Battery with explosion-proof structure and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery with an explosion-proof structure and a battery pack, the battery comprises a shell and an upper cover, and the shell and the upper cover are enclosed to form a mounting cavity for placing a battery body; an explosion-proof structure is arranged in the mounting cavity; the explosion-proof structure comprises a middle layer, an inner layer and a pressure relief valve; the battery with the explosion-proof structure and the battery pack are ingenious in structural design, the middle layer absorbs expansion pressure and mechanical stress, the inner layer provides fireproof heat insulation protection, the pressure relief valve is responsible for pressure relief, and the middle layer, the inner layer and the pressure relief valve jointly form a multi-layer safety protection explosion-proof structure; and the risk of shell burst caused by too large internal pressure of the shell can be effectively relieved. The three work cooperatively, so that explosion and fire hazards caused by thermal runaway can be effectively prevented; through multi-layer protection, the damage of the battery caused by thermal runaway, external impact or high-temperature environment is reduced, the reliability of the battery is improved, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and more reliable and safer use guarantee is provided for users.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a battery and battery pack with an explosion-proof structure. Background Technology

[0002] During battery use, internal chemical reactions may produce gas, leading to increased internal pressure. If the pressure cannot be released, the battery may expand or even explode. Currently, power batteries generally only have a single explosion-proof valve on their outer casing, without an internal structure to absorb the internal expansion pressure or isolate heat. This cannot effectively mitigate the risk of the casing bursting due to excessive internal pressure, and its overall safety may be low. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a battery and battery pack with an explosion-proof structure, addressing the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0005] On one hand, this utility model provides a battery with an explosion-proof structure, including a shell with an opening at the top and a top cover that is tightly fastened to the shell to close the opening, wherein the shell and the top cover form an installation cavity for placing the battery body; the left and right sides of the battery body are respectively provided with an upwardly protruding positive electrode post and a negative electrode post; a gasket is fitted on both the positive electrode post and the negative electrode post; a buffer space is provided between the two gaskets; an explosion-proof structure is provided in the installation cavity; the explosion-proof structure includes an intermediate layer disposed at the upper end of the battery body for absorbing expansion pressure, an inner layer for fireproofing and heat insulation, and a pressure relief valve fixedly disposed on the top cover; the intermediate layer and the inner layer are each provided with a clearance hole for avoiding the positive electrode post and the negative electrode post, and a safety channel connecting the buffer space and allowing the lower end of the pressure relief valve to be inserted;

[0006] The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to this utility model has a mounting hole on the upper cover located between the positive electrode post and the negative electrode post; the pressure relief valve is tightly fixed in the mounting hole;

[0007] The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to this utility model includes a plurality of first grooves in the middle layer; a spring is provided in the first groove; one end of the spring abuts against the inner top surface of the first groove, and the other end abuts against the upper surface of the inner layer.

[0008] The battery with an explosion-proof structure described in this utility model has a metal reflective layer at the bottom of the inner layer for reflecting thermal radiation.

[0009] The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to this utility model, wherein both the middle layer and the inner layer are honeycomb structures;

[0010] The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to the present invention, wherein the lower surface of the intermediate layer is tightly bonded to the upper surface of the inner layer by an adhesive, and the upper surface of the intermediate layer is tightly bonded to the inner top surface of the top cover by an adhesive.

[0011] The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to this utility model has a thickness ratio of 1:0.6:1 for the top cover, the middle layer, and the inner layer.

[0012] The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to this utility model has a sealant coating or a sealing ring placed around the mounting hole; the pressure relief valve covers the sealant or the sealing ring and is directly welded to the upper cover by a welding gun.

[0013] On the other hand, this utility model also provides a battery pack, which includes a housing; the housing contains a plurality of batteries with explosion-proof structures as described above; the plurality of batteries are connected in series.

[0014] The battery pack of this utility model includes a partition fixedly connected to the housing between two adjacent batteries; the housing is also filled with inert gas.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The battery and battery pack with an explosion-proof structure are ingeniously designed. The middle layer absorbs expansion pressure and mechanical stress, the inner layer provides fireproof and heat insulation protection, and the pressure relief valve is responsible for pressure relief. Together, these three elements constitute a multi-layered safety protection explosion-proof structure. When the battery experiences thermal runaway: the middle layer absorbs expansion pressure to prevent the outer shell from rupturing; the inner layer blocks high temperatures and flames to prevent the spread of fire; and it can effectively mitigate the risk of the outer shell bursting due to excessive internal pressure. The pressure relief valve quickly releases gas to reduce internal pressure. The three elements work together to effectively prevent explosions and fires caused by thermal runaway. Through multi-layered protection, damage to the battery caused by thermal runaway, external impact, or high-temperature environments is reduced, improving the battery's reliability and lifespan, and providing users with more reliable and safer usage protection. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery with an explosion-proof structure according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery pack according to Embodiment 2 of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0020] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0021] "Multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms indicating orientation, such as "up, down, front, back, left, right, upper end, lower end, longitudinal," etc., are all based on the posture and position of the device or equipment described in this solution during normal use.

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, a clear and complete description will be provided below in conjunction with the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] A preferred embodiment of this utility model provides a battery with an explosion-proof structure, such as... Figure 1As shown, a battery 10 with an explosion-proof structure includes a housing 11 with an opening at the top and a top cover 12 that is tightly fastened to the housing 11 to close the opening. The housing 11 and the top cover 12 enclose a mounting cavity 14 for placing the battery body 13. The left and right sides of the battery body 13 are respectively provided with an upwardly protruding positive electrode post 15 and a negative electrode post 16. Gaskets 17 are fitted on both the positive electrode post 15 and the negative electrode post 16 to ensure that the positive and negative electrode posts do not come into direct contact, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit. A buffer space 18 is provided between the two gaskets 17 to further absorb impact and reduce the risk of battery damage due to external impact. The mounting cavity 14 is equipped with an explosion-proof structure. The explosion-proof structure includes an intermediate layer 19 located on the upper end of the battery body 13 to absorb expansion pressure, an inner layer 111 for fireproofing and heat insulation, and a pressure relief valve 112 fixedly installed on the top cover 12. By setting the intermediate layer and the inner layer, the pressure during battery expansion can be absorbed to prevent the battery casing from cracking. The inner layer has fireproofing and heat insulation functions, which can reduce heat transfer to the outside when the battery experiences thermal runaway, thereby reducing the risk of fire. The pressure relief valve can automatically open when the internal pressure of the battery is too high to release excess pressure and prevent the battery from exploding. The three together constitute a multi-layered safety protection explosion-proof structure, which improves the reliability and service life of the battery and provides users with more reliable and safer usage protection.

[0026] Alternatively, the intermediate layer 19 can be made of PCM phase change material, a material in the prior art, which can absorb both pressure and heat, providing dual protection; it can also be made of porous materials such as foamed metals (e.g., aluminum foam, nickel foam) or porous polymers, or elastic materials such as silicone or rubber, capable of withstanding repeated compression and rebound. The inner layer 111 can be made of ceramic materials in the prior art, such as alumina or silicon nitride, which have excellent high-temperature resistance and thermal insulation properties; or it can be made of aerogel materials, which have extremely low thermal conductivity and good thermal insulation performance. The pressure relief valve 112 is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] Both the intermediate layer 19 and the inner layer 111 are provided with clearance holes 113 for avoiding the positive electrode post 15 and the negative electrode post 16, and a safety channel 114 for connecting the buffer space 18 and for inserting the lower end of the pressure relief valve 112, which helps to effectively guide pressure release while maintaining the integrity of the battery.

[0028] This battery features an ingenious explosion-proof structure. The middle layer absorbs expansion pressure and mechanical stress, the inner layer provides fire and heat insulation protection, and the pressure relief valve releases pressure. Together, these three elements form a multi-layered safety and explosion-proof structure. In the event of thermal runaway: the middle layer absorbs expansion pressure, preventing the casing from rupturing; the inner layer blocks high temperatures and flames, preventing the spread of fire; and it effectively mitigates the risk of casing bursting due to excessive internal pressure. The pressure relief valve rapidly releases gas, reducing internal pressure. These three elements work together to effectively prevent explosions and fires caused by thermal runaway. Through multi-layered protection, damage to the battery caused by thermal runaway, external impacts, or high-temperature environments is reduced, improving battery reliability and lifespan, and providing users with more reliable and safer protection.

[0029] This design is applicable to various scenarios such as electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and consumer electronics, and can meet the safety requirements in different environments.

[0030] Furthermore, the top cover 12 has a mounting hole 115 located between the positive electrode post 15 and the negative electrode post 16; the pressure relief valve 112 is tightly fixed in the mounting hole 115. The pressure relief valve is located between the positive and negative electrodes, which helps to release pressure evenly when the internal pressure of the battery is too high, preventing the battery casing from cracking due to uneven pressure. The pressure relief valve is also tightly installed in the mounting hole, so that the pressure relief valve 112 will not loosen due to vibration or other external factors, thereby improving the reliability of the entire battery system.

[0031] Furthermore, the intermediate layer 19 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 116; a spring 117 is provided in each of the first grooves 116; one end of the spring 117 abuts against the inner top surface of the first groove 116, and the other end abuts against the upper surface of the inner layer 111. The spring can absorb the mechanical stress generated inside the battery due to thermal runaway or external impact. When the internal pressure of the battery increases or it is subjected to external impact, the spring can be compressed to dynamically absorb energy and prevent the casing from cracking or the internal structure from being damaged.

[0032] Furthermore, the bottom of the inner layer 111 is provided with a metal reflective layer, such as aluminum foil, for reflecting thermal radiation; this helps maintain the uniformity of the internal temperature of the battery, reduces local overheating, and thus reduces the risk of thermal runaway of the battery; in cold environments, the metal reflective layer helps reduce the loss of heat inside the battery, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the battery heating system.

[0033] Furthermore, both the intermediate layer 19 and the inner layer 111 have a honeycomb structure, which can provide sufficient space to absorb gas expansion.

[0034] Furthermore, the lower surface of the intermediate layer 19 is tightly bonded to the upper surface of the inner layer 111 by an adhesive, and the upper surface of the intermediate layer 19 is tightly bonded to the inner top surface of the top cover 12 by an adhesive. The thickness ratio of the top cover 12, the intermediate layer 19, and the inner layer 111 is 1:0.6:1; the top cover 12 ensures sufficient impact resistance; the intermediate layer 19 provides sufficient energy absorption space; and the inner layer 111 ensures thermal insulation and fire resistance.

[0035] Furthermore, the area around the mounting hole 115 is coated with sealant or a sealing ring is placed there; the pressure relief valve 112 is covered with sealant or a sealing ring and is directly welded to the top cover 12 by a welding gun; it has good airtightness and can prevent external contaminants from entering the battery.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] This embodiment provides a battery pack 100, and the similarities with Embodiment 1 will not be repeated here. The differences are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the battery pack includes a housing 20; multiple batteries 10 with explosion-proof structures as described in Embodiment 1 are installed inside the housing 20; the multiple batteries 10 are connected in series. Each battery has an explosion-proof function, reducing the risk of the entire battery pack malfunctioning and improving the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0038] In one embodiment, a partition 21 fixedly connected to the housing 20 is provided between two adjacent batteries 10. The partition not only increases the structural strength of the battery pack and improves its impact resistance, but also prevents the failure of one battery 10 from affecting the adjacent batteries 10, reducing the risk of cascading failures. In addition, the partition helps to thermally isolate the batteries, prevents heat from being transferred rapidly between the batteries, and helps to maintain the temperature uniformity inside the battery pack.

[0039] Furthermore, the interior of the housing 20 is filled with inert gases, such as N2 and Ar. Inert gases do not react chemically with battery materials, which can prevent the battery from being oxidized during charging or discharging and extend battery life. Inert gases are also not easily flammable, which can effectively reduce the risk of combustion and explosion even if the battery malfunctions and generates sparks.

[0040] This battery pack features a cleverly designed structure. The middle layer absorbs expansion pressure and mechanical stress, the inner layer provides fire and heat insulation protection, and the pressure relief valve releases pressure. Together, these three elements form a multi-layered safety and explosion-proof structure. In the event of thermal runaway: the middle layer absorbs expansion pressure, preventing the outer casing from rupturing; the inner layer blocks high temperatures and flames, preventing the spread of fire; and it effectively mitigates the risk of casing bursting due to excessive internal pressure. The pressure relief valve rapidly releases gas, reducing internal pressure. These three elements work together to effectively prevent explosions and fires caused by thermal runaway. Through multi-layered protection, damage to the battery caused by thermal runaway, external impacts, or high-temperature environments is reduced, improving battery reliability and lifespan, and providing users with more reliable and safer protection.

[0041] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery with an explosion-proof structure, comprising a casing with an opening at the top, and a top cover that is tightly fastened to the casing to close the opening, characterized in that, The housing and the top cover enclose a mounting cavity for placing the battery body; the left and right sides of the battery body are respectively provided with an upwardly protruding positive electrode post and a negative electrode post; a gasket is fitted on both the positive electrode post and the negative electrode post; a buffer space is provided between the two gaskets; an explosion-proof structure is provided inside the mounting cavity; the explosion-proof structure includes an intermediate layer disposed at the upper end of the battery body for absorbing expansion pressure, an inner layer for fireproofing and heat insulation, and a pressure relief valve fixedly disposed on the top cover; the intermediate layer and the inner layer are each provided with a clearance hole for avoiding the positive electrode post and the negative electrode post, and a safety channel connecting the buffer space and allowing the lower end of the pressure relief valve to be inserted.

2. The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper cover has a mounting hole located between the positive electrode post and the negative electrode post; the pressure relief valve is tightly fixed in the mounting hole.

3. The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The intermediate layer has a plurality of first grooves; a spring is provided in the first groove; one end of the spring abuts against the inner top surface of the first groove, and the other end abuts against the upper surface of the inner layer.

4. The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the inner layer is provided with a metal reflective layer for reflecting thermal radiation.

5. The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the intermediate layer and the inner layer have a honeycomb structure.

6. The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower surface of the intermediate layer is tightly bonded to the upper surface of the inner layer by an adhesive, and the upper surface of the intermediate layer is tightly bonded to the inner top surface of the top cover by an adhesive.

7. The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to any one of claims 1 and 4-6, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the top cover, the middle layer, and the inner layer is 1:0.6:

1.

8. The battery with an explosion-proof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting hole is surrounded by sealant or a sealing ring; the pressure relief valve is covered by the sealant or the sealing ring and welded directly to the top cover by a welding gun.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, It includes a housing; the housing contains a plurality of batteries with an explosion-proof structure as described in any one of claims 1-8; the plurality of batteries are connected in series.

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, A partition plate fixedly connected to the housing is provided between two adjacent batteries; the inside of the housing is also filled with inert gas.

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