Substrate structure, gain adjustment module and communication equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a substrate structure, a gain adjustment module and a communication device, the substrate structure is applied to the communication device, the substrate structure comprises a carrier and a gain adjustment unit arranged on a preset surface of the carrier, and the preset surface is arranged towards an antenna radiation unit in the communication device; wherein the carrier is made of an insulating material with the dielectric constant smaller than a first preset value, and the gain adjusting unit is made of a metal material with the conductivity larger than a second preset value. According to the antenna, the purpose of high gain of the antenna is achieved through a low-cost simple structure, and the overall product performance is effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of communication devices, in particular to a substrate structure, a gain adjustment module and a communication device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Antenna gain is used to measure the ability of an antenna to transmit and receive signals in a specific direction. A communication network or system composed of high-gain omnidirectional antennas can improve the signal coverage range, capacity, and other aspects of the communication network or system, thereby providing users with a better user experience.

[0003] Currently, the way to improve antenna gain is generally to use MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) and Massive MIMO (Massive MIMO). However, the MIMO and Massive MIMO methods require an increase in the number of antenna radiation units, resulting in an increase in the overall cost of the antenna and an increase in the overall size of the antenna, thereby limiting the use of the antenna in some fields that have requirements for the overall size. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and the purpose is to provide a substrate structure, a gain adjustment module and a communication device.

[0005] The present disclosure solves the above technical problems by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present disclosure provides a substrate structure applied to a communication device, the substrate structure comprising a carrier and a gain adjustment unit arranged on a preset surface of the carrier, the preset surface being arranged towards an antenna radiation unit in the communication device.

[0007] The carrier comprises an insulator, and the gain adjustment unit comprises a conductor.

[0008] Preferably, the direction of the electric field formed in the gain adjustment unit is parallel to the direction of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave in the preset direction.

[0009] The gain adjustment unit comprises a plurality of metal wires arranged in a preset arrangement.

[0010] Preferably, the metal wires comprise regular-shaped or irregular-shaped metal wires.

[0011] Preferably, the regular shape comprises a rectangular shape, a square shape, a triangular shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a diamond shape, a polygonal shape, and a cross shape.

[0012] The irregular shape comprises any irregular shape other than the regular shape.

[0013] Preferably, the gain adjustment unit comprises a plurality of metal wires arranged in parallel and spaced apart along a first preset direction and arranged spaced apart along a second preset direction.

[0014] Preferably, the metal wires along the first preset direction are arranged at equal intervals based on a first preset interval.

[0015] Preferably, the metal wires along the second preset direction are arranged at equal intervals based on a second preset interval.

[0016] Preferably, when the gain adjustment unit has a rectangular structure, the first preset direction is the length direction.

[0017] The first preset interval corresponds to an interval range of 0.003-5 mm.

[0018] The second preset interval corresponds to an interval range of 0.003-5 mm.

[0019] Preferably, the widths of different metal wires are the same.

[0020] Preferably, the materials of different metal wires are the same.

[0021] Preferably, the gain adjustment unit is arranged coincidentally with the carrier or is arranged in a partial area of the carrier.

[0022] Preferably, the carrier has a flat plate structure, and the preset surface is one side of the flat plate structure.

[0023] Preferably, the material of the carrier comprises at least one of PI (polyimide), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), FR4 (glass fiber epoxy resin material), or resin.

[0024] Preferably, the material of the metal wire comprises at least one of copper, silver paste, tin, or conductive ink.

[0025] Preferably, the material of the carrier comprises at least one of PI (polyimide), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), FR4 (glass fiber epoxy resin material), or resin.

[0026] Preferably, the gain adjustment unit is arranged on the carrier by any one of the following methods: copper-clad plate etching, additive method, metal pad printing, metal spray printing, metal printing, conductive ink printing, in-mold injection, and vacuum plating.

[0027] The present disclosure also provides a gain adjustment module comprising at least one substrate structure as described above and a fixing structure for fixing the substrate structure.

[0028] The present disclosure also provides a communication device comprising the gain adjustment module as described above.

[0029] Based on common knowledge in the field, the preferred conditions described can be combined arbitrarily to obtain the preferred embodiments of this disclosure.

[0030] The positive and progressive effects of this disclosure are as follows:

[0031] In this disclosure, by cleverly designing the substrate structure, the substrate structure becomes polarized under the influence of an external electromagnetic field, and the electromagnetic wave forms an enhanced electric field in the direction of propagation, thereby improving the gain in that direction. In this way, there is no need to add an antenna radiating element in the communication equipment, which reduces the investment cost and does not change the original size of the communication equipment, ensuring the applicable scenarios of the communication equipment. In addition, the substrate structure also has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, easy manufacturing, and easy installation. That is, the purpose of high antenna gain is achieved through a low-cost and simple structure, which effectively improves the overall product performance of the communication equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the substrate structure according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the substrate structure of Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the substrate structure of Embodiment 2 of this disclosure;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the cross-shaped metal wires on the substrate structure of Embodiment 2 of this disclosure;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the “×” shaped metal wire on the substrate structure of Embodiment 2 of this disclosure;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gain adjustment module of Embodiment 3 of this disclosure;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the gain adjustment module of Embodiment 3 of this disclosure;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the gain adjustment module according to Embodiment 3 of this disclosure;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the gain adjustment module according to Embodiment 3 of this disclosure;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the gain adjustment module in Embodiment 3 of this disclosure;

[0042] Figure 11 Structure diagram of a fixed structure of Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 12 Structure diagram of a communication device of Embodiment 4 of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 13 First diagram of relative arrangement of an antenna and a substrate structure of Embodiment 4 of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 14 Second diagram of relative arrangement of an antenna and a substrate structure of Embodiment 4 of the present disclosure;

[0046] Figure 15 Third diagram of relative arrangement of an antenna and a substrate structure of Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure;

[0047] Figure 16 Diagram of electric field direction and magnetic field direction on the substrate structure of Figure 15 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present disclosure will be further described below by way of examples, but the present disclosure is not limited in the scope of the examples.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] The substrate structure 1 in the present embodiment is applied in a communication device, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the substrate structure 1 comprises a carrier 2, and a gain adjustment unit 3 arranged on a preset surface of the carrier 2, the preset surface is arranged towards an antenna radiation unit in the communication device. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Specifically, the gain adjustment unit 3 is an entire array structure, the gain adjustment unit 3 is laid on the carrier 2, and the carrier 2 is used to carry, fix and secure the gain adjustment unit 3.

[0051] Specifically, the gain adjustment unit 3 is an entire array structure, the gain adjustment unit 3 is laid on the carrier 2, and the carrier 2 is used to carry, fix and secure the gain adjustment unit 3.

[0052] The shape, size and thickness of the carrier 2 can be designed or adjusted according to the requirements of the actual scene, and are not specifically limited, as long as the requirements of the actual scene can be met. In addition, the gain adjustment unit 3 is arranged on one or more preset surfaces of the carrier 2; preferably, the gain adjustment unit 3 is arranged on one preset surface of the carrier 2, which can meet the requirements of the actual scene, so as to achieve reasonable design and reduce the cost.

[0053] ​The carrier comprises an insulator, and the gain adjustment unit comprises a conductor. Specifically, the carrier 2 is made of an insulating material with a dielectric constant less than a first preset value, and the gain adjustment unit 3 is made of a metal material with an electrical conductivity greater than a second preset value.

[0054] In the embodiment, the carrier 2 is made of an insulating material with a low dielectric constant (e.g., a dielectric constant less than 15), such as PI, PET, FR4, or resin, and the gain adjustment unit 3 is made of a high-conductivity material, such as copper, silver paste, tin, or conductive ink.

[0055] It should be noted that the substrate structure 1 can also be directly manufactured on the shell of the communication device, i.e., the shell is used as the carrier 2. The specific implementation manner can be designed or adjusted according to actual requirements.

[0056] In the present disclosure, the substrate structure is designed in a clever manner, which generates polarization under the influence of an external electromagnetic field, and the electromagnetic wave forms an enhanced electric field in the direction of propagation, so as to achieve the effect of improving the gain in this direction. In this way, no additional antenna radiation unit needs to be added in the communication device, which reduces the investment cost and does not change the original size of the communication device, thereby ensuring the application scenarios of the communication device. In addition, the substrate structure also has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, easy manufacturing, and easy installation. That is, the purpose of high gain of the antenna is achieved by a low-cost simple structure, thereby effectively providing the overall product performance of the communication device.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] The substrate structure 1 in the present embodiment is an improvement of the substrate structure 1 in Embodiment 1. Specifically:

[0059] In an implementable scheme, the direction of the electric field formed by the gain adjustment unit 3 is parallel to the direction of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave in the preset direction.

[0060] In the embodiment, the gain adjustment unit 3 comprises a plurality of metal wires 4 arranged in a preset arrangement manner, i.e., different forms of gain adjustment units 3 can be arranged as long as the high gain effect is achieved.

[0061] In an implementable scheme, the metal wire 4 comprises a metal wire with a regular shape or an irregular shape.

[0062] Specifically, the regular shape includes a rectangular shape, a square shape (see Figure 3 , a square shape, wherein, Figure 3 E is the direction of the electric field), a triangular shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a diamond shape, a polygonal shape, and a cross shape (e.g., a "cross" shape, see Figure 4 , and a "×" shape, see Figure 5The shape of the "back" character, etc.); wherein Ex, Ey are the directions of the electric field.

[0063] Irregular shapes include any irregular shape other than regular shapes; for example, provided with a circular shape along a predetermined direction, etc.

[0064] In an implementable scheme, as shown in Figure 2 and 3 The gain adjustment unit 3 includes a plurality of metal wires arranged in sequence along the first predetermined direction in parallel and at intervals, and arranged in sequence along the second predetermined direction at intervals. For example, the gain adjustment unit 3 is composed of a plurality of rectangular metal wires of a certain length, a certain width, and a certain distance.

[0065] Specifically, the arrangement density of each metal wire 4 in the first predetermined direction and the second predetermined direction can be designed or adjusted according to actual needs.

[0066] Wherein the overall size of the substrate structure 1 can be determined according to the size of the communication equipment, the distance from the communication equipment, and other factors, and the design of the plurality of metal wires 4 can also be adaptively designed according to the overall size of the substrate structure.

[0067] In the present disclosure, by arranging a plurality of metal wires in sequence along the first predetermined direction in parallel and at intervals, and in sequence along the second predetermined direction at intervals, a planar structure is formed, the electric field direction formed by the planar structure is parallel to the electric field direction of the electromagnetic wave in the predetermined direction, so that the substrate structure 1 can produce polarization under the influence of an external electromagnetic field, and the electromagnetic wave forms an enhanced electric field in the direction of propagation, so as to achieve the effect of improving the gain in that direction.

[0068] In an implementable scheme, as shown in Figure 2 and 3 The metal wires 4 in the first predetermined direction are arranged at equal intervals based on a first predetermined interval;

[0069] The metal wires 4 in the second predetermined direction are arranged at equal intervals based on a second predetermined interval.

[0070] In the present disclosure, the metal wire strips in the predetermined direction are designed at equal intervals according to the set interval, so that the operation of making the metal wire array is simplified, the structure of the obtained gain adjustment unit is simple, and the structure is regular and orderly, which guarantees the aesthetic appearance of the structure.

[0071] In an implementable scheme, as shown in Figure 2 and 3 When the gain adjustment unit 3 is a rectangular structure, the first predetermined direction is the length direction, and the second predetermined direction is the width direction;

[0072] The interval range corresponding to the first preset interval is 0.003mm-5mm; for example, the first preset interval can be set to 3mm.

[0073] The interval range corresponding to the second preset interval is 0.003mm-5mm; for example, the second preset interval can be set to 0.3mm.

[0074] In the present disclosure, the specific arrangement interval range of the metal wires in the length direction and the width direction of the gain adjustment unit of the rectangular structure is explicitly constrained, and within the constraint range, the formed electric field direction can be guaranteed to be parallel to the electric field direction of the electromagnetic wave in the preset direction, and an enhanced electric field can be more effectively formed to achieve the effect of high gain of the electromagnetic wave in the set direction.

[0075] In addition, by further constraining the specific interval of the gain adjustment unit of the rectangular structure in the length and width directions, it is further guaranteed that the formed electric field direction is parallel to the electric field direction of the electromagnetic wave in the preset direction, and an enhanced electric field can be more effectively formed to achieve the effect of high gain of the electromagnetic wave in the set direction.

[0076] In an implementable scheme, the widths of different metal wires 4 are the same;

[0077] The width range corresponding to the width is 0.003mm-5mm; for example, the width can be set to 0.3mm.

[0078] In an implementable scheme, the materials of different metal wires 4 are the same; of course, the materials of different metal wires 4 can also be different.

[0079] Of course, the width and material of each metal wire 4 can also be set separately according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of flexible design.

[0080] The same setting of the material and equal interval of different metal wires can maintain unified process and technology, thereby effectively saving production cost.

[0081] In the present disclosure, the width range of the metal wires in the length direction and the width direction of the gain adjustment unit is explicitly constrained, and within the constraint range, the formed electric field direction can be guaranteed to be parallel to the electric field direction of the electromagnetic wave in the preset direction, and an enhanced electric field can be more effectively formed to achieve the effect of high gain of the electromagnetic wave in the set direction; in addition, the widths of the metal wires in the length direction and the width direction are constrained to be the same, which also makes the structure regular and orderly to a certain extent, and guarantees the aesthetic appearance of the structure.

[0082] In an implementable scheme, the gain adjustment unit 3 is arranged to coincide with the carrier 2, as shown in FIG. 1. Figures 1-3As shown, the gain adjustment unit 3 and the carrier 2 are both rectangular structures, and are arranged in coincidence; or the gain adjustment unit 3 is arranged in a partial region of the carrier 2.

[0083] Specifically, the shape and size of the gain adjustment unit 3 are generally designed according to the shape and size of the carrier 2. For example, if the carrier 2 is a rectangular structure of size A, the gain adjustment unit 3 is also a rectangular structure of size A; or if the carrier 2 is a triangular structure of size B, the gain adjustment unit 3 is also a triangular structure of size B, so as to just cover one side of the carrier 2; or the gain adjustment unit 3 can be slightly smaller than the carrier 2.

[0084] Of course, the shape of the carrier 2 can also be different from the shape of the gain adjustment unit 3. For example, the carrier 2 is a rectangular structure of size A, and the gain adjustment unit 3 is a triangular structure.

[0085] In the present disclosure, the gain adjustment unit is not limited to a certain specific shape, and can be flexibly designed to be any shape that can meet the use requirements, so as to meet the use requirements of different actual scenes.

[0086] In an implementable scheme, the carrier 2 includes a flat plate structure, and the preset surface is one side of the flat plate structure. For details, refer to Figure 2 .

[0087] In the present disclosure, the carrier is a flat plate structure, and the preset surface is one side of the flat plate structure. At this time, the gain adjustment unit is also a flat plate structure arranged on the flat plate structure, so that the structure is simple, the space volume is small, and the appearance is beautiful.

[0088] In an implementable scheme, the gain adjustment unit 3 is arranged on the carrier 2 by using a copper-clad plate etching method (FPC or PCB preparation process; wherein FPC or PCB is a process technology), an additive method, a metal pad printing method (for example, the metal is silver, and silver paste is pad printed on a plastic shell or other insulating material), a metal spray printing method (for example, the metal is silver), a metal printing method (for example, the metal is silver), a conductive ink printing method, an in-mold injection method, a vacuum plating method, etc.

[0089] In the present disclosure, the gain adjustment unit is combined to the carrier by using the above process preparation method, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the structure and the appearance.

[0090] Embodiment 3

[0091] As shown in Figure 6 , the gain adjustment module 5 of the present disclosure includes at least one substrate structure 1 in the above embodiments, and a fixing structure 6 for fixing the substrate structure 1.

[0092] Specifically, the gain adjustment module 5 is arranged in the communication device (i.e. the antenna device), which can be arranged at the periphery of the antenna radiation unit in the communication device, or placed between two antenna radiation units (i.e. the two antenna radiation units share one gain adjustment module 5).

[0093] The specific distance between the gain adjustment module and the antenna radiation unit in the communication device can be set or adjusted according to actual conditions. Preferably, the overall thickness of the gain adjustment module 5 and its distance from the antenna radiation unit should be less than or equal to a preset range (e.g. the preset range is determined based on one fourth of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, which can be slightly larger than one fourth of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, or slightly smaller than one fourth of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave), i.e. the gain adjustment module 5 needs to be arranged within a certain position range to ensure the gain effect of the antenna.

[0094] The shape of the substrate structure 1 can be set according to different frequency bands of the communication device, and the number and relative distance of the substrate structures 1 arranged in the gain adjustment module 5 can also have different combinations according to the frequency band and form of the communication device. The specific setting and combination can be determined according to actual needs, which will not be described here.

[0095] The shape and size of the substrate structure 1 are matched with the shape and size of the antenna radiation unit; preferably, the shape and size of the substrate structure 1 are close to (equal to or larger than) the shape and size of the antenna radiation unit.

[0096] In addition, the fixing structure 6 can be set according to actual needs, as long as it can fix the corresponding substrate structure.

[0097] For example, as shown in Figure 7 , the fixing structure 6 can include at least one fixing component, each fixing component corresponding to a substrate structure, and ensuring that the different substrate structures are arranged in parallel and / or equidistant;

[0098] As shown in Figure 8 , the fixing structure 6 includes a first housing a and a second housing b, Figure 8 In order to keep the first housing a and the second housing b in an open state, three substrate structures 11, 12 and 13 are arranged between the fixing structures, and the substrate structures 11 and 12 are fixed to the inner side surfaces of the first housing a and the second housing b (e.g. fixed by double-sided adhesive tape); Figure 9 As shown in Figure 10 , the structure state of the first housing a and the second housing b after being closed, at this time, the closed part of the first housing a and the second housing b presses the substrate structure 13, so that the substrate structure 13 is fixed.Another overall appearance structure after the first shell a and the second shell b are closed; wherein the first shell a and the second shell b are both plastic materials.

[0099] For example, as Figure 11 shown, the fixing structure 6 can also be a hollow columnar structure, and a plurality of groups of parallel groove structures c are arranged on the inner side wall of the hollow columnar structure. By respectively inserting the substrate structures into the groove structures, the effect of being arranged in parallel and equidistantly in sequence along the same direction can be achieved.

[0100] Of course, the fixing structure 6 is not limited to the above-mentioned manner, and can also be any structure as long as it can achieve a good fixing effect on the substrate structure, which will not be described here.

[0101] In this scheme, the gain adjustment module is provided with the above-mentioned substrate structure, so that each substrate structure is polarized under the influence of an external electromagnetic field after power-on, and an enhanced electric field is formed in the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation, so as to achieve the effect of improving the gain in this direction. In this way, the communication device does not need to add an antenna radiation unit, which reduces the investment cost and does not change the original size of the communication device, thereby ensuring the application scenarios of the communication device. That is, the purpose of high-gain antenna is achieved by a low-cost simple structure, which effectively provides the overall product performance of the communication device.

[0102] Embodiment 4

[0103] As Figure 12 shown, the communication device 7 of this embodiment includes the gain adjustment module 5 in the above-mentioned embodiments. The communication device includes an antenna device and the like.

[0104] As Figure 13 shown, regular-shaped metal wires are arranged in each substrate structure of the gain adjustment module (such as Figures 2-5 ), and each substrate structure is arranged in the direction shown in the figure. Preferably, each substrate structure is arranged equidistantly in the same direction, and of course there can be a certain distance offset. In this way, the direction of the electric field formed is parallel to the direction of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave in the preset direction, thereby achieving the effect of improving the gain of the antenna.

[0105] As Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown, regular-shaped or irregular-shaped metal wires are arranged in each substrate structure of the gain adjustment module (such as Figure 14 irregular shape in Figure 15 , a regular square shape, and of course any other structure that can be achieved, which will not be described here), and each substrate structure is arranged in the direction shown in the figure. Preferably, each substrate structure is arranged equidistantly in the same direction, and of course there can be a certain distance offset.

[0106] by Figure 15 Taking the substrate structure shown as an example, the principle of its gain improvement is explained:

[0107] for Figure 15 For each square in the combination Figure 16 d1 is the electric field direction corresponding to the electromagnetic wave in the preset direction. This direction is parallel to the side of the square. The square metal structure can enhance the electric field in this direction. d2 is the magnetic field direction of the electromagnetic wave passing through the square in the preset direction. The square metal structure can enhance the magnetic field in this direction. That is, the substrate structure achieves a projection that is parallel to the incoming wave electric field in a certain direction and perpendicular to the incoming wave magnetic field in another direction. This allows the antenna gain to be improved by cutting through the metal structure on the substrate structure with magnetic flux.

[0108] Specifically, the communication device 7 may include one or more gain adjustment modules 5, which can be configured according to the antenna radiating element. The gain adjustment module 5 may be specifically designed according to the standardized installation interface of different communication devices 7 to achieve a good adaptation effect and realize a higher gain.

[0109] In addition, the placement, quantity, and distance of the gain adjustment module 5 from the antenna radiating element in the communication device 7 can be determined based on the frequency band of the communication device 7, simulation, actual testing, etc., thereby changing the antenna pattern and achieving a better gain improvement effect.

[0110] The following table illustrates this (Gain represents gain, Freq represents frequency):

[0111] Before gain adjustment module After gain adjustment module Gain increase value Freq (MHz) Gain (dBi) Gain (dBi) Gain (dBi) 5200 5.05 7.99 2.94 5300 5.41 8.32 2.91 5400 6.18 8.89 2.71 5500 6.28 9.04 2.76 5600 6.23 9.37 3.14 5700 6.53 9.75 3.22 5800 5.81 9.14 3.33

[0112] Referring to the table above, which shows the gain test data before and after adding the gain adjustment module, it can be seen that the gain increase varies slightly at different frequencies, and the gain increase is above 2dBi across the entire frequency band. This means that the antenna gain can be effectively improved to a certain extent with lower cost and a simpler structure.

[0113] It should be noted that, depending on the internal structure of the communication equipment, each substrate structure in the circuit board structure can be installed separately in the communication equipment, relying on the structure of the communication equipment to act as a fixed steel structure to achieve the effect of fixation.

[0114] In the scheme, the gain adjustment module is arranged in the communication device, so that each upper substrate structure is polarized under the influence of the applied electromagnetic field after power-on, and the electromagnetic wave forms an enhanced electric field in the direction of propagation, so as to achieve the effect of improving the gain in the direction, for example, the gain of the single antenna can be improved to more than 2dBi; in this way, the communication device does not need to add an antenna radiation unit, which reduces the investment cost and does not change the original size of the communication device, ensuring the application scene of the communication device, that is, the purpose of high gain of the antenna is achieved by a low-cost simple structure, effectively providing the overall product performance of the communication device.

[0115] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A substrate structure, characterized by, The substrate structure is applied to a communication device, and the substrate structure comprises a carrier and a gain adjustment unit arranged on a preset surface of the carrier, the preset surface is arranged towards an antenna radiation unit in the communication device. The carrier comprises an insulator, and the gain adjustment unit comprises a conductor.

2. The substrate structure of claim 1, wherein, The direction of the electric field formed in the gain adjustment unit is parallel to the direction of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave in the preset direction. The gain adjustment unit comprises a plurality of metal wires arranged in a preset arrangement mode.

3. The substrate structure of claim 2, wherein, The metal wires comprise metal wires of regular shapes or irregular shapes.

4. The substrate structure of claim 3, wherein, The regular shapes comprise rectangular shapes, square shapes, triangular shapes, circular shapes, elliptical shapes, diamond shapes, and shapes in a cross structure. The irregular shapes comprise any irregular shape other than the regular shapes.

5. The substrate structure of any of claims 2-4, wherein, The gain adjustment unit comprises a plurality of metal wires arranged in sequence and in parallel along a first preset direction and arranged in sequence and in interval along a second preset direction.

6. The substrate structure of claim 5, wherein, The metal wires in the first preset direction are arranged at equal intervals based on a first preset interval. The metal wires in the second preset direction are arranged at equal intervals based on a second preset interval.

7. The substrate structure of claim 6, wherein, When the gain adjustment unit is in a rectangular structure, the first preset direction is the length direction. The first preset interval corresponds to an interval range of 0.003mm-5mm. The second preset interval corresponds to an interval range of 0.003mm-5mm. The widths of different metal wires are the same. The materials of different metal wires are the same.

8. The substrate structure of claim 2, wherein, The gain adjustment unit is arranged in coincidence with the carrier, or the gain adjustment unit is arranged in a local area of the carrier. The carrier comprises a flat plate structure, and the preset surface is a side surface of the flat plate structure. The gain adjustment unit is arranged on the carrier by using any one of the following methods: a copper-clad plate etching method, an additive method, a metal pad printing method, a metal spray printing method, a metal printing method, a conductive ink printing method, an in-mold injection method, and a vacuum plating method.

9. The substrate structure of claim 1, wherein, The gain adjustment module comprises at least one substrate structure as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, and a fixing structure for fixing the substrate structure.

10. A gain adjustment module, comprising: The communication device comprises the gain adjustment module as claimed in claim 10.

11. A communication device, characterized by ​

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