Porous multi-axis intramedullary nail based on intertrochanteric fracture

Abstract

The utility model discloses a porous multi-axis intramedullary nail based on intertrochanteric fracture, which comprises an intramedullary nail main body, a locking piece is arranged on the intramedullary nail main body, and an anti-loosening piece is arranged between the intramedullary nail main body and the locking piece; the intramedullary nail body comprises a near-end nail section and a far-end nail section, and a near-end locking screw hole is formed in the near-end nail section. A near-end locking screw hole and a far-end locking screw hole are designed to be provided with multiple holes in different planes, proper paths of a locking nail A and a locking nail B can be selected according to the fracture form and bone distribution, the fixing firmness is improved, stronger three-dimensional fixing is achieved, and strength weakening of the intramedullary nail can be reduced; the locking nail A and the locking nail C are limited through the anti-loosening piece, the locking nail A and the locking nail C are prevented from loosening and falling off, the connecting stability of the locking nail A and the locking nail C and the near-end nail section is improved, the locking nail is particularly suitable for comminuted and complex intertrochanteric fracture and osteoporosis patients, and the risks of sinking, cutting or loosening of the locking nail A and the locking nail C are reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the intramedullary nail technical field, especially to a porous multi-axle intramedullary nail based on femoral intertrochanteric fracture. BACKGROUND

[0002] Femur is also called thigh bone, hip bone and thigh, which is the longest tubular bone in human body. The upper end of femur forms hip joint with acetabulum, and the lower end forms knee joint with patella and upper end of tibia, which supports the whole body weight.

[0003] Femoral intertrochanteric fracture is one of the common types of hip fractures in the elderly. Because this part bears a large load, and is often seen in patients with osteoporosis, the internal fixation stability is required to be higher. The existing treatment methods mainly use proximal femoral intramedullary nails (such as PFNA, Gamma Nail, INTERTAN, etc.) or dynamic hip screw (DHS) and the like.

[0004] The conventional nail such as PFNA usually reserves a main nail hole or a spiral blade hole for fixing track at the proximal end of the nail body, and the hole angle is fixed in advance. On the one hand, if the fracture line is located in the bone region through which the main nail hole or the blade passes, the holding force of the screw / blade is insufficient, and complications such as screw cutting, loosening or rotation instability may occur. On the other hand, when the osteoporosis or comminuted intertrochanteric fracture occurs, the space for the surgeon to select the proximal screw (blade) placement position is often limited.

[0005] The patent document with publication number CN108125712B discloses a new type of femoral intramedullary nail, which can use the proximal three-nail fixation when fixing a part of the comminuted fracture by moving the lowermost transverse locking hole of the proximal end downward. Meanwhile, if the proximal femoral neck fixation is difficult, a slanted femoral neck locking nail and a transverse locking nail can be used to fix the proximal femoral neck, which makes the surgical options more; two locking holes located in different planes are arranged between the two transverse locking holes at the distal end, which makes the distal locking more firm through the multi-plane fixation method; a variety of locking methods can be provided on the same intramedullary nail, which improves the biomechanical strength after the operation and is beneficial to the operation effect and the recovery of the patient.

[0006] Although the above-mentioned new type of femoral intramedullary nail can solve the corresponding technical problems, the locking nail may be loose after a long time of use, which changes the position of the locking nail in the femoral neck, affects the effect of fracture reduction, and even causes secondary fracture of the femoral head and femoral neck or intramedullary fixation failure.

[0007] Therefore, a porous multi-axle intramedullary nail based on femoral intertrochanteric fracture is proposed. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0008] The utility model discloses a kind of porous multi-axle intramedullary nails based on intertrochanteric fracture of femur, to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the main technical scheme including:

[0010] A kind of porous multi-axle intramedullary nail based on intertrochanteric fracture of femur, comprising:

[0011] For the intramedullary nail body of femoral intertrochanteric fracture fixation, locking piece is arranged thereon, and anti-loosening piece is arranged between the intramedullary nail body and the locking piece;

[0012] The intramedullary nail body includes proximal nail segment and distal nail segment, proximal locking screw hole is arranged on the proximal nail segment, and distal locking screw hole is arranged on the distal nail segment;

[0013] The anti-loosening piece includes a receptacle formed in the inner center of the proximal nail segment, a plug rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the receptacle, the plug rod is inserted into the locking piece, a threaded hole is formed in the top of the proximal nail segment and communicates with the receptacle, a threaded hole is formed in the inner cavity of the threaded hole, and a threaded hole is formed in the inner cavity of the threaded hole.

[0014] As a preferred technical scheme, the locking piece includes locking pin A, locking pin B and locking pin C, the locking pin A and the locking pin C are arranged in the proximal locking screw hole, and the locking pin B is arranged in the distal locking screw hole.

[0015] As a preferred technical scheme, the locking pin A and the locking pin C are respectively provided with a positioning hole for the plug rod to pass through, and the surface of the plug rod is slidably connected with the inner wall surface of the positioning hole.

[0016] As a preferred technical scheme, the proximal locking screw hole includes locking hole A, locking hole B, locking hole C and locking hole D arranged on the proximal nail segment from top to bottom, locking pin A is screwed into the inner cavity of the locking hole A, the locking hole C and the locking hole D, respectively, the locking pin C is threadedly connected to the inner cavity of the locking hole B, and the locking hole A, the locking hole B, the locking hole C and the locking hole D communicate with the receptacle.

[0017] As a preferred technical scheme, the locking hole A is downwardly inclined from top to bottom, the locking hole B is upwardly inclined from bottom to top, the locking hole C and the locking hole D are horizontally locked, the locking direction of the locking hole A and the locking hole B is in the same plane, the locking direction of the locking hole A, the locking hole C and the locking hole D is not in the same plane, and a through hole is formed in the locking pin C for the end portion of the locking pin A located in the locking hole A to pass through.

[0018] As a preferred technical scheme, the distal end locking screw hole comprises, from top to bottom, a locking hole E, a locking hole F, a locking hole G and a locking hole H arranged on the distal end nail segment in sequence, and the locking hole E and the locking hole H are respectively screwed with a locking nail B.

[0019] As a preferred technical scheme, the locking hole E, the locking hole F, the locking hole G and the locking hole H are transversely locked, the locking direction of the locking hole E and the groove is in the same plane, and the locking directions of the locking hole E, the locking hole F and the locking hole H are not in the same plane.

[0020] As a preferred technical scheme, the distal end nail segment is further provided with a groove, and the groove is located below the locking hole H.

[0021] As a preferred technical scheme, one end of the stud away from the inserting rod is fixedly connected with a knob, the proximal end nail segment is provided with a counterbore in communication with the screw hole, and the knob is arranged in the counterbore.

[0022] The utility model at least has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] According to the application, the proximal end locking screw hole and the distal end locking screw hole are respectively designed as multi-holes in different planes, appropriate locking nail A and locking nail B paths can be selected according to the fracture morphology and bone distribution, the fixing firmness is improved, stronger three-dimensional fixation is realized, and the strength of the intramedullary nail itself is weakened; the locking nail A and the locking nail C are limited by the anti-loosening piece, the locking nail A and the locking nail C are prevented from loosening and falling off, the stability of the connection between the locking nail A, the locking nail C and the proximal end nail segment is improved, and the application is especially suitable for comminuted, complex intertrochanteric fractures and osteoporosis patients, and the sinking, cutting or loosening risk of the locking nail A and the locking nail C is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Fig. 1 It is a structure schematic view of the multi-hole multi-axial intramedullary nail based on the intertrochanteric fracture of the femur;

[0025] Fig. 2 It is a structure schematic view of the intramedullary nail body of the multi-hole multi-axial intramedullary nail based on the intertrochanteric fracture of the femur;

[0026] Fig. 3 It is a structure sectional view schematic view of the proximal end nail segment, the locking nail A, the locking nail C and the anti-loosening piece of the multi-hole multi-axial intramedullary nail based on the intertrochanteric fracture of the femur.

[0027] In the figure: 100, intramedullary nail body; 110, proximal nail segment; 111, locking hole A; 112, locking hole B; 113, locking hole C; 114, locking hole D; 120, distal nail segment; 121, locking hole E; 122, locking hole F; 123, locking hole G; 124, locking hole H; 125, groove; 200, locking piece; 210, locking pin A; 211, positioning hole; 220, locking pin B; 230, locking pin C; 231, through hole; 300, anti-loosening piece; 310, insertion hole; 320, insertion rod; 330, screw hole; 340, stud; 350, knob; 360, counterbore. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] Please refer to Figs. 1-3 The embodiment of the present application provides a porous multi-axial intramedullary nail based on femoral intertrochanteric fracture, which comprises an intramedullary nail body 100 for femoral intertrochanteric fracture fixation, a locking piece 200 and an anti-loosening piece 300. The locking piece 200 is arranged on the intramedullary nail body 100, and the anti-loosening piece 300 is arranged between the intramedullary nail body 100 and the locking piece 200. The intramedullary nail body 100 comprises a proximal nail segment 110 and a distal nail segment 120. The proximal nail segment 110 is provided with a proximal locking screw hole, and the distal nail segment 120 is provided with a distal locking screw hole. The anti-loosening piece 300 comprises an insertion hole 310 arranged at the center of the interior of the proximal nail segment 110. An insertion rod 320 is arranged in the inner cavity of the insertion hole 310. The insertion rod 320 is inserted into the locking piece 200. A screw hole 330 is arranged at the top of the proximal nail segment 110 and communicates with the insertion hole 310. A stud 340 is threadedly connected in the inner cavity of the screw hole 330. The bottom of the stud 340 is fixedly connected with the top end of the insertion rod 320.

[0030] The locking piece 200 comprises a locking pin A 210, a locking pin B 220 and a locking pin C 230. The locking pin A 210 and the locking pin C 230 are arranged in the proximal locking screw hole, and the locking pin B 220 is arranged in the distal locking screw hole.

[0031] The locking pin A 210 and the locking pin C 230 are respectively provided with a positioning hole 211 for the insertion rod 320 to pass through. The surface of the insertion rod 320 is in sliding connection with the inner wall surface of the positioning hole 211.

[0032] The proximal locking screw hole comprises, from top to bottom, locking hole A 111, locking hole B 112, locking hole C 113 and locking hole D 114 sequentially arranged on the proximal nail segment 110, the inner cavities of the locking hole A 111, the locking hole C 113 and the locking hole D 114 are respectively screwed with the locking nail A 210, the locking nail C 230 is screwed in the inner cavity of the locking hole B 112, the locking hole B 112 is a spiral blade hole, the locking nail C 230 is a spiral blade, the femoral neck and the femoral head are directly fixed by the locking nail C 230, the shear force and the rotating force of the fracture end are resisted, it can be used as a biomechanical support shaft, the stress is dispersed and the stability after the fracture reduction is maintained, the locking hole A 111, the locking hole B 112, the locking hole C 113 and the locking hole D 114 are respectively communicated with the insertion hole 310.

[0033] The locking hole A 111 is obliquely downward locked from top to bottom, the locking hole B 112 is obliquely upward locked from bottom to top, the locking hole C and the locking hole D 114 are transversely locked, the locking directions of the locking hole A 111 and the locking hole B 112 are on the same plane, the locking directions of the locking hole A 111, the locking hole C 113 and the locking hole D 114 are not on the same plane, and the locking nail C 230 is provided with a through hole 231 for the end of the locking nail A 210 located in the locking hole A 111 to pass through.

[0034] The distal locking screw hole comprises, from top to bottom, locking hole E 121, locking hole F 122, locking hole G 123 and locking hole H 124 sequentially arranged on the distal nail segment 120, the inner cavities of the locking hole E 121 and the locking hole H 124 are respectively screwed with the locking nail B 220.

[0035] The locking hole E 121, the locking hole F 122, the locking hole G 123 and the locking hole H 124 are transversely locked, the locking directions of the locking hole E 121 and the groove 125 are on the same plane, the locking directions of the locking hole E 121, the locking hole F 122 and the locking hole H 124 are not on the same plane, by adopting different plane designs for the locking hole A 111, the locking hole B 112, the locking hole C 113 and the locking hole D 114 and adopting different plane designs for the locking hole E 121, the locking hole F 122 and the locking hole H 124, not only a stronger three-dimensional fixation is realized, but also the strength weakening of the intramedullary nail itself is reduced.

[0036] The distal nail segment 120 is further provided with a groove 125, the groove 125 is located below the locking hole H 124, the distal nail segment 120 is formed into a hairpin-shaped bifurcation design through the groove 125, so as to reduce the stress concentration.

[0037] The end of the stud 340 away from the insertion rod 320 is fixedly connected with a knob 350, a counterbore 360 communicated with the screw hole 330 is formed on the proximal nail segment 110, the knob 350 is arranged in the counterbore 360, the knob 350 is rotated to screw the stud 340 into the screw hole 330, so that the insertion rod 320 can be stably inserted into the locking nail A 210.

[0038] The working principle of the utility model is: the position of intramedullary nail is confirmed through C-arm perspective, the femoral neck and femoral head are directly fixed through the locking nail C 230, the shear force and rotational force of the fracture end are resisted, the locking nail C 230 can be used as a biomechanical support shaft, stress is dispersed and the stability after fracture reduction is maintained, according to the fracture type, the locking nail A 210 and the locking nail B 220 of corresponding number and position are selected to be fixed, multi-plane cooperative fixation is formed, the end of the insertion rod 320 is inserted into the positioning hole 211 on the corresponding locking nail A 210 through the insertion hole 310 in sequence, until the end of the stud 340 is arranged in the screw hole 330, at this time, the knob 350 is rotated, the knob 350 drives the stud 340 to rotate, under the action of the screw thread, the stud 340 drives the insertion rod 320 to continue to be inserted, until the maximum limit, the position fixation of the locking nail A 210 and the locking nail C 230 is completed, and the stability of the connection between the locking nail A 210 and the proximal nail segment 110 is improved.

[0039] The parts not involved in the utility model are the same as the prior art or can be realized by using the prior art. Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the utility model, the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A porous, multi-axial intramedullary nail for intertrochanteric fractures of the femur, characterized in that, The utility model relates to an intertrochanteric fracture fixation intramedullary nail body (100) for femur is equipped with locking piece (200) on it, and the anti-loosening piece (300) is equipped between intramedullary nail body (100) and locking piece (200). The utility model discloses an intertrochanteric fracture fixation intramedullary nail body (100) for femur, which comprises a proximal nail segment (110) and a distal nail segment (120), wherein the proximal nail segment (110) is provided with a proximal locking screw hole, and the distal nail segment (120) is provided with a distal locking screw hole. The anti-loosening piece (300) comprises an insertion hole (310) formed at the center of the proximal nail segment (110), an insertion rod (320) inserted into the insertion hole (310), the insertion rod (320) being inserted into the locking piece (200), a screw hole (330) formed at the top of the proximal nail segment (110) and communicating with the insertion hole (310), and a threaded stud (340) screwed into the screw hole (330), wherein the bottom of the threaded stud (340) is fixedly connected with the top end of the insertion rod (320). The locking piece (200) comprises a locking pin A (210), a locking pin B (220), and a locking pin C (230), wherein the locking pin A (210) and the locking pin C (230) are arranged in the proximal locking screw hole, and the locking pin B (220) is arranged in the distal locking screw hole.

2. The porous, multiaxial intramedullary nail based on a femoral intertrochanteric fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking pin A (210) and the locking pin C (230) are respectively provided with a positioning hole (211) for the insertion rod (320) to pass through, and the surface of the insertion rod (320) is in sliding connection with the inner wall surface of the positioning hole (211).

3. The porous, multiaxial intramedullary nail for femoral intertrochanteric fractures of claim 2, wherein: The proximal locking screw hole comprises a locking hole A (111), a locking hole B (112), a locking hole C (113), and a locking hole D (114) sequentially formed in the proximal nail segment (110) from top to bottom, the inner cavities of the locking hole A (111), the locking hole C (113), and the locking hole D (114) are respectively screwed with the locking pin A (210), the locking pin C (230) is screwed into the inner cavity of the locking hole B (112), and the locking hole A (111), the locking hole B (112), the locking hole C (113), and the locking hole D (114) are in communication with the insertion hole (310).

4. The porous, multiaxial intramedullary nail for femoral intertrochanteric fractures of claim 3, wherein: The locking hole A (111) is inclined downward from top to bottom, the locking hole B (112) is inclined upward from bottom to top, the locking hole C (113) and the locking hole D (114) are horizontally locked, the locking directions of the locking hole A (111) and the locking hole B (112) are in the same plane, the locking directions of the locking hole A (111), the locking hole C (113), and the locking hole D (114) are not in the same plane, and the locking pin C (230) is provided with a through hole (231) for the end portion of the locking pin A (210) located in the locking hole A (111) to pass through.

5. The porous, multiaxial intramedullary nail for femoral intertrochanteric fractures of claim 4, wherein: ​ 6. The porous, multiaxial intramedullary nail for femoral intertrochanteric fractures of claim 5, wherein: The distal end locking screw hole comprises locking hole E (121), locking hole F (122), locking hole G (123) and locking hole H (124) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom on the distal end nail segment (120), and the inner cavities of the locking hole E (121) and the locking hole H (124) are respectively screwed with locking nail B (220).

7. The porous, multiaxial intramedullary nail for femoral intertrochanteric fractures of claim 6, wherein: The locking hole E (121), the locking hole F (122), the locking hole G (123) and the locking hole H (124) are transversely locked, the locking direction of the locking hole E (121) and the recess (125) is in the same plane, and the locking directions of the locking hole E (121), the locking hole F (122) and the locking hole H (124) are not in the same plane.

8. The porous, multiaxial intramedullary nail for femoral intertrochanteric fractures of claim 7, wherein: The distal end nail segment (120) is further provided with a recess (125), and the recess (125) is located below the locking hole H (124).

9. The porous, multiaxial intramedullary nail for femoral intertrochanteric fractures of claim 8, wherein: The distal end of the stud (340) is fixedly connected with a knob (350), the proximal end nail segment (110) is provided with a counterbore (360) which is in communication with the screw hole (330), and the knob (350) is arranged in the counterbore (360).

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