Hemodialysis filter
By designing a multi-chamber structure and adsorption device in the hemodialysis filter, the problems of stimulation of blood cells and poor removal of small molecule toxins in existing dialysis methods have been solved, achieving a gentler mixing and a more efficient toxin removal effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422468188.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing dialysis filtration methods are highly irritating to blood cells and have poor clearance effects on small molecule toxins. In particular, excessive blood concentration in post-dilution HDF leads to a decrease in hollow fiber membrane flux and an increase in transmembrane pressure, which affects the treatment effect.
Design a hemodialysis filter including a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber arranged coaxially in sequence. Hollow fiber membrane bundles are connected in each chamber. The replacement fluid inlet is located around the second chamber. An adsorption device is located outside the second chamber and contains an adsorbent. The dialysate flows between the third chamber and the adsorption device to adsorb toxins. The replacement fluid mixes with blood in the second chamber to avoid height differences and turbulence, and to enhance the concentration difference to improve the clearance effect.
It reduces stimulation of blood cells, lowers the risk of turbulence, improves the clearance efficiency of small molecule toxins, avoids excessive blood concentration and increased transmembrane pressure, and enhances the stability and clearance rate of dialysis equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223627888U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to medical equipment technical field more specifically, relate to a hemodialysis filter. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the increasing incidence of uremia year by year, dialysis becomes the main treatment for patients to prolong life. The clinical dialysis mode mainly includes hemodialysis (HD) and hemodiafiltration (HDF) treatment, and HDF is more beneficial to the prognosis of patients than HD.
[0003] In order to exert the advantage of HDF treatment more beneficial to the prognosis of patients, the current clinical treatment mainly adopts HDF or HDF to carry out HDF treatment, HDF is to inject replacement fluid into the arterial pot to dilute blood, and then the mixed blood flows through the hemodiafiltration device, the blood in the hemodiafiltration device is dehydrated by the dialysis equipment dehydration pump, and the water, toxins and replacement fluid in the blood are discharged to the dialysate side, and then discharged outside; HDF is to inject replacement fluid into the venous pot, the water in the blood is discharged in the hemodiafiltration device, the toxins enter the dialysate side with the water and are discharged outside, and the blood is concentrated, and the replacement fluid is injected into the venous pot to dilute the over-concentrated blood, so as to carry out extracorporeal circulation treatment.
[0004] However, the treatment methods of HDF and HDF have advantages and disadvantages, HDF does not cause over-concentration of blood to avoid occurrence of blood clotting phenomenon, but HDF is to add replacement fluid into the arterial pot, and the blood is diluted in advance, so that the efficiency of removing small molecule toxins by relying on concentration difference is reduced, the amount of replacement fluid required to achieve the same removal effect as HDF needs to be greatly increased, and the cost of treatment is increased; HDF has higher removal efficiency than HDF, but HDF removes a large amount of water in the blood through the hemodiafiltration device, so that the blood in the hemodiafiltration device is in a concentrated state, the platelets and fibrin in the blood adhere to the inner surface of the hollow fiber membrane wire in the hemodiafiltration device, the flux of the hollow fiber membrane wire is reduced, and the transmembrane pressure is increased, which causes frequent alarm of the machine (transmembrane pressure alarm) and affects the treatment, the removal of small molecule toxins mainly relies on diffusion, that is, the concentration difference between the two sides of the hollow fiber membrane wire, the concentration of toxins in the dialysate near the outlet end of the dialysate is increased, the concentration difference between the two sides of the hollow fiber membrane wire is reduced, the diffusion of small molecule toxins in the blood to the dialysate is affected, and the removal rate of small molecule toxins near the outlet end of the dialysate is reduced.
[0005] At present, when dialysis filtration is carried out by injecting replacement fluid into an arterial pot or a venous pot, due to the height difference between the replacement fluid and the blood in the arterial pot or the venous pot, the injection of the replacement fluid often causes turbulent flow of the blood in the arterial pot or the venous pot, which is great stimulation to the blood cells, is not conducive to hemodynamics, and has the risk of causing damage to the blood cells; and the dialysate chamber of the blood dialysis filter used is a vertical channel, that is, the dialysate enters the blood dialysis filter from the dialysate inlet end, the dialysate enters the dialysate outlet end along the blood dialysis filter, and the concentration difference between the two sides of the hollow fiber membrane filament in the outlet end decreases due to the increase of the concentration of toxins in the outlet end, which affects the removal of small molecule toxins by diffusion.
[0006] Therefore, how to solve the problem of great stimulation to the blood cells and poor removal effect of small molecule toxins by the existing dialysis filtration method is a problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field at present. Practical new type content
[0007] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a blood dialysis filter which can reduce the stimulation to the blood cells and improve the performance of removing small molecule toxins in the blood during dialysis filtration.
[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:
[0009] A blood dialysis filter, comprising:
[0010] A dialysis filter body, the dialysis filter body comprises a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity which are coaxially arranged in sequence and are in communication, hollow fiber membrane bundles are arranged in the first cavity and the third cavity, and the end of the hollow fiber membrane bundle is sealingly connected with the corresponding first cavity and third cavity, the end of the first cavity is provided with a blood inlet, the side of the first cavity close to the blood inlet is provided with a dialysate outlet, the end of the third cavity is provided with a blood outlet, the side of the third cavity close to the blood outlet is provided with a dialysate inlet, and the periphery of the second cavity is provided with at least one replacement fluid inlet;
[0011] An adsorption device is arranged outside the second cavity, the adsorption device is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is in communication with the third cavity, the liquid outlet is in communication with the first cavity, and an adsorbent for adsorbing toxins is arranged in the adsorption device.
[0012] Preferably, the inner cavity of the adsorption device is provided with two microwell plates, the outer periphery of the microwell plate is connected with the cavity wall of the inner cavity, and the adsorbent is arranged in the cavity between the two microwell plates, the adsorbent is microspheres, and the microspheres include adsorption resin microspheres and / or activated carbon microspheres.
[0013] Preferably, the replacement fluid inlet is provided with three replacement fluid inlets, the three replacement fluid inlets are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the second cavity, and the replacement fluid inlets are connected with a dialysis device.
[0014] Preferably, the first cavity comprises a first shell, a hollow fiber membrane bundle is arranged in the first shell, a first end cover is arranged at one end of the first shell, a blood inlet is arranged on the first end cover, and a dialysate outlet is arranged on a side of the first shell close to the blood inlet.
[0015] Preferably, the third cavity comprises a second shell, a hollow fiber membrane bundle is arranged in the second shell, a second end cover is arranged at one end of the second shell, a blood outlet is arranged on the second end cover, and a dialysate inlet is arranged on a side of the second shell close to the blood outlet.
[0016] Preferably, the first shell, the second shell and the second cavity are all in a cylindrical structure, and the second cavity is connected with the first shell and the second shell through ultrasonic welding.
[0017] Preferably, the first end cover and the second end cover are both provided with internal threads, and the first shell and the second shell are both provided with external threads matched with the internal threads.
[0018] Preferably, a sealing ring is arranged between the first end cover and the first shell, and a sealing ring is also arranged between the second end cover and the second shell.
[0019] Preferably, the hollow fiber membrane bundle is composed of a plurality of hollow fiber membrane filaments, the hollow fiber membrane filaments are high-molecular semi-permeable membranes, and the end portions of the hollow fiber membrane bundle are sealed and bonded to the first shell and the second shell through polyurethane glue.
[0020] The hemodialysis filter provided by the utility model comprises a dialysis filter body and an adsorption device, specifically, the dialysis filter body comprises a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity which are coaxially arranged in sequence and are communicated, hollow fiber membrane bundles are arranged in the first cavity and the third cavity, the end portions of the hollow fiber membrane bundles are sealingly connected with the corresponding first cavity and third cavity, the internal portions of a plurality of hollow fiber membrane filaments constituting the hollow fiber membrane bundles form blood channels for blood circulation, the external portions of the plurality of hollow fiber membrane filaments form dialysate channels for dialysate circulation between the internal walls of the corresponding first cavity and third cavity, the end portion of the first cavity is provided with a blood inlet, the end portion of the third cavity is provided with a blood outlet, the blood of a patient enters the blood channel of the first cavity from the blood inlet, flows through the blood channels of the second cavity and the third cavity, and then flows out from the blood outlet and returns to the body of the patient, small molecule toxins in the blood can pass through the hollow fiber membrane filaments and enter the dialysate in the dialysate channels of the first cavity and the third cavity, at least one displacement liquid inlet is arranged in the periphery of the second cavity, displacement liquid enters the second cavity transversely through the displacement liquid inlet, is fully mixed with the blood flowing through the second cavity, and directly contacts the blood, so that there is no height difference and the mixing mode is more gentle, so that no turbulent flow is formed, the influence on blood hemodynamics and blood cells is small, blood is prevented from being excessively concentrated in the hemodialysis filter, and the performance of the hemodialysis filter on the removal of small molecule toxins in the blood is not affected.
[0021] The third cavity is provided with a dialysate inlet on the side close to the blood outlet, the first cavity is provided with a dialysate outlet on the side close to the blood inlet, the adsorption device is arranged outside the second cavity, the adsorption device is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is communicated with the third cavity, and the liquid outlet is communicated with the first cavity, that is, the dialysate enters the dialysate channel of the third cavity through the dialysate inlet, the dialysate exchanges substances with the blood in the hollow fiber membrane, that is, the small molecule toxins in the blood pass through the hollow fiber membrane into the dialysate, and the trace elements in the dialysate pass through the hollow fiber membrane into the blood, when the dialysate in the dialysate channel of the third cavity reaches the position of the liquid inlet of the adsorption device, the dialysate enters the adsorption device from the liquid inlet, the adsorption device is provided with an adsorbent for adsorbing toxins, the small molecule toxins in the dialysate are adsorbed by the adsorbent, so that the content of the small molecule toxins in the dialysate flowing out of the adsorption device is reduced, and then the dialysate is discharged from the liquid outlet of the adsorption device into the dialysate channel of the first cavity, at this time, the concentration of the small molecule toxins in the dialysate in the first cavity is reduced, and the concentration difference of the small molecule toxins inside and outside the hollow fiber membrane is used to make the small molecule toxins in the blood of the first cavity further pass through the hollow fiber membrane into the dialysate, and then the dialysate is discharged from the dialysate outlet, through the adsorption effect of the adsorption device, the concentration difference of the small molecule toxins inside and outside the hollow fiber membrane in the first cavity is increased, and the dispersion effect on the small molecule toxins is increased, so that the effect of removing the small molecule toxins is improved.
[0022] The blood dialysis filter arranged in the above manner directly contacts the replacement liquid with the blood, has no height difference, is mixed in a more gentle manner, does not form turbulent flow, has little influence on blood hemodynamics and blood cells, the concentration difference of the small molecule toxins inside and outside the hollow fiber membrane in the first cavity is increased through the added adsorption device, the dispersion effect on the small molecule toxins is increased, and the effect of removing the small molecule toxins is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.
[0024] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the blood dialysis filter provided by the present application is shown in the figure.
[0025] Figure 2 The sectional view of the blood dialysis filter provided by the present application is shown in the figure.
[0026] Figure 3 An enlarged view of the adsorption device provided by the present application.
[0027] Reference signs:
[0028] 1 - first cavity, 11 - blood inlet, 12 - dialysate outlet, 13 - first shell, 14 - first end cover;
[0029] 2 - second cavity, 21 - replacement fluid inlet;
[0030] 3 - third cavity, 31 - blood outlet, 32 - dialysate inlet, 33 - second shell, 34 - second end cover;
[0031] 4 - hollow fiber membrane bundle;
[0032] 5 - adsorption device, 51 - liquid inlet, 52 - liquid outlet, 53 - adsorbent, 54 - microwell plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be apparently and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0034] In the present application, unless explicitly defined and limited, the terms “mounting”, “connection”, “connecting”, “fixing” and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the communication inside two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application according to the specific circumstances.
[0035] It should be noted that the orientation words such as “up”, “down”, “in” and “out” in the following are defined based on the drawings.
[0036] The core of the present application is to provide a hemodialysis filter, which can reduce the stimulation to blood cells and improve the performance of removing small molecular toxins in blood during the dialysis filtration process.
[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a hemodialysis filter includes a dialysis filter body and an adsorption device 5.
[0038] Specifically, the dialysis filter body comprises a first cavity 1, a second cavity 2 and a third cavity 3 arranged coaxially and in sequence, hollow fiber membrane bundles 4 are arranged in the first cavity 1 and the third cavity 3, the end of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is sealingly connected with the corresponding first cavity 1 and third cavity 3, so that the inside of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is formed with a blood channel for blood circulation, the outside of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is formed with a dialysate channel for dialysate circulation between the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 and the inner wall of the corresponding first cavity 1 and third cavity 3, the end of the first cavity 1 is provided with a blood inlet 11, the end of the third cavity 3 is provided with a blood outlet 31, the blood of the patient enters the blood channel of the first cavity 1 from the blood inlet 11, flows through the blood channels of the second cavity 2 and the third cavity 3, and then flows out from the blood outlet 31 and returns to the body of the patient, the small molecule toxins in the blood can pass through the hollow fiber membrane and enter the dialysate in the dialysate channel of the first cavity 1 and the third cavity 3, the second cavity 2 is provided with at least one displacement liquid inlet 21 in the circumferential direction, the displacement liquid enters the second cavity 2 transversely through the displacement liquid inlet 21, the displacement liquid directly contacts with the blood, there is no height difference, the mixing mode is more gentle, no turbulent flow is formed, the influence on blood hemodynamics and blood cells is small, the blood is prevented from being excessively concentrated in the hemodialysis filter, and the performance of the hemodialysis filter for removing small molecule toxins in the blood is not affected.
[0039] The third cavity 3 is provided with a dialysate inlet 32 on the side close to the blood outlet 31, the first cavity 1 is provided with a dialysate outlet 12 on the side close to the blood inlet 11, the adsorption device 5 is arranged outside the second cavity 2, the adsorption device 5 is provided with a liquid inlet 51 and a liquid outlet 52, the liquid inlet 51 is communicated with the third cavity 3, and the liquid outlet 52 is communicated with the first cavity 1, that is to say, the dialysate enters the dialysate channel of the third cavity 3 through the dialysate inlet 32, and the dialysate and the blood in the hollow fiber membrane filaments constituting the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 exchange substances by using the concentration difference, that is to say, the small molecule toxins in the blood enter the dialysate through the hollow fiber membrane filaments, and the trace elements in the dialysate enter the blood through the hollow fiber membrane filaments, when the dialysate in the dialysate channel of the third cavity 3 reaches the position of the liquid inlet 51 of the adsorption device 5, the dialysate enters the adsorption device 5 from the liquid inlet 51, the adsorption device 5 is provided with an adsorbent 53 for adsorbing toxins, the small molecule toxins in the dialysate are adsorbed by the adsorbent 53, so that the content of the small molecule toxins in the dialysate flowing out of the adsorption device 5 is reduced, and then the dialysate is discharged from the liquid outlet 52 of the adsorption device 5 into the dialysate channel of the first cavity 1, at this time, the concentration of the small molecule toxins in the dialysate in the first cavity 1 is reduced, and the concentration difference of the small molecule toxins inside and outside the hollow fiber membrane filaments is used to make the small molecule toxins in the blood in the first cavity 1 further pass through the hollow fiber membrane filaments into the dialysate, and then the dialysate is discharged from the dialysate outlet 12, through the adsorption effect of the adsorption device 5, the concentration difference of the small molecule toxins inside and outside the hollow fiber membrane filaments in the first cavity 1 can be increased, and the dispersion effect on the small molecule toxins is further increased, so as to improve the effect of removing the small molecule toxins.
[0040] The second cavity 2 forms an independent chamber at the middle part of the hemodiafiltration device, blood enters the second cavity 2 from the blood inlet 11 at the upper end of the hemodiafiltration device, a substitution liquid inlet 21 is arranged on the second cavity 2, and the substitution liquid enters the second cavity 2 through the substitution liquid inlet 21 during hemodiafiltration treatment, and the blood and the substitution liquid are fully mixed in the second cavity 2; wherein the substitution liquid enters the second cavity 2 through the substitution liquid inlet 21 to mix with the blood, and the conventional way of injecting the substitution liquid into the arterial pot or the venous pot will form a turbulent flow in the pot due to the height difference between the substitution liquid and the blood, which increases the risk of blood cell damage, and the mixing way of the substitution liquid and the blood of the present application reduces the stimulation to the blood cells; in addition, compared with the injection of the substitution liquid into the arterial pot (pre-dilution) and the injection of the substitution liquid into the venous pot (post-dilution), the injection of the substitution liquid into the second chamber at the middle part of the hemodiafiltration device can make the blood entering the first cavity 1 of the hemodiafiltration device be appropriately concentrated, and the appropriately concentrated blood enters the second cavity 2 to mix with the substitution liquid in time to avoid further concentration of the blood, so that the transmembrane pressure is relatively low and increases smoothly during the whole treatment process, and the high transmembrane pressure alarm of the dialysis equipment will not be caused, and due to the relatively stable transmembrane pressure, the plugging phenomenon of the side hole of the inner wall of the hollow fiber membrane wire by fibrinogen and the like is improved, and the risk of blood coagulation is reduced; the adsorption device 5 is arranged on one side of the second cavity 2, and the adsorption device 5 serves as a channel for the dialysis liquid from the third cavity 3 of the hemodiafiltration device to enter the first cavity 1; the lower end of the adsorption device 5 is provided with a liquid inlet 51 at the connection position with the third cavity 3, the dialysis liquid in the third cavity 3 enters the adsorption device 5 through the liquid inlet 51, and the upper end of the adsorption device 5 is provided with a liquid outlet 52 at the connection position with the first cavity 1, and the dialysis liquid in the adsorption device 5 enters the first cavity 1 through the liquid outlet 52.
[0041] The hemodiafiltration device arranged in the above manner, compared with the conventional way of the substitution liquid entering the blood, the injection way of the present application is that the substitution liquid directly contacts with the blood, there is no height difference, the mixing way is more gentle, no turbulent flow is formed, the influence on the blood flow dynamics and the blood cells is small, by adding the adsorption device 5, the concentration difference of the small molecule toxins inside and outside the hollow fiber membrane wire in the first cavity 1 can be increased, and then the dispersion effect on the small molecule toxins is increased to improve the effect of removing the small molecule toxins.
[0042] In the above embodiment, the inner cavity of the adsorption device 5 is provided with two microporous plates 54, the outer periphery of the microporous plate 54 is connected with the cavity wall of the inner cavity, and the cavity between the two microporous plates 54 is provided with an adsorbent 53, the adsorbent 53 is a microsphere, including an adsorption resin microsphere and / or an activated carbon microsphere.
[0043] It should be noted that the microporous plate 54 is a circular plate, the outer peripheral wall of the circular plate is in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the adsorption device 5, a plurality of micropores are arranged on the circular plate to enable the dialysate to pass through the micropores and enter the interior of the adsorption device 5, the upper end and the lower end of the adsorption device 5 are respectively provided with the microporous plate 54, and the adsorbent microspheres are filled in the cavity between the two microporous plates 54. The dialysate enters from the liquid inlet 51, passes through the microporous plate 54 and contacts the adsorbent microspheres, the adsorbent microspheres adsorb the small molecular toxins in the dialysate, and the dialysate after adsorption enters the liquid outlet 52 through the microporous plate 54 and enters the first cavity 1 of the hemodiafiltration device, thereby increasing the concentration difference of the small molecular toxins on both sides of the hollow fiber membrane filament in the first cavity 1 of the hemodiafiltration device, enhancing the dispersion effect on the small molecular toxins, improving the clearance rate of the hemodiafiltration device.
[0044] In the embodiment, the adsorbent 53 is adsorbent resin microspheres and / or activated carbon microspheres, but in actual application, this is not limited, as long as the above technical effects can be achieved.
[0045] In the above case, the three replacement liquid inlets 21 are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the second cavity 2, and the replacement liquid inlets 21 are connected with the dialysis equipment.
[0046] It can be understood that the dialysis equipment provides the replacement liquid for the hemodiafiltration device, so that the replacement liquid is mixed with the blood of the patient, thereby avoiding excessive concentration of the blood in the hemodiafiltration device, keeping the transmembrane pressure relatively low and flat during the entire treatment process, improving the phenomenon of plugging of the pores on the inner wall side of the hollow fiber membrane filament by fibrinogen, and reducing the risk of blood clotting.
[0047] In the embodiment, the three replacement liquid inlets 21 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the second cavity 2, but in actual application, this is not limited, as long as the above technical effects can be achieved.
[0048] Further, the first cavity 1 includes a first shell 13, the first shell 13 is provided with a hollow fiber membrane bundle 4, one end of the first shell 13 is provided with a first end cover 14, the first end cover 14 is provided with a blood inlet 11, and the side of the first shell 13 close to the blood inlet 11 is provided with a dialysate outlet 12.
[0049] It should be noted that the first end cover 14 is provided with a blood inlet 11, the arterial end of the extracorporeal blood circuit is connected with the blood inlet 11 on the first end cover 14, the blood enters the first cavity 1 through the blood inlet 11 on the first end cover 14, and the small molecule toxins in the blood are preliminarily dialysis filtered through the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 in the first cavity 1. The dialysate with low concentration of small molecule toxins flows outside the several hollow fiber membranes constituting the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4, can form a concentration difference with the high concentration of small molecule toxins in the blood in the several hollow fiber membranes, and then increase the dispersion effect on the removal of small molecule toxins, so as to improve the effect of removing small molecule toxins. The dialysate after exchange is discharged from the dialysate outlet 12 close to the blood inlet 11 on the first end cover 14.
[0050] In the above embodiment, the third cavity 3 includes a second shell 33, the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is arranged in the second shell 33, one end of the second shell 33 is provided with a second end cover 34, the second end cover 34 is provided with a blood outlet 31, and one side of the second shell 33 close to the blood outlet 31 is provided with a dialysate inlet 32.
[0051] It can be understood that the second shell 33 provides the necessary strength for the third cavity 3 of the hemodiafiltration device, the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is filled in the third cavity 3, and the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 further dialysis filters the small molecule toxins in the blood flowing from the first cavity 1 of the hemodiafiltration device. The clean dialysate enters the third cavity 3 from the dialysate inlet 32 close to the blood outlet 31 on the second end cover 34, can form a concentration difference with the low concentration of small molecule toxins in the blood in the several hollow fiber membranes constituting the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4, and removes the small molecule toxins through the dispersion effect.
[0052] On the basis of the above embodiment, the dialysate inlet 32 and the dialysate outlet 12 are connected with the dialysis equipment. The dialysis equipment provides dialysate for the hemodiafiltration device, so that the dialysate exchanges substances with the blood in the several hollow fiber membranes constituting the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4, that is, the small molecule toxins in the blood enter the dialysate through the hollow fiber membranes, the trace elements in the dialysate enter the blood through the hollow fiber membranes, so as to reduce the concentration of small molecule toxins in the blood. The dialysate after exchanging substances with the blood in the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is discharged from the hemodiafiltration device through the dialysate outlet 12.
[0053] In the above embodiment, the first shell 13, the second shell 33 and the second cavity 2 are all cylindrical structures, and the second cavity 2 is connected with the first shell 13 and the second shell 33 through ultrasonic welding.
[0054] It can be understood that in the embodiment, the second cavity 2 is connected with the first shell 13 and the second shell 33 through ultrasonic welding, but in actual application, this is not limited as long as the above technical effects can be achieved.
[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the first end cover 14 and the second end cover 34 are provided with internal threads, and the first shell 13 and the second shell 33 are provided with external threads matched with the internal threads.
[0056] It should be noted that the first end cover 14 is provided with an internal thread connected with the external thread at the upper end of the first shell 13, and the second end cover 34 is provided with an internal thread connected with the external thread at the upper end of the second shell 33, and the first shell 13 and the second shell 33 as the support of the hemodialysis filter provide the necessary strength for the hemodialysis filter.
[0057] In the above case, a sealing ring is arranged between the first end cover 14 and the first shell 13, and a sealing ring is also arranged between the second end cover 34 and the second shell 33.
[0058] It can be understood that by arranging the sealing ring, the sealing of the end cover and the shell is realized, and the blood, replacement fluid and dialysis fluid are prevented from flowing out from the gap between the end cover and the shell, thereby ensuring the sealing of the entire hemodialysis filter.
[0059] In the above embodiment, the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is composed of a plurality of hollow fiber membrane filaments, the hollow fiber membrane filament is a high molecular semi-permeable membrane, and the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is sealed and bonded to the first shell 13 and the second shell 33 by polyurethane glue.
[0060] It should be noted that the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is composed of a plurality of hollow fiber membrane filaments, the hollow fiber membrane filament is a semi-permeable membrane of high molecular material (such as polysulfone, polyether sulfone, etc.), blood flows through the inside of the hollow fiber membrane filament, and small molecular toxins in the blood are effectively dialyzed and filtered, and trace elements in the dialysis fluid can pass through the semi-permeable membrane into the blood; the polyurethane glue mainly plays a role in fixing the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4, and the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is sealed in the first shell 13 and the second shell 33 by glue injection, so as to prevent the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 from scattering.
[0061] In summary, the hemodialysis filter provided by the utility model, through setting a second cavity 2 at the middle part of the hemodialysis filter, additionally arranging multiple displacement liquid inlets 21 around the second cavity 2, the displacement liquid is mixed with the blood in the hemodialysis filter at the middle part, the blood concentration is reduced, the performance of the hemodialysis filter on the small molecule toxin is not affected, the displacement liquid is relatively more gentle in mixing with the blood, the blood clotting phenomenon caused by the turbulence stimulation to the blood cells is reduced, additionally, the chamber filled with the adsorbent microspheres, i.e. the adsorption device 5, is arranged in the channel through which the dialysis liquid passes, the small molecule toxin in the dialysis liquid is adsorbed by the adsorbent microspheres, the concentration difference of the small molecule toxin on both sides of the hollow fiber membrane wire in the first cavity 1 is increased, and the dispersion effect on the small molecule toxin is increased.
[0062] Through setting multiple displacement liquid inlets 21 at the middle part of the hemodialysis filter, the displacement liquid is mixed with the blood at the middle part of the hemodialysis filter, the mode of injecting the displacement liquid from the arterial pot or the venous pot in the traditional hemodialysis filter treatment is changed, the mode of mixing the displacement liquid with the blood through multiple inlets is adopted, the blood red cells are subjected to smaller external force, the possibility of the change of the structure and function is reduced, the blood clotting phenomenon in the hemodialysis filter is inhibited, and the mode of injecting the displacement liquid from the middle part combines the advantages of the pre-dilution and post-dilution hemodialysis filter treatment, the risk of the blood concentration is smaller, and the removal efficiency is higher.
[0063] The hemodialysis filter can effectively control the growth range of the transmembrane pressure, does not cause the excessive concentration of the blood to cause the large amplitude increase of the transmembrane pressure, thereby causing the high alarm of the transmembrane pressure of the dialysis equipment, and affects the treatment; moreover, the small molecule toxin removal rate is greatly improved; through the statistical observation of the number of blood clotting hollow fiber membrane wires in the hemodialysis filter, there is no blood clotting in the hemodialysis filter after the treatment, and the blood clotting phenomenon can be effectively inhibited.
[0064] It should be noted that in the specification, the relationship terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity from other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities.
[0065] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0066] The hemodialysis filter provided by the utility model is described in detail. The principle and implementation mode of the utility model are described by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping to understand the method of the utility model and the core idea. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, some improvements and modifications can be made to the utility model without departing from the principle of the utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the utility model claim.
Claims
1. A hemodialysis filter, characterized in that, include: The dialysis filter body includes a first chamber (1), a second chamber (2), and a third chamber (3) arranged coaxially and connected in sequence. Hollow fiber membrane bundles (4) are provided in both the first chamber (1) and the third chamber (3), and the ends of the hollow fiber membrane bundles (4) are sealed to the corresponding first chamber (1) and the third chamber (3). The end of the first chamber (1) is provided with a blood inlet (11), and the side of the first chamber (1) near the blood inlet (11) is provided with a dialysate outlet (12). The end of the third chamber (3) is provided with a blood outlet (31), and the side of the third chamber (3) near the blood outlet (31) is provided with a dialysate inlet (32). The second chamber (2) is provided with at least one replacement fluid inlet (21) in the circumferential direction. An adsorption device (5) is located outside the second cavity (2). The adsorption device (5) is provided with an inlet (51) and a outlet (52). The inlet (51) is connected to the third cavity (3), and the outlet (52) is connected to the first cavity (1). The adsorption device (5) is provided with an adsorbent (53) for adsorbing toxins.
2. The hemodialysis filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption device (5) has two microporous plates (54) in its inner cavity. The outer periphery of the microporous plates (54) is connected to the cavity wall of the inner cavity. The cavity between the two microporous plates (54) is provided with the adsorbent (53). The adsorbent (53) is a microsphere, including adsorption resin microspheres and / or activated carbon microspheres.
3. The hemodialysis filter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The replacement fluid inlet (21) is provided in three places. The three replacement fluid inlets (21) are evenly arranged around the second cavity (2). The replacement fluid inlets (21) are connected to the dialysis equipment.
4. The hemodialysis filter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first cavity (1) includes a first housing (13), the hollow fiber membrane bundle (4) is provided inside the first housing (13), a first end cap (14) is provided at one end of the first housing (13), the blood inlet (11) is provided on the first end cap (14), and the dialysate outlet (12) is provided on the side of the first housing (13) near the blood inlet (11).
5. The hemodialysis filter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third cavity (3) includes a second housing (33), the hollow fiber membrane bundle (4) is provided inside the second housing (33), a second end cap (34) is provided at one end of the second housing (33), the blood outlet (31) is provided on the second end cap (34), and the dialysate inlet (32) is provided on the side of the second housing (33) near the blood outlet (31).
6. The hemodialysis filter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first housing (13), the second housing (33) and the second cavity (2) are all cylindrical structures, and the second cavity (2) is connected to the first housing (13) and the second housing (33) by ultrasonic welding.
7. The hemodialysis filter according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the first end cap (14) and the second end cap (34) are provided with internal threads, and both the first housing (13) and the second housing (33) are provided with external threads that mate with the internal threads.
8. The hemodialysis filter according to claim 7, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the first end cap (14) and the first housing (13), and the sealing ring is also provided between the second end cap (34) and the second housing (33).
9. The hemodialysis filter according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that, The hollow fiber membrane bundle (4) is composed of several hollow fiber membrane filaments. The hollow fiber membrane filaments are polymer semi-permeable membranes. The ends of the hollow fiber membrane bundle (4) are sealed and bonded to the first shell (13) and the second shell (33) by polyurethane adhesive.