously. Thus, under the drive of the first swing arm 133, the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135, the inner support assembly 132 connected to the first swing arm 133, the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135 can move smoothly away from the support shaft 131.

[0114] The opening and closing actuator 138 can be of different types, such as linear motors, electric cylinders, and hydraulic cylinders, and this application does not limit it.

[0115] Furthermore, in Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the support shaft 131 is formed as a hollow shaft, in which case the rotation shaft of the rotary driver 122 passes through the support shaft 131 to be fixed to the first slide 126 (for example, by means of a floating connector), and the housing of the rotary driver 122 can be fixed to the end of the first slide 136.

[0116] In some embodiments, the support mechanism 13 further comprises a walking structure 139 arranged on the inner support assembly 132 and movable between a working position and a standby position. Specifically, in the working position, the walking structure 139 extends beyond the radially outer end of the inner support assembly 132 to be in contact with the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece W, so that the finishing machining device 1 can move along the axial direction of the workpiece W by the walking structure 139 to process different regions of the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece, which can save time and effort and greatly improve the processing efficiency. In the standby position, the walking structure 139 does not extend beyond the radially outer end of the inner support assembly 132 to be out of contact with the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece W, so that the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece W can be tightly supported by the plurality of inner support assemblies 132, and the finishing machining device 1 can stay in a certain axial region of the workpiece W to perform finishing machining.

[0117] In some embodiments, the walking structure 139 comprises a telescopic rod capable of telescoping in the radial direction of the support shaft 131, and a walking wheel connected to the outer end of the telescopic rod. By telescoping movement of the telescopic rod, the walking wheel can be controlled to be in contact with or out of contact with the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece W, so that the walking structure 139 is easy to move between the working position and the standby position.

[0118] With reference to Figure 1 The third exemplary embodiment of the present application also provides a finishing machining system, which comprises the aforementioned finishing machining device 1, the traction device 2 and the control device 3.

[0119] When it is necessary to move the finishing machining device 1 along the axial direction of the workpiece W to finish machine the surface of different regions of the workpiece, the finishing machining device 1 can be moved along the axial direction of the workpiece W by the traction device 2. It should be noted that in the case where the traction device 2 is provided, the finishing machining device 1 does not necessarily have the walking structure 139 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece W.

[0120] For example, the traction device 2 can adopt a winch mechanism and be arranged at both ends of the axial direction of the workpiece W, and the two winch mechanisms can realize traction of the finishing machining device 1 to drive the finishing machining device 1 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece W.

[0121] In addition, the control device 3 is used to control the finishing machining device 1 and the traction device 2, including but not limited to functions such as controlling the start and stop of the finishing machining device 1 and the traction device 2, controlling the actions of the support mechanism 13 and the rotating mechanism 12 in the finishing machining device 1, obtaining the detection data of the surface roughness sensor 115 to automatically adjust the working state of the ultrasonic machining assembly, etc.

[0122] In conclusion, the application provides a brand-new ultrasonic machining assembly 11, a finishing machining device 1 and a finishing machining system, which are especially suitable for machining the inner surface of an ultralarge and ultralong oil cylinder with different cylinder diameters, and have the technical advantages of high machining efficiency, effective control of the workpiece surface quality, improved workpiece surface hardness, on-line monitoring of the surface quality, and reduced alignment requirement with the oil cylinder.

[0123] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second" are used only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included at least one of the features. In the description of the application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0124] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected or communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0125] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0126] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic processing assembly, characterized in that, include: Support (111); Multiple transducers (112) are used to convert high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration; A vibration commutator (113) is mounted on the bracket (111). A plurality of transducers (112) are connected to the outer periphery of the vibration commutator (113) and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. The vibration commutator (113) is used to convert the high-frequency mechanical vibration of the plurality of transducers (112) into high-frequency mechanical vibration along the axial direction of the vibration commutator (113). The processing roller (114) is rotatably connected to the outer axial end of the vibration commutator (113) and is used to perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece (W).

2. The ultrasonic processing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotation axis of the processing roller (114) is perpendicular to the axis of the vibration commutator (113) and is located at the position of maximum amplitude of the vibration commutator (113).

3. The ultrasonic processing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket (111) includes an elastic support plate (111a) located on the vibration joint surface of the vibration commutator (113), and the vibration commutator (113) is fixed to the bracket (111) by being coaxially connected with the elastic support plate (111a).

4. The ultrasonic processing assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vibration commutator (113) includes a vibration absorption section (113a) and a commutation shaft section (113b). The two ends of the commutation shaft section (113b) are respectively connected to the vibration absorption section (113a) and the processing roller (114). A plurality of transducers (112) are connected to the outer periphery of the vibration absorption section (113a). The commutation shaft section (113b) is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate (111a).

5. The ultrasonic processing assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bracket (111) further includes a connecting plate (111b) and a plurality of grid plates (111c). The connecting plate (111b) is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the elastic support plate (111a). The plurality of grid plates (111c) connect the connecting plate (111b) and the elastic support plate (111a) and are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the connecting plate (111b). The plurality of transducers (112) extend outward from the interval area between the plurality of grid plates (111c).

6. The ultrasonic processing assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ultrasonic processing assembly (11) further includes a surface roughness sensor (115) for detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece (W), the surface roughness sensor (115) being connected to the elastic support plate (111a) and having a retractable probe.

7. The ultrasonic processing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of transducers (112) include a first transducer (112a), a second transducer (112b), a third transducer (112c) and a fourth transducer (112d) arranged sequentially and at equal intervals along the circumference of the vibration commutator (113).

8. A finishing apparatus, characterized in that, include: The ultrasonic processing assembly (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 7; and A rotating mechanism (12) is used to drive the ultrasonic processing assembly (11) to rotate circumferentially along the workpiece (W) to perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece (W).

9. The finishing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (12) includes a rotating shaft (121), a retractable structure, and a rotating driver (122). The retractable structure connects the rotating shaft (121) to the bracket (111) and is used to adjust the radial distance between the ultrasonic processing component (11) and the rotating shaft (121). The rotating driver (122) is used to drive the rotating shaft (121) to rotate so that the retractable structure and the ultrasonic processing component (11) rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft (121).

10. The finishing apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The retraction structure includes a first connecting rod (123), a second connecting rod (124), a third connecting rod (125), a first sliding cylinder (126), a second sliding cylinder (127), and a retraction actuator (128). The first sliding cylinder (126) and the second sliding cylinder (127) are slidably sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (121) along the axial direction and are fixed to the rotating shaft (121) in the circumferential direction. The first connecting rod (123) is hinged to the bracket (111) and the first slide cylinder (126) at both ends, the second connecting rod (124) and the third connecting rod (125) are both hinged to the bracket (111) and the second slide cylinder (127) at both ends, the first connecting rod (123) and the second connecting rod (124) are arranged at an angle and the angle can be adjusted by the retraction actuator (128), and the second connecting rod (124) and the third connecting rod (125) are arranged in parallel at intervals.

11. The finishing apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (12) also includes a floating connector connected between the rotating drive (122) and the rotating shaft (121) and capable of floating radially.

12. The finishing apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The ultrasonic processing assembly (11) is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple ultrasonic processing assemblies (11) are arranged sequentially at intervals around the rotating shaft (121). The retractable structure connects the rotating shaft (121) and the bracket (111) of the multiple ultrasonic processing assemblies (11).

13. The finishing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The finishing device (1) further includes a support mechanism (13) that can be fixed on the workpiece (W) and support the rotating mechanism (12).

14. The finishing apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that, The support mechanism (13) includes a support shaft (131), a tensioning structure, and a plurality of inner support components (132). The plurality of inner support components (132) are arranged sequentially and spaced apart around the support shaft (131) and are used to jointly support the inner peripheral wall of the workpiece (W). The tensioning structure connects the support shaft (131) and the plurality of inner support components (132) and is used to adjust the radial distance between the plurality of inner support components (132) and the support shaft (131).

15. The finishing apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that, The opening and closing structure includes a first sliding sleeve (136), a second sliding sleeve (137), an opening and closing driver (138), and a plurality of rocker arm groups corresponding to the plurality of inner support components (132). The first sliding sleeve (136) and the second sliding sleeve (137) are slidably sleeved on the outside of the support shaft (131) in the axial direction and are fixed to the support shaft (131) in the circumferential direction. Each rocker arm group includes a first rocker arm (133), a second rocker arm (134), and a third rocker arm (135). In each of the aforementioned rocker arm assemblies, the two ends of the first rocker arm (133) and the two ends of the second rocker arm (134) are respectively hinged to the first sliding sleeve (136) and the corresponding inner support assembly (132), and the two ends of the third rocker arm (135) are respectively hinged to the second sliding sleeve (137) and the corresponding inner support assembly (132). The first rocker arm (133) and the second rocker arm (134) are arranged in parallel intervals, and the second rocker arm (134) and the third rocker arm (135) are arranged at an angle and the angle can be adjusted by the opening and closing actuator (138).

16. The finishing apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that, The support mechanism (13) further includes a walking structure (139) disposed on the inner support assembly (132) and movable between a use position and a standby position; in the use position, the walking structure (139) extends beyond the radial outer end of the inner support assembly (132) to contact the inner peripheral wall of the workpiece (W); in the standby position, the walking structure (139) does not extend beyond the radial outer end of the inner support assembly (132) to disengage from the inner peripheral wall of the workpiece (W).

17. The finishing apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that, The walking structure (139) includes a telescopic rod that can extend and retract radially along the support shaft (131) and a walking wheel connected to the outer end of the telescopic rod.

18. A finishing system, characterized in that, include: The finishing apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 8 to 17; A traction device (2) is used to traction the finishing device (1) to move along the axial direction of the workpiece (W); and Control device (3) is used to control the finishing device (1) and the traction device (2).

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