Battery cell and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single battery and a battery pack, the single battery has a first direction, a second direction and a third direction which are intersected pairwise, and the single battery comprises a shell, an electrode assembly, an anti-explosion valve and an exhaust part. The electrode assembly is accommodated in the shell; the anti-explosion valve is arranged on one side, in the third direction, of the shell; the exhaust part is arranged in the shell and located between the electrode assembly and the anti-explosion valve in the third direction, a first exhaust groove and a second exhaust groove are formed in the side, away from the electrode assembly, of the exhaust part, the first exhaust groove extends in the first direction, and the second exhaust groove is formed in at least one side, in the second direction, of the first exhaust groove. And the second exhaust groove is communicated with the first exhaust groove. According to the battery monomer, the pressure relief capability can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] A power battery is a power source that provides power to tools, and often refers to the battery that powers electric vehicles. Power batteries are the core component of new energy vehicles. They have the characteristics of ultra-long life, high current fast charging and discharging, and large capacity. However, in the operation of traditional power batteries, there is still the problem of not being able to release pressure in time. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a battery cell that can improve pressure relief capability.

[0004] This application also provides a battery pack.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0006] According to a first aspect embodiment of the present application, the battery cell has a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction that intersect each other in pairs. The battery cell includes: a housing; an electrode assembly housed within the housing; an explosion-proof valve disposed on one side of the housing along the third direction; and an exhaust member disposed within the housing, located between the electrode assembly and the explosion-proof valve along the third direction. The exhaust member has a first exhaust groove and a second exhaust groove on the side away from the electrode assembly. The first exhaust groove extends along the first direction, and the second exhaust groove is disposed on at least one side of the first exhaust groove along the second direction, and the second exhaust groove communicates with the first exhaust groove.

[0007] The battery cell of this application has the following advantages:

[0008] In the battery cell of this application, since the vent is located inside the housing and between the electrode assembly and the explosion-proof valve in a third direction, when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the vent can guide the gas inside the housing to the explosion-proof valve, allowing the gas to flow out of the housing through the explosion-proof valve, thus relieving pressure inside the housing. During this process, since the vent has a first vent groove extending in a first direction on the side away from the electrode assembly, the gas inside the housing can be guided to the explosion-proof valve through the first vent groove, thereby increasing the speed at which the gas flows to the explosion-proof valve. Furthermore, since the vent also has a second vent groove communicating with the first vent groove on the side away from the electrode assembly, the flow rate of the gas through the vent can be increased through the second vent groove, thereby further increasing the speed at which the gas flows to the explosion-proof valve, ensuring that most of the gas can flow out of the housing through the explosion-proof valve in a timely manner, thereby improving the pressure relief capability of the battery cell.

[0009] According to the battery cell of the first aspect of this application, the venting member is provided with a plurality of second venting grooves, the plurality of second venting grooves are spaced apart along the first direction and distributed on both sides of the explosion-proof valve in the first direction.

[0010] According to a battery cell of a first aspect of this application, the second venting groove includes a connecting groove and a guiding groove. The connecting groove extends along the second direction and is connected to the first venting groove. The guiding groove is inclined along the second direction toward the direction close to the explosion-proof valve, and the guiding groove is connected to the end of the connecting groove away from the first venting groove. The guiding groove is connected to the first venting groove.

[0011] According to the battery cell of the first aspect embodiment of this application, the venting member is further provided with a plurality of first vent holes, the first vent holes penetrating the venting member along the third direction, the plurality of first vent holes being spaced apart along the first direction and located within the first vent groove.

[0012] According to the battery cell of the first aspect of this application, the venting member is further provided with a plurality of second vent holes, the second vent holes penetrating the venting member along the third direction, and the plurality of second vent holes are spaced apart along the extension direction of the second vent groove and located within the second vent groove.

[0013] According to the battery cell of the first aspect of this application, the first exhaust groove is connected to a plurality of second exhaust grooves on both sides along the second direction.

[0014] According to the battery cell of the first aspect of this application, in the second direction, the second exhaust groove located on one side of the first exhaust groove is offset from the second exhaust groove located on the other side of the first exhaust groove.

[0015] Alternatively, the second exhaust channel located on one side of the first exhaust channel may be intersected with the second exhaust channel located on the other side of the first exhaust channel.

[0016] According to the battery cell of the first aspect of this application, in the second direction, the second exhaust groove located on one side of the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove located on the other side of the first exhaust groove are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first exhaust groove.

[0017] According to the battery cell of the first aspect embodiment of this application, the battery cell further includes:

[0018] Two cover plates are respectively fitted onto both ends of the housing along the first direction;

[0019] Two pole posts are respectively disposed on the two cover plates and connected to the electrode assembly;

[0020] In the first direction, the first exhaust groove connects to the two pole posts.

[0021] A battery pack according to a second aspect of this application includes: a battery cell as described above.

[0022] The battery pack of this application has the following advantages:

[0023] In the battery pack of this application, because the individual battery cells of this application have good pressure relief capabilities, the battery pack of this application can have high safety performance during operation. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 The present application shows schematic diagrams of the structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments;

[0026] Figure 2 The following are schematic diagrams showing the exploded structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 The present application shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust component according to some embodiments;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagrams of the exhaust components according to other embodiments of this application are shown;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of the exhaust components according to other embodiments of this application are shown;

[0030] Figure 6 It shows Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0031] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0032] 100 - Housing;

[0033] 200-Electrode assembly;

[0034] 300-Explosion-proof valve;

[0035] 400 - Exhaust component; 410 - First exhaust groove; 420 - Second exhaust groove; 421 - Connecting groove; 422 - Guide groove; 423 - First exhaust port; 424 - Second exhaust port;

[0036] 500-cover plate;

[0037] 600-Pole Column;

[0038] x - First direction; y - Second direction; z - Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0042] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, the battery cell involved in some embodiments of this application has a first direction x, a second direction y and a third direction z that intersect each other in pairs. The battery cell includes: a housing 100, an electrode assembly 200, an explosion-proof valve 300 and an exhaust component 400.

[0045] Specifically, the electrode assembly 200 is housed within the housing 100; the explosion-proof valve 300 is disposed on one side of the housing 100 along the third direction z; the exhaust member 400 is disposed within the housing 100, located between the electrode assembly 200 and the explosion-proof valve 300 along the third direction z, and the exhaust member 400 has a first exhaust groove 410 and a second exhaust groove 420 on the side away from the electrode assembly 200, the first exhaust groove 410 extends along the first direction x, and the second exhaust groove 420 is disposed on at least one side of the first exhaust groove 410 along the second direction y, and the second exhaust groove 420 communicates with the first exhaust groove 410.

[0046] It should be noted that the first direction x is Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The direction indicated by x in the middle, and the second direction y is... Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The direction indicated by y in the middle, and the direction of the third direction z are... Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The direction indicated by z in the middle.

[0047] It should be noted that during the operation of a power battery, the positive and negative electrode materials and electrolyte react, resulting in the generation of reactive gases at the positive and negative electrodes. To prevent the battery from exploding due to gas expansion during thermal runaway, an explosion-proof valve 300 is usually installed on the casing 100 to release pressure inside the battery. However, in order to improve the capacity and driving range of the power battery, the internal structure of the battery is becoming more and more compact. Therefore, even if the explosion-proof valve 300 is open, some gas cannot flow out of the casing 100 in time through the explosion-proof valve 300, resulting in the inability to release pressure in time.

[0048] In the battery cell of this application, since the vent 400 is disposed inside the housing 100 and located between the electrode assembly 200 and the explosion-proof valve 300 along the third direction z, when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the vent 400 can guide the gas inside the housing 100 to the explosion-proof valve 300, allowing the gas to flow out of the housing 100 through the explosion-proof valve 300, thus relieving pressure inside the housing 100. During this process, since the vent 400 has a first vent groove 410 extending in the first direction x on the side opposite to the electrode assembly 200, it can... The gas inside the housing 100 is guided to the explosion-proof valve 300 through the first exhaust groove 410 to increase the speed at which the gas flows to the explosion-proof valve 300. Since the exhaust component 400 is also provided with a second exhaust groove 420 on the side opposite to the electrode assembly 200, which is connected to the first exhaust groove 410, the flow rate of the gas through the exhaust component 400 can be increased through the second exhaust groove 420, thereby further increasing the speed at which the gas flows to the explosion-proof valve 300. This allows most of the gas to flow out of the housing 100 through the explosion-proof valve 300 in a timely manner, thereby improving the pressure relief capacity of the battery cell.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the exhaust component 400 is provided with a plurality of second exhaust grooves 420, which are spaced apart along the first direction x and distributed on both sides of the explosion-proof valve 300 in the first direction x.

[0050] In this embodiment, since multiple second exhaust channels 420 are spaced apart along the first direction x and distributed on both sides of the explosion-proof valve 300 along the first direction x, when the gas in the electrode assembly 200 flows towards the explosion-proof valve 300 along the first direction x in the first exhaust channel 410, the gas can be diverted through the multiple second exhaust channels 420 to increase the flow rate of the gas through the exhaust component 400 along the first direction x, thereby further increasing the speed at which the gas flows towards the explosion-proof valve 300, so that most of the gas can flow out of the housing 100 through the explosion-proof valve 300 in time, thereby improving the pressure relief capability of the battery cell.

[0051] Reference Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the second exhaust channel 420 includes a connecting channel 421 and a guide channel 422. The connecting channel 421 extends along the second direction y and is connected to the first exhaust channel 410. The guide channel 422 is inclined along the second direction y toward the direction close to the explosion-proof valve 300, and the guide channel 422 is connected to the end of the connecting channel 421 away from the first exhaust channel 410. The guide channel 422 is connected to the first exhaust channel 410.

[0052] In this embodiment, since the connecting groove 421 is connected to the first exhaust groove 410, and the guide groove 422 is connected to the end of the connecting groove 421 away from the first exhaust groove 410, the first exhaust groove 410 and the guide groove 422 can be connected through the connecting groove 421. When gas flows into the first exhaust groove 410 along the first direction x, the gas in the first exhaust groove 410 can flow towards the connecting groove 421 and then flow into the guide groove 422 through the connecting groove 421. Since the guide groove 422 is inclined towards the explosion-proof valve 300 along the second direction y and is connected to the first exhaust groove 410, the gas flowing into the guide groove 422 can flow towards the explosion-proof valve 300, so as to guide the gas to the explosion-proof valve 300 through the guide groove 422, thereby increasing the speed of the gas flowing towards the explosion-proof valve 300 through the guide groove 422.

[0053] Continue to refer to Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the exhaust member 400 is further provided with a plurality of first exhaust holes 423, the first exhaust holes 423 penetrate through the exhaust member 400 along a third direction z, the plurality of first exhaust holes 423 are spaced apart along a first direction x, and are located in the first exhaust groove 410.

[0054] In this embodiment, since the first exhaust hole 423 penetrates through the exhaust member 400 along the third direction z and is spaced apart along the first direction x, and is located in the first exhaust groove 410, gas can enter the first exhaust groove 410 through the first exhaust hole 423, thereby further accelerating the speed of gas flowing into the first exhaust groove 410, thereby increasing the speed of gas flowing into the explosion-proof valve 300.

[0055] Continue to refer to Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the exhaust member 400 is further provided with a plurality of second exhaust holes 424, the second exhaust holes 424 penetrate through the exhaust member 400 along a third direction z, the plurality of second exhaust holes 424 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the second exhaust groove 420 and are located within the second exhaust groove 420.

[0056] In this embodiment, since multiple second exhaust holes 424 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the second exhaust groove 420 and are located within the second exhaust groove 420, gas can enter the second exhaust groove 420 through the second exhaust holes 424, thereby further accelerating the speed at which the gas flows into the second exhaust groove 420, thereby increasing the speed at which the gas flows into the explosion-proof valve 300.

[0057] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the first exhaust groove 410 is connected to multiple second exhaust grooves 420 on both sides along the second direction y.

[0058] In this embodiment, since the first exhaust groove 410 is connected to multiple second exhaust grooves 420 on both sides along the second direction y, the gas entering the first exhaust groove 410 can flow along the second direction y to the second exhaust grooves 420 disposed on both sides of the first exhaust groove 410 along the second direction y. This allows the gas in the first exhaust groove 410 to be diverted by the second exhaust grooves 420 disposed on both sides of the first exhaust groove 410 along the second direction y, thereby increasing the flow rate of gas into the exhaust component 400, increasing the speed at which the gas flows to the explosion-proof valve 300, and improving the pressure relief capacity of the battery cell.

[0059] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the first exhaust groove 410 and the second exhaust groove 420 together form a Tesla valve structure. The Tesla valve structure is a one-way valve structure that uses the principle of fluid mechanics to achieve one-way airflow. When the gas flows forward in the Tesla valve structure, the resistance is small, while the resistance is extremely large when it flows in the reverse direction. In this embodiment, when the gas flows towards the explosion-proof valve 300 along the first direction x, the gas flows in the forward direction in the Tesla valve structure. In this way, the Tesla valve structure can make the gas flow towards the explosion-proof valve 300 on the exhaust component 400, thereby increasing the speed at which the gas flows towards the explosion-proof valve 300.

[0060] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, in the second direction y, the second exhaust groove 420 located on one side of the first exhaust groove 410 is offset from the second exhaust groove 420 located on the other side of the first exhaust groove 410.

[0061] In this embodiment, in the second direction y, when the second exhaust groove 420 located on one side of the first exhaust groove 410 is staggered with the second exhaust groove 420 located on the other side of the first exhaust groove 410, the difficulty of slotting on the exhaust component 400 can be reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the exhaust component 400, thus saving the manufacturing cost of the exhaust component 400 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery cell.

[0062] Reference Figure 4 As shown, in some other embodiments, in the second direction y, the second exhaust groove 420 located on one side of the first exhaust groove 410 is intersected with the second exhaust groove 420 located on the other side of the first exhaust groove 410.

[0063] In this embodiment, when the second exhaust groove 420 located on one side of the first exhaust groove 410 intersects with the second exhaust groove 420 located on the other side of the first exhaust groove 410 in the second direction y, the number of second exhaust grooves 420 on both sides of the first exhaust groove 410 along the second direction y can be increased. In this way, the flow diversion capacity of the second exhaust groove 420 to the first exhaust groove 410 can be improved, thereby increasing the flow rate of gas entering the exhaust component 400, thereby increasing the speed at which gas flows to the explosion-proof valve 300 and improving the pressure relief capacity of the battery cell.

[0064] Reference Figure 5 As shown, in some other embodiments, in the second direction y, the second exhaust groove 420 located on one side of the first exhaust groove 410 and the second exhaust groove 420 located on the other side of the first exhaust groove 410 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first exhaust groove 410.

[0065] In this embodiment, when the second exhaust channel 420 located on one side of the first exhaust channel 410 and the second exhaust channel 420 located on the other side of the first exhaust channel 410 are symmetrically arranged in the second direction y, the gas entering the first exhaust channel 410 can flow simultaneously along the second direction y to the second exhaust channels 420 arranged on both sides of the first exhaust channel 410 along the second direction y. This further improves the diversion capacity of the second exhaust channel 420 to the first exhaust channel 410, thereby further accelerating the speed at which the gas enters the first exhaust channel 410, increasing the speed at which the gas flows to the explosion-proof valve 300, and improving the pressure relief capacity of the battery cell.

[0066] Reference Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery cell further includes: two cover plates 500 and two terminals 600, the two cover plates 500 respectively covering the two ends of the housing 100 along the first direction x; the two terminals 600 are respectively disposed on the two cover plates 500 and connected to the electrode assembly 200; in the first direction x, the first vent groove 410 connects the two terminals 600.

[0067] In this embodiment, since the two cover plates 500 respectively cover the two ends of the housing 100 along the first direction x, and the two terminals 600 are respectively disposed on the two cover plates 500, the terminal material and electrolyte will react near the cover plates 500 at the two terminals 600, thereby generating reaction gas. Since the first exhaust groove 410 connects the two terminals 600 along the first direction x, when the battery cell of this application experiences thermal runaway, the expanding gas near the two cover plates 500 can flow along the first direction x through the first exhaust groove 410 to the explosion-proof valve 300, thereby increasing the speed at which the gas flows to the explosion-proof valve 300, so that most of the gas can flow out of the housing 100 through the explosion-proof valve 300 in time, thereby improving the pressure relief capability of the battery cell.

[0068] The battery pack involved in the embodiments of this application includes: the above-mentioned battery cells.

[0069] In the battery pack of this application, because the individual battery cells of this application have good pressure relief capabilities, the battery pack of this application can have high safety performance during operation.

[0070] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0071] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that, The battery cell has a first direction (x), a second direction (y), and a third direction (z) that intersect each other in pairs, and the battery cell includes: Casing (100); An electrode assembly (200) is housed within the housing (100); An explosion-proof valve (300) is disposed on one side of the housing (100) along the third direction (z); An exhaust component (400) is disposed within the housing (100) and located between the electrode assembly (200) and the explosion-proof valve (300) along the third direction (z). The exhaust component (400) has a first exhaust groove (410) and a second exhaust groove (420) on the side away from the electrode assembly (200). The first exhaust groove (410) extends along the first direction (x), and the second exhaust groove (420) is disposed on at least one side of the first exhaust groove (410) along the second direction (y), and the second exhaust groove (420) communicates with the first exhaust groove (410).

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust component (400) is provided with a plurality of second exhaust grooves (420), which are spaced apart along the first direction (x) and distributed on both sides of the explosion-proof valve (300) in the first direction (x).

3. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second exhaust channel (420) includes a connecting channel (421) and a guide channel (422). The connecting channel (421) extends along the second direction (y) and is connected to the first exhaust channel (410). The guide channel (422) is inclined along the second direction (y) toward the explosion-proof valve (300) and is connected to the end of the connecting channel (421) away from the first exhaust channel (410). The guide channel (422) is connected to the first exhaust channel (410).

4. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust component (400) is also provided with a plurality of first exhaust holes (423), the first exhaust holes (423) penetrate the exhaust component (400) along the third direction (z), the plurality of first exhaust holes (423) are spaced apart along the first direction (x) and are located in the first exhaust groove (410).

5. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust component (400) is also provided with a plurality of second exhaust holes (424), the second exhaust holes (424) penetrate the exhaust component (400) along the third direction (z), the plurality of second exhaust holes (424) are spaced apart along the extension direction of the second exhaust groove (420) and are located in the second exhaust groove (420).

6. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first exhaust groove (410) is connected to multiple second exhaust grooves (420) on both sides along the second direction (y).

7. The battery cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the second direction (y), the second exhaust channel (420) located on one side of the first exhaust channel (410) is offset from the second exhaust channel (420) located on the other side of the first exhaust channel (410); Alternatively, the second exhaust channel (420) located on one side of the first exhaust channel (410) may be arranged to intersect with the second exhaust channel (420) located on the other side of the first exhaust channel (410).

8. The battery cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the second direction (y), the second exhaust groove (420) located on one side of the first exhaust groove (410) and the second exhaust groove (420) located on the other side of the first exhaust groove (410) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first exhaust groove (410).

9. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell also includes: Two cover plates (500) respectively cover the two ends of the housing (100) along the first direction (x); Two pole posts (600) are respectively disposed on the two cover plates (500) and connected to the electrode assembly (200); In the first direction (x), the first exhaust groove (410) connects the two pole posts (600).

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The battery cell as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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