Frame type battery box body with fire extinguishing function

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery box bodies, and particularly relates to a frame type battery box body with a fire extinguishing function, which comprises a frame, a support plate and a bottom protective plate, the support plate and the bottom protective plate are sequentially sealed and fixedly connected to the lower end of the frame from top to bottom, and the frame and the support plate enclose to form an upper cavity for assembling a battery; the supporting plate and the bottom protection plate define a lower cavity used for storing fire extinguishing gas, the supporting plate is provided with a vertically-through through hole, and a plugging piece is assembled in the through hole in a sealed mode and made of hot melting materials. In normal conditions, the plugging piece locks the gas, and the gas is melted when the high temperature reaches the melting point due to thermal runaway of the battery, so that the fire extinguishing gas in the lower cavity rapidly flows into the upper cavity to extinguish fire, the fire hazard is reduced to the greatest extent, and emergency and effective protection is provided for the battery and peripheral equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery box, specifically relates to frame type battery box with fire extinguishing function. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the wide application of new energy equipment such as electric vehicle, the safety of battery is increasingly important. In the process of charging and discharging, the battery may cause thermal runaway due to various reasons, such as internal short circuit, overheating, etc., and then cause fire and burning. The traditional battery box often only focuses on the physical protection of the battery, lacks effective fire extinguishing measures, and once the battery catches fire, the fire is easy to spread, causing serious consequences. Therefore, the development of battery box with fire extinguishing function has become a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a frame type battery box with fire extinguishing function, which can release the stored fire extinguishing gas in time when the battery in the battery box abnormally overheats and catches fire, quickly extinguish the initial flame, prevent the spread of fire and protect the safety of the battery system and the surrounding environment.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts one technical scheme:

[0005] A frame type battery box with fire extinguishing function, comprising a frame, a support plate and a bottom guard plate, the support plate and the bottom guard plate are sequentially sealed and fixed to the lower end of the frame from top to bottom, the frame and the support plate form an upper cavity for assembling batteries, the support plate and the bottom guard plate form a lower cavity for storing fire extinguishing gas, the support plate is provided with a through hole penetrating from top to bottom, the through hole is sealed and assembled with a plugging piece, and the plugging piece is made of hot melt material.

[0006] Further, the bottom guard plate is provided with an inflation nozzle.

[0007] Further, the lower end of the inflation nozzle is higher than the lowermost end of the bottom guard plate.

[0008] Further, the bottom guard plate has an upwardly recessed upper recess at the bottom, and the inflation nozzle is fixed in the upper recess.

[0009] Further, the through hole has a first through hole diameter section and a second through hole diameter section, the diameter of the first through hole diameter section is greater than the diameter of the second through hole diameter section, and the plugging piece has a first plugging piece diameter section and a second plugging piece diameter section respectively adapted to the first through hole diameter section and the second through hole diameter section.

[0010] Preferably, the first through hole diameter section has two places, the second through hole diameter section is located between the two places of the first through hole diameter section; the first blocking member diameter section has two places, the second blocking member diameter section is located between the two places of the first blocking member diameter section, and the two places of the first blocking member diameter section correspond to the positions of the two first through hole diameter sections respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the second through hole diameter section has two places, the first through hole diameter section is located between the two places of the second through hole diameter section; the second blocking member diameter section has two places, the first blocking member diameter section is located between the two places of the second blocking member diameter section, and the two places of the second blocking member diameter section correspond to the positions of the two second through hole diameter sections respectively.

[0012] Further, the blocking member is formed in the through hole by injection molding.

[0013] Further, the through hole has a plurality of through holes, and each through hole is sealed and fitted with a blocking member.

[0014] Further, the upper cavity has a plurality of upper cavities, and each group of through holes is uniformly distributed in the corresponding upper cavity.

[0015] The utility model discloses a frame type battery box with fire extinguishing function, the support plate of the frame type battery box is provided with the through hole blocked by the hot melt material blocking member, the blocking member locks the gas normally, and when the battery thermal runaway reaches the melting point, the blocking member melts, so that the fire extinguishing gas in the lower cavity pours into the upper cavity to extinguish the fire, and the fire hazard is reduced to the maximum, and the battery and the surrounding equipment are provided with emergency and effective protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and form a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of an embodiment of the frame type battery box with fire extinguishing function of the utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a sectional structure schematic view of an embodiment of the frame type battery box with fire extinguishing function of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The structure enlarged schematic view of A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 4The utility model discloses a frame type battery box body with fire extinguishing function Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 5 For Figure 4 The structure amplification schematic view of B in the middle is shown in the figure.

[0022] Figure 6 The utility model discloses a frame type battery box body with fire extinguishing function

[0023] Figure 7 The utility model discloses a frame type battery box body with fire extinguishing function.

[0024] The meaning of each sign in the drawing is as follows:

[0025] Frame 1, upper cavity 1a, support plate 2, through -hole 21, first through -hole diameter section 211, second through -hole diameter section 212, plugging piece 22, first plugging piece diameter section 221, second plugging piece diameter section 222, bottom guard plate 3, lower cavity 3a, inflation nozzle 31, upper recess 32. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The utility model will be further explained in connection with the drawings.

[0027] Referring to Figures 1-7 The frame type battery box body with fire extinguishing function includes frame 1, support plate 2 and bottom guard plate 3. Support plate 2 and bottom guard plate 3 are sealed and fixedly connected to the lower end of frame 1 from top to bottom. Support plate 2 can be fixedly connected to the lower end of frame 1 by welding to form a sealed connection between support plate 2 and frame 1, and bottom guard plate 3 can be fixedly connected to the lower end of frame 1 by bolt cooperation with a sealing ring. After the three are connected to each other, frame 1 will be enclosed with support plate 2 to form an upper cavity 1a for assembling batteries, and in the embodiment, the upper cavity 1a has two. Support plate 2 will be enclosed with bottom guard plate 3 to form a lower cavity 3a for storing fire extinguishing gas. The fire extinguishing gas stored in the lower cavity 3a is in a high-pressure state, and the specific gas pressure should be greater than the gas pressure in the upper cavity 1a.

[0028] In the embodiment, support plate 2 is provided with through -hole 21 that penetrates from top to bottom, and the through -hole 21 has 10, and the 10 through -hole 21 is divided into two groups corresponding to two upper cavities 1a, and the five through -holes 21 of each group are evenly distributed in the corresponding upper cavity 1a. Each through -hole 21 is sealed and assembled with plugging piece 22, and the plugging piece 22 is made of hot melt material.

[0029] Normally, the through hole 21 is closed by the blocking member 22, and the upper cavity 1a and the lower cavity 3a are not in communication with each other. When the battery in the upper cavity 1a is in thermal runaway and catches fire due to failure, the temperature inside the upper cavity 1a rises rapidly. Once the melting point of the hot melt material of the blocking member 22 is reached, the blocking member 22 will melt under the high temperature to make the upper cavity 1a and the lower cavity 3a communicate through the through hole 21. In this way, the fire extinguishing gas in the lower cavity 3a can enter the upper cavity 1a through the through hole 21 under the action of pressure difference, so as to suppress the battery combustion by physically isolating oxygen, thereby playing a fire extinguishing role, so as to prevent the fire from further expanding, thereby ensuring the safety of the entire battery box and the surrounding equipment.

[0030] In the present embodiment, the blocking member 22 is formed in the through hole 21 by injection molding. During injection molding, the liquid hot melt material precisely fills each tiny corner of the through hole 21 under the limitation of the mold. After cooling and solidification, the blocking member 22 and the through hole 21 are combined almost seamlessly to form a highly stable connection, greatly enhancing the sealing performance, so as to ensure the safe storage of the fire extinguishing gas under normal conditions.

[0031] It should be emphasized that the hot melt material can be selected according to actual needs, such as polyamide (PA), polyester (PET), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), etc.

[0032] Polyamide is a kind of hot melt material with excellent performance. It has a relatively high melting point, generally around 200-300°C, which makes it remain solid at normal battery operating temperature environment, stably blocking the through hole 21. For example, within the operating temperature range of lithium batteries commonly used in electric vehicles (usually -20-60°C), the blocking member of polyamide material will not easily melt.

[0033] Polyamide also has good mechanical properties, and its strength and toughness can withstand a certain degree of external impact and vibration, preventing the blocking member 22 from being damaged or displaced during the daily use of the battery box. Moreover, it has good chemical stability and can resist the fire extinguishing gas and the electrolyte that may be leaked from the battery, so it will not deteriorate in performance when it comes into contact with these substances.

[0034] The melting point of polyester material is usually between 250-260°C, which can effectively avoid melting under normal battery operating conditions. It is a thermoplastic polyester with excellent forming performance, which can be well combined with the through hole 21 through injection molding to form a good sealing structure.

[0035] Polyester materials also exhibit good chemical resistance, offering good protection against various chemicals that may be present inside the battery casing, such as organic solvents in the battery electrolyte. Furthermore, their cost is relatively reasonable, allowing for effective cost control during the large-scale production of fire-extinguishing battery casings while ensuring performance.

[0036] EVA is a commonly used hot melt adhesive material, and its melting point can be adjusted according to the vinyl acetate content. Generally, the melting point of the EVA material used for the battery casing sealing component 22 can be selected to be around 80℃-120℃. Although this temperature range is relatively low, it can be adjusted according to the specific battery thermal runaway temperature monitoring data, so that it can melt in time in the early stage of battery thermal runaway and release fire extinguishing gas.

[0037] EVA material possesses excellent flexibility, allowing it to effectively fill the internal space of the through-hole 21 during injection molding. Furthermore, it provides good cushioning when in contact with other materials, reducing the risk of seal failure due to differences in the thermal expansion coefficients of different materials. Simultaneously, it exhibits good barrier properties against extinguishing gases, effectively preventing leakage under normal conditions.

[0038] The fire extinguishing gases used in this frame-type battery box can be carbon dioxide, nitrogen from the inert gas family, heptafluoropropane, etc.

[0039] Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a common candidate gas. It is characterized by high fire extinguishing efficiency, effectively extinguishing battery fires by diluting the oxygen concentration in the air to below the level required to support combustion. Simultaneously, carbon dioxide is chemically stable and will not react violently with the electrolyte or electrode materials inside the battery, avoiding the formation of additional harmful substances and reducing the risk of secondary hazards. Furthermore, carbon dioxide gas is easy to obtain and store, and its cost is relatively controllable, making it suitable for large-scale application in battery enclosure fire suppression systems.

[0040] Nitrogen (N2), a member of the inert gas family, is also highly favored. Nitrogen is extremely chemically inert, reacting almost no with any substance. Even in harsh environments where battery thermal runaway generates high temperatures and complex chemical substances escape, it remains stable, ensuring a safe fire extinguishing process. Its density is slightly lower than air, allowing it to diffuse well within the battery casing, comprehensively covering the fire area and suppressing the spread of flames.

[0041] Heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea) is also a suitable fire extinguishing gas. It extinguishes fires rapidly, quickly interrupting the combustion chain reaction and effectively suppressing initial fires. Furthermore, heptafluoropropane has a relatively short residual time in the atmosphere, resulting in minimal long-term environmental impact, aligning with current green environmental protection principles. Although its cost is relatively high, it is an ideal choice for high-end battery applications with stringent requirements for fire extinguishing efficiency and environmental protection.

[0042] These extinguishing gases are not used in isolation. Sometimes they are combined and matched according to factors such as battery type, enclosure volume, and expected fire risk to customize the most suitable fire extinguishing solution and fully protect the safety of the battery enclosure.

[0043] In this embodiment, the bottom protective plate 3 is provided with an inflation nozzle 31. The inflation nozzle 31 provides a channel for the lower cavity 3a, which stores fire extinguishing gas, to be filled with fire extinguishing gas. It is worth mentioning that the inflation nozzle 31 is a one-way valve type inflation nozzle. This design ensures that the gas can only flow in a specific direction, that is, from the outside to the inside of the lower cavity 3a, effectively preventing backflow and leakage of the fire extinguishing gas stored in the lower cavity 3a. This greatly ensures the stability of the gas reserve and provides protection for the battery box to cope with possible fires at any time.

[0044] In this embodiment, the lower end of the inflation nozzle 31 is higher than the lowest end of the bottom protective plate 3. This design is for the protection of the inflation nozzle 31 itself. During the daily placement, transportation, or use of the battery box, it is inevitable to encounter some collisions and friction. Placing the inflation nozzle 31 in a relatively high position can effectively prevent it from directly contacting the ground or other external objects and suffering accidental damage, thereby maintaining its good usability and ensuring that it can function normally when the fire extinguishing gas needs to be replenished.

[0045] In this embodiment, the bottom of the bottom cover plate 3 also has an upwardly recessed upper portion 32, and the inflation nozzle 31 is fixedly connected to the upper recess 32. The upper recess 32 adds an extra protective barrier to the inflation nozzle 31, which is equivalent to a "dedicated groove" that wraps the inflation nozzle 31 in it, further reducing the risk of damage to the inflation nozzle 31 due to external impacts, compression, etc., so that the structural integrity and functional reliability of the inflation nozzle 31 are better guaranteed, thereby helping the fire extinguishing system of the entire battery box to operate stably.

[0046] In this embodiment, the through hole 21 has a first through hole diameter section 211 and a second through hole diameter section 212, the diameter of the first through hole diameter section 211 being larger than the diameter of the second through hole diameter section 212; the sealing member 22 has a first sealing member diameter section 221 and a second sealing member diameter section 222 respectively adapted to the first through hole diameter section 211 and the second through hole diameter section 212.

[0047] The specific configuration of the through hole 21 and the sealing element 22 is provided in the following two embodiments.

[0048] In Embodiment 1, there are two first through-hole diameter segments 211, and the second through-hole diameter segment 212 is located between the two first through-hole diameter segments 211; there are two first sealing member diameter segments 221, and the second sealing member diameter segment 222 is located between the two first sealing member diameter segments 221, and the two first sealing member diameter segments 221 correspond to the positions of the two first through-hole diameter segments 211 respectively.

[0049] In the second embodiment, there are two diameter segments 212 of the second through hole, with the diameter segment 211 of the first through hole located between the two diameter segments 212 of the second through hole; there are two diameter segments 222 of the second sealing member, with the diameter segment 221 of the first sealing member located between the two diameter segments 222 of the second sealing member, and the two diameter segments 222 of the second sealing member correspond to the positions of the two diameter segments 212 of the second through hole, respectively.

[0050] Both of the above embodiments can provide axial restraint between the sealing member 22 and the through hole 21, that is, prevent the sealing member 22 from axially dislodging from the through hole 21, so as to form a stable connection between the sealing member 22 and the through hole 21.

[0051] It is worth mentioning that Embodiment 1 is a preferred embodiment. In Embodiment 1, the large-diameter portion of the through hole 21 is located on the outer side. This layout facilitates the processing equipment to process the through hole 21 and has high production efficiency.

[0052] In summary, this utility model discloses a frame-type battery box with fire extinguishing function. The support plate of the frame-type battery box is provided with through holes sealed by a heat-melting material. Under normal circumstances, the sealing material locks the gas. When the battery experiences thermal runaway and the temperature reaches the melting point, the sealing material melts, allowing the fire extinguishing gas in the lower cavity to rush into the upper cavity to extinguish the fire, thereby minimizing the fire hazard and providing emergency and effective protection for the battery and surrounding equipment.

[0053] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A frame-type battery box with fire extinguishing function, characterized in that: The device includes a frame, a support plate, and a bottom protective plate. The support plate and the bottom protective plate are sequentially and sealed to the lower end of the frame from top to bottom. The frame and the support plate together form an upper cavity for assembling a battery, and the support plate and the bottom protective plate together form a lower cavity for storing fire extinguishing gas. The support plate has a through hole running vertically through it, and a sealing element is sealed and fitted inside the through hole. The sealing element is made of a hot-melt material.

2. The frame-type battery box with fire extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom protective plate is equipped with an air inlet.

3. The frame-type battery box with fire extinguishing function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the air inlet is higher than the lowest end of the bottom protective plate.

4. The frame-type battery box with fire extinguishing function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the bottom guard plate has an upwardly recessed upper part, and the inflation nozzle is fixedly connected to the upper recess.

5. The frame-type battery box with fire extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole has a first through hole diameter segment and a second through hole diameter segment, the diameter of the first through hole diameter segment being larger than the diameter of the second through hole diameter segment; the sealing member has a first sealing member diameter segment and a second sealing member diameter segment respectively adapted to the first through hole diameter segment and the second through hole diameter segment.

6. The frame-type battery box with fire extinguishing function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first through hole diameter segment has two locations, and the second through hole diameter segment is located between the two first through hole diameter segments; the first sealing member diameter segment has two locations, and the second sealing member diameter segment is located between the two first sealing member diameter segments, and the two first sealing member diameter segments correspond to the positions of the two first through hole diameter segments respectively.

7. The frame-type battery box with fire extinguishing function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second through hole diameter segment has two locations, and the first through hole diameter segment is located between the two second through hole diameter segments; the second sealing member diameter segment has two locations, and the first sealing member diameter segment is located between the two second sealing member diameter segments, with the two second sealing member diameter segments corresponding to the positions of the two second through hole diameter segments respectively.

8. The frame-type battery box with fire extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing component is injection molded into the through hole.

9. The frame-type battery box with fire extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through holes are multiple, and each through hole is sealed with a sealing element.

10. The frame-type battery box with fire extinguishing function according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper cavity has several parts, and the support plate is provided with a set of through holes at each of the upper cavities, with each through hole in each set being evenly distributed in the corresponding upper cavity.

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