Battery pack and automobile

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack. The battery pack comprises battery cells; the exhaust plate is of a hollow structure, extends along a first direction and is provided with an air inlet hole, the air inlet hole is communicated with the battery cell and is communicated with the interior of the exhaust plate, and the first direction is perpendicular to the height direction of the battery pack; a discharge port; one end of the exhaust pipeline is communicated with the interior of the exhaust plate, and the other end is communicated with the exhaust port; and gas escaped from the battery cell enters the exhaust plate through the gas inlet hole and then is exhausted from the exhaust port through the exhaust channel. By adopting the technical scheme, heat can be discharged from the battery pack in time when a certain battery cell is in thermal runaway, so that the arc discharge phenomenon caused by heat accumulation in the battery pack is avoided, the risk of fire of the battery pack can be reduced, and the escape time of users such as passengers is prolonged. The utility model further discloses an automobile which comprises the battery pack. By the adoption of the technical scheme, the safety performance of the automobile is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to battery technical field, concretely relates to a battery pack and a car. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, electrification is gradually becoming the main development trend of the automobile industry, and the realization of electrification cannot be separated from the electric core as the power source, which constitutes the core of the battery pack.

[0003] In the prior art, the explosion-proof valve of the electric core in the battery pack is arranged upward, which will cause the rapid rise of the air pressure in the battery pack when the electric core is in thermal runaway, and a large amount of heat generated will rush to the upper cover. Once the upper cover is broken or burned through, the heat will rush to the vehicle body floor, directly threatening the safety of the passengers. In the prior art, the electric core explosion-proof valve is also arranged horizontally. However, no matter whether the electric core is arranged upward or horizontally, if the heat is not discharged in time when the electric core is in thermal runaway, the heat will quickly accumulate in the battery pack, and the high temperature generated will directly impact the high-voltage electrical devices, wire harnesses and high-voltage insulation layers in the battery pack. The damage of the high-voltage insulation layer will induce thermal diffusion of the electric core, resulting in arc phenomenon (one electric core is in thermal runaway, and the high temperature generated impacts other electric cores, causing other electric cores to be in thermal runaway in succession), so that more electric cores are in thermal runaway. With the increase of the number of electric cores in thermal runaway, the risk of fire of the battery pack increases, and there is a great safety hazard. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the battery pack to solve the above technical problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The utility model provides the following technical scheme to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] The utility model provides a battery pack, which comprises:

[0006] An electric core;

[0007] An exhaust plate, which is a hollow structure, extends along a first direction, is provided with an air inlet hole, and is in communication with the electric core and the inside of the exhaust plate, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the height direction of the battery pack;

[0008] An exhaust outlet;

[0009] An exhaust pipeline, one end of which is in communication with the inside of the exhaust plate, and the other end of which is in communication with the exhaust outlet;

[0010] The gas escaping from the electric core enters the inside of the exhaust plate through the air inlet hole, and is then discharged from the exhaust outlet through the exhaust passage.

[0011] By adopting the technical scheme, when thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery cell, heat can be discharged from the battery pack in time, so that heat accumulation in the battery pack is avoided to cause arc drawing, and thus the risk of fire of the battery pack can be reduced, and the time for passengers to escape is increased.

[0012] Optionally, the bottom of the battery cell is provided with a first explosion-proof valve, and the air inlet hole is in communication with the first explosion-proof valve.

[0013] Optionally, the exhaust plate comprises a plate surface, the plate surface is provided with an interface corresponding to the exhaust outlet, one end of the exhaust pipeline is in communication with the inside of the exhaust plate through the butt joint interface, the exhaust outlet is located at one end of the battery pack along the first direction, and the corresponding interface is located at the side of the plate surface closer to the exhaust outlet along the first direction.

[0014] Optionally, the battery pack has a base, the base has side surfaces oppositely arranged along the first direction, and the exhaust outlet is located at the side surface.

[0015] Optionally, both ends of the exhaust plate along the first direction have openings, and the exhaust plate comprises a blocking block for blocking the openings.

[0016] Optionally, the exhaust outlet comprises a second explosion-proof valve, and the other end of the exhaust pipeline is in communication with the second explosion-proof valve.

[0017] Optionally, the battery pack further comprises an insulating plate, the insulating plate is located between the battery cell and the exhaust plate along the height direction, the plate surface of the insulating plate and the plate surface of the exhaust plate are attached, the insulating plate is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is in butt joint with the air inlet hole.

[0018] Optionally, along the height direction, mica paper is arranged between the insulating plate and the exhaust plate, and the mica paper is attached to one side of the insulating plate relative to the exhaust plate.

[0019] Optionally, the exhaust plate comprises a first plate surface and a second plate surface, the first plate surface and the second plate surface are oppositely arranged along the height direction, the first plate surface faces the battery cell, and the second plate surface faces away from the battery cell, wherein the first plate surface is provided with the air inlet hole, and the second plate surface is attached with the mica paper.

[0020] The utility model also provides a kind of automobile, which contains the battery pack in any of the above embodiments.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, the safety performance of the automobile is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 An exploded view of the battery pack in one embodiment of the present utility model is shown;

[0023] Figure 2 An overall structural schematic view of the battery pack in one embodiment of the present utility model is shown;

[0024] Figure 3The overall structure schematic of the battery pack (not containing the battery cell) in the embodiment of the utility model is shown Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 4 The overall structure schematic of the battery pack (not containing the battery cell) in the embodiment of the utility model is shown Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the insulating plate in the battery pack in the embodiment of the utility model is shown.

[0027] (Symbol explanation)

[0028] 1-battery pack, 2-battery cell, 3-exhaust plate, 3.1-first plate surface, 3.2-second plate surface, 4-inlet hole, 5-outlet, 6-exhaust pipeline, 7-interface, 8-base, 9-opening, 10-plugging block, 11-second explosion-proof valve, 12-insulating plate, 13-through hole, 14-mica paper, 15-side surface, 15.1-first side surface, 15.2-second side surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments of the utility model will be described by specific embodiments, and the person skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the utility model from the content disclosed in the specification. Although the description of the utility model will be introduced together with the preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of the utility model are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the utility model with the embodiment is to cover other options or modifications that can be extended based on the claims of the utility model. In order to provide a deep understanding of the utility model, many specific details will be included in the following description. The utility model can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or obscure the focus of the utility model, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments in the utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0030] The terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for differentiation and description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] It should be noted that in the specification, similar labels and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clear, the embodiments of the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0033] As Figures 1-2As shown, the utility model provides a battery pack 1, it includes:

[0034] Electricity core 2;

[0035] Exhaust plate 3, hollow structure, along the first direction (for example Figures 1-2 X direction in) extension, be equipped with gas inlet hole 4, gas inlet hole 4 is communicated with electricity core 2, and with the inside of exhaust plate 3 is communicated, wherein, first direction X and the height direction (for example Figure 1 Z direction in) of battery pack 1 is perpendicular;

[0036] Discharge port 5;

[0037] Exhaust duct 6, one end with the inside of exhaust plate 3 is communicated, and the other end with discharge port 5 is communicated;

[0038] The gas that escapes from electricity core 2 enters the inside of exhaust plate 3 through gas inlet hole 4, then passes through exhaust passage 6 and is discharged from discharge port 5.

[0039] Adopt the technical scheme, when certain electricity core 2 appears thermal runaway, the gas that this electricity core 2 escapes will enter the inside of exhaust plate 3 through gas inlet hole 4, namely in hollow structure, then along exhaust duct 6 and is discharged from discharge port 5 battery pack 1. Thus set up, when certain electricity core 2 appears thermal runaway, promptly the heat from battery pack 1 is discharged, to avoid heat accumulation in battery pack 1 to lead to the emergence of arc phenomenon, and then can reduce the risk of battery pack 1 fire, increase user such as passenger escape time.

[0040] Further, in the above embodiment, as Figures 1-2 Shown, the bottom of electricity core 2 is equipped with first explosion-proof valve (not shown in the drawing), and gas inlet hole 4 is communicated with first explosion-proof valve. Thus set up makes certain electricity core 2 appear thermal runaway, and the high-temperature gas generated can directly enter the inside of exhaust plate 3 through gas inlet hole 4, then along exhaust duct 6 and is discharged from discharge port, to further reduce the risk of thermal runaway and the risk of battery pack 1 fire, to further increase the escape time of user.

[0041] Further, in the above embodiment, as Figures 1-4As shown, the exhaust plate 3 includes a plate surface, and the plate surface is provided with an interface 7 corresponding to the exhaust port 5. One end of the exhaust duct 6 communicates with the inside of the exhaust plate 3 through the docking interface 7, and the exhaust port 5 is located at one end of the battery pack 1 along the first direction X. The corresponding interface 7 is located on the side of the plate surface along the first direction X closer to the exhaust port 5. Specifically, the first side of the plate surface (for example, the first plate surface 3.1) is spaced apart from the exhaust port 5 on the first side surface 15.1, and the corresponding interface 7 is arranged on the first side of the plate surface. The second side of the plate surface (for example, the first plate surface 3.1) is spaced apart from the exhaust port 5 on the second side surface 15.2. With this arrangement, the exhaust path can be shortened, and the heat can be quickly discharged from the battery pack 1, thereby further avoiding the occurrence of arc discharge in the battery pack 1 and reducing the risk of fire of the battery pack 1.

[0042] Specifically, when a certain battery cell 2 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas generated enters the inside of the exhaust plate 3 through the gas inlet hole 4, and then is discharged from the exhaust port along the exhaust duct 6. Since the two ends of the exhaust duct 6 are connected by the interfaces 7 and the exhaust ports 5, the exhaust path is short, and the high-temperature gas can be quickly discharged from the battery pack 1 along the short exhaust path, thereby further avoiding the occurrence of arc discharge in the battery pack 1 and reducing the risk of fire of the battery pack 1, and gaining more time for users to escape. Specifically, as shown in Figures 1-2 The exhaust duct 6 has a circular arc structure, which is simple in structure and can effectively reduce the risk of thermal runaway.

[0043] Further, in the above embodiments, as shown in Figures 2-4 The battery pack 1 has a base 8 with side surfaces 15 arranged opposite along the first direction X, and the exhaust port 5 is located on the side surface 8.1. With this arrangement, it is convenient for maintenance personnel to check the exhaust port 5 for necessary cleaning or maintenance work.

[0044] Further, in the above embodiments, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the two ends of the exhaust plate 3 along the first direction X have openings 9, and the exhaust plate 3 comprises a blocking block 10 for blocking the openings 9. In the prior art, the exhaust plate is mostly hollow structure and has openings at both ends, on the one hand, the weight of the exhaust plate can be significantly reduced, thereby improving the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle, on the other hand, when thermal runaway occurs, heat is discharged along the openings to the cavity (cavity), and then discharged along the exhaust port (the exhaust port and the cavity are communicated), thereby the high-temperature gas can be discharged from the battery pack. However, this structure has two disadvantages, first, when the battery cell has thermal runaway, part of the high-temperature gas generated may be dispersed in the battery pack along the opening, impacting the high-voltage electrical devices, wire harnesses and high-voltage insulation layers in the battery pack, thereby inducing heat diffusion, resulting in arc phenomenon. Second, after the battery cell has thermal runaway, the exhaust path is too long and is blocked by the internal components of the battery pack, so that the heat cannot be quickly discharged, increasing the risk of fire of the battery pack. Based on this, the exhaust plate 3 provided by the utility model further comprises a blocking block 10 for blocking the openings 9, so that the gas enters the inside of the exhaust plate 3 through the gas inlet hole 4, and then is discharged from the battery pack 1 along the exhaust pipe 6, and will not be dispersed in the battery pack 1 through the openings 9, thereby the arc phenomenon can be effectively avoided. Specifically, the exhaust plate 3 and the box frame of the battery pack 1 are connected by friction stir welding, thereby the sealing effect can be achieved, and the exhaust pipe 6 and the exhaust plate 3 are connected by brazing.

[0045] Further, in each of the above embodiments, as shown in Figures 1-4 The exhaust port 5 comprises a second explosion-proof valve 11, and the other end of the exhaust pipe 6 is communicated with the second explosion-proof valve 11. By this arrangement, in abnormal conditions, for example, due to overcharging or over-discharging, etc. leading to thermal runaway, the gas can effectively release pressure and heat through the second explosion-proof valve 11, thereby protecting the safety of the battery and the user. In addition, directly connecting the exhaust pipe 6 with the second explosion-proof valve 11 can reduce the exhaust path and improve the exhaust efficiency.

[0046] Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the battery pack 1 further comprises an insulating plate 12 located between the electric core 2 and the exhaust plate 3 along the height direction Z, the plate surface of the insulating plate 12 and the exhaust plate 3 are attached, the insulating plate 12 is provided with a through hole 13, and the through hole 13 is connected with the air inlet hole 4. Specifically, the exhaust plate 3 is an exhaust aluminum plate. The exhaust aluminum plate not only has high structural strength, but also has relatively light weight. However, if the electric core 2 is directly placed on the exhaust aluminum plate, there will be a risk of short circuit between the positive and negative electrode poles of the electric core 2 and the exhaust aluminum plate. Based on this, the utility model further provides an insulating plate 12 between the exhaust plate 3 and the electric core 2, and the plate surface of the insulating plate 12 and the exhaust plate 3 are attached, the insulating plate 12 is provided with a through hole 13, and the through hole 13 is connected with the air inlet hole 4, thereby avoiding the contact between the electric core 2 and the exhaust plate 3, and effectively avoiding the above risk. Specifically, the insulating plate 12 is an insulating plastic plate. The insulating plate 12 at the bottom of the electric core (for example, a cylindrical electric core) is designed as an insulating plastic structure, which can avoid the direct contact between the bottom of the electric core 2 and the exhaust aluminum plate. The insulating plastic plate can be fixed on the exhaust aluminum plate by adhesive.

[0047] Further, as shown in the drawings, Figure 1 As shown, along the height direction Z, the insulating plate 12 and the exhaust plate 3 are provided with mica paper 14, and the mica paper 14 is attached to one side of the insulating plate 12 relative to the exhaust plate 3. The mica paper (thermal protection material) is not provided with a through hole, and the mica paper 14 is attached to one side of the insulating plate 12 relative to the exhaust plate 3, while the insulating plate 12 is provided with a through hole 13. The arrangement is such that when a certain electric core 2 appears thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas impacts the mica paper 14 through the through hole 13 (the through hole 13 corresponding to the electric core 2) of the exhaust plate 3, so that the mica paper is broken or burned, and then the gas enters the exhaust plate 3, and finally is discharged from the exhaust outlet 5 through the exhaust duct 6. Since the mica paper 14 under the through hole 13 corresponding to the other electric cores 2 not appearing thermal runaway on the exhaust plate 3 is not burned, the high-temperature gas and heat ejected by the thermal runaway electric core 2 will not impact the other electric cores 2, thereby effectively avoiding the arc phenomenon. In particular, the thickness of the mica paper 14 is 0.5-1mm. Controlling the thickness within this range can not only facilitate the burning of the mica paper by the high-temperature gas to enter the inside of the exhaust plate 3 through the air inlet hole 4, and then be discharged from the exhaust outlet 5 through the exhaust passage 6, thereby effectively avoiding the arc phenomenon, but also prevent the heat from the thermal runaway electric core 2 from being transmitted to other electric cores 2 through the space below the hollow structure, thereby inducing the thermal runaway of other electric cores 2. The circular mica paper 14 can be attached below the insulating plate 12.

[0048] Further, in the above embodiments, the exhaust plate 3 comprises a first plate surface 3.1 (the interface 7 is located on the first plate surface 3.1) and a second plate surface 3.2, the first plate surface 3.1 and the second plate surface 3.2 are oppositely arranged along the height direction Z, the first plate surface 3.1 faces the battery cell 2, and the second plate surface 3.2 faces away from the battery cell 2, wherein the first plate surface 3.1 is provided with the gas inlet hole 4, and the second plate surface 3.2 is attached with the mica paper 14. Since the heat carried by the high-temperature gas may burn through the exhaust plate 3 after entering the exhaust pipe 6, attaching the mica paper 14 on the second plate surface 3.2 facing away from the battery cell 2 can effectively avoid the above problem. Specifically, the thickness of the mica paper is 1-2mm.

[0049] Further, as shown in the above embodiments, the exhaust plate 3 can act as a bottom guard plate, thereby saving costs. Wherein the structure of the exhaust plate 3 is connected with the battery pack 1 box body frame through friction stir welding, and the connection mode is simple to assemble and has good sealing effect. Figures 3-4

[0050] Further, in the above embodiments, the module composed of battery cells (for example, cylindrical battery cells) can be fixed on the beam system structure of the aluminum alloy battery pack box body by adhesion, thereby reducing the pressure applied by the battery cells to the exhaust plate 3 (bottom plate), and even making the exhaust plate 3 not under stress in the static state, thereby reducing the weight of the battery pack 1.

[0051] The utility model also provides a kind of automobile, it includes the battery pack in any of the above embodiments.

[0052] Using the above technical scheme, the safety performance of the automobile is high.

[0053] Although the utility model has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above content is further detailed description of the utility model in combination with specific embodiments, and the specific implementation of the utility model cannot be limited to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and detail, including making a number of simple inferences or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.​

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized by, The battery pack comprises: a battery cell; an exhaust plate, which is a hollow structure, extends along a first direction, and is provided with an air inlet hole, the air inlet hole being in communication with the battery cell and the interior of the exhaust plate, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the height direction of the battery pack; an exhaust outlet; an exhaust duct, one end of which is in communication with the interior of the exhaust plate, and the other end of which is in communication with the exhaust outlet; gas escaping from the battery cell enters the interior of the exhaust plate through the air inlet hole, and is then discharged from the exhaust outlet through the exhaust duct.

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the battery cell is provided with a first explosion-proof valve, and the air inlet hole is in communication with the first explosion-proof valve.

3. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The exhaust plate comprises a plate surface, and the plate surface is provided with an interface corresponding to the exhaust outlet, one end of the exhaust duct is in communication with the interior of the exhaust plate by abutting against the interface, and the exhaust outlet is located at one end of the battery pack along the first direction, and the corresponding interface is located on the side of the plate surface closer to the exhaust outlet along the first direction.

4. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The battery pack has a base, and the base has side surfaces oppositely arranged along the first direction, and the exhaust outlet is located on the side surface.

5. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, Both ends of the exhaust plate along the first direction have openings, and the exhaust plate comprises a blocking block for blocking the openings.

6. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The exhaust outlet comprises a second explosion-proof valve, and the other end of the exhaust duct is in communication with the second explosion-proof valve.

7. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The battery pack further comprises an insulating plate, which is located between the battery cell and the exhaust plate along the height direction, the insulating plate and the plate surface of the exhaust plate are attached, the insulating plate is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is in abutment with the air inlet hole.

8. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein, Along the height direction, mica paper is arranged between the insulating plate and the exhaust plate, and the mica paper is attached to one side of the insulating plate relative to the exhaust plate.

9. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The exhaust plate comprises a first plate surface and a second plate surface, the first plate surface and the second plate surface are oppositely arranged along the height direction, the first plate surface faces the battery cell, and the second plate surface faces away from the battery cell, wherein the first plate surface is provided with the air inlet hole, and the second plate surface is attached with mica paper.

10. An automobile characterized by comprising: The battery pack comprises the battery pack according to any one of claims 1-9.

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