Conductive substrate, electrochromic membrane, electrochromic device and terminal product

Abstract

The utility model provides a conductive substrate, an electrochromic diaphragm, an electrochromic device and a terminal product. The conductive substrate comprises a thin film substrate layer and at least one conductive layer group arranged on the thin film substrate layer, and each conductive layer group comprises an in-plane conductive region and an electrode conductive region connected with the edge of the in-plane conductive region. The electrode conductive area is used for being electrically connected with an external power supply, and the sheet resistance of the electrode conductive area is smaller than that of the in-plane conductive area. The conductive substrate adopts the electrode conductive area to replace copper foil in the prior art to serve as a bus bar, the production process is simple, and meanwhile the thickness of the electrode area is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrochromic technology, and in particular to a conductive substrate, an electrochromic film, an electrochromic device, and an end product. Background Technology

[0002] An electrochromic device is a device that can change color under the influence of voltage. The core of an electrochromic device is an electrochromic material. When a voltage is applied or removed, the electrochromic material changes its light absorption characteristics, thereby changing its color.

[0003] Existing electrochromic devices include a conductive substrate. Conductivity is typically achieved by placing lead-out electrodes at the edges of the conductive substrate and connecting these electrodes to an external power source. In practical applications, the color-changing speed of the electrochromic material depends on the electrode arrangement. To increase the color-changing speed, copper foil is often used as the lead-out electrodes, and a multi-electrode approach is employed, where electrodes are arranged around the perimeter of the conductive substrate. This increases the number of electrodes, thereby improving the color-changing speed of the electrochromic device.

[0004] However, the current method of using copper foil as the lead-out electrode on a conductive substrate is complex and inefficient. In addition, the large thickness of the copper foil itself results in a large overall thickness of the electrode area of ​​the electrochromic film after the copper foil is applied. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, one of the objectives of this utility model is to provide a conductive substrate, an electrochromic film, an electrochromic device and an end product, which can simplify the production process and have a smaller edge thickness.

[0006] The first aspect of this invention provides a conductive substrate, comprising a thin film substrate layer and at least one conductive layer group disposed on the thin film substrate layer. Each conductive layer group includes an in-plane conductive region and an electrode conductive region connected to the edge of the in-plane conductive region. The electrode conductive region is used for electrical connection with an external power source, and its sheet resistance is less than that of the in-plane conductive region.

[0007] As a further optional embodiment of the conductive substrate, the sheet resistance of the electrode conductive region is R1, the sheet resistance of the in-plane conductive region is R2, and 1 / 30≤R1 / R2≤1 / 2.

[0008] As a further alternative to the conductive substrate, the transmittance of the electrode conductive region is higher than 70%.

[0009] As a further alternative to the conductive substrate, the conductive layer assembly includes a first conductive grid located in the electrode conductive region and a conductive layer located in the in-plane conductive region, wherein the first conductive grid is electrically connected to the conductive layer.

[0010] As a further optional embodiment of the conductive substrate, the conductive layer group further includes a second conductive grid located in an in-plane conductive region, the second conductive grid being electrically connected to the first conductive grid and stacked with the conductive layer, wherein the sheet resistance of the first conductive grid is less than the sheet resistance of the second conductive grid, and the sheet resistance of the second conductive grid is less than the sheet resistance of the conductive layer.

[0011] As a further optional feature of the conductive substrate, the conductive substrate further includes at least one of the following features:

[0012] The linewidth of the first conductive mesh is W, where 5μm≤W≤20μm;

[0013] The thickness of the first conductive mesh is H, where 5μm≤H≤20μm;

[0014] The line spacing of the first conductive mesh is D1, where 5μm≤D1≤100μm;

[0015] The line spacing of the second conductive mesh is D2, where 150μm≤D2≤500μm.

[0016] As a further optional embodiment of the conductive substrate, the first conductive grid includes a plurality of first conductive lines and a plurality of second conductive lines, wherein the first conductive lines intersect with the second conductive lines, and at least one of the first conductive lines and the second conductive lines is curved; and / or

[0017] The second conductive grid includes a plurality of third conductive lines and a plurality of fourth conductive lines, wherein the third conductive lines intersect with the fourth conductive lines, and at least one of the third conductive lines and the fourth conductive lines is curved.

[0018] A second aspect of this utility model provides an electrochromic film, comprising a color-changing material layer and the aforementioned conductive substrate, wherein the conductive substrate and the color-changing material layer are stacked together.

[0019] The third aspect of this utility model provides an electrochromic device, including a substrate layer and the electrochromic film, wherein the substrate layer and the electrochromic film are stacked together.

[0020] The fourth aspect of this utility model provides a terminal product, including the above-mentioned electrochromic film or the above-mentioned electrochromic device, wherein the terminal product includes any one of a rearview mirror, a curtain wall, a car sunroof, a car side window, a car windshield, a housing of an electronic product, glasses, and a display panel of an electronic product.

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model have the following beneficial effects:

[0022] In the aforementioned conductive substrate, the conductive layer is divided into an electrode conductive region and an in-plane conductive region. The sheet resistance of the electrode conductive region is smaller than that of the in-plane conductive region. Therefore, the electrode conductive region can replace the copper foil in existing technologies as a busbar, connecting the external power supply and the in-plane conductive region. Typically, two regions with different resistance values ​​can be formed during the fabrication of the conductive substrate. When forming the electrochromic film, only a lead-out structure needs to be provided in the electrode conductive region for connection to the external power supply. Therefore, compared to existing technologies, the process of attaching copper foil is unnecessary. This reduces production steps, improves production efficiency, and results in a smaller thickness at the film's edge.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a conductive substrate provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 A planar schematic diagram of a conductive substrate provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 3-1 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a first conductive grid and a second conductive grid in a conductive substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3-2 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a first conductive grid and a second conductive grid in another conductive substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4This diagram illustrates the structure of a first conductive grid in a conductive substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 A planar schematic diagram of a conductive substrate provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 6 A planar schematic diagram of a conductive substrate provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 7 A planar schematic diagram of an electrochromic film provided in another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0033] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0034] 100 - Conductive substrate; 110 - Thin film substrate layer; 120 - Conductive layer group; 121 - In-plane conductive region; 122 - Electrode conductive region; 123 - First conductive grid; 1231 - First conductive line; 1232 - Second conductive line; 124 - Conductive layer; 125 - Second conductive grid; 200 - Color-changing material layer. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0036] It should be noted that when an element is said to be "fixed" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is said to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. Conversely, when an element is said to be "directly" on another element, there is no intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0037] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the template description is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0040] One embodiment of this application provides a conductive substrate 100, which can be referred to in conjunction with the following: Figure 1 and Figure 2 The conductive substrate 100 includes a thin film substrate layer 110 stacked sequentially and a conductive layer group 120 disposed on the thin film substrate layer 110. The conductive layer group 120 includes an in-plane conductive region 121 and an electrode conductive region 122 connected to the edge of the in-plane conductive region 121. The in-plane conductive region 121 is electrically connected to the electrode conductive region 122, and the electrode conductive region 122 is used for electrical connection with an external power source. The sheet resistance of the electrode conductive region 122 is less than the sheet resistance of the in-plane conductive region 121.

[0041] In this embodiment, the conductive layer group 120 can be formed by stacking metal mesh and conductive oxide, or it can be a single layer of metal mesh. In some embodiments, the electrode conductive region 122 and the in-plane conductive region 121 can be integrally formed using the same material, or they can be formed separately using different materials.

[0042] In the aforementioned conductive substrate 100, the sheet resistance of the electrode conductive region 122 is smaller than that of the in-plane conductive region 121. Therefore, the electrode conductive region 122 can replace the copper foil of the prior art as a busbar, connecting the external power supply and the in-plane conductive region 121. Only two regions with different sheet resistances need to be formed when forming the conductive substrate 100. When forming the electrochromic film, only a lead-out structure needs to be provided in the electrode conductive region 122 to connect to the external power supply. This eliminates the need to attach copper foil to the edge area of ​​the electrochromic film, reducing production steps and improving production efficiency.

[0043] For example, such as Figure 2As shown, the in-plane conductive region 121 is the central region of the conductive substrate 100, and the electrode conductive region 122 surrounds the periphery of the in-plane conductive region 121. The electrode conductive region 122 has a relatively low sheet resistance and the advantage of fast conduction. By arranging the electrode conductive region 122 around the in-plane conductive region 121, the electrode conductive region 122 can transmit current along the periphery to the in-plane conductive region 121, which has the advantages of rapid and uniform color change.

[0044] In some embodiments, the sheet resistance of the electrode conductive region 122 is R1, and the sheet resistance of the in-plane conductive region 121 is R2, satisfying 1 / 30≤R1 / R2≤1 / 2.

[0045] Understandably, the greater the difference between the sheet resistance of the electrode conductive region 122 and the sheet resistance of the in-plane conductive region 121, the better the effect of the first conductive grid 123 as an electrode conduction rate. By adjusting the ratio of the sheet resistance between the electrode conductive region 122 and the in-plane conductive region 121 to a suitable range, the rapid conduction of the electrode conductive region 122 can be accelerated, while ensuring that the color-changing speed of the entire electrochromic film is fast enough.

[0046] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the conductive layer group 120 includes a first conductive grid 123 located in the electrode conductive region 122 and a conductive layer 124 located in the in-plane conductive region 121. The first conductive grid 123 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 124.

[0047] The first conductive grid 123 replaces the copper foil as the electrode, achieving a continuous electrode arrangement and further improving the color-changing speed. Compared to using copper foil as a multi-electrode structure, it significantly improves the electrochromic speed. Furthermore, by using the first conductive grid 123 as the electrode conductive area, the line spacing of the first conductive grid 123 can generally be adjusted as needed, making the first conductive grid 123 an invisible electrode. This reduces the electrode conductive area that needs to be shielded, increasing the visible area of ​​the entire conductive substrate.

[0048] In some embodiments, the thin film substrate 110 is a flexible non-conductive substrate, which is made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PC (polycarbonate), or PI (polyimide).

[0049] The first conductive grid 123 is made of metal materials with good conductivity, such as silver, copper, and nickel, or of polymer materials such as conductive polymers.

[0050] The conductive layer 124 can be configured as a metal conductive mesh. When the conductive layer 124 is a transparent conductive layer, it can also be configured as a conductive metal oxide, such as ITO (Indium tin oxide) or AZO (Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide), with a thickness of 0.1μm-0.3μm.

[0051] In fabricating the first conductive grid 123, a resin-based filler material with a thickness of 5-100 μm is first coated on the surface of the thin film substrate layer 110. Then, grooves are created on the resin surface using a mold, and conductive paste is printed. The conductive paste is then cured to form the first conductive grid 123. It can be understood that the first conductive grid 123 has multiple conductive lines formed by multiple cured conductive pastes arranged in a specific grid pattern. Based on this, an ITO thin film or an AZO thin film is deposited or coated on the surface of the first conductive grid 123 to form a conductive layer 124, thus forming the conductive substrate 100.

[0052] Specifically, the sheet resistance of the first conductive grid 123 can be adjusted by changing its line width, thickness, and line spacing. Increasing the line width, increasing the thickness, and decreasing the line spacing can all reduce the sheet resistance of the first conductive grid 123.

[0053] The linewidth of the first conductive mesh 123 refers to the dimension of the conductive lines constituting the first conductive mesh 123 along its length direction within the plane of the conductive substrate 100. This dimension depends on the groove width when grooves are formed on the resin surface. The thickness of the first conductive mesh 123 refers to the dimension of the first conductive mesh 123 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the conductive substrate 100, which depends on the groove depth when grooves are formed on the resin surface. The line spacing of the first conductive mesh 123 refers to the distance between two adjacent conductive lines.

[0054] For example, 0.1Ω / rsq≤R1≤1.5Ω / rsq, 4Ω / rsq≤R2≤400Ω / rsq.

[0055] Optionally, the sheet resistance of the electrode conductive region 122 can be any value between 0.1Ω / rsq, 0.5Ω / rsq, 1Ω / rsq, 1.5Ω / rsq, or 0.1Ω / rsq to 1.5Ω / rsq.

[0056] Optionally, the sheet resistance of the in-plane conductive region 121 can be 4Ω / rsq, 50Ω / rsq, 100Ω / rsq, 150Ω / rsq, 200Ω / rsq, 250Ω / rsq, 300Ω / rsq, 350Ω / rsq, 400Ω / rsq, or any value between 4Ω / rsq and 400Ω / rsq.

[0057] In some alternative embodiments, the electrode conductive region 122 is a non-visible region, meaning that the conductive substrate in this region cannot transmit a large amount of light and is therefore opaque or translucent. In other words, the first conductive mesh 123 located in the electrode conductive region 122 is visible and does not affect the appearance of the device. In this embodiment, the transmittance of the electrode conductive region is less than 60%.

[0058] In some optional embodiments, the transmittance of the electrode conductive region 122 is higher than 70%. Here, transmittance refers to the amount of light that can pass through the conductive substrate after passing through one side of the electrode region. It is worth noting that the transmittance of the entire electrode conductive region 122 can be greater than 70%, or the average transmittance of the entire region can be greater than 70%. The electrode conductive region 122 can also be set as a visible region, meaning that the first conductive grid 123 of the electrode conductive region 122 is not visible and therefore allows light to pass through. Generally, when the transmittance of the electrode conductive region is higher than 70%, when the conductive substrate is applied to an electrochromic device, there is no need to set a shielding layer to block the electrode conductive region, thus increasing the proportion of the entire visible area of ​​the conductive substrate.

[0059] In some preferred embodiments, the line spacing of the first conductive mesh 123 is D1, where 150μm ≤ D1 ≤ 500μm. The inventors have found that the first conductive mesh corresponding to this line spacing is invisible. In some preferred embodiments, the first conductive mesh 123 has a line width of 10μm, a groove depth of 10μm, and a line spacing of 250μm. In this case, the transmittance of the conductive area is greater than 80%, and the haze is 2.7.

[0060] Please combine Figure 3-1 Furthermore, in one embodiment, the conductive layer group 120 further includes a second conductive mesh 125 disposed in the in-plane conductive region 121, the second conductive mesh 125 being electrically connected to the first conductive mesh 123. The second conductive mesh 125 and the first conductive mesh 123 are arranged along the plane of the conductive substrate, and the first conductive mesh 123 is disposed outside the second conductive mesh 125.

[0061] In some preferred embodiments, the in-plane conductive region 121 is a visible area, so it is required that the second conductive grid 125 corresponding to the in-plane conductive region 121 is not visible to the human eye.

[0062] Generally, with the same material, the first conductive grid 123 has a wider linewidth, a thicker thickness, or a narrower line spacing, resulting in a lower sheet resistance in its region. In this case, the first conductive grid 123 is visible, while the electrode conductive region 122 has low transmittance and high haze. Accordingly, when fabricating a device using the aforementioned conductive substrate 100, the electrode conductive region 122 must be placed in a location that is not visible to the device to avoid affecting its appearance.

[0063] In contrast, with the same material, if the line width of the second conductive grid 125 is narrower than that of the first conductive grid, or the thickness of the second conductive grid 125 is smaller than that of the first conductive grid 123, or the line spacing of the second conductive grid 125 is larger than that of the first conductive grid 123, then the sheet resistance of the second conductive grid 125 is relatively larger than that of the first conductive grid 123. In this case, the second conductive grid 125 is invisible, and the in-plane conductive region 121 has high transmittance and low haze. Accordingly, when fabricating a device using the aforementioned conductive substrate 100, the in-plane conductive region 121 can be placed in a visible area of ​​the device, increasing the color-changing speed of the electrochromic device without affecting its visible area.

[0064] The second conductive mesh 125 is manufactured in the same way as the first conductive mesh 123, and will not be described in detail here.

[0065] Furthermore, for the entire conductive substrate 100, the conductive structure of its in-plane conductive region 121 can be formed by stacking and paralleling the second conductive mesh 125 and the conductive layer 124. By setting the second conductive mesh 125, the sheet resistance of the conductive substrate 100 in the in-plane conductive region 121 can be reduced, so that the color change speed of the entire electrochromic film is faster.

[0066] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the sheet resistance of the first conductive mesh 123 is less than the sheet resistance of the second conductive mesh 125, and the sheet resistance of the second conductive mesh 125 is less than the sheet resistance of the conductive layer 124.

[0067] In some embodiments, the line width of the first conductive mesh 123 is W, satisfying 5μm≤W≤20μm.

[0068] Optionally, the linewidth of the first conductive grid 123 can be 5μm, 10μm, 15μm, 20μm, or any value between 5μm and 20μm.

[0069] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first conductive mesh 123 is H (see reference). Figure 1 ), satisfying 5μm≤H≤20μm.

[0070] In addition, the thickness of the first conductive mesh 123 is not greater than the thickness of the resin.

[0071] Optionally, the thickness of the first conductive mesh 123 can be 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, or any value between 5 μm and 20 μm.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3-1 As shown, the line spacing of the first conductive grid 123 is D1, which satisfies 5μm≤D1≤100μm.

[0073] Optionally, the line spacing of the first conductive grid 123 can be 5μm, 20μm, 40μm, 60μm, 80μm, 100μm or any value between 5μm and 100μm.

[0074] In some embodiments, the line spacing of the second conductive mesh 125 is D2, which satisfies 150μm≤D2≤500μm.

[0075] Optionally, the line spacing of the second conductive grid 125 can be any value between 150μm, 200μm, 250μm, 300μm, 350μm, 400μm, 450μm, 500μm or 150μm to 500μm.

[0076] For example, the first conductive mesh 123 has a linewidth of 20 μm, a thickness of 20 μm, and a line spacing of 5 μm. At this time, this part of the first conductive mesh 123 is clearly visible, with almost zero transmittance and line resistance almost equivalent to that of a copper foil of the same width.

[0077] For example, the second conductive mesh 125 has a linewidth of 7 μm, a line thickness of 7 μm, and a line spacing of 360 μm. In this case, the transmittance of the second conductive mesh 125 is 85%, and the haze value is 1.5, making it not clearly visible. Understandably, designing suitable linewidth, thickness, and line spacing for the second conductive mesh 125 can adjust to appropriate resistance, haze, visibility, etc.

[0078] In other embodiments, such as Figure 3-2As shown, the conductive layer group 120 also includes a second conductive mesh 125 correspondingly disposed in the electrode conductive region 122, and the second conductive mesh 125 is electrically connected to the first conductive mesh 123. Optionally, the first conductive mesh 123 can be made visible, while the second conductive mesh 125 is not visible. The in-plane conductive region 121 is an oxide conductive layer 124, such as ITO. Generally speaking, the transmittance of the conductive mesh is proportional to the sheet resistance; the smaller the sheet resistance, the smaller the transmittance, and correspondingly, the larger the sheet resistance, the larger the transmittance. Electrochromic devices are generally mounted using a mounting frame. In some application scenarios of electrochromic devices, such as eyeglasses and car side windows, the mounting frame will block part of the electrochromic device. In this case, the transmittance requirement for the blocked area is not so high. Therefore, the first conductive mesh 123 can be made visible for the blocked part, that is, the sheet resistance of the area where the first conductive mesh is located is set to be small, which speeds up the color change of the electrochromic device. While other areas remain unobstructed, a faster color-changing speed is still required. Therefore, some conductive areas 122 can be made into invisible electrodes, such as an invisible second conductive mesh 125. Furthermore, since conductive meshes typically require resin as a substrate to embed metal wires, if the entire surface is covered with a conductive mesh, it would affect the adhesion between the entire conductive layer assembly and the thin film substrate 110. Therefore, the conductive layer of the in-plane conductive area 121 is made into a metal oxide conductive layer, such as ITO. This accelerates the conductivity of the conductive substrate while maintaining the overall structural performance of the conductive substrate.

[0079] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 The diagram only shows the pattern of the first conductive grid. In practical applications, the length and number of conductive lines can be increased as needed. Further, the first conductive grid 123 includes multiple first conductive lines 1231 and multiple second conductive lines 1232. The first conductive lines 1231 and second conductive lines 1232 intersect, forming nodes. Because the multiple first conductive lines 1231 and the multiple second conductive lines 1232 are arranged in parallel, the first conductive grid 123 can form multiple nodes. Further, at least one of the first conductive lines 1231 and the second conductive lines 1232 is curved. Preferably, both the first conductive lines 1231 and the second conductive lines 1232 are curved.

[0080] In this embodiment, the conductive lines constituting the first conductive grid 123 are designed with curves, which can effectively eliminate interference patterns between spaced objects. The first conductive line 1231 and the second conductive line 1232 can also be wavy.

[0081] Similarly, the second conductive grid 125 includes multiple third conductive lines and multiple fourth conductive lines. The multiple third conductive lines are arranged in parallel, the multiple fourth conductive lines are arranged in parallel, the third conductive lines and the fourth conductive lines intersect, and both the third conductive lines and the fourth conductive lines are set as curves.

[0082] The conductive lines that make up the second conductive grid 125 are designed with curves, which can also effectively eliminate interference patterns and have less impact on the appearance of the device.

[0083] In addition, the irregular pattern design of the conductive lines can also help eliminate interference and stabilize the circuit.

[0084] In summary, in the aforementioned conductive substrate 100, the conductive layer group 120 is divided into an electrode conductive region 122 and an in-plane conductive region 121. The sheet resistance of the electrode conductive region 122 is smaller than that of the in-plane conductive region 121. Therefore, the electrode conductive region 122 can replace the copper foil of the prior art as a busbar to connect the external power supply and the in-plane conductive region 121. Correspondingly, compared with the prior art, only two regions with different sheet resistances need to be formed when forming the conductive substrate 100. When forming the electrochromic film, only a lead-out structure needs to be provided in the electrode conductive region 122 to connect to the external power supply; the process of attaching copper foil is not required. This reduces production steps, improves production efficiency, and also addresses the problem of large electrode thickness.

[0085] Please refer to the following: Figure 5 and Figure 6 Furthermore, the conductive substrate can be divided into multiple regions, and each region's conductive substrate 100 includes an in-plane conductive region 121 and an electrode conductive region 122. Each electrode conductive region 122 is connected to the edge of the corresponding in-plane conductive region 121. The electrode conductive region 122 and the in-plane conductive region 121 can be specifically implemented using a conductive mesh or conductive layer from any of the foregoing embodiments. Figure 6 and Figure 5 The dashed lines in the middle represent the boundaries between different regions.

[0086] During fabrication, a conductive layer 124 is first formed on the entire thin film substrate by plating or deposition. Then, the conductive layer 124 is divided into multiple parts by etching or other methods, so that each area of ​​the electrochromic film can independently change color when energized. Furthermore, the in-plane conductive area 121 of each area is electrically connected to an external power source through the electrode conductive area 122.

[0087] Please see Figure 7 This application also provides an electrochromic film, including a color-changing material layer 200 and the aforementioned conductive substrate 100, wherein the conductive substrate 100 and the color-changing material layer 200 are stacked together.

[0088] Specifically, two conductive substrates 100 are provided, respectively disposed on both sides of the color-changing material layer 200 along the thickness direction. One conductive substrate 100 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the other conductive substrate 100 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. When energized, the voltage across the color-changing material layer 200 changes, thereby causing the color-changing material layer 200 to change color.

[0089] This application also provides an electrochromic device, including a substrate layer and the electrochromic film, wherein the substrate layer and the electrochromic film are stacked together.

[0090] Specifically, two substrate layers are provided, which are respectively located on both sides of the electrochromic film along the thickness direction, serving to support the electrochromic film and the electrochromic film.

[0091] Optionally, the substrate layer may be made of a transparent material such as glass or PC.

[0092] Optionally, a masking layer is also provided on the substrate layer, which is positioned corresponding to the first conductive grid 123, that is, corresponding to the electrode conductive area 122. Understandably, the masking layer blocks the visible first conductive grid 123, forming a non-visible area.

[0093] This application embodiment also provides a terminal product, including the aforementioned electrochromic film or the aforementioned electrochromic device. The terminal product includes any one of a rearview mirror, curtain wall, car sunroof, car side window, car windshield, electronic product casing, eyeglasses, and electronic product display panel. Because the terminal product in this embodiment uses the aforementioned electrochromic film, it possesses all the advantages of the aforementioned film.

[0094] In all examples shown and described herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations; therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0095] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0096] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A conductive substrate, characterized in that, The device includes a thin film substrate (110) and at least one conductive layer group (120) disposed on the thin film substrate (110). Each conductive layer group (120) includes an in-plane conductive region (121) and an electrode conductive region (122) connected to the edge of the in-plane conductive region (121). The electrode conductive region (122) is used for electrical connection with an external power source. The sheet resistance of the electrode conductive region (122) is less than the sheet resistance of the in-plane conductive region (121).

2. The conductive substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sheet resistance of the electrode conductive region (122) is R1, and the sheet resistance of the in-plane conductive region (121) is R2. R1 and R2 satisfy: 1 / 30≤R1 / R2≤1 / 2.

3. The conductive substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmittance of the electrode conductive region (122) is higher than 70%.

4. The conductive substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive layer group (120) includes a first conductive grid (123) located in the electrode conductive region (122) and a conductive layer (124) located in the in-plane conductive region (121), wherein the first conductive grid (123) is electrically connected to the conductive layer (124).

5. The conductive substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conductive layer group (120) further includes a second conductive grid (125) located in the in-plane conductive region (121). The second conductive grid (125) is electrically connected to the first conductive grid (123) and is stacked with the conductive layer (124). The sheet resistance of the first conductive grid (123) is less than the sheet resistance of the second conductive grid (125), and the sheet resistance of the second conductive grid (125) is less than the sheet resistance of the conductive layer (124).

6. The conductive substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The conductive substrate also has at least one of the following characteristics: The line width of the first conductive mesh (123) is W, where 5μm≤W≤20μm; The thickness of the first conductive mesh (123) is H, where 5μm≤H≤20μm; The line spacing of the first conductive mesh (123) is D1, 5μm≤D1≤100μm; The line spacing of the second conductive mesh (125) is D2, 150μm≤D2≤500μm.

7. The conductive substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first conductive grid (123) includes a plurality of first conductive lines (1231) and a plurality of second conductive lines (1232), wherein the first conductive lines (1231) intersect with the second conductive lines (1232), and at least one of the first conductive lines (1231) and the second conductive lines (1232) is curved; and / or The second conductive grid (125) includes a plurality of third conductive lines and a plurality of fourth conductive lines, wherein the third conductive lines intersect with the fourth conductive lines, and at least one of the third conductive lines and the fourth conductive lines is curved.

8. An electrochromic film, characterized in that, It includes a color-changing material layer (200) and a conductive substrate (100) according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the conductive substrate (100) and the color-changing material layer (200) are stacked together.

9. An electrochromic device, characterized in that, It includes a substrate layer and the electrochromic film as described in claim 8, wherein the substrate layer and the electrochromic film are stacked together.

10. A terminal product, characterized in that, Includes the electrochromic film of claim 8 or the electrochromic device of claim 9, wherein the end product includes any one of a rearview mirror, curtain wall, car sunroof, car side window, car windshield, electronic product housing, glasses, and electronic product display panel.

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