Energy-saving photovoltaic vacuum glass structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses an energy-saving photovoltaic vacuum glass structure, which comprises a sealing layer, a photovoltaic power generation functional layer, a heat conversion functional layer, a heat exchange tube, a vacuum heat insulation functional layer, a gas cavity, a water absorbent and a getter, the sealing layers comprise a first sealing layer, a second sealing layer, a third sealing layer and a fourth sealing layer; the photovoltaic power generation functional layer comprises first glass, a laminated layer, second glass, a photovoltaic material layer and third glass, the absolute humidity of gas in the gas cavity is extremely low, the purpose is to reduce the absolute humidity, so that the dew point temperature is reduced, the relative humidity of the gas in the gas cavity is low, and dew formation cannot occur; the requirement for the relative humidity of the gas in the gas cavity is that the gas does not form dew and frost at the temperature below zero DEG C, and the gas in the gas cavity adopts air with a higher heat conduction coefficient instead of inert gas with a low heat conduction coefficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of vacuum glass technology, specifically relating to an energy-saving photovoltaic vacuum glass structure. Background Technology

[0002] As people's demands for architectural aesthetics increase, the proportion of glass used in building envelopes is constantly rising. However, because the thermal insulation and shading effects of conventional glass are far inferior to those of insulated exterior walls, over 50% of air conditioning energy consumption is lost through glass structures. Therefore, the energy-saving effect of glass is crucial for reducing building operating energy consumption.

[0003] Currently, the most energy-efficient glass on the market is vacuum glass and light-transmitting photovoltaic glass. However, each type of glass has its own advantages and disadvantages, making it difficult to simultaneously reduce the heat transfer coefficient, reduce the shading coefficient, reduce ultraviolet radiation, and utilize near-infrared energy. If these two types of glass are simply glued together, the heat on the back of the photovoltaic glass will be difficult to dissipate, and near-infrared radiation that is not absorbed by the photovoltaic glass can still easily pass through the vacuum glass and enter the room. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an energy-saving photovoltaic vacuum glass structure to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an energy-saving photovoltaic vacuum glass structure, including a sealing layer, and further including a photovoltaic power generation functional layer, a heat conversion functional layer, a heat exchange tube, a vacuum insulation functional layer, a gas chamber, a water absorbent, and a gas absorbent;

[0006] The sealing layer includes a first sealing layer, a second sealing layer, a third sealing layer, a fourth sealing layer, and;

[0007] The photovoltaic power generation functional layer includes a first glass, an interlayer, a second glass, a photovoltaic material layer, and a third glass;

[0008] The photovoltaic material layer includes a photovoltaic grid, which is distributed in strip-shaped intervals.

[0009] The heat conversion functional layer includes a fourth glass, a heat conversion material layer and a fifth glass, and they are sealed to each other by a third sealing layer.

[0010] The vacuum insulation functional layer includes a sixth glass, a vacuum insulation layer and a seventh glass, and they are sealed to each other by a first sealing layer.

[0011] The vacuum insulation layer includes support columns;

[0012] The photovoltaic power generation functional layer is located near the outside, and the vacuum insulation functional layer is located near the inside. The support column and the photovoltaic grid are on the same horizontal plane, and the center of the support column coincides with the center of the photovoltaic grid in the horizontal line of sight.

[0013] Preferably, the outer side of the second glass is connected to the first glass through an adhesive layer, and the inner side is connected to the third glass through a photovoltaic material layer and a fourth sealing layer.

[0014] Preferably, the photovoltaic material layer has positive and negative power lines at its lower or upper end, which are led out through the fourth sealing layer.

[0015] Preferably, the first glass is connected to the second glass via an interlayer, specifically a PVC interlayer.

[0016] Preferably, ventilation channels are provided at the middle positions of the upper and lower sides of the heat conversion functional layer.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows: The absolute humidity of the gas in the gas chamber is extremely low, which aims to lower the dew point temperature by reducing the absolute humidity, thereby making the relative humidity of the gas in the gas chamber low and preventing condensation, thus ensuring the overall visibility of the glass in this patent. The relative humidity requirement of the gas in the gas chamber of this patent is: no condensation or frost when the temperature is below zero degrees Celsius. The gas in the gas chamber of this patent uses air with a higher thermal conductivity coefficient, instead of inert gas with a low thermal conductivity coefficient. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a first cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a second cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is the third cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the usage process of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Sealing layer; 101. First sealing layer; 102. Second sealing layer; 103. Third sealing layer; 104. Fourth sealing layer; 2. Photovoltaic power generation functional layer; 201. First glass; 202. Lamination layer; 203. Second glass; 204. Photovoltaic material layer; 2041. Photovoltaic grid; 205. Third glass; 3. Heat conversion functional layer; 301. Fourth glass; 302. Heat conversion material layer; 303. Fifth glass; 4. Heat exchange tube; 5. Vacuum insulation functional layer; 501. Sixth glass; 502. Vacuum insulation layer; 5021. Support column; 503. Seventh glass; 6. Gas chamber; 7. Water absorbent; 8. Gas absorbent. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] This utility model provides an energy-saving photovoltaic vacuum glass structure as shown in the figure.

[0026] When the glass is installed vertically, the support column 5021 and the photovoltaic grid 2041 are on the same horizontal plane (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 1 , 2 As shown in the diagram, more specifically: when the glass is installed vertically, the center of the support column 5021 coincides with the center of the photovoltaic grid 2041 in the horizontal line of sight. The purpose is to reduce the interference of the support column 5021 on the horizontal line of sight and improve the overall light transmittance of the glass.

[0027] The glass panes from the outdoor side to the indoor side are, in order, the first glass 201, the second glass 203, the third glass 205, the fourth glass 301, the fifth glass 303, the sixth glass 501, and the seventh glass 503. All of them are single-pane tempered glass with high light transmittance, and can be made of ultra-clear glass or anti-reflective glass.

[0028] The sealing layers from the outdoor side to the indoor side are, in sequence, the fifth sealing layer 105, the fourth sealing layer 104, the third sealing layer 103, the second sealing layer 102, and the first sealing layer 101. Each sealing layer is located on the outermost edge of the corresponding glass and plays a role in sealing and fixing.

[0029] The outer side of the second glass 203 is connected to the first glass 201 through the laminated layer 202 and the fifth sealing layer 105, and the inner side is connected to the third glass 205 through the photovoltaic material layer 204 and the fourth sealing layer 104.

[0030] The photovoltaic power generation functional layer 2 is composed of a first glass 201, an interlayer 202, a second glass 203, a photovoltaic material layer 204, and a third glass 205. Photovoltaic power generation is achieved through the sealing of the fifth sealing layer 105 and the fourth sealing layer 104. It should be noted that there are positive and negative power lines at the lower or upper end of the photovoltaic material layer 204, which are led out through the fourth sealing layer 104 (not shown in the attached figure).

[0031] The first glass 20, as the outermost glass, is bonded to the second glass 203 via an interlayer 202. The interlayer 202 can be made of PVC, and its purpose is to firmly hold the broken glass together when the first glass 20 breaks, thereby reducing the amount of broken glass falling from a height.

[0032] The first glass 201 is made of self-cleaning glass with excellent scratch resistance. Its purpose is to reduce the risk of breakage of the second glass 203 and improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic material layer 204.

[0033] The photovoltaic material layer 204 has a photovoltaic grid 2041 that can be used for photovoltaic power generation. The photovoltaic grid layer 2041 is distributed in strips and can be made of cadmium telluride or crystalline silicon material.

[0034] The vacuum insulation functional layer 5 is composed of an outer sixth glass 501, which is connected to an inner seventh glass 503 through a vacuum layer 502, and is sealed through a first sealing layer 101.

[0035] The vacuum layer 502 has an internal air pressure of less than 0.01 Pa and has uniformly distributed support columns 5021 to prevent the sixth glass 501 and the seventh glass 503 from directly adhering due to atmospheric pressure, thermal expansion and other factors, thus preventing the vacuum layer from failing.

[0036] The heat conversion functional layer 3 consists of a fourth glass 301, a heat conversion material layer 302, and a fifth glass 303, and is sealed by a third sealing layer 103. Ventilation channels are provided in the middle of the upper and lower sides of the heat conversion functional layer 3, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 4 As shown.

[0037] The 302 heat conversion material layer is composed of nano heat conversion materials with high visible light transmittance, high near-infrared absorption, and high ultraviolet absorption, as well as an adhesive with high visible light transmittance and excellent aging resistance. The nano heat conversion materials can be composed of indium tin oxide and antimony tin oxide with a particle size of 30~50 nanometers.

[0038] In the AM1.5 standard solar spectrum, near-infrared radiation (wavelength 0.78~2.5μm) accounts for approximately 43% of the total solar radiation energy. The 302 heat conversion material layer can absorb near-infrared and ultraviolet radiation from sunlight, causing the temperature of the 302 heat conversion material layer to rise. The heat is mainly transferred to the 301 fourth glass and 303 fifth glass through thermal conduction and thermal radiation, and then transferred to the gas in the 6 gas cavity through thermal conduction and thermal convection. The thermal radiation of the 302 heat conversion material layer is called secondary radiation and belongs to far-infrared radiation.

[0039] Thermal conversion functional layer 3 (as shown in the attached image when placed horizontally) Figure 4 As shown), the gas chamber 6 is divided into two parts, with a smaller outer space and a larger inner space (as shown). Figure 1-3 As shown), the purpose is as follows: due to the small outer space (the distance from the heat conversion functional layer 3 to the third glass 205), the gas temperature in this space rises faster and is higher than the gas temperature in the inner space. The gas in the outer space expands and rises due to heat, passing through the gap in the middle of the top of the heat conversion functional layer 3 to reach the inner space. It first reaches the position of the heat exchange tube 4. There is flowing cooling water inside the heat exchange tube 4. Heat exchange occurs between the two, the gas temperature decreases and the density increases. Due to gravity, it sinks to the bottom of the inner space. Since the air pressure at the bottom of the outer space is lower than the air pressure at the bottom of the inner space, the gas at the bottom of the inner space flows into the bottom of the outer space through the gap in the middle of the top of the heat conversion functional layer 3. The gas at the bottom of the outer space expands due to heat and flows upward.

[0040] Therefore, the gas inside gas chamber 6 circulates, and the gas flow direction is: bottom of outer space → top of outer space → gap in the middle of the top of heat conversion functional layer 6 → top of inner space → bottom of inner space → gap in the middle of the bottom of heat conversion functional layer 3 → bottom of outer space. If... Figure 1 For example, the gas exhibits a clockwise rotating flow;

[0041] The air pressure in the outer space of gas chamber 6 is lower than the air pressure in the inner space;

[0042] A small portion of the solar radiation energy absorbed by the photovoltaic material layer 204 is converted into electrical energy, while most of it is converted into heat energy. This heat energy is mainly transferred to the second glass 203 and the third glass 205 through heat conduction. The third glass 205 then transfers the heat to the gas in the outer space of the gas cavity 6. On the other hand, the gas in the outer space of the gas cavity 6 absorbs heat from the heat conversion functional layer 3. Therefore, the heat absorbed by the gas in the outer space of the gas cavity 6 mainly comes from two sources.

[0043] The heat exchange tube 4 runs through the left and right sides of the gas chamber 6. The heat exchange tube 4 can be a transparent glass tube or a metal tube with a black outer surface. A transparent glass tube can improve the overall light transmittance of the entire glass in this patent, while a metal tube with a black outer surface can make the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange tube 4 better. After heat exchange, the liquid in the heat exchange tube 4 will heat up more significantly.

[0044] The main function of heat exchange tube 4 in this patent is to absorb heat from the gas in the gas chamber 6, thereby reducing the temperature of the gas inside the gas chamber 6. This serves two purposes: firstly, it lowers the temperature inside the photovoltaic panel, thus improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel; secondly, it connects multiple glass heat exchange tubes together and then connects them to the outdoor unit of the air source water heater, transferring heat to the evaporator side of the outdoor unit and reducing the energy consumption of the air source water heater. Alternatively, it can be connected to the outdoor unit of an air source central air conditioner in winter to provide heat to the evaporator side of the air source central air conditioner's outdoor unit.

[0045] Desiccant 7 is used to absorb moisture in the gas chamber 6, ensuring the dryness of the gas chamber 6 and preventing condensation and frost.

[0046] Getter 8 is used to absorb air inside the vacuum insulation layer 502 to ensure the vacuum level of the vacuum insulation layer 502.

[0047] Figure 3 This is the third cross-sectional view of the glass, compared to... Figure 1 , 2 , Figure 3 What's special is that this cross-section has been specially treated with water-absorbing agent 7 and air-absorbing agent 8. Figure 1 A cross-section can be understood as... Figure 4 Cut from top to bottom at the middle notch. Figure 2 A cross-section can be understood as... Figure 4 Cut from top to bottom at the middle position on the left side; Figure 3 A cross-section can be understood as... Figure 4 On the right side, near the outermost position, cut from top to bottom, the water absorbent 7 and air absorbent 8 are installed at this section.

[0048] The DC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation functional layer 2 can be stored in energy storage batteries. After being converted into AC power by an inverter, it can be discharged during peak electricity price periods, such as for central air conditioning, lighting, water heaters, etc.

[0049] By producing the photovoltaic power generation functional layer 2 (and the fourth sealing layer 104; the fifth sealing layer 105), the vacuum insulation functional layer 5 (and the first sealing layer 101), the heat conversion functional layer 3 (and the third sealing layer 103), and the heat exchange tube 4 separately in different factories, fixing and assembling them under sterile, dust-free, and extremely low absolute humidity conditions, and then sealing them with the second sealing layer 102, the combination of photovoltaic glass and vacuum glass can be achieved.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An energy-saving photovoltaic vacuum glass structure, comprising a sealing layer (1), characterized in that: It also includes a photovoltaic power generation functional layer (2), a heat conversion functional layer (3), a heat exchange tube (4), a vacuum insulation functional layer (5), a gas chamber (6), a water absorbent (7), and a gas absorbent (8); The sealing layer (1) includes a first sealing layer (101), a second sealing layer (102), a third sealing layer (103), a fourth sealing layer (104) and (105); The photovoltaic power generation functional layer (2) includes a first glass (201), an interlayer (202), a second glass (203), a photovoltaic material layer (204), and a third glass (205); The photovoltaic material layer (204) includes a photovoltaic grid (2041), which is a strip-shaped spaced distribution; The heat conversion functional layer (3) includes a fourth glass (301), a heat conversion material layer (302), and a fifth glass (303), and they are sealed to each other by a third sealing layer (103); The vacuum insulation functional layer (5) includes a sixth glass (501), a vacuum insulation layer (502) and a seventh glass (503), and they are sealed to each other by a first sealing layer (101); The vacuum insulation layer (502) includes a support column (5021); The photovoltaic power generation functional layer (2) is located near the outside, and the vacuum insulation functional layer (5) is located near the inside. The support column (5021) and the photovoltaic grid (2041) are on the same horizontal plane, and the center of the support column (5021) coincides with the center of the photovoltaic grid (2041) on the horizontal line of sight.

2. The energy-saving photovoltaic vacuum glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second glass (203) is connected to the first glass (201) on the outside through the interlayer (202) and (105), and is connected to the third glass (205) on the inside through the photovoltaic material layer (204) and the fourth sealing layer (104).

3. The energy-saving photovoltaic vacuum glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic material layer (204) has positive and negative power lines at its lower or upper end, which are led out through the fourth sealing layer (104).

4. The energy-saving photovoltaic vacuum glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first glass (201) is connected to the second glass (203) through an interlayer (202), specifically a PVC interlayer.

5. The energy-saving photovoltaic vacuum glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Ventilation channels are provided in the middle of the upper and lower sides of the heat conversion functional layer (3).

Images