Distributed optical fiber vibration sensing monitoring system and equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing monitoring system and equipment. The monitoring system comprises a DVS monitoring module, a communication optical transmission module and a combiner. The combiner comprises a monitoring interface, a communication interface and a public interface; the common interface is optically connected with the optical fiber; the monitoring interface is used for transmitting monitoring light and scattered light signals with specific wavelengths, the communication interface is used for transmitting communication light with specific wavelengths, and the monitoring light and the communication light are different in wavelength; the combiner is in optical connection with the DVS monitoring module and the communication optical transmission module through the monitoring interface and the communication interface. Compared with the prior art, according to the utility model, the combiner is utilized to aggregate the monitoring light and the communication light which have different wavelengths, are emitted by the DVS monitoring module and are used for realizing the monitoring service through the monitoring interface and the communication interface to form the mixed light, and the mixed light is sent to the optical fiber, so that the optical fiber can be monitored by utilizing the DVS monitoring module on one optical fiber, and meanwhile, the optical fiber can be monitored by utilizing the DVS monitoring module. Communication services can be realized, and the utilization rate of optical fiber resources is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of optical cable monitoring, and more specifically, to a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring system and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of fiber optic technology, fiber optic communication is becoming increasingly prevalent in people's daily lives. Therefore, monitoring the status of optical cables and maintaining their normal operation has become particularly important. In existing technologies, because traditional DVS (Distributed Visualization System) equipment is used to monitor the wavelength of the optical fibers in the cable, which is the same as the wavelength of the communication light in the fiber, the DVS equipment can only monitor the unused optical fibers in the cable, thus limiting its application scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to overcome at least one of the defects of the prior art and provide a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring system and device, which can monitor the optical fiber using DVS equipment while realizing optical fiber communication services.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] This invention provides a distributed fiber optic vibration sensing and monitoring system.

[0006] The monitoring system includes a DVS monitoring module, a communication optical transmission module, and a multiplexer;

[0007] The multiplexer includes a monitoring interface, a communication interface, and a common interface; the common interface is used for optical fiber connection.

[0008] The monitoring interface is used to transmit monitoring light and scattered light signals of a specific wavelength, and the communication interface is used to transmit communication light of a specific wavelength. The wavelengths of the monitoring light and the communication light are different.

[0009] The multiplexer is optically connected to the DVS monitoring module through the monitoring interface, and the multiplexer is optically connected to the communication optical transmission module through the communication interface.

[0010] By setting a monitoring interface and a communication interface on the multiplexer, the monitoring interface and the communication interface are respectively used to receive monitoring light and communication light of specific wavelengths. The monitoring light and the communication light have different wavelengths, enabling the multiplexer to combine the two different wavelengths of monitoring light and communication light, which are used to realize monitoring services and communication services, through the monitoring interface and the communication interface, forming a mixed light that is sent into the optical fiber. This allows monitoring services and communication services to be executed simultaneously on a single optical fiber, improving the utilization rate of optical fiber resources.

[0011] Meanwhile, utilizing the principle of monitoring based on scattered light signals by the DVS monitoring module, the monitoring interface transmits directional light signals of a specific wavelength, thereby filtering out scattered light of other wavelengths. This allows the DVS monitoring module to effectively acquire the corresponding scattered light signals, and thus obtain the vibration status of the optical fiber through the scattered light signals, achieving the monitoring of the optical fiber.

[0012] Furthermore, the multiplexer includes a first communication interface and a second communication interface;

[0013] The first communication interface is used to transmit communication light of a first communication wavelength, and the second communication interface is used to transmit communication light of a second communication wavelength. The first communication wavelength and the second communication wavelength are different.

[0014] By setting a first communication interface and a second communication interface in the multiplexer, the range of communication services that the multiplexer can realize is expanded, and the utilization rate of optical fiber resources is further improved.

[0015] Preferably, the monitoring wavelength is 1570nm; the first communication wavelength is 1310nm, and the second communication wavelength is 1550nm.

[0016] Furthermore, the DVS monitoring module is equipped with a narrow linewidth laser emitting unit, an optical signal analysis unit, and a circulator;

[0017] The output end of the narrow linewidth laser emitting unit is optically connected to the first transmission port of the circulator.

[0018] The second transmission port of the circulator is optically connected to the monitoring interface;

[0019] The input terminal of the optical signal analysis unit is optically connected to the third transmission port of the circulator, and the output terminal of the optical signal analysis unit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the narrow linewidth laser emitting unit.

[0020] The narrow linewidth laser emitting unit is used to emit the monitoring light; the optical signal analysis unit is used to receive the scattered light signal and analyze it.

[0021] Furthermore, the narrow linewidth laser emitting unit includes a narrow linewidth laser and a laser amplification assembly;

[0022] The output end of the narrow linewidth laser is optically connected to the input end of the laser amplification component;

[0023] The output terminal of the laser amplification component is optically connected to the first transmission port of the circulator, and the control terminal of the laser amplification component is electrically connected to the output terminal of the optical signal analysis unit.

[0024] The narrow-linewidth laser is used to emit the monitoring light; the laser amplification component is used to amplify the monitoring light.

[0025] Furthermore, the laser amplification component includes a semiconductor optical amplifier and a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier;

[0026] The input terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier is optically connected to the output terminal of the narrow linewidth laser; the output terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier is optically connected to the input terminal of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier; and the control terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier is electrically connected to the output terminal of the optical signal analysis unit.

[0027] The output of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier is optically connected to the first transmission port of the circulator.

[0028] The semiconductor optical amplifier is used to amplify the power of the monitoring light emitted by the narrow linewidth laser; the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used to amplify the signal of the monitoring light after it has been amplified by the semiconductor optical amplifier.

[0029] Furthermore, the optical signal analysis unit includes a second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a photoelectric conversion component, and a signal analysis component;

[0030] The input end of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier is optically connected to the third transmission port of the circulator; the output end of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier is optically connected to the input end of the photoelectric conversion component.

[0031] The output terminal of the photoelectric conversion component is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal analysis component;

[0032] The output terminal of the signal analysis component is electrically connected to the control terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier.

[0033] The second erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used to amplify the scattered light signal; the photoelectric conversion component is used to convert the amplified scattered light signal into an electrical signal; and the signal analysis component is used to analyze the electrical signal.

[0034] Furthermore, the photoelectric conversion component includes an optical filter and a photodetector;

[0035] The input end of the optical filter is optically connected to the output end of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier; the output end of the optical filter is optically connected to the input end of the photodetector.

[0036] The output terminal of the photodetector is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal analysis component;

[0037] The optical filter is used to filter the scattered light signal amplified by the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier; the photodetector is used to convert the scattered light signal filtered by the optical filter into an electrical signal.

[0038] Furthermore, the signal analysis component includes a data acquisition unit and a data processor;

[0039] The input terminal of the data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the photodetector; the output terminal of the data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the data processor.

[0040] The output terminal of the data processor is electrically connected to the control terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier.

[0041] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the converted electrical signal, and the data processor processes and analyzes the acquired electrical signal; the data processor is also used to send a power-amplified drive electrical signal to the semiconductor optical amplifier.

[0042] This utility model also provides a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring device, the monitoring device including a housing;

[0043] The housing is provided with a first communication optical port, a second communication optical port and a common port; the first communication optical port is used to transmit communication light of a first communication wavelength, the second communication optical port is used to transmit communication light of a second communication wavelength, and the common port is used to connect to the optical fiber under test.

[0044] The housing contains a DVS monitoring module and a multiplexer;

[0045] The first transmission end of the multiplexer is optically connected to the first communication optical port; the second transmission end of the multiplexer is optically connected to the second communication optical port; the third transmission end of the multiplexer is optically connected to the DVS monitoring module; the common end of the multiplexer is optically connected to the common port; the third transmission end is used to transmit monitoring light and scattered light signals; the wavelength of the monitoring light is different from the first communication wavelength and the second communication wavelength.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0047] 1. This utility model provides a monitoring interface and a communication interface on the multiplexer. The monitoring interface and the communication interface are used to receive monitoring light and communication light of specific wavelengths, respectively. The monitoring light and the communication light have different wavelengths, enabling the multiplexer to combine the two different wavelengths of monitoring light and communication light through the monitoring interface and the communication interface to form a mixed light that is sent into the optical fiber. This allows for the simultaneous execution of monitoring and communication services on a single optical fiber, improving the utilization rate of optical fiber resources.

[0048] 2. This utility model transmits a scattered light signal of a specific wavelength through the monitoring interface, thereby filtering out light signals of other wavelengths. This enables the DVS monitoring module to effectively acquire the corresponding scattered light signal, and thus obtain the vibration status of the optical fiber through the scattered light signal, thereby realizing the monitoring of the optical fiber. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the monitoring system of this utility model.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of one specific embodiment of the monitoring system of this utility model.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the DVS monitoring module of this utility model.

[0052] Figure labels: DVS monitoring module 10, communication optical transmission module 20, multiplexer 30, monitoring interface 31, communication interface 32, first communication interface 321, second communication interface 322, circulator 11, first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12, second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 13, semiconductor optical amplifier 14, narrow linewidth laser 15, optical filter 16, photodetector 17, data acquisition unit 18, data processor 19. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this invention. To better illustrate the following embodiments, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing monitoring system. The monitoring system includes a DVS monitoring module 10, a communication optical transmission module, and a multiplexer 30. The DVS monitoring module 10 and the multiplexer 30, as well as the communication optical transmission module and the multiplexer 30, are connected through optical communication media such as optical fibers (not shown in the figure) to realize the transmission of optical signals.

[0056] Specifically, the multiplexer 30 includes a monitoring interface, a communication interface, and a common interface; the common interface is used for optical fiber connection.

[0057] The monitoring interface is used to transmit monitoring light and scattered light signals of a specific wavelength, and the communication interface is used to transmit communication light of a different wavelength.

[0058] The multiplexer 30 is optically connected to the DVS monitoring module 10 through the monitoring interface, and the multiplexer 30 is optically connected to the communication optical transmission module through the communication interface.

[0059] Understandably, the DVS monitoring module 10 emits monitoring light of a specific wavelength through the monitoring interface and receives the scattered light signal of a specific wavelength; wherein the scattered signal is generated by vibration disturbance received by the monitoring light during transmission in the optical fiber.

[0060] The communication optical transmission module transmits and receives communication light of a specific wavelength through the communication interface. Specifically, in this embodiment, the communication optical transmission module can act as an interface to obtain the communication light that the communication operator needs to transmit, and at the same time, it can also transmit the received communication light back to the communication operator to complete the communication service.

[0061] The multiplexer 30 combines the monitoring light input from the DVS monitoring module 10 with all the communication light input from the communication optical transmission module into a mixed light, and then transmits it to the corresponding optical fiber through the common interface. At the same time, since communication is bidirectional, the DVS monitoring module 10 also needs to receive the scattered light signal returned from the optical fiber to monitor the optical fiber. Therefore, the multiplexer 30 also receives the aggregated light in the corresponding optical fiber through the common interface, and separates the aggregated light into the scattered light and communication light of the corresponding wavelength, and transmits them to the DVS monitoring module 10 and the communication optical transmission module respectively.

[0062] In this embodiment, by setting the monitoring interface and the communication interface in the multiplexer 30, the monitoring interface and the communication interface are respectively used to transmit monitoring light and communication light of specific wavelengths. At the same time, the monitoring light and the communication light have different wavelengths, which enables the multiplexer 30 to combine the monitoring light and the communication light of different wavelengths, and input the combined light into an optical fiber, so as to realize the simultaneous execution of monitoring services and communication services through a single optical fiber.

[0063] As described above, the monitoring interface is also used to transmit scattered light signals of a specific wavelength, wherein the scattered light signals are mainly Rayleigh scattered light, which is compatible with the DVS monitoring module 10 of this embodiment. As is well known, the DVS monitoring module 10 mainly monitors the optical fiber based on the vibration it experiences. The principle is that when the optical fiber is vibrated, the laser transmitted in the optical fiber is affected by the vibration disturbance and generates reverse Rayleigh scattered light. By calculating the intensity of the Rayleigh scattered light, the vibration situation can be obtained, and thus the state of the optical fiber can be acquired.

[0064] However, in real-world scenarios, the scattered light returning from optical fibers contains various types of scattered light, including Rayleigh scattering, Brillouin scattering, and Raman scattering, in addition to Rayleigh scattering. To more accurately monitor the fiber status based on Rayleigh scattering, it is necessary to filter out other scattered light besides Rayleigh scattering. Therefore, taking advantage of the characteristic that Rayleigh scattering has the same wavelength as the corresponding monitoring light, while other scattered light has a different wavelength from the corresponding communication light, the monitoring interface is used to transmit Rayleigh scattering light of a specific wavelength. This filters out other scattered light, allowing only Rayleigh scattering light of a specific wavelength that matches the monitoring light to pass through, thereby effectively using the DVS monitoring module 10 to monitor the fiber status.

[0065] Specifically, in a preferred embodiment of this example, the communication interface includes a first communication interface 321 and a second communication interface 322. The communication optical transmission module transmits communication light of a first communication wavelength through the first communication interface 321, and simultaneously transmits communication light of a second communication wavelength through the second communication interface 322; wherein the first communication wavelength is different from the second communication wavelength.

[0066] By setting up a first communication interface 321 and a second communication interface 322, respectively for transmitting communication light of different wavelengths, the range of communication services can be expanded. Furthermore, the multiplexer 30 enables a single optical fiber to simultaneously perform monitoring services and two communication services.

[0067] Preferably, in this embodiment, the wavelength of the monitoring light can be set to 1570nm, the first communication wavelength can be set to 1310nm, and the second communication wavelength can be set to 1550nm.

[0068] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the DVS monitoring module 10 includes a narrow linewidth laser emitting unit, an optical signal analysis unit, and a circulator 11. Specifically, the output of the narrow linewidth laser emitting unit is optically connected to the first transmission port of the circulator 11; the second transmission port of the circulator 11 is optically connected to the monitoring interface; the input of the optical signal analysis unit is optically connected to the third transmission port of the circulator 11, and the output of the optical signal analysis unit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the narrow linewidth laser emitting unit. The narrow linewidth laser emitting unit is used to emit the monitoring light; the optical signal analysis unit is used to receive and analyze the scattered light signal.

[0069] The narrow-linewidth laser emitting unit includes a narrow-linewidth laser 15 and a laser amplification component; the output end of the narrow-linewidth laser 15 is optically connected to the input end of the laser amplification component; the output end of the laser amplification component is optically connected to the first transmission port of the circulator 11; and the control end of the laser amplification component is electrically connected to the output end of the optical signal analysis unit. The narrow-linewidth laser 15 is used to emit the monitoring light; and the laser amplification component is used to amplify the monitoring light.

[0070] The laser amplification component includes a semiconductor optical amplifier 14 and a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12;

[0071] Specifically, the input terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier 14 is optically connected to the output terminal of the narrow linewidth laser 15; the output terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier 14 is optically connected to the input terminal of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12; the control terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier 14 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the optical signal analysis unit; the output terminal of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12 is optically connected to the first transmission port of the circulator 11; the semiconductor optical amplifier 14 is used to amplify the power of the monitoring light emitted by the narrow linewidth laser 15; the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12 is used to amplify the signal of the monitoring light after it has been amplified by the semiconductor optical amplifier 14.

[0072] The optical signal analysis unit includes a second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 13, a photoelectric conversion component, and a signal analysis component;

[0073] Specifically, the input terminal of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 13 is optically connected to the third transmission port of the circulator 11; the output terminal of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 13 is optically connected to the input terminal of the photoelectric conversion component; the output terminal of the photoelectric conversion component is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal analysis component; the output terminal of the signal analysis component is electrically connected to the control terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier; the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 13 is used to amplify the scattered light signal; the photoelectric conversion component is used to convert the amplified scattered light signal into an electrical signal; and the signal analysis component is used to analyze the electrical signal.

[0074] The photoelectric conversion component includes an optical filter 16 and a photodetector 17.

[0075] Specifically, the input end of the optical filter 16 is optically connected to the output end of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12; the output end of the optical filter 16 is optically connected to the input end of the photodetector 17; the output end of the photodetector 17 is electrically connected to the input end of the signal analysis component; the optical filter 16 is used to filter the scattered light signal amplified by the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 13; and the photodetector 17 is used to convert the scattered light signal filtered by the optical filter 16 into an electrical signal.

[0076] The signal analysis component includes a data acquisition unit 18 and a data processor 19;

[0077] Specifically, the input terminal of the data acquisition unit 18 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the photodetector 17, and the output terminal of the data acquisition unit 18 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the data processor 19; the output terminal of the data processor 19 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier 14; the data acquisition unit 18 is used to acquire the converted electrical signal, and the data processor 19 processes and analyzes the acquired electrical signal. The data processor 19 is also used to send a power-amplified drive point signal to the semiconductor optical amplifier 14.

[0078] In one specific embodiment of this example, on one hand, the monitoring light emitted by the narrow linewidth laser 15 to the semiconductor optical amplifier 14 is amplified in power in the semiconductor optical amplifier 14, and then the amplified monitoring light enters the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12, where it undergoes further signal amplification. The amplified monitoring light then enters the circulator 11 through its first transmission port, and then through its second transmission port and the monitoring interface optically connected to the second transmission port, into the multiplexer 30. The monitoring light is then combined with the communication light emitted by the communication optical transmission module in the multiplexer 30, and finally emitted into the optical fiber through the common port of the multiplexer 30.

[0079] On the other hand, after the scattered light signal is returned from the monitoring interface, it enters the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 13 through the circulator 11. The scattered light signal is amplified in the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 13. After the signal is amplified, the Rayleigh scattered light is filtered by the optical filter 16, and then photoelectric conversion is performed by the photodetector 17 to convert the Rayleigh scattered light light signal into a corresponding electrical signal. Then, the data acquisition unit 18 collects the electrical signal and finally obtains the state of the optical fiber through the electrical signal, thereby realizing the monitoring of the optical fiber.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] Based on the same concept as in Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring device, the monitoring device including a housing;

[0082] The housing is provided with a first communication optical port, a second communication optical port and a common port; the first communication optical port is used to transmit communication light of a first communication wavelength, the second communication optical port is used to transmit communication light of a second communication wavelength, and the common port is used to connect to the optical fiber under test.

[0083] The housing contains a DVS monitoring module 10 and a multiplexer 30.

[0084] The first transmission end of the multiplexer 30 is optically connected to the first communication optical port; the second transmission end of the multiplexer 30 is optically connected to the second communication optical port; the third transmission end of the multiplexer 30 is optically connected to the DVS monitoring module 10; the common end of the multiplexer 30 is optically connected to the common port; the third transmission end is used to transmit monitoring light and scattered light signals; the wavelength of the monitoring light is different from the first communication wavelength and the second communication wavelength.

[0085] Understandably, the DVS monitoring module 10 emits monitoring light of a specific wavelength through the monitoring interface and receives the scattered light signal of a specific wavelength; wherein the scattered signal is generated by vibration disturbance received by the monitoring light during transmission in the optical fiber.

[0086] The multiplexer 30 combines the monitoring light input from the DVS monitoring module 10 with the communication light input from the first communication optical port and the second communication optical port into a mixed light, and then transmits it to the corresponding optical fiber through the common port. At the same time, since communication is bidirectional, the DVS monitoring module 10 also needs to receive the scattered light signal returned from the optical fiber to monitor the optical fiber. Therefore, the multiplexer 30 also receives the aggregated light in the corresponding optical fiber through the common port, and separates the aggregated light into the scattered light and communication light of the corresponding wavelength, and transmits the scattered light to the DVS monitoring module through the third transmission interrupt.

[0087] Preferably, in this embodiment, the wavelength of the monitoring light can be set to 1570nm, the first communication wavelength can be set to 1310nm, and the second communication wavelength can be set to 1550nm. Preferably, the DVS monitoring module can specifically be as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the second transmission port of the circulator 11 is optically connected to the third transmission port of the multiplexer; other features will not be described in detail.

[0088] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A distributed fiber optic vibration sensing and monitoring system, characterized in that, The monitoring system includes a DVS monitoring module, a communication optical transmission module, and a multiplexer; The multiplexer includes a monitoring interface, a communication interface, and a common interface; the common interface is used for optical fiber connection. The monitoring interface is used to transmit monitoring light and scattered light signals of a specific wavelength, and the communication interface is used to transmit communication light of a specific wavelength. The wavelengths of the monitoring light and the communication light are different. The multiplexer is optically connected to the DVS monitoring module through the monitoring interface, and the multiplexer is optically connected to the communication optical transmission module through the communication interface; The communication interface includes a first communication interface and a second communication interface; The first communication interface is used to transmit communication light of a first communication wavelength, and the second communication interface is used to transmit communication light of a second communication wavelength; the first communication wavelength and the second communication wavelength are different.

2. The distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wavelength of the monitoring light is 1570 nm; The first communication wavelength is 1310nm, and the second communication wavelength is 1550nm.

3. A distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The DVS monitoring module is equipped with a narrow linewidth laser emitting unit, an optical signal analysis unit, and a circulator. The output end of the narrow linewidth laser emitting unit is optically connected to the first transmission port of the circulator. The second transmission port of the circulator is optically connected to the monitoring interface; The input terminal of the optical signal analysis unit is optically connected to the third transmission port of the circulator, and the output terminal of the optical signal analysis unit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the narrow linewidth laser emitting unit. The narrow linewidth laser emitting unit is used to emit the monitoring light; the optical signal analysis unit is used to receive the scattered light signal and analyze it.

4. The distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The narrow linewidth laser emitting unit includes a narrow linewidth laser and a laser amplification assembly; The output end of the narrow linewidth laser is optically connected to the input end of the laser amplification component; The output terminal of the laser amplification component is optically connected to the first transmission port of the circulator, and the control terminal of the laser amplification component is electrically connected to the output terminal of the optical signal analysis unit. The narrow-linewidth laser is used to emit the monitoring light; the laser amplification component is used to amplify the monitoring light.

5. A distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The laser amplification component includes a semiconductor optical amplifier and a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier; The input terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier is optically connected to the output terminal of the narrow linewidth laser; the output terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier is optically connected to the input terminal of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier; and the control terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier is electrically connected to the output terminal of the optical signal analysis unit. The output of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier is optically connected to the first transmission port of the circulator. The semiconductor optical amplifier is used to amplify the power of the monitoring light emitted by the narrow linewidth laser; The first erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used to amplify the monitoring light after it has been amplified by the semiconductor optical amplifier.

6. The distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The optical signal analysis unit includes a second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a photoelectric conversion component, and a signal analysis component; The input end of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier is optically connected to the third transmission port of the circulator; the output end of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier is optically connected to the input end of the photoelectric conversion component. The output terminal of the photoelectric conversion component is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal analysis component; The output terminal of the signal analysis component is electrically connected to the control terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier. The second erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used to amplify the scattered light signal; the photoelectric conversion component is used to convert the amplified scattered light signal into an electrical signal; and the signal analysis component is used to analyze the electrical signal.

7. A distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The photoelectric conversion component includes an optical filter and a photodetector; The input end of the optical filter is optically connected to the output end of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier; the output end of the optical filter is optically connected to the input end of the photodetector. The output terminal of the photodetector is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal analysis component; The optical filter is used to filter the scattered light signal amplified by the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier; the photodetector is used to convert the scattered light signal filtered by the optical filter into an electrical signal.

8. A distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The signal analysis component includes a data acquisition unit and a data processor; The input terminal of the data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the photodetector; the output terminal of the data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the data processor. The output terminal of the data processor is electrically connected to the control terminal of the semiconductor optical amplifier. The data acquisition device is used to acquire the converted electrical signal, and the data processor processes and analyzes the acquired electrical signal. The data processor is also used to send a power-amplified drive electrical signal to the semiconductor optical amplifier.

9. A distributed fiber optic vibration sensing and monitoring device, characterized in that, The monitoring device includes a housing; The housing is provided with a first communication optical port, a second communication optical port and a common port; the first communication optical port is used to transmit communication light of a first communication wavelength, the second communication optical port is used to transmit communication light of a second communication wavelength, and the common port is used to connect to the optical fiber under test. The housing contains a DVS monitoring module and a multiplexer; The first transmission end of the multiplexer is optically connected to the first communication optical port; the second transmission end of the multiplexer is optically connected to the second communication optical port; the third transmission end of the multiplexer is optically connected to the DVS monitoring module; the common end of the multiplexer is optically connected to the common port; the third transmission end is used to transmit monitoring light and scattered light signals; the wavelength of the monitoring light is different from the first communication wavelength and the second communication wavelength.

10. A distributed optical fiber vibration sensing and monitoring device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The wavelength of the monitoring light is set to 1570nm, the first communication wavelength is set to 1310nm, and the second communication wavelength is set to 1550nm.

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