Material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission reflection method

Abstract

The utility model discloses a material defect detection device based on an ultrasonic transmission reflection method. The material defect detection device comprises an AD sampler (1), a pulse signal source (2), a directional coupler (3), a first ultrasonic probe (4), a test sample (5), a pulse amplifier (6) and a matched load (7), the directional coupler (3) is provided with a first port (8), a second port (9) and a third port (10), the first port (8) is communicated with the third port (10), and the second port (9) only receives part of echo signals of the third port (10), so that the AD sampler (1) is connected with the second port (9), and detection signals from the first ultrasonic probe (4) can be acquired in real time; the AD sampling device (1), the pulse signal source (2) and the directional coupler (3) are integrated in the packaging shell (11), signal connection in the packaging shell (11) is fixed, only the first external port (12) and the second external port (13) are arranged, and two tests of an ultrasonic transmission method and a reflection method can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission and reflection method is disclosed, relating to the field of material defect detection, and particularly to an ultrasonic defect detection system. Background Technology

[0002] With social development and technological advancements, material flaw detection testing is becoming increasingly important in both military and civilian applications. Among these methods, ultrasonic testing has garnered significant attention due to its advantages such as high safety, no radiation, real-time dynamic testing, non-invasiveness, and repeatability. Ultrasonic testing is generally divided into two methods based on its testing principle: transmission and reflection. Transmission testing utilizes the transmission of ultrasonic signals from a transceiver probe for defect detection. When defects exist within the material, they affect the transmission of the ultrasonic signal, resulting in a weak or even nonexistent signal received by the receiving probe. The advantage of transmission testing is that the ultrasonic signal travels only one thickness within the material, leading to relatively low signal attenuation and allowing for the detection of thicker materials. However, its drawback is the requirement for sufficient testing space on both sides of the sample, thus placing higher demands on on-site material testing. Reflection testing, on the other hand, is based on the reflection of ultrasonic signals from defects. Therefore, the depth of defects can be assessed by utilizing the time difference between the reflected echoes from the material surface and the defect. Furthermore, since reflection testing only requires testing one side of the sample, it has lower requirements for on-site material testing. However, its disadvantage is that the signal travels twice the distance within the sample, resulting in greater signal attenuation and making it difficult to detect thicker materials. Based on the principles of ultrasonic transmission and reflection methods, this invention utilizes the function of a directional coupler to propose a defect detection system that can be used for ultrasonic transmission and reflection methods, fully combining the detection advantages of transmission and reflection methods to increase the means of detecting defects in materials. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to enable the ultrasonic testing device to implement both ultrasonic transmission and reflection testing methods. By combining the advantages of the two testing methods, different detection methods can be adopted for materials under different conditions, thereby increasing the means of detecting material defects and improving the possibility of detecting material defects.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0005] A material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission and reflection method, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1As shown, the system includes: an AD sampling unit 1, a pulse signal source 2, a directional coupler 3, a first ultrasonic probe 4, a test sample 5, a pulse amplifier 6, and a matching load 7. The directional coupler 3 has a first port 8, a second port 9, and a third port 10. The first port 8 and the third port 10 can transmit ultrasonic signals to each other. The second port 9 can receive a portion of the ultrasonic signal from the third port 10 but cannot receive the signal from the first port 8. Therefore, connecting the AD sampling unit 1 to the second port 9 allows for real-time acquisition of the detection signal from the first ultrasonic probe 4. The AD sampling unit 1, the pulse signal source 2, and the directional coupler 3 are integrated within a housing 11 for portability. The signal connections inside the housing 11 remain fixed; only the first external port 12 and the second external port 13 are configured to achieve both ultrasonic transmission and reflection testing methods. In the transmission method, the first external port 12 is connected to the input of the pulse amplifier 6, and the output of the pulse amplifier 6 is connected to the second ultrasonic probe 4'. Therefore, the pulse signal from the pulse signal source 2, after being amplified by the pulse amplifier 6, can be transmitted to the surface of the test sample 5 via the second ultrasonic probe 4'. The other side of the test sample 5 is received by the first ultrasonic probe 4. When there is a defect inside the sample, the transmitted signal cannot propagate to the first ultrasonic probe 4, thus achieving the acquisition of defect information. In the reflection method, the second external port 13 is connected to the output of the pulse amplifier 6, allowing the pulse signal from the pulse amplifier 6 to flow to the first ultrasonic probe 4 via the first port 8. When there is a defect inside the sample, the transmitted signal is reflected at the defect, and the generated reflected echo flows to the second port 9 via the third port 10. Therefore, the AD sampling 1 can receive the reflected echo, thus achieving the acquisition of defect information.

[0006] As a preferred method, see attached Figure 1 As shown, the matching load 7 plays a noise reduction role in the ultrasonic transmission method. When the first ultrasonic probe 4 receives the ultrasonic signal, according to the function of the directional coupler 3, the signal of the third port 10 will be received by the second port 9 and the first port 8 respectively. If the matching load 7 is not used to absorb the ultrasonic signal of the first port 8, the ultrasonic signal of the first port 8 will be reflected back to the third port 10, thereby causing secondary interference to the ultrasonic signal of the first ultrasonic probe 4.

[0007] As a preferred method, see attached Figure 2 Or attached Figure 3 As shown, an ultrasonic coupling medium 14 should be filled between the first ultrasonic probe 4 and the sample 5 to ensure that the ultrasonic signal can be effectively transmitted to the test sample 5.

[0008] As a preferred method, see attached Figure 1As shown, the first port 8 and the second port 9 of the directional coupler 3 are isolated. Therefore, in the ultrasonic reflection method, the pulse signal of the pulse amplifier 6 will not be coupled to the second port 9 through the first port 8, thereby reducing the interference of the power amplifier signal on the received signal.

[0009] As a preferred approach, a material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission and reflection method combines the advantages of transmission and reflection methods, providing more detection methods for the test sample 5 and greatly increasing the possibility of defect detection.

[0010] The material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission and reflection method provided by this invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

[0011] I. By utilizing the signal transmission characteristics of the directional coupler, a simple switch between ultrasonic transmission and reflection methods for materials can be achieved without changing the internal structure of the device, thus complementing the detection advantages of the two methods.

[0012] Second, by utilizing the signal isolation characteristics of directional couplers and combining them with a matched load, interference signals from both transmission and reflection methods can be suppressed. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission and reflection method.

[0014] Appendix Figure 2 This describes the defect signal detection principle of the ultrasonic reflection method.

[0015] Appendix Figure 3 This describes the defect signal detection principle using ultrasonic transmission.

[0016] Wherein, 1 is AD sampling, 2 is pulse signal source, 3 is directional coupler, 4 is first ultrasonic probe, 4′ is second ultrasonic probe, 5 is test sample, 6 is pulse amplifier, 7 is matching load, 8 is first port, 9 is second port, 10 is third port, 11 is package housing, 12 is first external port, 13 is second external port, and 14 is ultrasonic coupling medium. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0018] A material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission and reflection method, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1As shown, the system includes: an AD sampling unit 1, a pulse signal source 2, a directional coupler 3, a first ultrasonic probe 4, a test sample 5, a pulse amplifier 6, and a matching load 7. The directional coupler 3 has a first port 8, a second port 9, and a third port 10. The first port 8 and the third port 10 can transmit ultrasonic signals to each other. The second port 9 can receive a portion of the ultrasonic signal from the third port 10 but cannot receive the signal from the first port 8. Therefore, connecting the AD sampling unit 1 to the second port 9 allows for real-time acquisition of the detection signal from the first ultrasonic probe 4. The AD sampling unit 1, the pulse signal source 2, and the directional coupler 3 are integrated within a housing 11 for portability. The signal connections inside the housing 11 remain fixed; only the first external port 12 and the second external port 13 are configured to achieve both ultrasonic transmission and reflection testing methods. In the transmission method, the first external port 12 is connected to the input of the pulse amplifier 6, and the output of the pulse amplifier 6 is connected to the second ultrasonic probe 4'. Therefore, the pulse signal from the pulse signal source 2, after being amplified by the pulse amplifier 6, can be transmitted to the surface of the test sample 5 via the second ultrasonic probe 4'. The other side of the test sample 5 is received by the first ultrasonic probe 4. When there is a defect inside the sample, the transmitted signal cannot propagate to the first ultrasonic probe 4, thus achieving the acquisition of defect information. In the reflection method, the second external port 13 is connected to the output of the pulse amplifier 6, allowing the pulse signal from the pulse amplifier 6 to flow to the first ultrasonic probe 4 via the first port 8. When there is a defect inside the sample, the transmitted signal is reflected at the defect, and the generated reflected echo flows to the second port 9 via the third port 10. Therefore, the AD sampling 1 can receive the reflected echo, thus achieving the acquisition of defect information.

[0019] Furthermore, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 As shown, the matching load 7 plays a noise reduction role in the ultrasonic transmission method. When the first ultrasonic probe 4 receives the ultrasonic signal, according to the function of the directional coupler 3, the signal of the third port 10 will be received by the second port 9 and the first port 8 respectively. If the matching load 7 is not used to absorb the ultrasonic signal of the first port 8, the ultrasonic signal of the first port 8 will be reflected back to the third port 10, thereby causing secondary interference to the ultrasonic signal of the first ultrasonic probe 4.

[0020] Furthermore, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 Or attached Figure 3 As shown, an ultrasonic coupling medium 14 should be filled between the first ultrasonic probe 4 and the test sample 5 to ensure that the ultrasonic signal can be effectively transmitted to the test sample 5.

[0021] Furthermore, as shown in the appendix Figure 1As shown, the first port 8 and the second port 9 of the directional coupler 3 are isolated. Therefore, in the ultrasonic reflection method, the pulse signal of the pulse amplifier 6 will not be coupled to the second port 9 through the first port 8, thereby reducing the interference of the power amplifier signal on the received signal.

[0022] Furthermore, by combining the advantages of transmission and reflection methods, the test sample 5 has more detection methods, greatly increasing the possibility of detecting defects.

[0023] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for detecting defects in materials as follows:

[0024] 1. For high-loss materials with relatively low thickness, ultrasonic reflection testing can be used, as shown in the attached image. Figure 2 As shown, three echoes will exist on the material surface: one is the ultrasonic echo from the upper surface of the material, the second is the ultrasonic echo from the internal defect of the material, and the third is the echo from the bottom surface of the material. Due to signal attenuation, the echo signals gradually weaken. The time difference between the signals is obtained by AD sampling, and the defect depth can be obtained by combining the ultrasonic propagation speed in the material: h = v * Δt, where v is the ultrasonic propagation speed, which can be obtained from t0 as: v = H / t0, where H is the material thickness;

[0025] 2. For thick, high-loss materials, ultrasonic reflection methods are insufficient to detect material defects. Since the transmission method theoretically has less signal attenuation than the reflection method, the transmission method can detect defects in thicker materials.

[0026] 3. Based on the above two methods, different methods can be adopted in actual testing to improve the probability of detecting defects in high-loss materials.

Claims

1. A material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission and reflection method, comprising: The system comprises an AD sampling (1), a pulse signal source (2), a directional coupler (3), a first ultrasonic probe (4), a test sample (5), a pulse amplifier (6), and a matching load (7); characterized in that the directional coupler (3) has a first port (8), a second port (9), and a third port (10), wherein the first port (8) and the third port (10) can transmit ultrasonic signals to each other, and the second port (9) can receive part of the ultrasonic signal from the third port (10) but cannot receive the signal from the first port (8). Therefore, by connecting the AD sampling (1) to the second port (9), the detection signal from the first ultrasonic probe (4) can be obtained in real time; the AD sampling (1), the pulse signal source (2), and the directional coupler (3) are integrated in a housing (11) for easy portability of the test system; the signal connection inside the housing (11) remains fixed, and only the first external port (12) and the second external port (13) are configured to realize both ultrasonic transmission and reflection methods. For the transmission method, the first external port (12) is connected to the input of the pulse amplifier (6), and the output of the pulse amplifier (6) is connected to the second ultrasonic probe (4'). Therefore, the pulse signal of the pulse signal source (2) is enhanced by the pulse amplifier (6) and can be transmitted to the surface of the test sample (5) by the second ultrasonic probe (4'). The other side of the test sample (5) is received by the first ultrasonic probe (4). When there is a defect inside the sample, the transmitted signal cannot be transmitted to the first ultrasonic probe (4), thus the defect information is obtained. For the reflection method, the second external port (13) is connected to the output of the pulse amplifier (6), so that the pulse signal of the pulse amplifier (6) can flow to the first ultrasonic probe (4) through the first port (8). When there is a defect inside the sample, the transmitted signal is reflected at the defect, and the generated reflected echo flows to the second port (9) through the third port (10). Therefore, the AD sampling (1) can receive the reflected echo and obtain the defect information.

2. The material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission and reflection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The matching load (7) plays a noise reduction role in the ultrasonic transmission method. When the first ultrasonic probe (4) receives the ultrasonic signal, according to the function of the directional coupler (3), the signal of the third port (10) will be received by the second port (9) and the first port (8) respectively. If the matching load (7) is not used to absorb the ultrasonic signal of the first port (8), the ultrasonic signal of the first port (8) will be reflected back to the third port (10), thereby causing secondary interference to the ultrasonic signal of the first ultrasonic probe (4).

3. The material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission and reflection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, An ultrasonic coupling medium should be filled between the first ultrasonic probe (4) and the test sample (5) to ensure that the ultrasonic signal can be effectively transmitted to the test sample (5).

4. The material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission and reflection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first port (8) and the second port (9) of the directional coupler (3) are isolated. Therefore, in the ultrasonic reflection method, the pulse signal of the pulse amplifier (6) will not be coupled to the second port (9) through the first port (8), thereby reducing the interference of the power amplifier signal on the received signal.

5. A material defect detection device based on ultrasonic transmission and reflection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Combining the advantages of transmission and reflection methods provides more detection methods for the test sample (5), greatly increasing the possibility of detecting defects.

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