Visual intervertebral drill bit and drilling tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a visual intervertebral drill bit which is mainly composed of a hollow drill rod and a drill bit body installed at the end of the hollow drill rod, and an endoscope is arranged in the drill bit body. One end, far away from the drill rod, of the drill bit is sequentially provided with a circular truncated cone and a cylinder, the large end of the circular truncated cone is connected with the cylinder, the small end of the circular truncated cone is provided with a positioning ring, and an inner ring (provided with a plurality of positioning teeth) and an outer ring (provided with a plurality of inverted-V-shaped end cutting edges) are arranged below the positioning ring. In addition, a spiral cutting edge and an inclined cutting edge are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the circular truncated cone from the small end to the large end, and grinding protrusions are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder and arranged on the convex strips at equal intervals in a staggered mode. The utility model further provides a drilling tool, the drilling tool is provided with the visual intervertebral drill bit and further comprises a handle matched with the drill rod in an inserted mode, the handle is of a hemispherical cage-shaped structure, a plurality of round holes and pits are formed in the outer surface of the handle, and a channel communicated with an inner cavity of the drill rod is arranged in the handle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of spine and intervertebral disc surgical operation, concretely relates to a visual intervertebral drill bit and drilling tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of minimally invasive spine surgery technology, transforaminal endoscopic surgery has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of intervertebral disc, nerve root and dural sac lesions. Transforaminal endoscopic surgery is similar to endoscopy, and its core is a tubular instrument with a light source, which usually enters the intervertebral foramen from the side or the side of the patient at a parallel or inclined angle. After entering, the operator can directly observe the surgical site in the safe working triangle, so that the protruding nucleus pulposus, compressed nerve root, dural sac and hyperplastic bone tissue can be clearly observed under the direct vision of the endoscope, and various surgical instruments (such as forceps, drills, radiofrequency electrodes, etc.) are used to remove tissue, clean bone and repair annulus fibrosus.

[0003] In transforaminal endoscopic surgery, the formation and expansion of intervertebral foramen are the key steps to ensure the establishment of working channel, and this process often relies on drill bit. In the posterior cervical spine double-door or single-door surgery, single cortical slotting operation is also required, that is, only one side of the bone cortex and bone density is drilled through, and the opposite side of the bone cortex is kept intact. At present, the drill bit with spiral cutting edge is commonly used for slotting, but in the actual operation process, the spinal cord and nerve root are adjacent to the front of the vertebral plate, and once the drill bit penetrates the opposite side of the bone cortex, it is easy to cause spinal cord and nerve root injury, resulting in surgical failure and even serious complications. Traditional drill instruments rely on external scales or indirect images (such as fluoroscopy or CT navigation) to assist in judging the drilling depth, but in actual surgery, due to the complexity of anatomical structure and limited field of view, inaccurate depth control can easily lead to drilling too deep or deviating from the predetermined trajectory, increasing the risk of surgery. In addition, due to the interference of bone chips, soft tissue debris and surgical fluid during drilling, the endoscopic field of view is easy to blur, making it difficult for the operator to accurately judge the drilling process and the surrounding tissue under real-time monitoring, thereby affecting the safety and success rate of the operation.

[0004] Therefore, the development of a visual intervertebral drill bit and drilling tool has significant significance and broad clinical application prospects for improving surgical safety, reducing the risk of complications and shortening the operation time. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] The utility model aims at providing a visual intervertebral drill bit and drilling tool, which can realize efficient, stable and accurate cutting of bone tissue in transforaminal reaming and single cortical slotting surgery through real-time observation of endoscope and accurate mechanical positioning, effectively prevent penetration of the opposite side of the bone cortex under the premise of ensuring safe operation, reduce the risk of spinal cord and nerve root injury, and significantly improve the success rate and safety of the operation.

[0006] The utility model discloses a technical scheme that solves the above problems is: a visual intervertebral drill bit and drilling tool, including hollow drill rod and the drill bit of setting at the end of drill rod, is provided with endoscope in the drill bit, the drill bit include by the end away from the drill rod and set in proper order have round table and cylinder, and the big end of round table is connected with cylinder, and the small end of round table is provided with the positioning ring, and the inner ring and outer ring are provided with below positioning ring, and the inner ring is peripherally arranged with a plurality of positioning teeth, and the outer ring is peripherally arranged with a plurality of end cutting edges, and the outer periphery of round table is provided with helical cutting edge and the inclined cutting edge in proper order from small end to big end, and the outer surface of cylinder is arranged with grinding protrusions.

[0007] Preferably: the center of the positioning ring is rotatably provided with a light-transmitting sheet, the light-transmitting sheet is fixed below the lens of the endoscope, and two groups of scraping strips are arranged on the lower surface of the light-transmitting sheet, one end of each scraping strip is suspended and attached to the light-transmitting sheet, and the other end is fixed to the positioning ring.

[0008] Preferably: the surface of the cylinder is peripherally arranged with protrusions at equal intervals, and the grinding protrusions are arranged on the protrusions at equal intervals, and the grinding protrusions on adjacent protrusions are arranged alternately.

[0009] Preferably: the drill rod is provided with scale marks, including scale lines and corresponding scale values.

[0010] Preferably: the end cutting edge adopts an inverted V-shaped cross-section blade edge.

[0011] A drilling tool, characterized in that: it comprises the visual intervertebral drill bit, and further comprises a handle adapted to be inserted into the drill rod, the handle is provided with a socket, and the end of the drill rod away from the drill bit is provided with a plug adapted to be inserted into the socket, and the handle is provided with a channel communicated with the inner cavity of the drill rod.

[0012] Preferably: the handle adopts a semi-spherical cage structure, a plurality of circular holes are arranged on the outer surface of the handle, and a plurality of recesses are arranged at the edges of the circular holes.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and effects:

[0014] The utility model discloses a technical scheme that solves the above problems is: a visual intervertebral drill bit and drilling tool, including hollow drill rod and the drill bit of setting at the end of drill rod, is provided with endoscope in the drill bit, the drill bit include by the end away from the drill rod and set in proper order have round table and cylinder, and the big end of round table is connected with cylinder, and the small end of round table is provided with the positioning ring, and the inner ring and outer ring are provided with below positioning ring, and the inner ring is peripherally arranged with a plurality of positioning teeth, and the outer ring is peripherally arranged with a plurality of end cutting edges, and the outer periphery of round table is provided with helical cutting edge and the inclined cutting edge in proper order from small end to big end, and the outer surface of cylinder is arranged with grinding protrusions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the visual intervertebral drill bit of the utility model embodiment 1.

[0016] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the drill bit of the embodiment 1 of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 is a sectional view of the drill bit of the embodiment 1 of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 is a plane structure schematic diagram of the drill bit of the embodiment 1 of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 5 is a structure schematic diagram of the drill rod of the embodiment 1 of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the local enlarged view.

[0021] Figure 7 is a structure schematic diagram of the drill of the embodiment 2 of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 8 is a structure schematic diagram of the handle of the embodiment 2 of the utility model.

[0023] Figure number: drill rod 11, drill bit 12, endoscope 13, round table 14, cylinder 15, positioning ring 16, positioning tooth 17, end cutting edge 18, spiral cutting edge 20, inclined cutting edge 21, grinding protrusion 22, display device 23, convex strip 31, light transmission sheet 32, scraping strip 33, scale mark 34, scale line 35, scale value 36, drill 41, handle 42, socket 43, plug 44, passageway 45, round hole 46, recess 47. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The utility model will be further explained in detail in combination with the drawings and through the embodiment, and the following embodiment is the explanation of the utility model, and the utility model is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0025] Embodiment 1: refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4In the embodiment, a visual intervertebral drill bit 12 and a drill 41 are mainly applied to the reaming, single cortical slotting and precise cutting operation of the intervertebral foramen in the intervertebral foramen mirror surgery. The drill bit 12 structure mainly includes: a hollow drill rod 11 and a drill bit 12 arranged at the end of the drill rod 11, an endoscope 13 arranged in the drill bit 12, the drill bit 12 includes a circular truncated cone 14 and a circular cylinder 15 arranged in sequence from the end away from the drill rod 11, the large end of the circular truncated cone 14 is connected with the circular cylinder 15, the small end of the circular truncated cone 14 is provided with a positioning ring 16, the lower part of the positioning ring 16 is provided with an inner ring and an outer ring, a plurality of positioning teeth 17 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner ring, a plurality of end cutting edges 18 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer ring, the outer periphery of the circular truncated cone 14 is sequentially provided with a spiral cutting edge 20 and an inclined cutting edge 21 from the small end to the large end, and a grinding protrusion 22 is arranged on the outer surface of the circular cylinder 15.

[0026] Specifically, in the embodiment, the drill bit 12 is installed at the front end of the hollow drill rod 11, the inner cavity of the drill rod 11 is in communication with the optical system of the endoscope 13, so that the lens of the endoscope 13 can accurately capture and transmit the real-time image of the operation area. During the operation, the doctor directly observes the target area through the endoscopic display device 23, and ensures the precise control of the drilling direction and depth. The end away from the drill rod 11 of the drill bit 12 is sequentially provided with the circular truncated cone 14 and the circular cylinder 15. The large end of the circular truncated cone 14 is connected with the circular cylinder 15, and the small end of the circular truncated cone 14 is provided with the positioning ring 16. Through this structure, when the drill bit 12 enters the bone tissue, the positioning ring 16 can be in close contact with the surface of the intervertebral bone structure, providing stable mechanical support to prevent the drill bit 12 from deviating or slipping during high-speed rotation, thereby greatly improving the positioning accuracy and cutting stability. The lower part of the positioning ring 16 is provided with an inner ring and an outer ring. A plurality of positioning teeth 17 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner ring, which can form a small occlusion with the bone surface to real-time feedback the contact between the drill bit 12 and the bone tissue;

[0027] The outer ring is provided with a plurality of end cutting edges 18, the end cutting edges 18 adopt inverted V-shaped cross-section blade edges, which can rapidly break through the bone cortex in the initial cutting stage, while reducing the cutting resistance to ensure the smooth and precise cutting process. The outer periphery of the circular truncated cone 14 is sequentially provided with the spiral cutting edge 20 and the inclined cutting edge 21 from the small end to the large end. The spiral cutting edge 20 mainly plays a role in preliminary cutting and spiral feeding, so that the drill bit 12 can continuously and gradually enter the bone tissue during rotation; the inclined cutting edge 21 assists in forming a neat slotting edge, especially in single cortical slotting operation, which can effectively prevent accidental penetration of the opposite bone cortex, ensuring the safety of the operation. The grinding protrusions 22 (made of high-hardness ceramic) on the outer surface of the circular cylinder 15 are used to moderately polish and smooth the surface of the intervertebral foramen bone, which is beneficial to the filling effect (such as injecting bone cement) at the notch after the operation. The surface of the circular cylinder 15 is circumferentially arranged with protrusions 31, the grinding protrusions 22 are arranged on the protrusions 31 at equal intervals, and the grinding protrusions 22 on adjacent protrusions 31 are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0028] A light-transmitting sheet 32 is arranged at the center of the positioning ring 16 and fixed below the lens of the endoscope 13, which ensures that the endoscope 13 can obtain clear and stable images. In order to prevent blood, bone chips or other impurities from adhering to the light-transmitting sheet 32 during the operation, thereby affecting the field of view, two groups of scraping strips 33 are arranged on the lower surface of the light-transmitting sheet 32. One end of each group of scraping strips 33 is suspended and attached to the light-transmitting sheet 32, and can automatically scrape off the adhering matter from the light-transmitting surface during drilling; the other end is fixed firmly on the positioning ring 16. Specifically, when the drill bit 12 rotates relative to the light-transmitting sheet 32, the positioning ring 16 drives the scraping strips 33 to rotate and scrape the outer surface of the light-transmitting sheet 32. The two scraping strips 33 are designed to be obliquely staggered, so that the scraped impurities can spread along the scraping strips 33 facing the outer periphery, ensuring the clarity of the field of view during the operation, so that the doctor can monitor the drilling process in real time and ensure accurate operation.

[0029] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the drill rod 11 is provided with a scale mark 34, including a scale line 35 and a corresponding scale value 36. The smallest scale unit is 1 cm, the smallest scale value 36 is 5 cm, and the largest scale value 36 is 20 cm. The doctor can read the depth of the drill bit 12 into the bone according to the scale mark 34 during operation, thereby preventing the drill bit 12 from penetrating too deeply into the opposite cortical bone and avoiding damage to the spinal cord and nerve roots, while providing intuitive depth feedback for surgical operation, significantly improving safety and success rate.

[0030] Embodiment 2: Referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , based on embodiment 1, the embodiment further provides a drill 41, which comprises a visible intervertebral drill bit 12 as described in embodiment 1, and a handle 42 adapted to be inserted into the drill rod 11. The handle 42 is provided with a socket 43, and the end of the drill rod 11 away from the drill bit 12 is provided with a plug 44 adapted to be inserted into the socket 43. The handle 42 is provided with a channel 45 in communication with the inner cavity of the drill rod 11, and the channel 45 is used for the insertion of the endoscope 13 and the wire harness. The handle 42 adopts a semi-spherical cage structure, and a plurality of round holes 46 are arranged on the outer surface of the handle 42, and a plurality of recesses 47 are arranged at the edges. The round holes 46 can reduce the weight of the handle 42, and the doctor's fingers can be easily inserted to facilitate grasping and exerting force, and the recesses 47 can increase the friction when the hand holds the handle 42, thereby reducing the phenomenon of slipping when the handle 42 is driven to rotate.

[0031] Specifically, in actual operation, the specific drilling operation steps usually include: the whole drill 41 is sterilized in advance, the wire bundle of the endoscope 13 is connected with the display device 23, and debugging is performed to ensure that the image transmission is clear and stable; the drill bit 12 is inserted into the intervertebral foramen area of the patient through a suitable surgical incision, the accurate contact of the drill bit 12 with the target bone tissue is observed and confirmed through the endoscope 13, and stable positioning is realized by using the positioning ring 16 and the positioning teeth 17; the drill 41 is held by the handle 42, the drill rod 11 is driven to rotate for cutting, and the bone is gradually cut by using the outer peripheral spiral of the circular table 14 and the inclined cutting edge 21, during which the scraping strip 33 below the light transmission sheet 32 continuously removes the attached objects to ensure that the observation field of view is always clear; the drilling depth is adjusted in real time according to the drill rod scale mark to prevent accidental penetration, and the cutting is stopped after reaching the predetermined depth.

[0032] The above described in the specification of the present application is only an example of the present application. Those skilled in the art of the present application can make various modifications or supplements or use similar ways to replace the described specific embodiments, as long as they do not deviate from the content of the specification of the present application or exceed the scope defined by the claims, and should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A visual intervertebral drill bit comprising a hollow drill shaft and a drill bit disposed at an end of the drill shaft, the drill bit having an endoscope disposed therein, characterized in that, The drill bit comprises a circular truncated cone and a cylinder which are sequentially arranged away from one end of a drill rod, the large end of the circular truncated cone is connected with the cylinder, the small end of the circular truncated cone is provided with a positioning ring, an inner ring and an outer ring are arranged below the positioning ring, a plurality of positioning teeth are arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner ring, a plurality of end cutting edges are arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer ring, a spiral cutting edge and an inclined cutting edge are sequentially arranged on the outer periphery of the circular truncated cone from the small end to the large end, and grinding protrusions are arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder.

2. The visual intervertebral drill bit of claim 1, wherein: The center of the positioning ring is rotationally provided with a light-transmitting sheet, the light-transmitting sheet is fixed below the lens of the endoscope, and two groups of scraping strips are arranged on the lower surface of the light-transmitting sheet, one end of the scraping strip is suspended and attached to the light-transmitting sheet, and the other end is fixed on the positioning ring.

3. The visual intervertebral drill bit of claim 1, wherein: The surface of the cylinder is circumferentially arranged with protrusions at equal intervals, and the grinding protrusions on adjacent protrusions are arranged alternately.

4. The visual intervertebral drill bit of claim 1, wherein: The drill rod is provided with a scale mark, including a scale line and a corresponding scale value.

5. The visual intervertebral drill bit of claim 1 wherein: The end cutting edge adopts an inverted V-shaped cross-section blade edge.

6. A drill, characterized by: The visual intervertebral drill bit comprises a handle which is adapted to be inserted into the drill rod, the handle is provided with a socket, the end of the drill rod away from the drill bit is provided with a plug which is adapted to be inserted into the socket, and the handle is provided with a channel which is in communication with the inner cavity of the drill rod.

7. A drill according to claim 6, wherein: The handle adopts a semi-spherical cage structure, a plurality of circular holes are arranged on the outer surface of the handle, and a plurality of recesses are arranged at the edges.

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