Consolidation test device suitable for high-water-content sludge
By combining direct loading and lever loading systems, the consolidation rebound problem of high water content silt soil samples was solved, achieving the effect of a soil sample consolidation device for continuous loading of soft plastic or fluid plastic soil samples, and providing more accurate test data.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423129933.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing consolidation apparatuses cannot effectively consolidate soft plastic or fluid plastic soil samples with high water content, causing soil samples to rebound during the test and affecting the accuracy of the test results.
A combination of direct loading and lever loading systems was used. First, a small consolidation stress was applied through the direct loading system to consolidate the soil sample from a soft plastic or fluid plastic state to a plastic state. Then, a large consolidation stress was applied through the lever loading system to consolidate the soil sample to a solid state. Data was measured using a laser displacement meter.
Continuous loading and consolidation of silt with high water content was achieved, avoiding soil sample rebound and obtaining more accurate test data.
Smart Images
Figure CN223637518U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to geotechnical engineering technical field relates to a kind of consolidation test device suitable for high water content silt. BACKGROUND
[0002] The compression characteristics of soil is one of important indexes in engineering, and the settlement of foundation can be calculated more accurately by the compression index of soil, which provides important basis for engineering design and construction, therefore, it is of great significance to accurately measure the compression of soil in engineering technical field.
[0003] The current geotechnical engineering standard multistage loading consolidation test equipment is only applicable to soil sample above plastic state, and the first stage pressure level is usually 12.5kPa. For soil sample with high water content and high compression, it is usually in soft plastic or flow plastic state, and the initial pressure is too high, which can cause the soft soil in the consolidation container to be directly squeezed out. The existing consolidation instrument cannot directly consolidate the soil sample in soft plastic or flow plastic state, and it is necessary to preliminarily consolidate the soil sample in soft plastic or flow plastic state to semi-solid state, and then put it into the consolidation instrument for consolidation, which not only is troublesome, but also causes the rebound of soil sample during the test.
[0004] Therefore, a consolidation test device suitable for high water content silt is needed, which can gradually and continuously pressurize the soil sample in soft plastic or flow plastic state to obtain more reasonable and accurate test data. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the background art, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a consolidation test device suitable for high water content silt. The device combines the direct pressure system with the lever pressure system, applies smaller consolidation stress through the direct loading system first, so that the soil sample with high water content is consolidated from soft plastic or flow plastic state to plastic state, and then applies larger consolidation stress through the lever pressure system, so that the soil sample is consolidated from plastic state to solid state, realizes continuous loading of liquid soil sample until consolidation, and avoids the rebound of soil sample during the test.
[0006] Therefore, the utility model is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:
[0007] The utility model provides a kind of consolidation test device suitable for high water content silt, including workbench, consolidation container, counterforce frame, direct loading system, lever loading system and measurement system, the counterforce frame is set on workbench, the counterforce frame includes upper support plate, connecting plate and two connecting rods, one end of two connecting rods is fixedly connected with upper support plate, the other end extends to the direction of lever loading system by passing through workbench, the lower end of two connecting rods is connected by connecting plate, the connecting plate is matched with lever loading system, and connecting rod is moved along vertical direction, the upper end of direct loading system is fixedly connected with upper support plate by guide rod, and the lower end of direct loading system is equipped with pressurizing rod, the pressurizing rod is located above consolidation container, provides consolidation pressure for soil sample in consolidation container, and the measurement system includes laser displacement meter and light baffle, the light baffle is transversely arranged on pressurizing rod, and the laser displacement meter is located below light baffle, and laser displacement meter measures the displacement data of light baffle.
[0008] Further, the consolidation container includes a cutting ring, a top cover and a base, the base is arranged on the workbench, the cutting ring is placed on the base, and the cutting ring is filled with a test soil sample, the top cover is arranged on the upper end of the cutting ring, and the top cover is fixedly installed on the pressurizing rod, so that the top cover can move in the cutting ring along the vertical direction under the driving of the pressurizing rod, the top cover is provided with a drainage hole, the lower end of the top cover is provided with a first water-permeable stone groove in communication with the drainage hole, and the first water-permeable stone groove is placed with a first water-permeable stone.
[0009] Further, the base is provided with a second water-permeable stone groove and a drainage groove, the second water-permeable stone groove and the drainage groove are in communication with each other, the drainage groove is in communication with an external pipeline, and the second water-permeable stone groove is placed with a second water-permeable stone, and the consolidation container is arranged above the second water-permeable stone.
[0010] Further, the top cover is sleeved with a rubber ring outside, and the rubber ring abuts against the inner wall of the cutting ring.
[0011] Further, the consolidation container is provided with a limiting container outside, the limiting container is provided with an opening hole corresponding to the pressurizing rod at the top end, and the pressurizing rod extends to the consolidation container through the opening hole of the limiting container.
[0012] Further, the base and the workbench are both provided with a hole corresponding to the position of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod can extend to the bottom of the workbench through the hole.
[0013] Further, the direct loading system includes a weight disc and a pressurizing cover, the weight disc is installed on the upper end of the pressurizing rod, the pressurizing cover is installed on the upper end of the weight disc, and the pressurizing cover is fixedly connected with the upper support plate through a plurality of guide rods.
[0014] Further, the lever loading system comprises a lever, a hinged seat, a leveling hand wheel and a weight disc, the hinged seat is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the workbench, one end of the lever is connected with the weight hanging rod, the other end is hinged with the hinged seat, the lever is abutted with the upper surface of the connecting plate, the weight disc is installed below the weight hanging rod, the leveling hand wheel is installed at the front end of the workbench, and the leveling hand wheel is connected with the lever through the adjusting rod; before starting the test, the rotating leveling hand wheel is used to adjust the adjusting rod to make the lever in a balanced state, the connecting plate is pressed through the weight disc, the connecting rod is driven to move along the hole, and the counterforce frame is vertically moved to drive the pressurizing rod to apply consolidation pressure to the soil sample in the consolidation container.
[0015] Further, the base is provided with a displacement meter support, and the displacement meter support is located below the light baffle.
[0016] Further, the laser displacement meter is connected with an external computer through wires, and the receiver of the laser displacement meter transmits test data to the external computer for recording after receiving the test data.
[0017] After the above technical scheme is adopted, the following beneficial effects are obtained:
[0018] 1. The device combines the direct loading system and the lever loading system, applies a consolidation stress of 100 kPa or less to the soil sample in a soft plastic or flow plastic state through the direct loading system, gradually increases the load, and makes the soil sample in a high water content state consolidate from the soft plastic or flow plastic state to the plastic state, and then loads a load greater than 100 kPa through the lever loading system, so that the soil sample consolidates from the plastic state to the solid state. In the process of gradually increasing the load, the device can smoothly transition from the direct loading system to the lever loading system, and the device does not need to be unloaded during the test, thereby avoiding the influence of soil sample rebound on the test results.
[0019] 2. The common measuring device of the consolidation test testing device is a dial gauge, the dial gauge is replaced by the laser displacement meter in the device, the spring installed in the dial gauge has an elastic force, so that the device cannot load a very small load, and the laser displacement meter used as the measuring device can obtain more various and more accurate data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] The utility model has the following drawings:
[0021] Fig. 1 It is a test device structure schematic view of a consolidation test device suitable for high water content silt;
[0022] Fig. 2 It is a right view of a consolidation test device suitable for high water content silt.
[0023] Mark No. : 1, ring cutter; 2, top cover; 3, pressing rod; 4, limiting container; 5, upper support plate; 6, base; 7, connecting rod; 8, weight disc; 9, pressing cover; 10, guide rod; 11, first water-permeable stone; 12, test soil sample; 13, light baffle; 14, laser displacement meter; 15, displacement meter support; 16, leveling hand wheel; 17, lever; 18, workbench; 19, drainage hole; 20, drainage groove; 21, hinged seat; 22, hanging weight rod; 23, connecting plate; 24, second water-permeable stone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present application to achieve the predetermined object, the specific embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present application are described in detail below in combination with the drawings and preferred embodiments.
[0025] Referring to Figs. 1-2 Fig. 1, a consolidation test device suitable for high-water-content silt includes a workbench 18, a consolidation container, a counterforce frame, a direct loading system, a lever loading system and a measurement system. The counterforce frame is arranged on the workbench 18 and includes an upper support plate 5, a connecting plate 23 and two connecting rods 7. One end of each connecting rod 7 is fixedly connected to the upper support plate 5, and the other end of each connecting rod 7 extends through the workbench 18 to the direction of the lever loading system. The lower ends of the two connecting rods 7 are connected by the connecting plate 23, which is in abutting engagement with the lever loading system to drive the connecting rods 7 to move in the vertical direction.
[0026] The upper end of the direct loading system is fixedly connected to the upper support plate 5 through a guide rod 10, and the lower end of the direct loading system is provided with a pressing rod 3. The pressing rod 3 is located above the consolidation container to provide a consolidation pressure for the soil sample in the consolidation container.
[0027] The consolidation container includes a ring cutter 1, a top cover 2 and a base 6. The base 6 is arranged on the workbench 18, the ring cutter 1 is placed on the base 6, and the test soil sample 12 is placed in the ring cutter 1. The top cover 2 is arranged at the upper end of the ring cutter 1 and is fixedly installed on the pressing rod 3. The top cover 2 can move in the vertical direction inside the ring cutter 1 under the driving of the pressing rod 3. The top cover 2 is provided with a drainage hole 19, and the lower end of the top cover 2 is provided with a first water-permeable stone groove in communication with the drainage hole 19. The first water-permeable stone groove is provided with a first water-permeable stone 11.
[0028] The base 6 is provided with a second water-permeable stone groove and a drainage groove 20. The second water-permeable stone groove and the drainage groove 20 are in communication with each other. The drainage groove 20 is in communication with an external pipeline. The second water-permeable stone groove is provided with a second water-permeable stone 24, and the consolidation container is arranged above the second water-permeable stone 24. The two water-permeable stones can absorb water in the soil sample from the top and bottom directions and discharge the water outside through the drainage hole 19 or the drainage groove 20, which facilitates drainage consolidation.
[0029] The rubber ring is sleeved on the top cover 2, and abuts against the inner wall of the ring knife 1. The rubber ring can improve the sealing between the top cover 2 and the ring knife 1, and prevent water from overflowing from the periphery of the top cover 2.
[0030] The limiting container 4 is arranged outside the consolidation container, and the top end of the limiting container 4 is provided with an opening hole corresponding in diameter to the pressurizing rod 3. The pressurizing rod 3 extends into the consolidation container through the opening hole of the limiting container 4. The limiting container 4 can limit the pressurizing rod 3 to move only in the vertical direction, and can prevent the pressurizing rod 3 from shaking during the loading process to affect the test effect.
[0031] The direct loading system comprises a weight disc 8 and a pressurizing cover 9. The weight disc 8 is installed on the upper end of the pressurizing rod 3, and the pressurizing cover 9 is installed on the upper end of the weight disc 8. The pressurizing cover 9 is fixedly connected to the upper support plate 5 at the top of the counterforce frame through a plurality of guide rods 10. The position of the pressurizing cover 9 is fixed by the guide rods 10, so that the pressurizing cover 9 can directly act on the soil sample through the pressurizing rod 3 in the vertical direction, and offset during loading is prevented, so as to ensure that the load is applied at the center of the pressurizing cover 9.
[0032] The base 6 and the workbench 18 are both provided with a hole corresponding to the position of the connecting rod 7, and the connecting rod 7 can extend into the bottom of the workbench 18 through the hole.
[0033] The lever loading system is arranged below the workbench 18. The lever loading system comprises a lever 17, a hinged seat 21, a leveling hand wheel 16 and a weight disc 8. The hinged seat 21 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the workbench 18. One end of the lever 17 is connected to a hanging weight rod 22, and the other end is hingedly connected to the hinged seat 21. The lever 17 abuts against the upper surface of a connecting plate 23. The hanging weight rod 22 is provided below the weight disc 8. The leveling hand wheel 16 is installed at the front end of the workbench 18. An adjusting rod is connected to the lever 17 by adjustment (the adjusting structure is prior art, and thus is not marked in detail in the drawings). Before the test starts, the leveling hand wheel 16 is rotated to adjust the adjusting rod to make the lever 17 in a balanced state. At this time, the lever 17 applies a downward force to the connecting plate 23 through the weight disc 8, drives the connecting rod 7 to move along the hole, so as to make the counterforce frame move vertically, and drive the pressurizing rod 3 to apply a consolidation pressure to the soil sample in the consolidation container. When the lever 17 drives the upper support plate 5 to displace, the lever loading system can simultaneously drive the pressurizing cover 9 in the direct loading system to displace. The pressurizing cover drives the pressurizing rod 3 to apply a consolidation force to the soil sample. The state of directly applying a load from the direct loading system is transitioned to applying a load by the lever loading system. The consolidation test device can gradually increase from a consolidation pressure lower than 100 kPa to a consolidation pressure higher than 100 kPa. During the period, the device does not need to be unloaded due to replacement of the loading system. Therefore, the continuity of loading can be ensured, and springback caused by unloading during replacement from low consolidation stress loading to high consolidation stress loading is avoided.
[0034] The measuring system comprises a laser displacement meter 14 and a light baffle 13, which is arranged transversely on the pressurizing rod 3, and a displacement meter support 15 is arranged on the base 6, which is below the light baffle 13, and the laser displacement meter 14 is arranged on the displacement meter support, which is also below the light baffle 13, and the laser displacement meter 14 measures the displacement data of the light baffle 13. The laser displacement meter 14 is used to measure the data, which can avoid the influence of the spring force of the spring type linear variable differential transformer on the load balance of the sample.
[0035] The laser displacement meter 14 is connected with an external computer through a computer connecting line, and the receiver of the laser displacement meter 14 retransmits the test data to the external computer for recording.
[0036] After the above technical scheme is adopted, in the multi-stage loading consolidation test, the first stage load is usually 5 to 10 kPa, and the device is combined by the direct loading system and the lever loading system, which can make the soft plastic or flow plastic soil sample consolidated under the self-weight consolidation process with a consolidation pressure less than 1.0 kPa. The load applied by the direct loading system in the device is up to 100 kPa, and the duration of each load increment in the test process is 1 day, and after 1 day, the soil sample with high water content is consolidated from soft plastic or flow plastic to plastic state. Since the consolidation device can only bear 100 kPa consolidation pressure under the self-weight condition, after the 100 kPa consolidation test is completed, the device can be smoothly transferred from the direct loading system to the lever loading system, and the lever loading system can gradually apply vertical consolidation stress of 200 kPa, 400 kPa, 800 kPa and 1600 kPa to consolidate the soil sample from plastic state to solid state. During this period, although the loading system used is changed, the device does not need to be unloaded, which can effectively avoid the rebound problem of the general consolidation test device during unloading. The laser displacement meter 14 is used on the measuring instrument, and if the spring type linear variable differential transformer is used to measure the displacement, the spring force generated by the variable differential transformer may affect the load balance of the sample under lower consolidation stress, so the laser displacement meter 14 is used to measure the vertical displacement. The measuring data can be retransmitted to the computer by the laser displacement meter 14, and for each load increment, the computer can record the settlement-time curve by using the data log.
[0037] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application in any form. Although the present application has been disclosed with the preferred embodiments as above, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above disclosed technical content to obtain equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, as long as the changes or modifications do not deviate from the technical solution of the present application. Any modification, change, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments made according to the technical essence of the present application still belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present application.
Claims
1. A consolidation test apparatus suitable for use with high water content silt, characterized by: The utility model provides a soil consolidation test device, including workbench, consolidation container, counterforce frame, direct loading system, lever loading system and measuring system, the counterforce frame sets up on workbench, the counterforce frame includes upper support plate, connecting plate and two connecting rods, one end is fixedly connected with upper support plate to two connecting rods, and the other end extends to lever loading system direction through workbench, and the lower end of two connecting rods is connected through connecting plate, the connecting plate is matched with lever loading system, and connecting rod is driven to move along vertical direction, the upper end of direct loading system is fixedly connected with upper support plate through guide rod, and the lower end of direct loading system is equipped with pressurizing rod, and the pressurizing rod is located consolidation container top, provides consolidation pressure for the soil sample in consolidation container, and the measuring system includes laser displacement meter and light baffle, the light baffle is set up in pressurizing rod transversely, and the laser displacement meter is located light baffle below, and laser displacement meter measures the displacement data of light baffle.
2. The consolidation test apparatus for high water content sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The consolidation container includes a cutting ring, a top cover and a base, the base is arranged on the workbench, the cutting ring is arranged on the base, the cutting ring is filled with a test soil sample, the top cover is arranged on the upper end of the cutting ring, the top cover is fixedly installed on the pressurizing rod, the top cover is movable in the cutting ring along the vertical direction under the driving of the pressurizing rod, the top cover is provided with a drainage hole, the lower end of the top cover is provided with a first water-permeable stone groove in communication with the drainage hole, and the first water-permeable stone groove is arranged with a first water-permeable stone.
3. The consolidation test apparatus for high water content sludge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base is provided with a second water-permeable stone groove and a drainage groove, the second water-permeable stone groove and the drainage groove are in communication with each other, the drainage groove is in communication with an external pipeline, and the second water-permeable stone groove is arranged with a second water-permeable stone, and the consolidation container is arranged above the second water-permeable stone.
4. The consolidation test apparatus for high water content sludge according to claim 3, wherein: The top cover is sleeved with a rubber ring, and the rubber ring abuts against the inner wall of the cutting ring.
5. The consolidation test apparatus for high water content sludge according to claim 4, wherein: The consolidation container is provided with a limiting container outside, the limiting container is provided with an opening corresponding to the pressurizing rod at the top end, and the pressurizing rod extends to the consolidation container through the opening of the limiting container.
6. The consolidation test apparatus for high water content sludge according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that: The base and the workbench are both provided with a hole corresponding to the position of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod can extend to the bottom of the workbench through the hole.
7. The consolidation test apparatus for high water content sludge according to claim 6, characterized in that: The direct loading system includes a weight disc and a pressurizing cover, the weight disc is installed on the upper end of the pressurizing rod, the pressurizing cover is installed on the upper end of the weight disc, and the pressurizing cover is fixedly connected with the upper support plate through a plurality of guide rods.
8. The consolidation test apparatus for high water content sludge according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lever loading system includes a lever, a hinged seat, a leveling handle and a weight disc, the hinged seat is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the workbench, one end of the lever is connected with a hanging weight rod, the other end is hinged with the hinged seat, the lever abuts against the upper surface of the connecting plate, the hanging weight rod is installed below the weight disc, the leveling handle is installed on the front end of the workbench, the leveling handle is connected with the lever through an adjusting rod, before starting the test, the leveling handle can be rotated to adjust the adjusting rod to make the lever in a balanced state, the connecting plate is pressed by the weight disc to drive the connecting rod to move along the hole, so that the counterforce frame moves vertically, and the pressurizing rod applies consolidation pressure to the soil sample in the consolidation container.
9. The consolidation test apparatus for high water content sludge according to claim 8, characterized in that: The base is provided with a displacement meter support, the displacement meter support is located below the light baffle, and the laser displacement meter is placed on the displacement meter support.
10. The consolidation test apparatus for high water content sludge according to claim 9, characterized in that: The laser displacement meter is connected with an external computer through a wire, and the receiver of the laser displacement meter transmits the test data to the external computer for recording after receiving the test data.