Oil pumping unit with inverted hydraulic cylinder

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of oil pumping units, in particular to an oil pumping unit with an inverted hydraulic cylinder. The device comprises a rack, the rack is fixedly installed on a base, a platform is fixedly installed at the top of the rack, a left pulley and a right pulley are installed on the platform, an upper hydraulic telescopic device is vertically and fixedly installed at the bottom of the right side of the platform in an inverted mode, and at least one supporting base is fixedly installed at the top of a balance weight box. A lifting wheel is installed on the supporting seat through a connecting shaft, the lower end of an upper telescopic rod of the upper hydraulic telescopic device is connected with the connecting shaft, the left end of a rope is connected with a wellhead polish rod, and the right end of the rope sequentially bypasses the left pulley, the right pulley and the lifting wheel to be fixedly connected with the bottom of the right side of the platform. The oil pumping machine is reasonable and compact in structure and convenient to use, achieves the purpose of oil pumping through matched use of the machine frame, the base, the platform, the balance weight box and the rope, has the advantages of being safe, reliable and low in whole machine manufacturing cost, facilitates operation and greatly reduces maintenance cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of pumping unit, and is a hydraulic cylinder inversion type pumping unit. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, in the crude oil surface mining equipment, the beam type pumping unit still occupies the dominant position, it has simple structure, reliable and durable characteristics, but also has a variety of defects: for long stroke, large load machine type, its volume and steel consumption is large, large floor area, stroke, the number of parameters is relatively fixed, cannot stepless regulation, poor balance effect, low efficiency, high energy consumption, there are 'big horse pulling small car' and other problems, in addition, the later (motor, reducer, distribution box) maintenance cost is high.

[0003] In addition, in the heavy oil exploitation process, due to the large viscosity of crude oil, the generated frictional resistance is very large.When the sucker rod is descending, the viscous friction force makes its descending speed slow down, even stagnate, while the horse head and the suspension rope device continue to move downward, at this time, the suspension rope will be separated from the wellhead slickline, breaking the original balance state of the beam type pumping unit.When the sucker rod is ascending, the friction force intensifies and makes the working load increase.The pumping unit does not submerge to the specified position, and the crude oil cannot be completely pumped into the pump cavity, so the pump efficiency is low and the power consumption is large.

[0004] The traditional beam type pumping unit adopts four-bar linkage mechanism, and the ascending and descending time and speed remain constant, without considering the influence of the change of crude oil viscosity on the operation condition of the pumping unit, so the pumping unit has low pump efficiency and high idle energy consumption.

[0005] With the continuous breakthrough of oil exploitation technology, a series of new pumping units are developed. Patent document CN1353236A discloses a hydraulic pumping unit with variable frequency volume speed control, which comprises a mechanical device, a detection control device and a hydraulic control device. In the mechanical device, the polished rod of the pumping unit is directly connected with the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through the steel wire rope installed on the rollers at both ends of the upper base plate and the counterweight installed in the guide rail. The detection control device comprises a speed measuring photoelectric encoder, an alternating current vector frequency converter, a control detection unit and a speed position sensor. The alternating current vector frequency converter is connected with the motor through the speed measuring photoelectric encoder, and is also connected with the motor. The control detection unit is connected with the alternating current vector frequency converter, the electromagnetic reversing valve and the speed position sensor respectively. Patent document CN206503589U discloses a hydraulic counterweight tower type pumping unit, which comprises a base, a truss vertically arranged on the base, a fixed pulley arranged at the top of the truss, a driving motor connected with the rotating shaft of the fixed pulley, a steel wire rope wound on the upper side of the fixed pulley, a lifting device arranged at the lower end of the steel wire rope on the left side of the fixed pulley, an oil pumping rod vertically arranged at the lower part of the lifting device, a load sensor arranged on the lifting device, a hydraulic cylinder hingedly connected to the base, a load bearing block arranged at the extending end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the lower end of the steel wire rope on the right side of the fixed pulley being fixedly connected with the load bearing block, and a hydraulic control station arranged on the base and connected with the hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic oil pipe. These new pumping units have high technical content, but the whole machine has high cost, and it is difficult to use, maintain and repair, and a professional technical service team is required. SUMMARY

[0006] The hydraulic cylinder inverted type pumping unit provided by the utility model overcomes the defects of the prior art, and effectively solves the problems of high cost of the whole machine, difficulty in use, maintenance and repair, and the need for a professional technical service team.

[0007] The technical scheme of the utility model is realized through the following measures: a hydraulic cylinder inverted type pumping unit, which comprises a rack, a base, a platform, a balance counterweight box and a rope; the rack is fixedly installed on the base, the platform is fixedly installed on the top of the rack, at least one left pulley and one right pulley are correspondingly installed on the left top and the right top of the platform through supports respectively, an upper hydraulic telescopic device is vertically and fixedly installed on the right bottom of the platform, an upper telescopic rod extends downward from the upper hydraulic telescopic device, at least one support seat is fixedly installed on the top of the balance counterweight box, a lifting wheel is installed on the support seat through a connecting shaft, the lower end of the upper telescopic rod is connected with the connecting shaft, an oil well polished rod is connected with the left end of the rope, the right end of the rope sequentially passes through the left pulley, the right pulley and the lifting wheel, and is fixedly connected with the right bottom of the platform, and a stretch type position sensor is fixedly connected between the balance counterweight box and the base.

[0008] The utility model discloses the further optimization or / and improvement of the above-mentioned practical new-type technical scheme:

[0009] The oil pumping machine foundation is below the counterweight box, and the base is installed on the top of the oil pumping machine foundation.

[0010] The embedded steel plate is fixed on the top of the oil pumping machine foundation, at least one set of the accommodating roller is symmetrically installed on the front side and the rear side of the base through the support, the base is installed on the embedded steel plate of the oil pumping machine foundation through the accommodating roller, the installation groove is arranged on the right part of the base, the lower hydraulic telescopic device is horizontally fixed and installed in the installation groove, the lower telescopic rod is extended to the right on the lower hydraulic telescopic device, and the connecting device is fixedly connected to the right end of the base.

[0011] The upper hydraulic telescopic device and the lower hydraulic telescopic device are all hydraulic cylinders, at least one set of the jackscrew device is symmetrically fixed and installed on the front side and the rear side of the base, or the rope is a steel wire rope or a short pitch chain or a steel core belt.

[0012] The right side upper part of the rack is fixedly installed with the righting device, and the right end of the righting device is pressed on the left side surface of the upper hydraulic telescopic device.

[0013] The right side top of the base is fixedly installed with the elastic buffering device, and the elastic buffering device is located directly below the counterweight box, or the retractable dust cover is connected between the platform and the connecting shaft, and the upper hydraulic telescopic device is located in the retractable dust cover.

[0014] The hydraulic station is fixedly installed on the rack, the electric control cabinet is arranged on the outer side of the base, or the left end of the rope is connected together through the rope hanger and the well mouth polish rod.

[0015] The utility model discloses the cooperation of the rack, the base, the platform, the counterweight box and the rope, realizes the purpose of pumping, has the characteristics of safe and reliable and low whole machine cost, facilitates operation, and greatly reduces maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] ATTACHMENT Figure 1 It is the front view structural schematic diagram of the best embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] ATTACHMENT Figure 2 It is the left view structural schematic diagram of the best embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1

[0018] ATTACHMENT Figure 3 It is the right view structural schematic diagram of the best embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1

[0019] ATTACHMENT Figure 4 It is the plan view structural schematic diagram of the best embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 ATTACHMENT​​

[0020] The codes in the drawings are as follows: 1 is a rack, 2 is a base, 3 is a platform, 4 is a counterweight box, 5 is a rope, 6 is a left pulley, 7 is a right pulley, 8 is an upper hydraulic telescopic device, 9 is an upper telescopic rod, 10 is a support seat, 11 is a connecting shaft, 12 is a lifting wheel, 13 is a wellhead polished rod, 14 is a stretch type position sensor, 15 is a pumping unit foundation, 16 is a pre-embedded steel plate, 17 is a giving way roller, 18 is a lower hydraulic telescopic device, 19 is a lower telescopic rod, 20 is a connecting device, 21 is a top screw device, 22 is a centralizing device, 23 is an elastic buffering device, 24 is a telescopic dust cover, 25 is a hydraulic station, 26 is an electric control cabinet, and 27 is a rope hanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The utility model is not limited by the following embodiments, and the specific implementation mode can be determined according to the technical scheme of the utility model and the actual situation.

[0022] In the utility model, in order to facilitate the description, the relative position relationship of each component is described according to the layout mode of the drawings in the description, for example, the position relationship of front, back, top, bottom, left and right is determined according to the layout direction of the drawings in the description. Figure 1 Figure 1

[0023] The utility model will be further described in combination with embodiments and drawings as follows:

[0024] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 , 2 ​​The hydraulic cylinder upside-down pumping unit shown in the drawings comprises a frame 1, a base 2, a platform 3, a balance weight box 4 and a rope 5; the frame 1 is fixedly installed on the base 2, the platform 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame 1, at least one left pulley 6 and one right pulley 7 are respectively installed on the left top and the right top of the platform 3 through supports, an upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 is vertically fixedly installed on the right bottom of the platform 3, an upper telescopic rod 9 extends downward from the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8, at least one support seat 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the balance weight box 4, a lifting wheel 12 is installed on the support seat 10 through a connecting shaft 11, the lower end of the upper telescopic rod 9 and the connecting shaft 11 are connected together, a wellhead slick 13 is connected to the left end of the rope 5, the right end of the rope 5 sequentially passes through the left pulley 6, the right pulley 7 and the lifting wheel 12 and is fixedly connected together with the right bottom of the platform 3, and a stretching type position sensor 14 is fixedly connected between the balance weight box 4 and the base 2. The balance weight box 4, the wellhead slick 13 and the stretching type position sensor 14 are known publicly; two left pulleys 6 can be symmetrically installed on the left top of the platform 3 through supports, two right pulleys 7 can be symmetrically installed on the right top of the platform 3 through supports, the left pulleys 6 and the right pulleys 7 correspond to each other; two support seats 10 can be symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the balance weight box 4, the connecting shaft 11 can be installed on the two support seats 10, and two lifting wheels 12 are installed on the connecting shaft 11, the number of the lifting wheels 12 is equal to and corresponds to the number of the right pulleys 7; the upper end of the stretching type position sensor 14 can be fixed to the side of the balance weight box 4, and the lower part is connected with the base 2, so as to convert the position information of the balance weight box 4 and the base 2 into an electric signal for controlling the running direction and state of the valve core of a hydraulic electromagnetic reversing valve. In this way, through the cooperation of the frame 1, the base 2, the platform 3, the balance weight box 4 and the rope 5, the purpose of pumping oil is achieved, the hydraulic cylinder upside-down pumping unit has the characteristics of safety and reliability and low cost of the whole machine, and the operation is facilitated, and the maintenance cost is greatly reduced.

[0025] The hydraulic cylinder upside-down pumping unit can be further optimized or / and improved according to actual needs:

[0026] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 、 2 , below the balance weight box 4 is a pumping unit foundation 15, and the base 2 is installed on the top of the pumping unit foundation 15.

[0027] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 、 2, 3, 4, a pre-embedded steel plate 16 is fixed on the top of the pumping unit foundation 15, at least one set of displacement rollers 17 is symmetrically installed on the front side and the rear side of the base 2 through the support, the base 2 is installed on the pre-embedded steel plate 16 of the pumping unit foundation 15 through the displacement rollers 17; a mounting groove is arranged at the right part of the base 2, a lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is horizontally fixed and installed in the mounting groove, a lower telescopic rod 19 extends to the right on the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18, and a connecting device 20 is fixedly connected to the right end of the base 2. One set is two; the displacement roller 17 is installed on the base 2, the lower part of the displacement roller 17 is in contact with the pre-embedded steel plate 16 embedded on the upper surface of the pumping unit foundation 15, the displacement roller 17 is in rolling friction with the pre-embedded steel plate 16, the whole weight of the pumping unit is relatively light, and therefore only a small force is required to drive the pumping unit to displace. The lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is embedded in the right part of the base 2, and the specification and model of the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 are completely same as those of the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8. When not working, the lower telescopic rod 19 on the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is in a retracted state and is placed in the base 2 in a closed manner; when working, the lower telescopic rod 19 on the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is gradually extended, and when the lower telescopic rod 19 is in contact with the connecting device 20 on the base 2, the lower telescopic rod 19 on the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is fixed; when the lower telescopic rod 19 is retracted, the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is retracted relative to the connecting device 20 under the assistance of the displacement roller 17, the whole pumping unit is driven to move, and the displacement function is realized;

[0028] According to needs, the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 and the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 are both hydraulic cylinders; or / and, at least one set of jackscrews 21 is symmetrically fixed and installed on the front side and the rear side of the base 2; or / and, the rope 5 is a steel wire rope or a short-pitch chain or a steel core belt. One set is two; three sets of jackscrews 21 are arranged on the two sides of the base 2, and the jackscrew 21 can be a jackscrew; the function is that: when the utility model is installed, the centering condition of the utility model and the well mouth is adjusted by adjusting the telescopic length of the jackscrew; in addition, the jackscrew plays a limiting role in the movement of the displacement roller 17 when the pumping unit is displaced. In addition, because the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 and the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 are completely same in specification and model, the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 can be used as a spare part of the main drive hydraulic cylinder, and the later maintenance and replacement are facilitated.

[0029] As shown in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 , a righting device 22 is fixedly installed on the right upper part of the rack 1, and the right end of the righting device 22 is pressed against the left side of the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8. The left side of the righting device 22 is connected with the rack 1, and the right side is in close contact with the outer wall of the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8, so that the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 maintains a vertical downward movement state; the righting device 22 can be a righting rod, and the close contact part between the righting rod and the outer wall of the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 can be arc-shaped.

[0030] As shown in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 , 3As shown, an elastic buffer device 23 is fixedly installed on the top right side of the base 2, and the elastic buffer device 23 is located directly below the counterweight box 4; or / and, a retractable dust cover 24 is connected between the platform 3 and the connecting shaft 11, and the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 is located inside the retractable dust cover 24. The elastic buffer device 23 is set in the area projected below the counterweight box 4 to reduce the damage to the base 2 caused by the fall of the counterweight box 4; the elastic buffer device 23 can be an elastic pad; the retractable dust cover 24 is a known and commonly used device; the retractable dust cover 24 is retractable and plays a protective role in the extension and retraction process of the upper telescopic rod 9 on the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8.

[0031] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a hydraulic station 25 is fixedly installed on the frame 1; and / or an electrical control cabinet 26 is located on the outside of the base 2; and / or the left end of the rope 5 is connected to the wellhead smooth rod 13 via a suspension rope device 27. The hydraulic station 25, the electrical control cabinet 26, and the suspension rope device 27 are all existing, publicly known, and commonly used components.

[0032] Advantages of this invention: Compared with traditional beam pumping units, this invention has a simple structure and the transmission components are easy to maintain and replace; the whole machine has a compact structure and occupies a small area; the stroke and stroke parameters can be steplessly adjusted, and the operation is simple; it has excellent balancing effect, high working efficiency, and low energy consumption, and can use green energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy to provide energy; in addition, the pumping unit has a single-sided lifting capability, which makes it convenient to hang pumps later, and reduces the operating cost of the lifting vehicle per shift.

[0033] With continuous breakthroughs in oil extraction technology, a series of new mechanically directional and electrically controlled directional pumping units have been successfully developed. These new pumping units are technologically advanced, but their overall cost is high, and their use, maintenance, and upkeep are difficult, requiring a professional technical service team. Compared to the aforementioned new pumping units, the working pressure of the hydraulic transmission system depends on the load and is independent of the volume of liquid flowing into the system; the transmission of the hydraulic cylinder's movement speed relies on the principle of equal volume change, and the movement speed depends on the flow rate. This invention adopts a hydraulic transmission form, which has excellent adaptability to loads, and by adjusting the system flow rate, it is easy to achieve the operation control of actuators such as hydraulic cylinders.

[0034] The working process of the utility model is as follows: pumping unit installation process: according to the pumping unit installation layout, hoist the pumping unit foundation 15 and place it in the appropriate position of the well mouth, place the base 2 on the plane, adjust the installation position of the base 2 by the aid of the top wire device 21, so that it meets the installation technical requirements. Install the rack 1, platform 3, upper hydraulic telescopic device 8, centralizing device 22 and telescopic dust cover 24 in turn. After the pumping unit is powered on, the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 meets the requirements and other hydraulic circuits are normal. Then install the rope 5, fix its right end on the platform 3, and do not connect the well mouth at its left end. The upper telescopic rod 9 on the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 is extended to the appropriate length and connected with the balance weight box 4, then the upper telescopic rod 9 on the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 is retracted, driving the balance weight box 4 to gradually rise, after reaching the specified height, the left end of the rope 5 is connected with the well mouth polished rod 13 through the rope hanger 27. After the hydraulic and mechanical transmission components are installed, install the stretch type position sensor 14. After adjusting the telescopic length of the stretch type position sensor 14 and checking that the electrical system is normal, the pumping unit is tested, the whole machine is normal, and the installation and debugging work is completed.

[0035] Pumping unit working principle: the polished rod of the well mouth polished rod 13 has two working states of uplink (extension) and downlink (retraction), which is the same as the running state of the upper telescopic rod 9 on the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8. When the upper telescopic rod 9 on the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 gradually extends, the upper telescopic rod 9 on the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 exerts a pushing force on the balance weight box 4, and the pushing force and the gravity of the balance weight box 4 jointly lift the load of the well mouth polished rod 13. During the process of gradually retracting the upper telescopic rod 9 on the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8, the balance weight box 4 moves upward, and the upper telescopic rod 9 on the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 exerts a pulling force on the balance weight box 4, and the pulling force and the gravity of the balance weight box 4 jointly lift the load of the well mouth polished rod 13. The upper end of the stretch type position sensor 14 is connected with the side surface of the balance weight box 4, and the lower end is connected and fixed with the base 2. The extension and retraction of the upper telescopic rod 9 on the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8 is opposite to the stretch type position sensor 14, and the stroke of the pumping unit is set through the stretch type position sensor 14. When the direction of the transmitted electrical signal is converted at the starting point and the terminal point of the stroke of the upper hydraulic telescopic device 8, the conversion direction of the hydraulic reversing valve is controlled.

[0036] The shifting principle of the pumping unit is as follows: when not working, the lower telescopic rod 19 on the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is in the retracted state and is placed in the bottom base 2 in a closed manner; when working, the lower telescopic rod 19 on the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is gradually extended, and when the lower telescopic rod 19 is connected with the connecting device 20 on the bottom base 2, the lower telescopic rod 19 on the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is fixed; when the lower telescopic rod 19 is retracted, the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is retracted relative to the connecting device 20 with the assistance of the shifting roller 17, thereby moving the whole pumping unit to realize the shifting function; after the well repairing is completed, the lower telescopic rod 19 on the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is gradually extended, and the lower hydraulic telescopic device 18 is extended relative to the connecting device 20 to realize the resetting of the whole pumping unit.

[0037] The above technical features constitute the best embodiment of the present application, which has strong adaptability and the best implementation effect. The unnecessary technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. A hydraulic cylinder inverted type oil pumping unit, characterized in that... The system includes a frame, base, platform, counterweight box, and ropes. The frame is fixedly mounted on the base, and the platform is fixedly mounted on top of the frame. At least one left pulley and one right pulley are respectively installed on the top left and top right sides of the platform via supports. An upper hydraulic telescopic device is fixedly mounted vertically and inverted on the bottom right side of the platform. The upper hydraulic telescopic device has an upper telescopic rod extending downwards. At least one support base is fixedly mounted on top of the counterweight box. A lifting wheel is mounted on the support base via a connecting shaft. The lower end of the upper telescopic rod is connected to the connecting shaft. A wellhead smooth rod is connected to the left end of the rope. The right end of the rope passes through the left pulley, right pulley, and lifting wheel in sequence and is fixedly connected to the bottom right side of the platform. A tension-type position sensor is fixedly connected between the counterweight box and the base.

2. The hydraulic cylinder inverted type pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... Below the counterweight box is the pumping unit foundation, and the base is installed on top of the pumping unit foundation.

3. The hydraulic cylinder inverted type pumping unit according to claim 2, characterized in that... An embedded steel plate is fixed to the top of the pumping unit foundation. At least one set of clearance rollers are symmetrically installed on the front and rear sides of the base via supports. The base is mounted on the embedded steel plate of the pumping unit foundation via the clearance rollers. An installation groove is provided on the right side of the base. A lower hydraulic telescopic device is horizontally fixed in the installation groove. The lower hydraulic telescopic device has a lower telescopic rod extending to the right. A connecting device is fixedly connected to the right end of the base.

4. The hydraulic cylinder inverted type pumping unit according to claim 3, characterized in that... Both the upper and lower hydraulic telescopic devices are hydraulic cylinders; or / and, at least one set of set screw devices are symmetrically fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the base; or / and, the rope is a wire rope, a short-pitch chain, or a steel core belt.

5. The hydraulic cylinder inverted type pumping unit according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that... A straightening device is fixedly installed on the upper right side of the frame, and the right end of the straightening device presses against the left side of the upper hydraulic telescopic device.

6. The hydraulic cylinder inverted type pumping unit according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that... An elastic buffer device is fixedly installed on the top right side of the base, and the elastic buffer device is located directly below the counterweight box; or / and, a retractable dust cover is connected between the platform and the connecting shaft, and the upper hydraulic telescopic device is located inside the retractable dust cover.

7. The hydraulic cylinder inverted type pumping unit according to claim 5, characterized in that... An elastic buffer device is fixedly installed on the top right side of the base, and the elastic buffer device is located directly below the counterweight box; or / and, a retractable dust cover is connected between the platform and the connecting shaft, and the upper hydraulic telescopic device is located inside the retractable dust cover.

8. The hydraulic cylinder inverted type pumping unit according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that... A hydraulic station is fixedly installed on the frame; or / and an electrical control cabinet is located on the outside of the base; or / and the left end of the rope is connected to the wellhead smooth rod via a suspension rope device.

9. The hydraulic cylinder inverted type pumping unit according to claim 5, characterized in that... A hydraulic station is fixedly installed on the frame; or / and an electrical control cabinet is located on the outside of the base; or / and the left end of the rope is connected to the wellhead smooth rod via a suspension rope device.

10. The hydraulic cylinder inverted type pumping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that... A hydraulic station is fixedly installed on the frame; or / and an electrical control cabinet is located on the outside of the base; or / and the left end of the rope is connected to the wellhead smooth rod via a suspension rope device.

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