Impact test device

Abstract

An impact test device comprises: a liquid nitrogen tank; the output end of the liquid nitrogen tank is connected with the input end of the environment box; an impact test unit; the impact test part comprises a heat preservation box, a dip angle adjusting device and a clamping device, the dip angle adjusting device and the clamping device are both installed in the heat preservation box, the fixed end of the dip angle adjusting device is installed at the inner bottom of the heat preservation box, and the clamping device is fixedly installed at the rotating end of the dip angle adjusting device; the low-speed impact sample is placed at the rotating end of the inclination angle adjusting device and is clamped by the clamping device, and a hammer head channel is formed in the top of the heat preservation box and is arranged right above the low-speed impact sample; an environmental box; the cold output end and the heat output end of the environment box are communicated with the interior of the heat preservation box. Through cooperation of the liquid nitrogen tank, the environment box and the heat preservation box, sealing and heat preservation of the impact test environment are achieved, and tests of different impact angles can be simulated through cooperation of the inclination angle adjusting device and the clamping device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to impact test testing technical field especially relates to a kind of impact test devices. BACKGROUND

[0002] Composite materials have become the first choice of modern aircraft primary load-bearing structures due to their excellent high specific strength and high specific stiffness properties. However, in complex and variable service environments, composite aircraft components face severe challenges. In particular, some low-speed impact events occur simultaneously with extreme temperatures, and this temperature-impact coupling can significantly exacerbate material damage. In low-temperature environments, the increased brittleness of the matrix material makes the impact damage area more prone to crack initiation and rapid propagation. In high-temperature conditions, the softening of the matrix expands the impact damage area and exacerbates the severity of delamination damage. More importantly, the initial damage caused by low-speed impact can significantly reduce the residual strength and fatigue performance of composite structures. Therefore, during the design, manufacture, and maintenance of composite aircraft components, the temperature-impact multi-field coupling effect must be fully considered, and a comprehensive damage tolerance testing system must be established to ensure flight safety and structural reliability. The difficulty of high / low temperature low-speed impact fatigue performance testing technology lies in high / low environmental simulation and low-speed impact angle. Currently, the environmental simulation technology that meets the high / low temperature low-speed impact fatigue performance testing requirements is not mature, and the common low-speed impact device does not have high / low temperature environmental simulation, or the impact load is perpendicular to the sample, making it difficult to achieve arbitrary adjustable impact angle.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to develop an impact test device to solve the above problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The utility model aims at solving the above problems by designing an impact test device.

[0005] The utility model achieves the above-mentioned purposes through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An impact test device, comprising:

[0007] A liquid nitrogen tank, the output end of the liquid nitrogen tank is connected with the input end of the environmental box;

[0008] An impact test part, the impact test part comprises an insulation box, an inclination angle adjusting device, and a clamping device, the inclination angle adjusting device and the clamping device are both installed inside the insulation box, the fixed end of the inclination angle adjusting device is installed at the bottom of the insulation box, the clamping device is fixedly installed on the rotating end of the inclination angle adjusting device, a low-speed impact sample is placed on the rotating end of the inclination angle adjusting device and clamped by the clamping device, a hammer head passage is opened at the top of the insulation box, and the hammer head passage is directly above the low-speed impact sample;

[0009] The cold output end and the hot output end of the environmental box are respectively communicated with the inside of the heat preservation box.

[0010] Specifically, the inclination angle adjusting device comprises a rotating base, a rotating disc, a horizontal plate, a rotating pin and a clamping pin, one end of the horizontal plate is connected with the upper end of the rotating disc, the rotating base and the rotating disc are vertically arranged, the rotating base is provided with a first through hole, the rotating disc is provided with a second through hole, the rotating base is provided with a plurality of first positioning holes, the first positioning holes are arranged on a first arc with the first pin hole as the center, the rotating disc is provided with a plurality of second positioning holes, the second positioning holes are arranged on a second arc with the second pin hole as the center, the radii of the first arc and the second arc are the same, the two ends of the rotating pin are rotatably connected with the first through hole and the second through hole respectively, and the two ends of the clamping pin are arranged in one first positioning hole and one second positioning hole for angle adjustment of the horizontal plate.

[0011] Specifically, the clamping device comprises four elbow clamps, the four elbow clamps are all mounted on the horizontal plate, the low-speed impact sample is placed on the horizontal plate, and the four elbow clamps are used for pressing and clamping four corner portions of the low-speed impact sample respectively.

[0012] Further, the impact test part further comprises at least three positioning pins, the positioning pins are fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal plate, at least one of the positioning pins is used for clamping and positioning one end of the low-speed impact sample, and at least two of the positioning pins are used for clamping and positioning two side edges of the low-speed impact sample.

[0013] Further, the heat preservation box comprises a box body and an observation window hinged to the box body, the box body is formed in a cuboid shape, one side of the box body is provided with an opening, and the observation window is arranged on the side of the opening of the box body.

[0014] Preferably, the part of the inner side of the observation window in contact with the box body is provided with a ring of sealing rubber.

[0015] The utility model has the advantages of:

[0016] The liquid nitrogen tank, the environmental box and the heat preservation box are matched to realize the sealing and heat preservation of the impact test environment, and the inclination angle adjusting device and the clamping device are matched to simulate tests of different impact angles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the impact test part in the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a cooperation structural schematic view of the low-speed impact sample and the elbow clamp in the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the low-speed impact sample and the rotating impact platform in the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the rotating base and the rotating disc in the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detent pin in the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating pin in the present application;

[0024] Figure 8 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elbow clamp at the dead point in the present application;

[0025] Figure 9 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cross plate in the present application.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the low-speed impact sample and the rotating impact platform in the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0030] In the description of the utility model, it needs to be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "left", "right" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship commonly placed when the utility model product is used, or is the orientation or position relationship commonly understood by the person skilled in the art, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for differentiation in description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of the utility model, it also needs to be explained that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "arrange", "connect" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connect" can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be the communication inside two elements. For the person skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] The specific embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1 and 2 , an impact test device comprises:

[0035] A liquid nitrogen tank 14; the output end of the liquid nitrogen tank 14 is connected with the input end of the environmental box 15;

[0036] An impact test part 20; the impact test part 20 comprises a heat preservation box 2, an inclination adjusting device 4 and a clamping device, the inclination adjusting device 4 and the clamping device are both installed inside the heat preservation box 2, the fixed end of the inclination adjusting device 4 is installed on the inner bottom of the heat preservation box 2, the clamping device is fixedly installed on the rotating end of the inclination adjusting device 4, a low-speed impact test sample 3 is placed on the rotating end of the inclination adjusting device 4 and clamped through the clamping device, a hammer head channel 1 is arranged on the top of the heat preservation box 2, and the hammer head channel 1 is arranged directly above the low-speed impact test sample 3;

[0037] An environmental box 15; the cold output end and the hot output end of the environmental box 15 are respectively communicated with the inside of the heat preservation box 2.

[0038] In some embodiments, as Figure 1As shown, the environmental box 15 is a metal box structure, and the environmental box 15 is a high and low temperature test box produced by Shenzhen Wan Test Equipment Co., Ltd. with a model number of WGDY-7350-125F. The inside of the environmental box 15 is composed of three systems, namely a temperature control system, an air circulation system, and a control system. The temperature control system includes a high-speed electric heater, a compressor, and an evaporator. The high-speed electric heater is used to heat air to achieve a high-temperature environment. The compressor is used to compress liquid nitrogen into the evaporator. The evaporator is used to vaporize liquid nitrogen and cool down to achieve a low-temperature environment. The air circulation system includes a fan and an air duct to help the uniform distribution of liquid nitrogen cold air and maintain uniform temperature. The control system includes a liquid nitrogen control valve and a PID temperature control system. The liquid nitrogen control valve and the PID temperature control system work together to accurately adjust the flow of liquid nitrogen and the power of the heater to ensure temperature stability. The liquid nitrogen tank 14 is composed of an inner container, an outer shell, a vacuum layer, and a thermal insulation layer. It is equipped with a safety valve, a pressure regulator, a liquid taking pipe, and other components for the safe release and precise control of liquid nitrogen. The liquid nitrogen tank 14 is a prior art, and its specific component connections and working principles are not described here. The liquid nitrogen tank 14 is connected to the evaporator and the incubator 2 through a low-temperature channel 12 (low-temperature pipe). The high-speed electric heater is connected to the incubator 2 through a high-temperature channel 13 (high-temperature pipe).

[0039] In some embodiments, the drop hammer channel is arranged to facilitate the low-speed impact drop hammer to complete the impact action through the incubator 2. During the incubation stage, a baffle can be placed on the top of the drop hammer channel to temporarily close the drop hammer channel, facilitating incubation. When the drop hammer is performed, the baffle is removed.

[0040] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 and 5 As shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 9, the inclination adjusting device 4 includes a rotating base 5, a rotating disc 16, a cross plate 18, a rotating pin 8, and a clamping pin 9. One end of the cross plate 18 is connected to the upper end of the rotating disc 16, and the rotating base 5 and the rotating disc 16 are vertically arranged. The rotating base 5 is provided with a first through hole, and the rotating disc 16 is provided with a second through hole. The rotating base 5 is provided with a plurality of first positioning holes 19, and the first positioning holes 19 are arranged on a first circular arc with the first pin hole as the center. The rotating disc 16 is provided with a plurality of second positioning holes 17, and the second positioning holes 17 are arranged on a second circular arc with the second pin hole as the center. The radii of the first circular arc and the second circular arc are the same. The two ends of the rotating pin 8 are rotatably connected to the first through hole and the second through hole, respectively. The two ends of the clamping pin 9 are placed in a first positioning hole 19 and a second positioning hole 17, respectively, for angle adjustment of the cross plate 18 (the angle adjustment of the cross plate is achieved by cooperation of the clamping pin 9 with different first positioning holes 19 and different second positioning holes 17). The center of the cross plate 18 is provided with an opening for the hammer head to pass through, which facilitates the low-speed impact hammer head to pass through the cross plate 18 without interference from the cross plate 18.

[0041] In some embodiments, the rotating base 5, the rotating disc 16, the rotating pin 8, and the clamping pin 9 are all two, the two ends of the horizontal plate 18 are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two rotating discs 16, and the two rotating discs 16 are respectively rotatably connected with the two rotating bases 5. This design further ensures the stability and balance of the horizontal plate 18 under impact.

[0042] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 and 3 , the clamping device includes four elbow clamps 6, the four elbow clamps 6 are all installed on the horizontal plate 18, the low-speed impact sample 3 is placed on the horizontal plate 18, and the four elbow clamps 6 are respectively used to press and clamp the four corners of the low-speed impact sample 3. As shown in Figure 8 , the elbow clamp 6 is a multi-link self-locking mechanism, when the connecting rod is at the dead point position, the clamping arm directly contacts the low-speed impact sample 3 and applies clamping force, after reaching the dead point, the mechanism is self-locked due to geometric constraints, even if the external force on the handle is removed, the clamping force can still be maintained through the rigid structure of the connecting rod, without the need for continuous force, the elbow clamp 6 plays a fixing role to the sample during the impact stage, the clamping arm of the elbow clamp 6 has external threads, which can adjust the length of the clamping arm to achieve the purpose of clamping samples of different thicknesses. The elbow clamp 6 is a prior art, and its specific component connection relationship and working principle are not described here.

[0043] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 , the impact test part 20 further includes four positioning pins 7, the positioning pins 7 are fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal plate 18, two of the positioning pins 7 are used to block and position one end of the low-speed impact sample 3, and the other two positioning pins 7 are respectively used to block and position the two side edges of the low-speed impact sample 3. Through the positioning pins 7, the positioning of the low-speed impact sample 3 on the horizontal plate 18 can be realized, and the center of the low-speed impact sample 3 can be aligned with the center of the horizontal plate 18.

[0044] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 , the incubator 2 includes a box body and an observation window 10 hinged to the box body, the box body is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, one side of the box body is provided with an opening, and the observation window 10 is arranged on the side of the opening of the box body. Through the observation window 10 made of glass, the phenomenon of high / low temperature low-speed impact can be clearly and effectively observed.

[0045] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 , a ring of sealing rubber 11 is arranged on the part of the inner side of the observation window 10 in contact with the box body, and the sealing rubber 11 is made of high-temperature-resistant and anti-aging silicone rubber. The sealing rubber 11 is arranged to facilitate sealing and heat preservation when the observation window 10 is closed.

[0046] In some embodiments, the insulated box 2 is a metal box structure, with a fine and uniform fiber cotton insulation layer evenly distributed in its four sides; the edges of the box door are fitted with high-temperature resistant and anti-aging silicone rubber to facilitate sealing and insulation when closed; a glass observation window 10 is provided in the center of the box door to clearly and effectively observe the phenomenon of high / low temperature low speed impact; a high / low temperature channel is provided at the rear of the box to simulate the high / low temperature environment inside the box; a drop hammer channel is provided at the top of the box to facilitate the low-speed impact hammer to complete the impact action through the box. During the insulation stage, this channel is closed to facilitate insulation.

[0047] In some embodiments, the low-velocity impact specimen 3 is a composite laminate with a length of 150 mm and a width of 100 mm. The locking pin 9 is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, a tapered shaft with a shoulder is used to fix the angle of the tilt adjustment device 4. The rotating pin 8 is as follows... Figure 7 As shown, this is a round shaft with shoulders at both ends, connecting the rotating base 5 and the turntable 16 to adjust the impact angle. All components are arranged according to... Figure 1 and 2 After the positional relationships shown are coordinated and connected, and the environmental simulation device and impact angle are adjusted, high / low temperature and low speed impact fatigue performance tests can be carried out at different angles according to specific test requirements.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An impact testing device, characterized by, The impact test device comprises a liquid nitrogen tank, an environmental box, an impact test part, and a heat preservation box. The impact test part comprises a heat preservation box, an inclination adjusting device, and a clamping device. The inclination adjusting device and the clamping device are both installed inside the heat preservation box. The fixed end of the inclination adjusting device is installed on the bottom of the heat preservation box.

2. A shock testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The clamping device is fixedly installed on the rotating end of the inclination adjusting device.

3. An impact testing device according to claim 2, wherein The low-speed impact sample is placed on the rotating end of the inclination adjusting device and clamped by the clamping device.

4. The impact testing device of claim 2, wherein, A hammer head passage is arranged on the top of the heat preservation box and directly above the low-speed impact sample.

5. The impact testing device of claim 1, wherein, The environmental box is connected with the heat preservation box through a cold output end and a hot output end.

6. An impact testing device according to claim 5, wherein The inclination adjusting device comprises a rotating base, a rotating disc, a horizontal plate, a rotating pin, and a clamping pin. One end of the horizontal plate is connected with the upper end of the rotating disc. The rotating base and the rotating disc are both vertically arranged. The rotating base is provided with a first through hole. The rotating disc is provided with a second through hole. The rotating base is provided with a plurality of first positioning holes. The first positioning holes are arranged on a first circular arc with the first pin hole as the center. The rotating disc is provided with a plurality of second positioning holes. The second positioning holes are arranged on a second circular arc with the second pin hole as the center. The radii of the first circular arc and the second circular arc are the same. The rotating pin is rotatably connected with the first through hole and the second through hole at both ends. The clamping pin is arranged in one first positioning hole and one second positioning hole for angle adjustment of the horizontal plate. The horizontal plate is provided with an opening for the hammer head to pass through. The clamping device comprises four elbow clamps. The low-speed impact sample is placed on the horizontal plate. The four elbow clamps are used for pressing and clamping the four corners of the low-speed impact sample. The impact test part further comprises at least three positioning pins. The positioning pins are fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal plate. At least one positioning pin is used for clamping one end of the low-speed impact sample. At least two positioning pins are used for clamping the two side edges of the low-speed impact sample. The heat preservation box comprises a box body and an observation window hinged to the box body. The box body is in the shape of a cuboid. One side of the box body is provided with an open mouth. The observation window is arranged on the side of the open mouth of the box body. The inner side of the observation window in contact with the box body is provided with a ring of sealing rubber.

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