Simulation neck assembly and humanoid device for crash test

Abstract

The utility model provides a simulation neck assembly, which is used in the technical field of vehicle collision tests, and specifically relates to a simulation neck assembly, the simulation neck assembly comprises a neck bending mechanism and a neck torsion mechanism above the neck bending mechanism, the neck torsion mechanism comprises a rotation structure, a damping structure and a stop structure, and the rotation structure is connected with a head and the neck bending mechanism; a notch is formed in the front side of a cone of the neck bending mechanism, and a buffering filling layer is arranged in the notch. A notch is formed in the rear side of the cone. According to the simulated neck assembly, the notch is formed in the rear side of the cone of the neck bending mechanism, the notch is formed in the front side of the cone, the buffer filling layer is arranged in the notch, and the rotating structure, the damping structure and the locking structure are arranged in the neck twisting mechanism, so that the simulated neck assembly has the mechanical characteristics of the neck of a real person. The utility model further provides anthropomorphic equipment for the vehicle crash test. The anthropomorphic equipment comprises a head, a trunk and the simulated neck assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle crash test technology, specifically to a simulated neck assembly and an anthropomorphic device for crash testing. Background Technology

[0002] Crash dummies are crucial equipment for conducting car crash tests. A dummy is an anthropomorphic device that simulates a real person, possessing a structure similar to a human and equipped with sensors at key locations to collect physical quantities such as acceleration, force, and displacement. Current regulations use existing crash dummies for testing, collecting data from the dummy's sensors to assess the damage suffered by the dummy, thereby characterizing the injuries sustained by a real human.

[0003] Statistical analysis of the measurement data on the forward tilt of the automatic braking system involving volunteers reveals significant differences between the existing dummy neck and the actual human neck: First, the neck design is too rigid. When the human body tilts forward during braking, the dummy neck cannot produce the same amount of forward flexion as the real human neck, thus the dummy cannot reproduce the actual injury situation; Second, if the person is not looking forward but to the side when the collision occurs, the degree of twisting of the human neck will increase, but the dummy neck cannot perform the function of left and right twisting, and cannot realistically simulate the posture of the human body at that time and the injury situation. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a simulated neck component and an anthropomorphic device for crash testing. By setting a cut on the rear side of the vertebral body and a notch on the front side of the vertebral body in the neck bending mechanism and arranging a buffer filling layer in the notch, and setting a rotating structure, a damping structure and a stop structure in the neck torsion mechanism, the simulated neck component can also have the mechanical characteristics of a real human neck.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A simulated neck assembly, comprising:

[0007] A neck bending mechanism comprising multiple vertebrae stacked and connected along their own axial direction;

[0008] A neck torsion mechanism is disposed above the neck bending mechanism; the neck torsion mechanism includes a rotation structure, a damping structure, and a stop structure; the rotation structure is connected to the head of the anthropomorphic device and the neck bending mechanism respectively and enables the head to rotate relative to the neck bending mechanism; the damping structure can increase the rotational resistance of the rotation structure, and the stop structure can limit the rotational angle range of the rotation structure;

[0009] A notch is provided on the anterior side of the vertebral body, and a buffer filling layer is provided inside the notch; an incision is provided on the posterior side of the vertebral body.

[0010] This solution provides a simulated neck component that can mimic the flexion and torsion of a real human neck during vehicle braking. By using this simulated neck component, the motion and injury output of a dummy in a crash test under AEB (Autonomous Emergency Braking) can be realized, thus more accurately reproducing dummy injuries. To ensure that the flexion of the simulated neck component is consistent with that of the real human body, a posterior incision is designed for the vertebral body, while a notch is used on the anterior side of the vertebral body instead of the incision in existing technologies, thereby increasing the flexion at the front. To enable the simulated neck component to possess the mechanical properties of a real human neck, a buffer layer is placed in the middle of the notch.

[0011] A notch, approximately semi-circular or fan-shaped, is provided on the anterior side of the vertebral body, and a cushioning layer, such as plastic silicone, is placed inside the notch. An incision is provided on the posterior side of the vertebral body. Compared to the incision, this notch has a certain thickness, that is, it has a certain thickness in the axial direction of the vertebral body, so it can produce a greater amount of deformation and increase the forward bending range of the simulated neck component.

[0012] Optionally, the projected area of ​​the notch on the vertebral body along the vertebral body axis increases sequentially from top to bottom; the projected area of ​​the incision on the vertebral body along the vertebral body axis increases sequentially from top to bottom.

[0013] The gradually increasing notches and cuts from top to bottom effectively reduce the material's load-bearing area. This makes the lower part of the vertebra relatively less stiff than the upper part, making it more prone to deformation under the same bending moment, thus better simulating the state of a real human neck.

[0014] Optionally, the incision includes a communicating cutting slit and a penetrating hole, the cutting slit being disposed in the circumferential direction of the vertebral body, the penetrating hole penetrating the vertebral body, and the penetrating hole extending along the left-right direction of the vertebral body.

[0015] The cut seam defines the main deformation area and bending direction. When the neck is subjected to forces in the forward and backward directions, this weak point will bend preferentially, thus ensuring that the simulated neck component can simulate flexion and extension movements in a predictable and repeatable manner. The presence of the through hole changes the material's response under pressure. When the neck bends, the hole wall will be squeezed and rubbed. This process can dissipate a large amount of collision energy, simulating the energy absorption characteristics of soft tissues such as muscles and ligaments in real human tissues.

[0016] Optionally, the projected area of ​​the cutting slit on the vertebral body along the vertebral body axis increases sequentially from top to bottom.

[0017] The progressively larger cutting slits can increase the amount of deformation, while the diameter of the through hole does not need to gradually increase from top to bottom. Instead, it can be kept at a consistent size on each vertebra. This makes processing easier. During processing, the position of the through hole can be set closer to the central axis of the vertebra and connected to the progressively larger cutting slits.

[0018] Optionally, the rotating structure includes a neck torsion damping rotating shaft, a top cover, and a lower end cover. The neck torsion damping rotating shaft includes an upper rotating part and a lower rotating part that can rotate relative to each other. The top cover is fixed on the upper rotating part and connected to the lower end of the head. The lower end cover is fixed on the lower rotating part and connected to the upper end of the neck bending mechanism.

[0019] This design ensures that the overall structure remains stable under the severe loads of a crash test.

[0020] Optionally, the stop structure includes a push block disposed on the top cover and a stop block disposed on the lower end cover. The stop block includes a first stop block and a second stop block, which are disposed opposite to each other on one side and the other side of the circumferential axis of the neck torsional damping rotation. The first stop block includes a first thrust surface and a second thrust surface, and the second stop block includes a third thrust surface and a fourth thrust surface. The push block includes a first push block and a second push block, with the first push block disposed between the first thrust surface and the fourth thrust surface, and the second push block disposed between the second thrust surface and the third thrust surface.

[0021] Through the coordinated action of the two thrust surfaces on the first and second stop blocks, the mechanical hard limit of the neck's left and right rotation is precisely set to prevent over-rotation; the cooperation between the push block and the two side stop blocks ensures that the neck is equally and effectively restricted when rotating clockwise and counterclockwise, providing symmetrical protection; the two contact points work together to form a stable torque, effectively resisting the torsional torque, making the stopping process very smooth and reliable, avoiding the risk of structural damage due to single-point force.

[0022] Optionally, the angle between the first thrust surface and the fourth thrust surface is the first included angle, and the angle between the second thrust surface and the third thrust surface is the second included angle. The first included angle and the second included angle are equal and both are obtuse angles. The angle range of the first included angle and the second included angle is 140°-160°.

[0023] The angles of the first and second included angles range from 140° to 160°, which can effectively simulate the range of rotation of a real person's neck.

[0024] Optionally, the damping structure includes buffer blocks respectively disposed on the first thrust surface, the second thrust surface, the third thrust surface and the fourth thrust surface. The buffer block includes a rubber layer and a silicone layer. When the top cover rotates relative to the lower end cover, the push block can abut against the silicone layer and compress the silicone layer and the rubber layer in sequence.

[0025] The first, second, third, and fourth thrust surfaces, which come into contact with the push block, can be fitted with cushioning materials, such as rubber and silicone layers, to convert some of the impact kinetic energy into deformation energy, making the "stop" action gentler and closer to the response of biological tissue.

[0026] Optionally, the damping structure includes a damping force adjusting bolt disposed between the upper rotating part and the lower rotating part of the neck torsional damping rotating shaft.

[0027] The function of the neck torsion damping rotating shaft is to provide damping force for head torsion. The principle is to increase the friction between two rigid iron blocks by pressing them together, thereby increasing the damping force. Therefore, the magnitude of the damping force can be adjusted by the screw on the top of the neck torsion damping rotating shaft.

[0028] This application also provides an anthropomorphic device for crash testing, including the head, torso, and simulated neck assembly, wherein the head is disposed above the simulated neck assembly and the torso is disposed below the simulated neck assembly.

[0029] The anthropomorphic device for crash testing proposed in this application can better simulate the multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic response of a human neck during a crash, especially accurately reproducing the complex kinematic behavior of the neck in rear-end collisions (whiplash injuries) and side collisions, thereby more accurately collecting data on neck force, torque and deformation. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the simulated neck assembly of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the neck bending mechanism of this application.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the neck torsion mechanism of this application.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation axis for torsional damping of the neck.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the push block, stop block, rubber layer, and silicone layer in this application.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the anthropomorphic device for crash testing according to this application.

[0037] exist Figures 1-6 middle:

[0038] 1. Neck bending mechanism; 11. Vertebra; 111. Notch; 112. Plastic silicone; 113. Cut; 1131. Cutting seam; 1132. Through hole; 2. Neck torsion mechanism; 21. Neck torsion damping rotating shaft; 211. Damping force adjusting bolt; 22. Top cover; 221. First push block; 222. Second push block; 23. Lower end cover; 231. First stop block; 232. Second stop block; 24. Rubber layer; 25. Silicone layer; 3. Simulated neck component; 4. Head; 5. Torso. Detailed Implementation

[0039] This application provides a simulated neck component and an anthropomorphic device for crash testing. By setting a cut on the rear side of the vertebral body and a notch on the front side of the vertebral body in the neck bending mechanism and arranging a buffer filling layer in the notch, and setting a rotating structure, a damping structure and a stop structure in the neck torsion mechanism, the simulated neck component can also have the mechanical characteristics of a real human neck.

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] According to ergonomic statistics, the cervical spine is divided into 7 vertebrae (C1 to C7), and each thoracic vertebra has the ability to generate relative movement independently.

[0042] Regarding the overall flexion range of the cervical spine, the total range of motion is approximately 45°-50° (from neutral position to maximum head-down posture). This mainly relies on the lower cervical vertebrae (C3-C7), especially C5-C6 and C6-C7. The upper cervical vertebrae (C0-C2) hardly participate in flexion, mainly responsible for rotation (C1-C2) and the initiation of head nodding (C0-C1). C5-C6 and C6-C7 account for approximately 40%–50% of the total flexion angle. However, in existing technologies, incisions are only made at the anterior end of the vertebral bodies in the dummy's neck, without corresponding incisions at the posterior end. This results in insufficient forward flexion and very poor forward bending ability, as well as limited backward bending, which differs significantly from the bending state of a real human neck. In addition, the necks of existing dummy vertebrae cannot achieve left and right twisting functions, and cannot realistically simulate the posture and injury conditions of a human body at the time.

[0043] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the simulated neck assembly 3 provided in this application includes:

[0044] The neck bending mechanism 1 includes a plurality of vertebrae 11, which are stacked and connected along their own axial direction.

[0045] A neck torsion mechanism 2 is positioned above the neck bending mechanism 1, with its lower end connected to the uppermost vertebral body 11 of the neck bending mechanism 1. Specifically, the neck torsion mechanism 2 includes a rotation structure, a damping structure, and a stop structure. The rotation structure is connected to the head 4 of the anthropomorphic device and the uppermost vertebral body 11 of the neck bending mechanism 1, respectively, and enables the head 4 to rotate relative to the neck bending mechanism 1. The rotation axis of the rotation structure is consistent with the axial direction of the simulated neck component 3. The damping structure increases the rotational resistance of the rotation structure, simulating the state of the real head 4 when it twists. The stop structure limits the rotational angle range of the rotation structure, simulating the state of the real head 4 when it twists with a limited angle.

[0046] The anterior side of the vertebral body 11 corresponds to the face, and the posterior side corresponds to the back. A notch 111 is provided on the anterior side of the vertebral body 11. The notch 111 is approximately sheet-like, semi-circular, or fan-shaped, and a buffer layer, such as a malleable silicone 112, is provided within the notch 111. A cut 113 is provided on the posterior side of the vertebral body 11. Compared to the cut 113, the notch 111 has a certain thickness, meaning it has a certain thickness along the axial direction of the vertebral body 11, thus enabling greater deformation and increasing the forward bending amplitude of the simulated neck component 3.

[0047] This solution provides a simulated neck component 3 that can simulate the flexion and torsion of a real human neck during vehicle braking. By using the simulated neck component 3 of this solution, the motion and injury output of the dummy in a collision test under AEB can be realized, thereby more accurately reproducing dummy injuries. In order to make the flexion of the simulated neck component 3 consistent with that of the real human body, a rear cut 113 is specially designed for the vertebral body 11, while a notch 111 is used on the front side of the vertebral body 11 instead of the cut 113 in the prior art, thereby increasing the bending amount at the front. In order to enable the simulated neck component 3 to also have the mechanical characteristics of a real human neck, a buffer filling layer is arranged in the middle of the notch 111.

[0048] Preferably, a malleable silicone rubber is used as the cushioning layer. This malleable silicone rubber has the characteristic of maintaining high stiffness under high-speed impact and low stiffness under low-speed compression. Adding this malleable silicone rubber can simulate the slow movement of the human body when a vehicle brakes, including a slow head-down speed. At this time, the malleable silicone rubber has low stiffness, and the cushioning layer can be fully compressed, thereby ensuring an increased amount of neck flexion. However, when the dummy is impacted, the human body moves at a high speed, and the head-down speed is also fast. At this time, the cushioning layer has high stiffness, thus better simulating the original mechanical characteristics of a real human neck.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the projected area of ​​the notch 111 on the vertebral body 11 along the vertebral body 11 axis increases from top to bottom; the projected area of ​​the incision 113 on the vertebral body 11 along the vertebral body 11 axis increases from top to bottom.

[0050] Specifically, to ensure that the bending of the lower vertebral body 11 is greater than that of the upper vertebral body 11, the projected area of ​​the notch 111 on the front side of the vertebral body 11 gradually increases along the axial direction of the vertebral body 11 from top to bottom. Similarly, the projected area of ​​the incision 113 on the rear side of the vertebral body 11 also gradually increases along the axial direction of the vertebral body 11. The gradually increasing notch 111 and incision 113 from top to bottom are equivalent to gradually weakening the effective load-bearing area of ​​the material from top to bottom in terms of structure. This makes the stiffness of the lower vertebral body 11 relatively smaller than that of the upper part, and the lower part is more likely to deform under the same bending moment, thus better simulating the state of a real person's neck.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figures 1-2As shown, the incision 113 includes a cutting slit 1131 and a penetrating hole 1132 that are interconnected. The cutting slit 1131 is located in the circumferential direction of the vertebral body 11, and the penetrating hole 1132 penetrates the vertebral body 11. Furthermore, the penetrating hole 1132 extends along the left-right direction of the vertebral body 11, which corresponds to the left-right direction of the human neck. This is also equivalent to the direction in which the penetrating hole 1132 extends being approximately perpendicular to the line connecting the front and back sides of the vertebral body 11; it is also equivalent to the direction in which the penetrating hole 1132 extends being perpendicular to the radial direction of the vertebral body 11 and perpendicular to the axial direction of the vertebral body 11.

[0052] The relative positions of the cutting slit 1131 and the through hole 1132 can be described as follows: the cutting slit 1131 forms an arc on the outer periphery of the cone 11, while the through hole 1132 is the chord connecting the two ends of the arc.

[0053] The circumferential cutting slit 1131 of the vertebral body 11 serves to define the primary deformation area and bending direction. When the neck is subjected to anterior-posterior forces, this weak point will preferentially bend, ensuring that the simulated neck component 3 can simulate flexion and extension movements in a predictable and repeatable manner. The penetrating hole 1132 penetrating the vertebral body 11 reinforces the cutting slit 1131, further reducing the bending stiffness of the structure in local areas, making bending more likely to occur at preset locations. More importantly, the presence of the penetrating hole 1132 alters the material's response under pressure. When the neck bends, the hole walls undergo compression and friction, a process that dissipates a significant amount of impact energy, simulating the energy absorption characteristics of soft tissues such as muscles and ligaments in the real human body. If the size or shape of the penetrating hole 1132 is carefully designed (e.g., gradually changing from top to bottom), it can also create a gradient change in stiffness, thereby precisely controlling the amount of bending at different vertebral body 11 segments.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the projected area of ​​the cutting slit 1131 on the vertebral body 11 along the axial direction of the vertebral body 11 increases sequentially from top to bottom.

[0055] The progressively increasing cutting slits 1131 can increase the amount of deformation, while the diameter of the through hole 1132 does not need to gradually increase from top to bottom. Instead, it can be kept at the same size on each of the upper and lower vertebrae 11. This makes processing easier. During processing, the position of the through hole 1132 can be set closer to the central axis of the vertebrae 11 and connected to the progressively increasing cutting slits 1131.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figures 3-5As shown, the rotating structure includes a neck torsion damping rotating shaft 21, a top cover 22, and a lower end cover 23. The neck torsion damping rotating shaft 21 includes an upper rotating part and a lower rotating part that can rotate relative to each other. The top cover 22 is fixed on the upper rotating part and connected to the lower end of the head 4. The lower end cover 23 is fixed on the lower rotating part and connected to the upper end of the neck bending mechanism 1.

[0057] The axial direction of the neck torsional damping rotation shaft 21 is consistent with the axial direction of the simulated neck component 3 and the axial direction of the vertebral body. The neck torsional damping rotation shaft 21 has two layers: the upper rotating part is fixedly connected to the top cover 22, and the lower rotating part is fixedly connected to the lower end cover 23. The upper and lower rotating parts of the neck torsional damping rotation shaft 21 can rotate relative to each other, which is the basis for realizing the torsional function. The neck torsional damping rotation shaft 21 has a damping force when it rotates, providing appropriate resistance during rotation to simulate the state of a real person turning their head. The top cover 22 and the lower end cover 23 mainly serve to connect and fix the structure. The top cover 22 reliably connects the upper rotating part to the head 4, while the lower end cover 23 connects the lower rotating part to the neck bending mechanism 1 below. This design can ensure that the overall structure remains stable under the severe load of the crash test. The lower end cover 23 can be connected to the bending mechanism below the neck by adhesive.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the stop structure includes a push block disposed on the top cover 22 and a stop block disposed on the lower end cover 23. One end of the push block is connected to the lower end face of the top cover 22, and the other end extends to the lower end cover 23. The stop block includes a first stop block 231 and a second stop block 232, which are disposed opposite to each other on one side and the other side of the neck torsional damping rotation shaft 21 in the circumferential direction. The first stop block 231 includes a first thrust surface and a second thrust surface, and the second stop block 232 includes a third thrust surface and a fourth thrust surface. The push block includes a first push block 221 and a second push block 222, with the first push block 221 disposed between the first thrust surface and the fourth thrust surface, and the second push block 222 disposed between the second thrust surface and the third thrust surface.

[0059] Through the coordinated action of the two thrust surfaces on the first stop block 231 and the second stop block 232, the mechanical hard limit of the left and right twisting of the neck is precisely set to prevent over-twist. The cooperation between the push block and the two side stop blocks ensures that the neck is equally and effectively restricted when rotating clockwise and counterclockwise, providing symmetrical protection. When the neck twisting mechanism 2 attempts to over-twist in one direction (e.g., clockwise), the first push block 221 will gradually approach and eventually contact the first thrust surface of the first stop block 231, while the second push block 222 will contact the second stop block 231. The third thrust surface of the second stop block 232 contacts the second stop block 232. The two contact points work together to form a stable couple, which effectively resists the torsional moment, rather than relying on the impact of a single point. This makes the stopping process very smooth and reliable, avoiding the risk of structural damage due to single-point force. Similarly, when the neck torsion mechanism 2 attempts to over-twist in one direction (e.g., counterclockwise), the first push block 221 will gradually approach and eventually contact the fourth thrust surface of the second stop block 232. At the same time, the second push block 222 will contact the second thrust surface of the first stop block 231.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the angle between the first thrust surface and the fourth thrust surface is the first included angle, and the angle between the second thrust surface and the third thrust surface is the second included angle. The first included angle and the second included angle are equal and both are obtuse angles. The angle range of the first included angle and the second included angle is 140°-160°.

[0061] The angles of the first and second included angles range from 140° to 160°, which can effectively simulate the range of rotation of a real person's neck.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the damping structure includes buffer blocks respectively disposed on the first thrust surface, the second thrust surface, the third thrust surface and the fourth thrust surface. The buffer blocks include a rubber layer 24 and a silicone layer 25. When the top cover 22 rotates relative to the lower end cover 23, the push block can abut against the silicone layer 25 and compress the silicone layer 25 and the rubber layer 24 in sequence.

[0063] The first, second, third, and fourth thrust surfaces, which come into contact with the push block, can be fitted with cushioning materials, such as rubber layer 24 and silicone layer 25, to convert some of the impact kinetic energy into deformation energy, making the "stop" action gentler and closer to the response of biological tissue. Rubber layer 24 has a slightly higher hardness, which plays a role in impact damping, while silicone layer 25 is very soft and can achieve compression deformation, but the damping force is greater than the damping force provided by the neck torsion damping rotation axis 21. The combination of rubber and silicone can simulate the characteristic of a real person's head twisting force from small to large before the 4-torsion function reaches its limit.

[0064] The positions of the stop blocks, silicone layer 25, and rubber layer 24 are as follows: The first stop block 231 and the second stop block 232 have the same shape and are positioned opposite each other on both sides of the neck torsion damping rotation axis 21. The angle between the first and second included angles is 160°, which ensures that the head 4 can rotate within a 160° range. When it exceeds 160°, the stop blocks cause the push blocks to brake, limiting the head 4 and preventing the neck from rotating further. The rubber blocks are respectively attached to the first thrust surface, the second thrust surface, the third thrust surface, and the fourth thrust surface, buffering the impact of the push blocks within a 140° range to the left and right. The silicone layer 25 is attached to the side of the rubber blocks away from the stop blocks, and begins to exert a squeezing effect within a 120° range to the left and right, increasing the damping force and simulating the action of human tendons supporting the neck torsion.

[0065] That is, when the push block rotates clockwise or counterclockwise with the top cover 22, it compresses the silicone layer 25 when it reaches 120°, compresses the rubber layer 24 when it reaches 140°, and comes close to contacting the stop block when it reaches 160°, thus stopping the rotation and achieving the gradient change characteristic.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the damping structure includes a damping force adjusting bolt 211 disposed between the upper rotating part and the lower rotating part of the neck torsional damping rotating shaft 21.

[0067] The function of the neck torsion damping rotating shaft 21 is to provide damping force for the torsion of the head 4. This is achieved by increasing the friction between the two rigid iron blocks through compression, thereby increasing the damping force. Therefore, the magnitude of the damping force can be adjusted using the screw on top of the neck torsion damping rotating shaft 21. Loosening the screw decreases the damping force, while tightening it increases it. The damping force of the neck torsion damping rotating shaft 21 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0068] This application also provides an anthropomorphic device for collision testing, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it includes a head 4, a torso 5 and the aforementioned simulated neck assembly 3. The head 4 is positioned above the simulated neck assembly 3 and the torso 5 is positioned below the simulated neck assembly 3.

[0069] Based on ergonomic principles, this technical solution designs a novel cervical spine structure, enabling the simulated neck component 3 to have the same forward curvature as a real human neck. Simultaneously, the designed neck torsion mechanism 2 adds left-right torsion functionality to the simulated neck component 3, better replicating the characteristics of a real human neck. By using this simulated neck component 3, the anthropomorphic device for collision testing in this application can better simulate the multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic response of a real human neck during a collision, especially accurately replicating the complex kinematic behavior of the neck in rear-end collisions (whiplash injuries) and side collisions, thereby more accurately collecting data on neck force, torque, and deformation.

[0070] The basic principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this application are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this application. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the application to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0071] The devices, apparatuses, and equipment described in this application are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the accompanying drawings. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, and equipment can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., are open-ended terms meaning “including but not limited to,” and are used interchangeably with them. The terms “or” and “and” as used herein refer to the word “or” and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “such as” as used herein refers to the phrase “such as but not limited to,” and is used interchangeably with it.

[0072] It should also be noted that the components in the apparatus and equipment of this application can be disassembled or reassembled. These disassemblies or reassemblies should be considered as equivalent solutions of this application.

[0073] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0074] It should be understood that the qualifiers “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” “fifth,” and “sixth” used in the description of the embodiments of this application are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0075] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A simulated neck assembly (3), characterized in that, include: The neck bending mechanism (1) includes a plurality of vertebrae (11) stacked and connected along their own axial direction; A neck torsion mechanism (2) is disposed above the neck bending mechanism (1); the neck torsion mechanism (2) includes a rotation structure, a damping structure and a stop structure, the rotation structure is connected to the head (4) of the anthropomorphic device and the neck bending mechanism (1) respectively and enables the head (4) to rotate relative to the neck bending mechanism (1); the damping structure can increase the rotation resistance of the rotation structure, and the stop structure can limit the rotation angle range of the rotation structure; A notch (111) is provided on the front side of the vertebral body (11), and a buffer filling layer is provided in the notch (111); an incision (113) is provided on the rear side of the vertebral body (11).

2. The simulated neck assembly (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projection area of ​​the notch (111) on the vertebral body (11) along the vertebral body axis increases from top to bottom; the projection area of ​​the incision (113) on the vertebral body (11) along the vertebral body axis increases from top to bottom.

3. The simulated neck assembly (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incision (113) includes a cutting slit (1131) and a penetrating hole (1132) that are interconnected. The cutting slit (1131) is located in the circumferential direction of the vertebral body (11), and the penetrating hole (1132) penetrates the vertebral body (11) and extends along the left and right directions of the vertebral body.

4. The simulated neck assembly (3) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The projected area of ​​the cutting slit (1131) on the vertebral body (11) along the vertebral body axis increases sequentially from top to bottom.

5. The simulated neck assembly (3) according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The rotating structure includes a neck torsion damping rotating shaft (21), a top cover (22), and a lower end cover (23). The neck torsion damping rotating shaft (21) includes an upper rotating part and a lower rotating part that can rotate relative to each other. The top cover (22) is fixed on the upper rotating part and connected to the lower end of the head (4). The lower end cover (23) is fixed on the lower rotating part and connected to the upper end of the neck bending mechanism (1).

6. The simulated neck assembly (3) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The stop structure includes a push block disposed on the top cover (22) and a stop block disposed on the lower end cover (23). The stop block includes a first stop block (231) and a second stop block (232). The first stop block (231) and the second stop block (232) are disposed opposite to each other on one side and the other side of the neck torsional damping rotation shaft (21) in the circumferential direction. The first stop block (231) includes a first thrust surface and a second thrust surface, and the second stop block (232) includes a third thrust surface and a fourth thrust surface. The push block includes a first push block (221) and a second push block (222). The first push block (221) is disposed between the first thrust surface and the fourth thrust surface, and the second push block (222) is disposed between the second thrust surface and the third thrust surface.

7. The simulated neck assembly (3) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The angle between the first thrust surface and the fourth thrust surface is the first included angle, and the angle between the second thrust surface and the third thrust surface is the second included angle. The first included angle and the second included angle are equal and both are obtuse angles. The angle range of the first included angle and the second included angle is 140°-160°.

8. The simulated neck assembly (3) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The damping structure includes buffer blocks respectively disposed on the first thrust surface, the second thrust surface, the third thrust surface and the fourth thrust surface. The buffer block includes a rubber layer (24) and a silicone layer (25). When the top cover (22) rotates relative to the lower end cover (23), the push block can abut against the silicone layer (25) and compress the silicone layer (25) and the rubber layer (24) in sequence.

9. The simulated neck assembly (3) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The damping structure includes a damping force adjusting bolt (211) disposed between the upper rotating part and the lower rotating part of the neck torsional damping rotating shaft (21).

10. An anthropomorphic device for collision testing, characterized in that, Includes the head (4), torso (5) and simulated neck assembly (3) as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the head (4) is disposed above the simulated neck assembly (3) and the torso (5) is disposed below the simulated neck assembly (3).

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