Emergency power supply device and on-board electrical system comprising such device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an emergency power supply device and a vehicle-mounted power grid comprising the same. The device comprises a super capacitor module which is composed of at least one single super capacitor, and each single super capacitor is configured to output preset single voltage; the first end of the DC / DC converter is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted power grid, the second end of the DC / DC converter is electrically connected with the super-capacitance module, and the DC / DC converter is configured to execute DC power conversion operation between the vehicle-mounted power grid and the super-capacitance module; and the microcontroller is used for monitoring the working state of the super-capacitance module in the charging and discharging process of the super-capacitance module and controlling the operation of the DC / DC converter according to the monitored working state of the super-capacitance module. The emergency power supply device has the advantages of high cost effectiveness, small size, stable performance and the like, benefits from good current release capability of the super capacitor at low temperature, and ensures that the vehicle door can be reliably and automatically unlocked under various conditions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to vehicle power supply technical field, more specifically, the utility model relates to an emergency power supply device and a vehicle-mounted power grid comprising the emergency power supply device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of electric vehicle technology, the performance and safety standards of passenger cars are also constantly improving and increasing. For example, the draft of the relevant safety standards for passenger cars proposes that after a collision of a passenger car, the doors must be automatically unlocked so that passengers can quickly evacuate the accident scene or facilitate external rescue.

[0003] In current vehicle design, low-end vehicles usually adopt a single low-voltage battery network architecture. This architecture has advantages in terms of cost and space occupation, but when a collision causes power failure, the entire low-voltage power network may be powered off, resulting in the inability of electric vehicle doors to automatically unlock, increasing the safety risk of passengers in a collision accident. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at solving the above-mentioned problems existing in the current vehicle power supply network, especially to ensure that the doors can be automatically unlocked after the vehicle is powered off to improve the safety of passengers. To this end, the utility model proposes a new emergency power supply device, which uses an ultracapacitor (EDLC) as an emergency energy source when the vehicle is powered off, and boosts the voltage to the vehicle working voltage through a bidirectional DC / DC converter to supply the vehicle electronic control unit or electric components, thereby realizing the automatic unlocking of the electric vehicle door after a collision.

[0005] The first aspect of the utility model provides an emergency power supply device for emergency power supply to electronic control units or electric components in a vehicle-mounted power grid when the vehicle is powered off. The emergency power supply device comprises:

[0006] An ultracapacitor module, the ultracapacitor module is composed of at least one single ultracapacitor, and each single ultracapacitor is configured to output a predetermined single voltage;

[0007] A DC / DC converter, the first end of the DC / DC converter is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted power grid, the second end is electrically connected with the ultracapacitor module, and the DC / DC converter is configured to perform a direct current power conversion operation between the vehicle-mounted power grid and the ultracapacitor module; and

[0008] A microcontroller, the microcontroller is configured to monitor the working state of the ultracapacitor module during the charging and discharging process of the ultracapacitor module, and control the operation of the DC / DC converter and / or the ultracapacitor module according to the monitored working state of the ultracapacitor module.

[0009] According to an optional embodiment, the emergency power supply device further comprises:

[0010] a current acquisition module configured to acquire, in real time, a working current of the super-capacitor module during charging and discharging of the super-capacitor module; and

[0011] a voltage acquisition module configured to acquire, in real time, a working voltage of the super-capacitor module during charging and discharging of the super-capacitor module,

[0012] wherein the microcontroller comprises a first sampling port connected to the current acquisition module and a second sampling port connected to the voltage acquisition module, and the microcontroller is further configured to control operation of the DC / DC converter and / or the super-capacitor module based on the working current and the working voltage of the super-capacitor module.

[0013] According to an optional embodiment, the microcontroller is further configured to control the DC / DC converter to perform a boost operation to supply emergency power to an electronic control unit or an electric component in the vehicle power grid by means of the super-capacitor module when the vehicle power grid is powered down in an emergency.

[0014] According to an optional embodiment, the microcontroller is further configured to control the DC / DC converter to perform a step-down operation to charge the super-capacitor module by means of a main power supply in the vehicle power grid when the working voltage of the super-capacitor module is lower than a predetermined threshold.

[0015] According to an optional embodiment, the DC / DC converter comprises a first half-bridge circuit electrically connected to the super-capacitor module, a second half-bridge circuit electrically connected to the vehicle power grid, and a resonant inductor arranged between a bridge node of the first half-bridge circuit and a bridge node of the second half-bridge circuit.

[0016] According to an optional embodiment, the emergency power supply device further comprises a signal transceiver communicatively connected to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is further configured to transmit a working state of the super-capacitor module to a vehicle controller via the signal transceiver.

[0017] According to an optional embodiment, the electronic control unit comprises a body controller, a door controller, and a domain controller, and the electric component comprises a door actuator and a window actuator.

[0018] The second aspect of the utility model provides a vehicle power grid, the vehicle power grid includes main power supply, is used for when the vehicle is powered on to the electronic control unit or electric component in the vehicle power grid supplies power, in addition, the vehicle power grid further includes the emergency power supply device as described above.

[0019] According to an optional embodiment, the main power source is a low-voltage auxiliary power source of the vehicle, an internal combustion engine generator, or a DC voltage converter connected to a high-voltage power source of the vehicle.

[0020] Compared with the conventional dual low-voltage power supply scheme, the emergency power supply device of the present application can realize energy supply after emergency collision (e.g., unlocking of vehicle door or window, emergency alarm, etc.) by using a single super capacitor (also referred to as "single super capacitor"), which has the advantages of high cost-effectiveness, small size, stable performance, etc. In particular, thanks to the good current release capability of the super capacitor at low temperature, the device ensures that the vehicle can be reliably and automatically unlocked under various conditions. In addition, the long service life of the super capacitor further reduces the maintenance cost of the vehicle power supply system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The specific embodiments incorporated by reference in the drawings and the subsequent detailed description with the drawings will make the other features and advantages of the method of the present application clear or more specifically explained. Figure One The specific embodiments for explaining some principles of the present application will make the other features and advantages of the method of the present application clear or more specifically explained.

[0022] Figure 1 A circuit structure diagram of the emergency power supply device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0023] Figure 2 A circuit structure diagram of the DC / DC converter in the emergency power supply device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0024] Figure 3 A simulation result diagram of the emergency power supply device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The emergency power supply device according to the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings and by way of embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without some or all of these specific details. In other instances, well known features have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present application. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that features and elements from different embodiments can be combined in any manner to form alternative embodiments, whether or not they are related to different embodiments. Thus, various aspects, features, embodiments and advantages of the present application are merely illustrative and are not restrictive in nature. The scope of the present application is only limited by the claims.

[0026] To avoid the power failure in the event of a vehicle collision, dual low-voltage battery architecture is commonly used in high-end vehicles. This design can continue to ensure the normal operation of the low-voltage power grid through another power supply when a single power supply fails in a collision, thereby ensuring the automatic unlocking function of the electric vehicle door. However, this dual low-voltage battery architecture has problems of high cost, large size, and performance surplus, and is difficult to arrange in limited vehicle space.

[0027] The utility model aims at solving the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art vehicle power supply network, and is particularly committed to ensuring that the vehicle door can be automatically unlocked after the vehicle is powered off to improve the safety of passengers. To this end, the utility model provides a new emergency power supply device. The device uses an ultracapacitor (EDLC) as an emergency energy source when the vehicle is powered off, and boosts the voltage to the vehicle operating voltage through a bidirectional DC / DC converter to supply the vehicle electronic control unit or electric components, thereby realizing the automatic unlocking of the electric vehicle door after a collision.

[0028] Figure 1 A circuit structure diagram of an emergency power supply device according to an exemplary embodiment of the utility model is shown. The device is designed to supply emergency power to electronic control units or electric components in the vehicle power grid when the main power supply fails due to an emergency situation in the vehicle (for example, in the event of a vehicle collision).

[0029] The "main power supply" here can be, for example, a low-voltage auxiliary power supply (usually 12V) in the low-voltage power grid of the vehicle, or an internal combustion engine generator inside the vehicle, or a DC voltage converter connected to the high-voltage power supply (usually a power battery) of the vehicle. The "electronic control unit" includes but is not limited to the body controller, door controller and domain controller, and the "electric component" includes but is not limited to the door actuator and window actuator. When the vehicle is powered off, the emergency power supply device can supply emergency power to such devices to ensure the execution of emergency operations, such as unlocking the vehicle door, thereby improving the safety of passengers.

[0030] As Figure 1 shown in the middle, the emergency power supply device mainly consists of an ultracapacitor module Cs, a DC / DC converter and a microcontroller MCU. The ultracapacitor module Cs is composed of at least one single ultracapacitor (i.e. supercapacitor, also known as "EDLC"), and each single ultracapacitor is configured to output a predetermined single voltage. In this embodiment, the voltage output of the selected single ultracapacitor is 3V, and the maximum working voltage is generally set to 90%, i.e. 2.7V. The supercapacitor (EDLC) is a new type of energy storage element, which has the advantages of high power density, long service life, fast charging and discharging capability, low internal resistance, strong environmental adaptability and high safety.

[0031] The first end of the DC / DC converter is electrically connected with the vehicle electrical network, and the second end is electrically connected with the super capacitor module. The DC / DC converter can perform direct current power conversion between the vehicle electrical network and the super capacitor module. For example, when the vehicle electrical network fails, the DC / DC converter can boost the voltage of the super capacitor module to the KL30 operating voltage range (about 12V) of the vehicle to supply the vehicle body / door controller or domain controller.

[0032] The MCU can monitor the operating state of the super capacitor module during the charging and discharging process of the super capacitor module, and control the operation of the DC / DC converter according to the monitored operating state of the super capacitor module. Specifically, the emergency power supply device includes a current acquisition module and a voltage acquisition module (ADC) for acquiring the operating current and operating voltage of the super capacitor module in real time during the charging and discharging process of the super capacitor module, respectively. The current acquisition can be realized by using a sampling resistor Rs. Figure 1

[0033] The microcontroller includes a first sampling port connected to the current acquisition module and a second sampling port connected to the voltage acquisition module. The microcontroller can control the operation of the DC / DC converter based on the real-time acquired operating current and operating voltage of the super capacitor module. Through the current acquisition module, the microcontroller can monitor the operating current of the single super capacitor. Once overcurrent occurs, the microcontroller will quickly turn off the super capacitor and the DC / DC to protect the circuit.

[0034] The microcontroller monitors the operating voltage of the super capacitor module in real time. When the operating voltage is lower than a predetermined threshold (for example, 2.7V), the microcontroller controls the DC / DC converter to work in a step-down mode to step down the main power voltage in the vehicle electrical network to a voltage suitable for charging the super capacitor module, so as to charge the super capacitor module. This charging method can ensure that the super capacitor module has sufficient energy supply in an emergency.

[0035] When the vehicle is in a collision or other emergency situation, the microcontroller controls the DC / DC converter to work in a step-up mode to step up the voltage of the super capacitor module to the operating voltage (for example, 12V) of the vehicle electrical network, so as to ensure that the electronic control unit or the electric component can continue to obtain power supply in an emergency.

[0036] In addition, during charging, the microcontroller continues to monitor the operating voltage of the super capacitor module through the voltage acquisition module to ensure that the charging is turned off when the voltage reaches 2.7V during charging, so as to avoid overcharging damage to the super capacitor; during discharging, when the single voltage drops to the lower limit of the DC / DC voltage operating range, the MCU also controls the DC / DC to be turned off to avoid damage to the power devices in the DC / DC.

[0037] ​As another example, the MCU can monitor the working current of the super-capacitor module through the current acquisition module, and when an overcurrent phenomenon occurs, the super-capacitor module and the DC / DC converter can be quickly turned off.

[0038] The emergency power supply device can further include a signal transceiver in communication connection with the MCU, and the MCU can transmit the working state of the super-capacitor module to the vehicle controller via the signal transceiver (for example, via a CAN bus), so that the vehicle controller can understand the working state of the emergency power supply device.

[0039] Figure 2 A circuit structure diagram of the DC / DC converter in the emergency power supply device according to an example embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0040] As shown in Figure 2 The DC / DC converter is composed of two half-bridge circuits and a resonant inductor L1, wherein the first half-bridge circuit is composed of power devices Q1 and Q2, which are electrically connected with the super-capacitor module, the second half-bridge circuit is composed of Q3 and Q4, which are electrically connected with the vehicle power grid, and the resonant inductor L1 is arranged between the bridge nodes of the two half-bridge circuits, for realizing the direct current voltage conversion operation. This circuit design can improve the efficiency and reliability of power conversion.

[0041] Figure 3 A simulation result diagram of the emergency power supply device according to an example embodiment of the present application is shown. The current of the door unlocking of the current vehicle is about 6A, and the vehicle body / door controller or domain controller responsible for the door unlocking is evaluated according to the power consumption of 6A / 12V, the super-capacitor module is composed of a single 330F super-capacitor, the lower limit of the working voltage is set to 2V, and the upper limit is 2.7V, and the simulation result is shown in Figure 3 .

[0042] As can be seen from Figure 3 , the single super-capacitor EDLC (330F) after DC / DC boost can support 12V / 6A load working for up to 6 seconds, which fully meets the power consumption demand of the automatic unlocking of the vehicle door after the collision. The emergency power supply device of the present application has the advantages of low cost, small size, stable performance, strong adaptability, long service life, etc., and is suitable for various vehicle models, especially for low-end cars, which can effectively improve the safety performance of the vehicle in emergency situations.

[0043] Compared with a conventional dual low-voltage power supply scheme, the emergency power supply device of the utility model can realize energy supply (for example, vehicle door or window unlocking, emergency alarm, etc.) after an emergency collision by using a single super capacitor (also referred to as a "single super capacitor"), which has the advantages of high cost-effectiveness, small size, stable performance, etc. In particular, thanks to the good current release capability of the super capacitor at low temperature, the device ensures that the vehicle can be reliably and automatically unlocked under various conditions. In addition, the long service life of the super capacitor further reduces the maintenance cost of the vehicle power supply system.

[0044] Another exemplary embodiment of the utility model also provides a vehicle-mounted power grid, which comprises a main power supply (for example, a low-voltage auxiliary power supply of a vehicle, which usually has a working voltage of 12V) for supplying power to electronic control units or electric components in the vehicle-mounted power grid when the vehicle is powered on, and further comprises the emergency power supply device of the utility model. The vehicle-mounted power grid can quickly provide emergency power supply when the main power supply of the vehicle fails by integrating the emergency power supply module, thereby ensuring that key electronic control units and electric components such as vehicle door actuators can work normally, and thus the safety and reliability of the vehicle are significantly improved.

[0045] In the utility model, the term "connection" refers to "electrical connection" or "communication connection". In addition, terms such as "contain" and "include" mean that the technical solutions of the application do not exclude the presence of other units that are not directly or explicitly expressed in addition to the units directly and explicitly expressed in the specification and claims.

[0046] In the utility model, those skilled in the art can understand that the disclosed system can be implemented in other ways. The system embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division, and another division mode can be used in actual implementation, for example, the functions of multiple modules can be combined or the function of a module can be further split. The modules in each embodiment of the utility model can be integrated in a processing unit, or each module can exist physically, or two or more modules can be integrated in a unit.

[0047] Although the utility model has disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, the utility model is not limited to this. Various changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model, and therefore the protection scope of the utility model shall be limited by the range defined in the claims.

Claims

1. An emergency power supply device for providing emergency power to electronic control units or electric components in the vehicle's electrical network during an emergency power outage, characterized in that, The emergency power supply device comprises: a super capacitor module composed of at least one single super capacitor, each single super capacitor being configured to output a predetermined single voltage; a DC / DC converter having a first end electrically connected to the vehicle electrical network and a second end electrically connected to the super capacitor module, and being configured to perform a direct current power conversion operation between the vehicle electrical network and the super capacitor module; and a microcontroller configured to monitor an operating state of the super capacitor module during a charging and discharging process of the super capacitor module, and to control the operation of the DC / DC converter and / or the super capacitor module according to the monitored operating state of the super capacitor module.

2. The emergency power supply apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The emergency power supply device further comprises: a current acquisition module configured to acquire a working current of the super capacitor module in real time during the charging and discharging process of the super capacitor module; and a voltage acquisition module configured to acquire a working voltage of the super capacitor module in real time during the charging and discharging process of the super capacitor module, wherein the microcontroller comprises a first sampling port connected to the current acquisition module and a second sampling port connected to the voltage acquisition module, and is further configured to control the operation of the DC / DC converter and / or the super capacitor module based on the working current and the working voltage of the super capacitor module.

3. The emergency power supply apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The microcontroller is further configured to control the DC / DC converter to perform a boost operation to supply emergency power to an electronic control unit or an electric component in the vehicle electrical network by means of the super capacitor module when the vehicle electrical network is in an emergency power-off state.

4. The emergency power supply apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by The microcontroller is further configured to control the DC / DC converter to perform a step-down operation to charge the super capacitor module by means of a main power supply in the vehicle electrical network when the working voltage of the super capacitor module is lower than a predetermined threshold.

5. The emergency power supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by, The DC / DC converter comprises a first half-bridge circuit electrically connected to the super capacitor module, a second half-bridge circuit electrically connected to the vehicle electrical network, and a resonant inductor arranged between a bridge node of the first half-bridge circuit and a bridge node of the second half-bridge circuit.

6. The emergency power supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by, The emergency power supply device further comprises a signal transceiver communicatively connected to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is further configured to transmit the operating state of the super capacitor module to a vehicle controller via the signal transceiver.

7. The emergency power supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by, The electronic control unit comprises a body controller, a door controller and a domain controller, and the electric component comprises a door actuator and a window actuator.

8. An electrical system for a vehicle, comprising a main power source for supplying power to an electronic control unit or an electrically powered component in the electrical system of the vehicle when the vehicle is powered on, characterised in that, The vehicle electrical network further comprises the emergency power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The electrical system of a vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that The main power supply is a low-voltage auxiliary power supply of the vehicle, an internal combustion engine generator, or a direct current voltage converter connected to a high-voltage power supply of the vehicle.

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