Single battery and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single battery and a battery pack, and belongs to the technical field of batteries, and the single battery comprises a shell, an electrode assembly, a cover plate and an anti-explosion valve patch, the anti-explosion valve is connected with the cover plate and covers and seals the anti-explosion hole; the anti-explosion valve patch is connected with the side, away from the electrode assembly, of the anti-explosion valve and comprises a patch body and a covering part, the patch body is provided with a through hole in the first direction, the covering part is connected with the patch body, the covering part is partially located on the side, away from the anti-explosion valve, of the patch body, the covering part covers the hole, and the covering part covers the electrode assembly in the first direction. A first exhaust channel is formed between the covering part and the patch body and communicated with the open hole. According to the embodiment of the invention, the explosion-proof valve patch is arranged for protecting the explosion-proof valve. The first exhaust passage is arranged between the covering part and the patch body, so that the explosion-proof valve can be timely opened and the explosion-proof valve patch can be smoothly punctured when the internal air pressure of the single battery is relatively high, the pressure is timely released, and the safety and the reliability of the single battery are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery technology, specifically relating to a single cell battery and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing maturity of lithium-ion battery technology, power batteries, as a new type of battery, are widely used in electric vehicles, and the requirements for the performance and safety of power batteries are becoming increasingly stringent.

[0003] Existing batteries have the problem of internal pressure not being released quickly enough, which can easily lead to battery fires and explosions. Utility Model Content

[0004] Purpose of the utility model: The embodiments of this application provide a single battery cell and a battery pack, which aim to solve the technical problem that the internal pressure of a single battery cell cannot be quickly discharged.

[0005] Technical solution: This application provides a single-cell battery, which has a first orientation, including:

[0006] case,

[0007] Electrode assembly, housed within the housing;

[0008] The cover plate is connected to one end of the housing along a first direction, and the cover plate is provided with a through explosion-proof hole along the first direction, which is in communication with the housing;

[0009] An explosion-proof valve is connected to a cover plate, which also seals the explosion-proof hole.

[0010] An explosion-proof valve patch is connected to the side of the explosion-proof valve away from the electrode assembly. The explosion-proof valve patch includes a patch body and a cover. The patch body has a through opening along a first direction. The cover is connected to the patch body, and part of the cover is located on the side of the patch body away from the explosion-proof valve. The cover covers the opening. A first exhaust channel is formed between the cover and the patch body along the first direction. The first exhaust channel communicates with the opening.

[0011] In some embodiments, the single cell also has a second direction that intersects with the first direction. The cover includes a covering portion and an overlapping portion connected along the second direction. The covering portion is connected to the patch body and covers the opening. The overlapping portion is located on the side of the patch body away from the explosion-proof valve and forms a first venting channel between the overlapping portion and the patch body along the first direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the cover portion has a bent portion located at one end opposite to the overlap portion along a second direction, and the bent portion protrudes toward the side away from the electrode assembly along a first direction, and the bent portion is connected to the patch body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the length of the overlap portion along the second direction is less than the length of the cover portion along the second direction.

[0014] In some embodiments, the patch body and the cover are integrally formed.

[0015] In some embodiments, the single cell includes a connecting layer disposed on the side of the patch body near the explosion-proof valve, the connecting layer surrounds the cover, and the connecting layer is connected to the explosion-proof valve.

[0016] In some embodiments, the single cell also has a third direction that intersects with the first direction, and a second venting channel is formed between the end of the cover along the third direction and the patch body, the second venting channel connecting the first venting channel and the opening.

[0017] In some embodiments, the single cell also has a second direction that intersects with the first direction, and the projection of the hole wall along the first direction onto the plane where the explosion-proof valve patch is located is rectangular.

[0018] In some embodiments, the opening has a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other along a second direction, one of the first side and the second side being connected to the cover, and the other of the first side and the second side being spaced apart from the cover along the second direction.

[0019] Accordingly, this application provides a battery pack including the aforementioned single battery cell.

[0020] Beneficial Effects: The single-cell battery of this application embodiment has a first direction and includes a housing, an electrode assembly, a cover plate, and an explosion-proof valve patch. The electrode assembly is disposed inside the housing; the cover plate is connected to one end of the housing along the first direction, and the cover plate has a through explosion-proof hole along the first direction, which communicates with the inside of the housing; the explosion-proof valve is connected to the cover plate and seals the explosion-proof hole; the explosion-proof valve patch is connected to the side of the explosion-proof valve away from the electrode assembly, and the explosion-proof valve patch includes a patch body and a cover member. The patch body has a through opening along the first direction, the cover member is connected to the patch body, and the cover member is located on the side of the patch body away from the explosion-proof valve. The cover member covers the opening, and a first exhaust channel is formed between the cover member and the patch body along the first direction, which communicates with the opening. By setting a first venting channel between the cover and the patch body, it can be ensured that when the internal air pressure of the single cell is high, the explosion-proof valve can open in time and successfully puncture the explosion-proof valve patch, thereby releasing pressure in time, avoiding explosion due to excessive internal air pressure, and improving the safety and reliability of the single cell.

[0021] The battery pack of this application embodiment includes the aforementioned single battery cell. Therefore, the battery pack can have all the technical features and beneficial effects of the aforementioned single battery cell, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of part A;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof valve according to another embodiment of this application.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Housing; 2. Electrode assembly; 3. Cover plate; 4. Explosion-proof valve; 5. Explosion-proof valve patch; 10. Receiving cavity; 30. Explosion-proof hole; 50. Connecting layer; 510. Patch body; 511. Cover; 512. First exhaust channel; 513. Bending part; 514. Second exhaust channel; 5100. Opening; 5101. Groove; 5102. First side; 5103. Second side; 51014. Third side; 5105. Fourth side; 5110. Cover part; 5111. Overlap part; X, First direction; Y, Second direction; Z, Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, and "at least one" can mean one, two, or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In the description of this application, "perpendicular" means completely perpendicular to 90° or almost completely perpendicular, for example, the range of included angles from 80° to 100° is considered perpendicular. Similarly, "parallel" means completely parallel or almost completely parallel, for example, the range of completely parallel angles from 10° is considered parallel.

[0034] Batteries typically include an explosion-proof valve 4 to promptly release high-temperature gases in the event of thermal runaway. An explosion-proof valve patch 5 is usually placed on the upper surface of the valve 4 to protect it. This protects the valve 4 from foreign objects, preventing corrosion and failure, and also protects it from external environmental influences. Existing single-cell batteries suffer from the problem of insufficient internal pressure release, which can easily lead to battery fires and explosions.

[0035] This application provides a single-cell battery with a first direction X, including a housing 1, an electrode assembly 2, a cover plate 3, and an explosion-proof valve patch 5. The housing 1 has a receiving cavity 10; the electrode assembly 2 is disposed in the receiving cavity 10 inside the housing; the cover plate 3 is connected to one end of the housing 1 along the first direction X, and the cover plate 3 covers the receiving cavity 10. The cover plate 3 has a through explosion-proof hole 30 along the first direction X, and the explosion-proof hole 30 communicates with the receiving cavity 10 inside the housing; the explosion-proof valve 4 is connected to the cover plate 3 and covers the explosion-proof hole 30; the explosion-proof valve patch 5 is connected to the side of the explosion-proof valve 4 away from the electrode assembly 2. The explosion-proof valve patch 5 includes a patch body 510 and a cover 511. The patch body 510 has a through opening 5100 along the first direction X. The cover 511 is connected to the patch body 510, and part of the cover 511 is located on the side of the patch body 510 away from the explosion-proof valve 4. The cover 511 covers the opening 5100. A first exhaust channel 512 is formed between the cover 511 and the patch body 510 along the first direction X. The first exhaust channel 512 communicates with the opening 5100.

[0036] In this embodiment, an explosion-proof valve patch 5 is provided to protect the explosion-proof valve 4. On the one hand, it prevents foreign objects from contacting the explosion-proof valve 4 and avoids problems such as corrosion failure of the explosion-proof valve 4. On the other hand, it prevents the explosion-proof valve 4 from being subjected to external forces and causing minor deformation.

[0037] Furthermore, by providing a first venting channel 512 between the cover 511 and the patch body 510, it can be ensured that when the internal air pressure of the single cell is high, the explosion-proof valve 4 can open in time and successfully puncture the explosion-proof valve patch 5, thereby releasing pressure in time, avoiding explosion due to excessive internal air pressure, and improving the safety and reliability of the single cell.

[0038] The single-cell battery and battery pack of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a bottom view of an explosion-proof valve 4 according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a top view of an explosion-proof valve 4 according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an explosion-proof valve 4 according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof valve 4 according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of part A; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof valve 4 according to another embodiment of this application.

[0040] refer to Figures 1 to 8 This application provides a single-cell battery. The single-cell battery has a first direction X and includes a housing 1, an electrode assembly 2, a cover plate 3, and an explosion-proof valve patch 5. The housing 1 has a receiving cavity 10; the electrode assembly 2 is disposed in the receiving cavity 10; the cover plate 3 is connected to one end of the housing 1 along the first direction X, and the cover plate 3 covers the receiving cavity 10. The first direction X is the height direction of the cover plate 3. Along the first direction X, the cover plate 3 has a through explosion-proof hole 30, which communicates with the receiving cavity 10; the explosion-proof valve 4 is connected to the cover plate 3 and covers the explosion-proof hole 30; the explosion-proof valve patch 5 is connected to the side of the explosion-proof valve 4 away from the electrode assembly 2, and the explosion-proof valve patch 5 includes a sticker. The patch body 510 and the cover 511 are arranged along the first direction X. The patch body 510 has a through opening 5100. The cover 511 is connected to the patch body 510, and part of the cover 511 is located on the side of the patch body 510 away from the explosion-proof valve 4. The cover 511 covers the opening 5100 along the first direction X. A first exhaust channel 512 is formed between the cover 511 and the patch body 510 along the first direction X. The first exhaust channel 512 communicates with the opening 5100. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown.

[0041] This embodiment of the application uses an explosion-proof valve patch 5 to protect the explosion-proof valve 4. On one hand, the explosion-proof valve patch 5 is located on the side of the explosion-proof valve 4 away from the electrode assembly 2, preventing external foreign objects from contacting the explosion-proof valve 4 and avoiding corrosion failure. On the other hand, it prevents the explosion-proof valve 4 from undergoing minor deformation due to external forces. Furthermore, by providing a first exhaust channel 512 between the cover 511 and the patch body 510, and connecting the first exhaust channel 512 to the opening 5100, it can be ensured that the explosion-proof valve 4 can open promptly when the internal pressure of the single cell is high, and can easily puncture the explosion-proof valve patch 5, thereby releasing pressure in time and preventing explosion due to excessive internal pressure of the single cell, thus improving the safety and reliability of the single cell.

[0042] exist Figure 6 and Figure 7In the illustrated embodiment, the single battery cell also has a second direction Y, which intersects with the first direction X, and the second direction Y is the width direction of the cover plate 3. In the embodiments of this application, the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X. The cover 511 includes a covering portion 5110 and an overlapping portion 5111 connected along the second direction Y. The covering portion 5110 is connected to the patch body 510 and covers the opening 5100, thereby preventing external foreign objects from contacting the explosion-proof valve 4 and avoiding problems such as corrosion failure of the explosion-proof valve 4. The overlapping portion 5111 is located on the side of the patch body 510 away from the explosion-proof valve 4 and along the first direction X. A first exhaust channel 512 is formed between the overlapping portion 5111 and the patch body 510, and the first exhaust channel 512 communicates with the opening. This design ensures that when the internal pressure of a single battery cell increases, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas can enter the first exhaust channel 512 through the opening 5100 after the explosion-proof valve 4 opens, and be smoothly discharged. It also ensures that the explosion-proof valve 4 can easily puncture the explosion-proof valve patch 5, thereby releasing pressure in time and preventing explosions due to excessive internal pressure in the single battery cell, thus improving the safety and reliability of the single battery cell. The overlapping portion 5111 optimizes the strength of the cover 511, preventing deformation or displacement of the cover 5110 due to external pressure or vibration, allowing the cover 5110 to better fulfill its function of covering the opening 5100 and protecting the explosion-proof valve 4.

[0043] exist Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, a groove 5101 is provided on the side of the patch body 510 away from the electrode assembly 2. The groove 5101 is recessed along the first direction X towards the electrode assembly 2, and the overlapping portion 5111 is located within the groove 5101. The groove 5101 is located on the side of the patch body 510 away from the electrode assembly 2, and the orthographic projection of the overlapping portion 5111 on the patch body 510 falls into the groove 5101. With this arrangement, the overlapping portion 5111 is accommodated within the groove 5101, which avoids increasing the size of the explosion-proof valve patch 5 in the first direction X, thus improving the space utilization of the single battery cell. In addition, the sidewall of the groove 5101 can limit the overlapping portion 5111, preventing the overlapping portion 5111 from deforming or shifting due to external pressure or vibration.

[0044] exist Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the cover portion 5110 has a bent portion 513 located at one end opposite to the overlapping portion 5111 along the second direction Y. Along the first direction X, the bent portion 513 protrudes towards the side away from the electrode assembly 2, and is connected to the patch body 510. The bent portion 513, used to connect the patch body 510, ensures that the cover portion 5110 covers the opening on the patch body 510, preventing the cover portion 5110 from deforming or displacing due to external pressure or vibration.

[0045] In some embodiments, the length of the overlapping portion 5111 along the second direction Y is less than the length of the covering portion 5110 along the second direction Y. The second direction Y is the width direction of the cover plate 3. The covering portion 5110 is longer than the overlapping portion 5111 in the second direction Y, ensuring that the opening 5100 is covered, preventing external foreign objects from contacting the explosion-proof valve 4, and avoiding problems such as corrosion failure of the explosion-proof valve 4. The overlapping portion 5111 is relatively short to form a suitable space with the patch body 510 as the first exhaust channel 512, which can realize the exhaust function of the explosion-proof valve 4 when it is opened without affecting the main function of the covering portion 5110, and facilitate the explosion-proof valve 4 to easily pierce the explosion-proof valve patch 5.

[0046] In some embodiments, the patch body 510 and the cover 511 are integrally formed. This configuration eliminates the need for additional assembly, improving assembly efficiency. During the use of the single battery cell, the patch body 510 and the cover 511 can withstand external vibrations well and are less prone to loosening or cracking, thereby ensuring the protective effect of the explosion-proof valve patch 5 on the explosion-proof valve 4.

[0047] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the single battery cell includes a connecting layer 50, which is disposed on the side of the patch body 510 near the explosion-proof valve 4. The connecting layer 50 surrounds the cover 511 and is connected to the explosion-proof valve 4. The connecting layer 50 is used to connect the explosion-proof valve patch 5 and the explosion-proof valve 4. In the embodiments of this application, the connecting layer 50 can be an adhesive layer, which is less likely to cause loosening or separation under normal use of the single battery cell and under conditions such as internal pressure changes, thus ensuring the protective effect of the explosion-proof valve patch 5 on the explosion-proof valve 4. When the explosion-proof valve 4 opens due to the increase in internal gas pressure of the single battery cell, the connecting layer 50 will not obstruct the opening of the explosion-proof valve 4, ensuring that the explosion-proof valve 4 can puncture the explosion-proof valve patch 5 in time to achieve pressure relief, thus ensuring the safety and reliability of the single battery cell.

[0048] exist Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the single cell also has a third direction Z, which intersects with the first direction X. In the embodiments of this application, the third direction Z is the length direction of the cover plate 3, and the third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y. A second venting channel 514 is formed between the end of the cover member 511 along the third direction Z and the patch body 510, and the second venting channel 514 connects the first venting channel 512 and the opening 5100.

[0049] The provision of a second venting channel 514 increases the venting channel area, further ensuring that the explosion-proof valve 4 can smoothly pierce the explosion-proof valve patch 5 when it opens, thereby releasing pressure in a timely manner and preventing explosions due to excessive internal pressure in the individual battery, thus improving the safety and reliability of the individual battery. In this embodiment, a second venting channel 514 is formed between both ends of the cover 511 along the third direction Z and the patch body 510. Providing two second venting channels 514 allows for more timely pressure release compared to a single second venting channel 514.

[0050] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the single battery cell also has a second direction Y, which intersects with the first direction X. The projection of the hole wall of the opening 5100 along the first direction X onto the plane where the explosion-proof valve patch 5 is located is rectangular. The rectangular projection of the opening 5100 has a relatively simple structure, which can reduce processing difficulty and improve production efficiency and yield. In other embodiments, the shape of the opening 5100 can be circular, elliptical, or triangular, and this application does not limit this.

[0051] In some embodiments, the opening 5100 has a first side 5102 and a second side 5103 disposed opposite to each other along a second direction Y. One of the first side 5102 and the second side 5103 is connected to the cover 511, and the other of the first side 5102 and the second side 5103 is spaced apart from the cover 511 along the second direction Y. Figure 5 and Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the first side 5102 is spaced apart from the cover 511 and forms a first exhaust channel 512, the second side 5103 is connected to the cover 511, and the first exhaust channel 512 communicates with the opening. This arrangement ensures that when the internal pressure of a single battery cell increases, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas can enter the first exhaust channel 512 through the opening 5100 after the explosion-proof valve 4 is opened and be smoothly discharged. It also ensures that the explosion-proof valve 4 can easily puncture the explosion-proof valve patch 5, thereby releasing pressure in a timely manner.

[0052] exist Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the opening 5100 further has a third side 5014 and a fourth side 5105 disposed opposite each other along the third direction Z, and the cover 511 is spaced apart from the third side 5014 and the fourth side 5105 respectively. The third side 5014 and the fourth side 5105 are spaced apart from the cover 511 and form a second exhaust channel 514. This arrangement, by increasing the exhaust channel area, further ensures that the explosion-proof valve 4 can smoothly pierce the explosion-proof valve patch 5 when it is opened, thereby timely depressurization, avoiding explosion due to excessive internal gas pressure of the single battery, and improving the safety and reliability of the single battery.

[0053] The battery pack of this application embodiment includes the aforementioned single battery cell. Therefore, the battery pack can have all the technical features and beneficial effects of the aforementioned single battery cell, which will not be repeated here.

[0054] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0055] The present application provides a detailed description of a single battery cell and a battery pack, and uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core ideas of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A single-cell battery, the single-cell battery having a first orientation, characterized in that, include: case; Electrode assembly, disposed within the housing; A cover plate is connected to one end of the housing along the first direction. The cover plate is provided with a through-hole along the first direction, and the through-hole communicates with the inside of the housing. An explosion-proof valve is connected to the cover plate and seals the explosion-proof hole; An explosion-proof valve patch is connected to the side of the explosion-proof valve away from the electrode assembly. The explosion-proof valve patch includes a patch body and a cover. The patch body has a through opening along a first direction. The cover is connected to the patch body, and part of the cover is located on the side of the patch body away from the explosion-proof valve. The cover covers the opening. A first exhaust channel is formed between the cover and the patch body along the first direction, and the first exhaust channel communicates with the opening.

2. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single battery cell also has a second direction, which intersects with the first direction. The cover includes a covering portion and an overlapping portion connected along the second direction. The covering portion is connected to the patch body and covers the opening. The overlapping portion is located on the side of the patch body away from the explosion-proof valve and along the first direction. The overlapping portion and the patch body form the first exhaust channel.

3. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cover portion has a bent portion located at one end opposite to the overlap portion along the second direction. Along the first direction, the bent portion protrudes toward the side away from the electrode assembly, and the bent portion is connected to the patch body.

4. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the overlapping portion along the second direction is less than the length of the covering portion along the second direction.

5. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The patch body and the cover are integrally formed.

6. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single battery cell includes a connecting layer disposed on the side of the patch body near the explosion-proof valve, the connecting layer surrounds the cover, and the connecting layer is connected to the explosion-proof valve.

7. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single cell also has a third direction, which intersects with the first direction. A second venting channel is formed between the end of the cover along the third direction and the patch body. The second venting channel connects the first venting channel and the opening.

8. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single battery cell also has a second direction, which intersects with the first direction, and the projection of the hole wall along the first direction onto the plane where the explosion-proof valve patch is located is rectangular.

9. The single-cell battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The opening has a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other along the second direction, one of the first side and the second side being connected to the cover, and the other of the first side and the second side being spaced apart from the cover along the second direction.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the single-cell battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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