Solid-state battery holder and battery module

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery modules, and discloses a support for a solid-state battery and a battery module, the support comprises an upper frame plate and a supporting beam, a lower frame plate is arranged below the upper frame plate, a first buffer mechanism is arranged in the supporting beam, a reinforcing mechanism is arranged in the first buffer mechanism, and a second buffer mechanism is arranged in the reinforcing mechanism. The utility model aims to provide the metal bracket for the battery cell module suitable for the solid-state battery module, the middle supporting beams of the bracket are specially designed to be hollow and are connected with each other through the reinforcing buffer ribs, and the structure can generate plastic deformation in the expansion process of the battery cell, can absorb 10-30% of volume expansion of the battery cell, and can improve the stability of the battery cell module. Therefore, the problems of module shell deformation, battery damage and the like caused by expansion of the battery cells in the middle and later periods of charging or circulation can be solved, the metal bracket with the structure can uniformly absorb expansion force generated by each battery cell, so that the surface stress of the battery cells in the expansion process is uniform, and the cycle life of the battery can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a bracket and battery module for solid-state batteries. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, solid-state batteries have attracted much attention due to their high energy density and safety. Compared with traditional liquid batteries, solid-state batteries have shown significant advantages in many aspects. Solid-state batteries are a battery technology that uses a solid electrolyte to replace the traditional liquid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte plays a role in isolating the positive and negative electrodes and transferring ions inside the battery, but unlike traditional liquid electrolytes, it is solid.

[0003] For example, utility model patent CN209282261U discloses a bracket for a battery cell module. The frame body contains a heat sink with exposed battery cell heat dissipation areas formed on it through holes. The bottom of the frame body also has heat dissipation grooves extending to both sides of the heat sink. The heat sink connects to the heat dissipation grooves and extends towards the inner wall of the grooves to form heat dissipation ribs covering the entire groove. The frame body also has tab holes circumferentially located on the through holes. This utility model also discloses a solid-state battery module structure using this battery cell module bracket. This utility model has advantages such as excellent battery cell heating and cooling effects, uniform thermal field of the battery module, ease of assembly, and ease of assembly and assembly of solid-state battery modules.

[0004] However, while the battery module support disclosed in the solution can provide excellent heating and cooling effects for solid-state batteries, and features thermal field uniformity and ease of assembly for the battery module, the volume expansion of solid-state batteries during charging causes significant changes in their expansion force, directly affecting the battery's cycle life. Secondly, in the later stages of a solid-state battery's lifespan, the battery volume expansion rate is significant. As the negative electrode material in solid-state batteries, it possesses extremely high theoretical specific capacity, but this is accompanied by significant volume changes. During charging and discharging, lithium deposition and dissolution lead to the expansion and contraction of the negative electrode volume. This infinitely large relative volume change is an inherent characteristic of lithium metal batteries and a major cause of battery expansion. Furthermore, during battery cycling, some lithium metal may exist in the form of "dead lithium," which cannot effectively participate in electrochemical reactions but occupies the volume space of the negative electrode. The formation of dead lithium makes the originally dense lithium metal structure loose and porous, leading to permanent volume expansion. In solid-state batteries, a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film forms on the surface of the negative electrode. This film protects the negative electrode material, preventing direct corrosion from the electrolyte and further lithium loss. However, under extreme conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, or high temperatures, the SEI film may be damaged, causing the negative electrode material to be directly exposed to the electrolyte. In this case, the negative electrode material reacts with the electrolyte, generating a large amount of gas, which exacerbates the battery expansion.

[0005] Therefore, the above solutions cannot solve the problem of solid-state battery expansion, which directly affects the cycle life of the battery and causes problems such as module casing deformation and battery damage due to volume expansion during the later stages of cycling. To address this, we propose a support bracket and battery module for solid-state batteries. Utility Model Content

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a support bracket and battery module for solid-state batteries, aiming to solve the technical problem that solid-state batteries expand in volume during charging, causing significant changes in their expansion force, which directly affects the cycle life of the battery and the large volume expansion rate of the battery in the later stages of its lifespan.

[0007] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the first aspect of this utility model provides a support for a solid-state battery, comprising:

[0008] An upper frame plate is provided, and a lower frame plate is provided below the upper frame plate. Both sides of the upper frame plate and the lower frame plate are provided with insertion mechanisms.

[0009] A support beam, wherein a first buffer mechanism is provided inside the support beam, and a reinforcing mechanism is provided inside the first buffer mechanism;

[0010] Furthermore, the upper frame plate, lower frame plate, and support beam are integrally formed, and the upper frame plate, lower frame plate, and support beam are generally arranged in an I-shape.

[0011] Furthermore, the first buffer mechanism includes a buffer cavity, which is symmetrically opened on the surface of the support beam, and the reinforcing mechanism is disposed inside the buffer cavity;

[0012] Furthermore, the reinforcing mechanism includes buffer ribs, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer cavity. Multiple buffer ribs are arranged at intervals and are inclined. The inclination angle of the buffer ribs is 30-75°, and two adjacent buffer ribs are arranged in a figure-eight shape.

[0013] Furthermore, slots are provided at the bottom end of the upper frame plate and the top end of the lower frame plate, and the top and bottom ends of the support beam are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slots. The top and bottom ends of the support beam are arranged in a buffer fold shape.

[0014] Furthermore, the insertion mechanism includes a convex locking strip, which is fixedly connected to one side of the upper frame plate and the lower frame plate. The other side of the upper frame plate and the lower frame plate are provided with a recessed locking groove, the shape of which matches the shape of the convex locking strip.

[0015] The second aspect of this utility model provides a solid-state battery module, characterized in that it includes multiple sets of solid-state battery brackets and battery cells, wherein each battery cell has a first edge-wrapping mechanism in the tab direction and a second edge-wrapping mechanism in the stacking direction of the battery cells.

[0016] Furthermore, the battery cell is bonded to the outer wall of the support beam, and foam is bonded to the side of the battery cell away from the support beam;

[0017] Furthermore, the first edge-wrapping mechanism includes a plastic bracket, a side guard plate is provided on the side of the plastic bracket away from the battery cell, a side plate is provided on the side of the side guard plate away from the plastic bracket, and heat dissipation grooves are provided on the surface of the side guard plate and the side plate. The second edge-wrapping mechanism includes an end guard plate, an end plate is provided on the side of the end guard plate away from the battery cell, and an integrated terminal is installed on the outer wall of the end plate.

[0018] Beneficial effects:

[0019] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a metal bracket for a cell module suitable for solid-state battery modules. The bracket has a hollow support beam in the middle with reinforced buffer ribs that are connected to each other. This structure can generate plastic deformation during the expansion of the cell and can absorb 10% to 30% of the cell's volume expansion. This can solve the problems of module shell deformation and battery damage caused by cell expansion during charging or late-stage cycling. This metal bracket structure can evenly absorb the expansion force generated by each cell, so that the surface of the cell is subjected to uniform force during the expansion process, which can improve the cycle life of the battery. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a solid-state battery bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of part A;

[0022] Figure 3 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of part B;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a solid-state battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the solid-state battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the solid-state battery bracket and the battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] in:

[0027] 101-Upper frame plate; 102-Support beam; 103-Buffer cavity; 104-Buffer rib; 105-Slot; 106-Lower frame plate; 201-Concave slot; 202-Convex strip; 301-Plastic bracket; 302-Side guard plate; 303-Side plate; 401-End guard plate; 402-End plate; 501-Terminal integrated piece; 601-Battery cell; 701-Foam; 801-Heat dissipation groove.

[0028] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0029] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically defined.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0033] Reference Figures 1-6An embodiment of this utility model discloses a solid-state battery support, including an upper frame plate 101 and a support beam 102. A lower frame plate 106 is disposed below the upper frame plate 101. Insertion mechanisms are provided on both sides of the upper frame plate 101 and the lower frame plate 106. A first buffer mechanism is disposed inside the support beam 102, and a reinforcing mechanism is disposed inside the first buffer mechanism. The first buffer mechanism includes a buffer cavity 103, which is symmetrically opened on the surface of the support beam 102. The reinforcing mechanism is disposed inside the buffer cavity 103 and includes buffer ribs 104. The buffer ribs 104 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer cavity 103, and multiple buffer ribs 104 are arranged at intervals. The buffer ribs 104 are inclined, with an inclination angle of 30-75°. Two adjacent buffer ribs 104 are arranged in a figure-eight shape. The support beam 102 in the middle of the bracket has a hollow special design and is equipped with reinforced buffer ribs 104 connected to each other. This structure can produce plastic deformation during the expansion of the battery cell 601, and can absorb 10% to 30% of the volume expansion of the battery cell 601. This can solve the problems of module shell deformation and battery damage caused by the expansion of the battery cell during charging or the later stages of cycling. This structure of metal bracket can evenly absorb the expansion force generated by each battery cell, so that the surface of the battery cell is evenly stressed during the expansion process, which can improve the cycle life of the battery.

[0034] The upper frame plate 101, lower frame plate 106, and support beam 102 are integrated into one piece. The upper frame plate 101, lower frame plate 106, and support beam 102 are arranged in an I-shape, making the solid-state battery bracket an integrated unit. All of them are made of metal, such as copper alloy, aluminum alloy, or stainless steel. Copper alloy is selected for its better heat dissipation effect, which makes the solid-state battery bracket stronger. Although the solid-state battery bracket can absorb and buffer the expansion of the battery cell 601, the solid-state battery bracket as a whole will not deform or be damaged.

[0035] The upper frame plate 101 and the lower frame plate 106 both have slots 105 at their bottom ends. The top and bottom ends of the support beam 102 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the slots 105. The top and bottom ends of the support beam 102 are arranged in a buffer pleated shape. The slots 105 and the buffer pleated shape allow the support beam 102 to deform stably under the pressure of the expanding battery cell 601. In particular, the buffer pleated structure provides the support beam 102 with a certain deformation space after being compressed by the battery cell 601, ensuring the support... The beam 102 can stably absorb the volume collision generated by the cell 601. Whether it is the volume expansion generated during the charging and discharging process of the solid battery or the volume expansion of the cell 601 that occurs in the later stage of the cycle life of the solid battery, it can be absorbed by the above-mentioned support beam 102. It can ensure that when the cell 601 undergoes a volume expansion of 10% to 30%, the support beam 102 can stably carry out plastic deformation to absorb it. It can stably solve the problems of module shell deformation and battery damage caused by the expansion of the solid battery during charging or the later stage of the cycle.

[0036] The insertion mechanism includes a protruding clip 202, which is fixedly connected to one side of the upper frame plate 101 and the lower frame plate 106. The other side of the upper frame plate 101 and the lower frame plate 106 are provided with recessed slots 201. The shape of the recessed slots 201 matches the shape of the protruding clip 202. When two solid-state battery brackets are spliced, the protruding clip 202 on one solid-state battery bracket will be inserted into the recessed slot 201 on the other solid-state battery bracket, so that the two solid-state battery brackets can be spliced ​​together. Furthermore, the outer wall of the protruding clip 202 is chamfered to facilitate the insertion of the protruding clip 202 into the recessed slot 201, thereby improving the ease of operation of the insertion mechanism.

[0037] The second aspect of this utility model discloses a solid-state battery module, characterized in that it includes multiple sets of solid-state battery brackets and battery cells 601. Each battery cell 601 has a first edge-binding mechanism in the tab direction and a second edge-binding mechanism in the stacking direction. The battery cells 601 are adhered to the outer wall of a support beam 102. The battery cells 601 are attached to the brackets, i.e., the support beam 102, using thermally conductive tape. By combining the brackets and battery cells 601 and arranging multiple cells consecutively, with adjacent cells 601 electrically connected, multiple cells 601 can be connected in series to form a large-capacity solid-state battery. Then, through the first edge-binding mechanism... The edge sealing mechanism and the second edge sealing mechanism are used to obtain the solid-state battery. The tape used to attach the battery cell 601 can be thermally conductive double-sided tape. Thermally conductive double-sided tape has double-sided adhesive properties, which can firmly stick the battery cell 601 to the bracket and achieve effective heat conduction. Alternatively, thermally conductive silicone sheet can be used as the adhesive material. Thermally conductive silicone sheet has good flexibility and compressibility. When the battery cell 601 expands, the surface of the battery cell 601 will become uneven, but the thermally conductive silicone sheet can still tightly adhere to the uneven surface of the battery cell 601. At the same time, silicone material also has excellent high temperature resistance and aging resistance.

[0038] In this application, foam 701 is bonded to the side of battery cell 601 away from the support beam 102. Foam 701 is a material obtained by foaming plastic particles. The foam 701 used in this application serves as a separator for battery cell 601 within the solid-state battery module. Therefore, foam 701 needs to possess excellent insulation properties, compression resistance and resilience, temperature resistance, flame retardancy, and chemical resistance. The materials that can be used for foam 701 include polyethylene, polyurethane, silicone, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and neoprene rubber. Polyethylene foam 701 has good insulation properties and compression resistance, and is relatively inexpensive, making it one of the commonly used materials for separating battery cell 601. It can effectively isolate battery cell 601, preventing electrical crosstalk or short circuits, while maintaining a tight connection between battery cells 601. Polyurethane foam 701, in addition to good insulation properties, also possesses excellent compression resistance and resilience. This means that during battery charge-discharge cycles, even if battery cell 601 experiences slight expansion or external impact, the polyurethane foam 701... It can also maintain its shape and structure, ensuring the separation effect between cells 601; silicone foam 701 is widely used in battery pack sealing and cell 601 separation due to its excellent high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance and flame retardant properties, especially in situations with high safety requirements. Silicone foam 701 can slow down the spread of fire and improve the overall safety of the battery; ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foam is also often used as cell 601 separation material due to its good buffering performance and chemical resistance. It can absorb the impact energy between cells 601 and resist the corrosion of electrolytes and other chemicals; neoprene foam has flame retardancy, oil resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, and is suitable for cell 601 separation scenarios with high chemical environment requirements; polyethylene, polyurethane, silicone, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and neoprene rubber foam 701 are all foam materials suitable for cell 601 separation inside solid batteries. When selecting, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as the specific requirements of the battery, cost considerations and material performance.

[0039] The first edge-sealing mechanism includes a plastic bracket 301. A side guard plate 302 is provided on the side of the plastic bracket 301 away from the battery cell 601, and a side plate 303 is provided on the side of the side guard plate 302 away from the plastic bracket 301. Heat dissipation grooves 801 are provided on the surfaces of the side guard plate 302 and the side plate 303. After the bracket and the battery cell 601 are sequentially inserted, the plastic bracket 301 is snapped on the front and back of the battery cell 601 respectively. Then, the side guard plate 302 is assembled on the outside of the plastic bracket 301, and the side plate 303 is assembled on the outside of the side guard plate 302, thereby completing the encapsulation of the front and back of the solid-state battery.

[0040] The second edge-sealing mechanism includes an end guard plate 401. An end plate 402 is provided on the side of the end guard plate 401 away from the cell 601. A terminal integrated piece 501 is installed on the outer wall of the end plate 402. The end guard plate 401 is snapped onto the two sides of the two side plates 303, and the end plate 402 is then assembled on the outside of the end guard plate 401 to complete the encapsulation of both sides of the solid-state battery. The side plates 303, the end plate 401, and the bracket are all welded together by welding process to form a fixed frame for the battery module to ensure protection strength. A terminal integrated piece 501 is installed on each of the two end plates 402. The two terminal integrated pieces 501 are respectively connected to the two cells 601 at the outermost edge inside the solid-state battery, so as to facilitate the electrical connection between external devices and the solid-state battery through the two terminal integrated pieces 501.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A bracket for a solid-state battery, characterized in that, include: An upper frame plate is provided, and a lower frame plate is provided below the upper frame plate. Both sides of the upper frame plate and the lower frame plate are provided with insertion mechanisms. A support beam, wherein a first buffer mechanism is provided inside the support beam, and a reinforcing mechanism is provided inside the first buffer mechanism.

2. The solid-state battery holder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper frame plate, lower frame plate, and support beam are integrated into one piece, and the upper frame plate, lower frame plate, and support beam are arranged in an I-shape.

3. The solid-state battery holder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first buffer mechanism includes a buffer cavity, which is symmetrically opened on the surface of the support beam, and the reinforcing mechanism is disposed inside the buffer cavity.

4. A solid-state battery holder according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reinforcing mechanism includes buffer ribs, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer cavity, and multiple buffer ribs are arranged at intervals.

5. A solid-state battery holder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The buffer ribs are inclined, with an inclination angle of 30-75°, and two adjacent buffer ribs are arranged in a figure-eight shape.

6. A solid-state battery holder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the upper frame plate and the top end of the lower frame plate are both provided with slots. The top and bottom ends of the support beam are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slots. The top and bottom ends of the support beam are both arranged in a buffer fold shape.

7. A solid-state battery holder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insertion mechanism includes a convex locking strip, which is fixedly connected to one side of the upper frame plate and the lower frame plate. The other side of the upper frame plate and the lower frame plate are provided with a recessed locking groove, the shape of which matches the shape of the convex locking strip.

8. A solid-state battery module, characterized in that, It includes multiple sets of solid-state battery brackets and cells, each cell having a first edge-wrapping mechanism in the tab direction and a second edge-wrapping mechanism in the stacking direction of the cells.

9. A solid-state battery module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The battery cell is bonded to the outer wall of the support beam, and foam is bonded to the side of the battery cell away from the support beam.

10. A solid-state battery module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first edge-wrapping mechanism includes a plastic bracket, a side guard plate is provided on the side of the plastic bracket away from the battery cell, and a side plate is provided on the side of the side guard plate away from the plastic bracket. The surface of the side guard plate and the side plate is provided with heat dissipation grooves. The second edge-wrapping mechanism includes an end guard plate, an end plate is provided on the side of the end guard plate away from the battery cell, and an integrated terminal is installed on the outer wall of the end plate.

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