Railway tank car waste gas treatment system

Abstract

The utility model provides a railway tank car waste gas treatment system which comprises a tank car. The tank car is sequentially connected with a waste gas treatment unit and a disordered waste gas treatment unit; the waste gas treatment unit comprises a vacuum tank, a vacuum pump, a cold water tank, an oil tank and an activated carbon tank which are sequentially connected; the cold water tank is filled with filler, the oil tank is filled with filler and filled with diesel oil, and the activated carbon tank is filled with activated carbon. The disordered waste gas treatment unit comprises a waste gas collecting hood, a gas dredging channel, a cold water tank, an activated carbon tank and an anti-explosion fan; the waste gas collecting hood is arranged above a tank opening of the tank car and connected with the cold water tank through the gas dredging channel, the cold water tank is connected with the activated carbon tank, and waste gas is exhausted into the atmosphere through the explosion-proof fan after being adsorbed by the activated carbon tank. The utility model discloses a waste gas treatment system for a railway tank car, relates to the field of waste gas treatment, and effectively solves the problems of high-concentration poisonous and harmful gas generated by residual liquid and sewage recovered by a vacuum pump and low-concentration poisonous and harmful gas generated by a tank opening and / or generated when a tank is steamed by steam in the cleaning process of the tank car.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of waste gas treatment, especially relates to a railway tank car waste gas treatment system. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the chemical products produced by the Chinese refining enterprises need to be transported by railway tank car. The petroleum product medium is gasoline, diesel oil and aviation coal. The chemical products are benzene, toluene, dimethylbenzene and p-xylene. The residual liquid in the original tank car needs to be recovered and the tank car needs to be cleaned every time the product is transported to meet the standard of new product transportation.

[0003] At present, the domestic enterprises adopt the residual liquid recovery, high pressure water flushing and steam tank method to clean the railway tank car to meet the standard of new product transportation.

[0004] The existing problems are as follows: the residual liquid recovery and high pressure water cleaning sewage recovery. The petroleum and chemical product gas generated by the vacuum pump is not treated, and a large amount of high concentration toxic and harmful gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere, which seriously pollutes the atmospheric environment. The steam tank generates a large amount of low concentration toxic and harmful disordered gas, which is discharged into the atmosphere, causing the pollution of the atmospheric environment. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0005] Therefore, the utility model aims at providing a railway tank car waste gas treatment system to effectively solve the high concentration toxic and harmful gas generated by the residual liquid and sewage recovered by the vacuum pump in the cleaning process of the tank car, and the disordered waste gas generated at the tank opening during the tank cleaning operation and / or the large amount of low concentration toxic and harmful gas generated during the steam tank.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] A railway tank car waste gas treatment system, comprising a tank car, the tank car is sequentially connected with a vacuum tank waste gas treatment unit and a disordered waste gas treatment unit;

[0008] The vacuum tank waste gas treatment unit is used for treating the waste gas generated by the vacuum tank, and comprises a vacuum tank, a vacuum pump, a cold water tank, an oil tank and an activated carbon tank which are sequentially connected;

[0009] The cold water tank is provided with filler, the oil tank is provided with filler and filled with diesel oil, and the activated carbon tank is filled with activated carbon;

[0010] The disordered waste gas treatment unit is used for treating the disordered waste gas generated at the tank opening during the tank cleaning operation and / or the waste gas generated during the steam tank, and comprises a waste gas collection gas hood, a gas passage, a cold water tank, an activated carbon tank and an explosion-proof fan;

[0011] The exhaust gas collecting hood is arranged above the tank opening of the tank car, is connected with the cold water tank through the air release channel, is connected with the activated carbon tank, and is discharged into the atmosphere by the explosion-proof fan after being adsorbed by the activated carbon tank.

[0012] Further, the filler in the cold water tank is used for fully exchanging the exhaust gas with cold water, realizing gas-liquid separation and liquefying part of the exhaust gas.

[0013] Further, the filler in the oil tank is used for prolonging the residence time of the benzene gas in diesel oil, fully dissolving the benzene gas in diesel oil, directly dissolving the gasoline and diesel oil gas in diesel oil, completely dissolving and absorbing the benzene gas due to the similar chemical properties.

[0014] Further, the activated carbon in the activated carbon tank has a honeycomb iodine value of 600mg / g-900mg / g, a benzene adsorption rate of 25%-35%, a carbon tetrachloride adsorption rate of 45%-65%, and at least 1600 holes in each carbon block, so as to increase the contact area with the exhaust gas.

[0015] Further, the exhaust gas collecting hood has an area of 1m*2m and is arranged at a distance of about 1.5m from the tank opening, and is used for collecting disordered exhaust gas.

[0016] Further, the vacuum pump is selected as an 11kW vacuum pump with an exhaust capacity of 400m³ / n per hour, and is arranged below the tank car cleaning platform at a distance of not more than 30m from the tank opening of the tank car.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The railway tank car exhaust gas treatment system adopts the combined mode of condensation method, absorption method and adsorption method to treat the exhaust gas generated by the vacuum pump, and treats the exhaust gas from different directions and different properties according to the composition and characteristics of the exhaust gas, effectively solves the problem of high-concentration toxic and harmful gas emission generated by the vacuum pump in the railway tank car cleaning process, and ensures that the exhaust gas meets the emission standard.

[0019] 2. The disordered exhaust gas generated by the tank opening of the tank car is effectively collected and adsorbed by the specially designed disordered exhaust gas treatment unit, the mode of hood collection, pipeline transportation, activated carbon tank adsorption and high-altitude discharge is used for the first time, and the pollution of disordered exhaust gas to the atmospheric environment is reduced.

[0020] 3. The cleaning process is optimized, the vacuum pump is selected, the whole closed mechanical cleaning is used, and the steam tank is reasonably used, so that the exhaust gas generation amount and concentration are reduced, and the efficiency and effect of the whole exhaust gas treatment system are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this patent, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:

[0022] Fig. 1 The railway tank car exhaust treatment system vacuum tank exhaust treatment unit of the embodiment of the application;

[0023] Fig. 2 The railway tank car exhaust treatment system disordered exhaust treatment unit of the embodiment of the application;

[0024] Legend of reference signs:

[0025] 1, tank car; 2, vacuum tank; 3, vacuum pump; 4, cold water tank; 5, oil tank; 6, activated carbon tank; 7, explosion-proof fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be noted that the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0027] In the description of the application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "back" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0029] The embodiment relates to a railway tank car exhaust treatment system, which effectively solves high-concentration toxic and harmful gases generated by a vacuum pump in a cleaning process of a tank car and effectively solves a large amount of low-concentration toxic and harmful disordered gases generated when a steam tank is steamed.

[0030] Based on the above design idea, an exemplary structure of the railway tank car exhaust treatment system of the embodiment is shown in Figs. 1-2 The railway tank car exhaust treatment system mainly comprises a tank car 1, the tank car 1 is sequentially connected with an exhaust treatment unit and a disordered exhaust treatment unit; the exhaust treatment unit is used for treating exhaust gas generated by a vacuum tank 2 and comprises the vacuum tank 2, a vacuum pump 3, a cold water tank 4, an oil tank 5 and an activated carbon tank 6 which are sequentially connected; the cold water tank 4 is provided with filler, the oil tank 5 is provided with filler and filled with diesel oil, and the activated carbon tank 6 is provided with activated carbon with specific honeycomb iodine value and adsorption rate;

[0031] The disordered exhaust gas treatment unit is used for treating disordered exhaust gas generated at the tank opening of the tank wagon 1 during cleaning operation and / or a large amount of low-concentration toxic and harmful gas generated during steam tankage, and comprises an exhaust gas collection hood, a gas exhaust channel, a cold water tank 4, an activated carbon tank 6 and an explosion-proof fan 7. The exhaust gas collection hood is arranged above the tank opening of the tank wagon 1, connected with the cold water tank 4 through the gas exhaust channel, connected with the activated carbon tank 6 through the cold water tank 4, and exhausted into the atmosphere by the explosion-proof fan 7 after being adsorbed by the activated carbon tank 6.

[0032] The filler in the cold water tank 4 is used for fully exchanging the exhaust gas with cold water, realizing gas-liquid separation, and liquefying part of the exhaust gas.

[0033] The filler in the oil tank 5 is used for prolonging the residence time of benzene gas in diesel oil, fully dissolving the benzene gas in the diesel oil, directly dissolving the exhaust gas containing gasoline and diesel oil in the diesel oil, and completely dissolving and absorbing the benzene gas due to the similar chemical properties.

[0034] The activated carbon in the activated carbon tank 6 has an iodine value of 600 mg / g-900 mg / g, a benzene adsorption rate of 25%-35%, and a carbon tetrachloride adsorption rate of 45%-65%. Each carbon block has at least 1600 holes to increase the contact area with the exhaust gas.

[0035] The exhaust gas collection hood has an area of 1 m x 2 m and is arranged at a distance of about 1.5 m from the tank opening, and is used for collecting disordered exhaust gas.

[0036] The vacuum pump 3 is selected as an 11-kilowatt vacuum pump 3 with an exhaust capacity of 400 m³ / n per hour, and is arranged below the cleaning platform of the tank wagon 1 at a distance of not more than 30 m from the tank opening of the tank wagon 1. Compared with a traditional high-power vacuum pump, the working efficiency is improved and the total exhaust gas emission is reduced under the condition of ensuring the same negative pressure.

[0037] The cleaning machine is arranged in the tank wagon 1 to rotate and clean the tank wagon 1 in 360 degrees without dead angle, and the cleaning pressure is controlled at 8-11 kg. This cleaning method effectively solves the problem of incomplete cleaning of the inner wall of the tank wagon, avoids the generation of a large amount of high-concentration gas outside the tank wagon during steam tankage of residual liquid, and reduces the difficulty of subsequent exhaust gas treatment.

[0038] After the tank wagon 1 is cleaned, the tank is detected for toxic and harmful gas if steam tankage is required, and then the steam tankage operation is performed. In this way, it can be ensured that the steam generated during the tankage is non-toxic and harmless gas, and the gas exhausted into the atmosphere after being adsorbed by the activated carbon meets the standard, further reducing the difficulty of exhaust gas treatment and improving the environmental protection of the entire railway tank wagon cleaning and exhaust gas treatment process. If the tank does not require steam tankage, the cleaning is completed.

[0039] Specifically, waste gas treatment is one of the more difficult environmental management, need from multiple angles, multi-method comprehensive management, railway tank car exhaust treatment, this embodiment summarizes the practice of cleaning tank for many years, from the composition of waste gas to cleaning process combined method, take comprehensive management method, effectively solve the problem of waste gas treatment.

[0040] By using condensation method, absorption method, adsorption method, three methods combined, and comprehensive management under the cooperation of cleaning process, complete the treatment of waste gas. Condensation method, absorption method, adsorption method are independently used in waste gas treatment, which is proved and tested by practice. But in the comprehensive management of waste gas generated in the cleaning of tank car, and under the cooperation of cleaning process, it is the first time in China.

[0041] Condensation method, absorption method, adsorption method are special comprehensive management scheme according to the products transported by the cleaning tank car 1. The products transported by the tank car 1 include gasoline, diesel, aviation coal, benzene, toluene, xylene, p-xylene. Combined with the boiling point and chemical properties of the product, the condensation method is considered from the perspective of product boiling point. Through condensation, gas-liquid separation is achieved. Absorption method is considered from the perspective of product chemical properties. Through the similar chemical properties of diesel and benzene, they can be dissolved and mutually soluble in any proportion. Diesel can absorb benzene gas. Cold water tank 4 and absorption oil tank 5 add fillers respectively, the purpose gas and liquid exchange fully, condensation method and absorption method are from different directions, different properties, each has its own advantages to solve the problem of waste gas treatment. Adsorption method is the last method of the three methods. The advantage of activated carbon is that it can adsorb various gases in waste gas. It is the last "firewall" of the three methods. In order to reduce the "breakthrough" of this "firewall", condensation method and absorption method have done the preliminary "work", reducing the pressure of the last "firewall", ensuring that the waste gas treatment meets the emission standard.

[0042] Disordered waste gas is collected by gas cover, transported by pipeline, adsorbed by activated carbon tank 6, and treated waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere from 15 meters high chimney outside by explosion-proof fan 7.

[0043] In the treatment of waste gas of tank car 1, this embodiment combines the scientific optimization of cleaning process, from the selection of vacuum pump 3, the selection of small power 11 kilowatt vacuum pump 3 to the full-closed mechanical cleaning of tank car 1, and then if steam is needed to steam the tank, the gas in the tank must be detected to meet the process requirements, which greatly reduces the amount and concentration of waste gas. For the next step in the waste gas treatment process, reduce the difficulty, achieve the treatment standard, realize the standard emission after waste gas treatment.

[0044] The railway tank car exhaust treatment system described in the embodiment can effectively treat the exhaust gas generated during the cleaning process, achieve standard emission, and has good practicality and environmental benefits.

[0045] The exhaust gas that has not been liquefied from the cold water tank 4 enters the oil tank 5, diesel in the oil tank 5 is mutually soluble with benzene gas and gasoline gas in the exhaust gas, and the filler in the oil tank 5 ensures that the gas and diesel have sufficient contact time, so that the benzene gas is fully absorbed by the diesel.

[0046] After the exhaust gas is absorbed by the oil tank 5, if there is still a part that has not been absorbed, it enters the activated carbon tank 6. The honeycomb activated carbon in the activated carbon tank 6 uses its high adsorption performance to adsorb the remaining organic pollutants in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas after adsorption meets the emission standard and is discharged into the atmosphere through a 15-meter-high outdoor chimney.

[0047] An exhaust gas collecting hood is installed on the tank opening of the tank car 1 corresponding to the cleaning tank car 1 operation platform, the area of the hood is 1m x 2m, and the distance from the tank opening is about 1.5m. When the tank opening is opened for residual liquid recovery, high-pressure water cleaning, steam tank steaming and other operations, the disordered exhaust gas discharged from the tank opening is collected by the hood.

[0048] The collected exhaust gas enters the activated carbon tank 6 through the air passage, and the activated carbon in the activated carbon tank 6 adsorbs benzene gas and gasoline gas in the disordered exhaust gas.

[0049] The adsorbed exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a 15-meter-high outdoor chimney by the action of the explosion-proof fan 7, ensuring safe emission and meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0050] The railway tank car exhaust treatment system using the above implementation scheme can effectively treat the exhaust gas generated during the cleaning process, achieve standard emission, and has good practicality and environmental benefits.

[0051] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and does not limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A railway tank car exhaust treatment system comprising a tank car (1), characterized in that: The tank truck (1) is sequentially connected with a waste gas treatment unit and a disordered waste gas treatment unit; The waste gas treatment unit comprises a vacuum tank (2), a vacuum pump (3), a cold water tank (4), an oil tank (5) and an activated carbon tank (6) which are sequentially connected; The cold water tank (4) is provided with fillers, the oil tank (5) is provided with fillers and filled with diesel oil, and the activated carbon tank (6) is filled with activated carbon; The disordered waste gas treatment unit is used for treating disordered waste gas generated from the tank opening of the tank truck (1) during cleaning operation and / or a large amount of low-concentration toxic and harmful gas generated during steam steaming of the tank, and comprises a waste gas collecting hood, a gas exhaust channel, the cold water tank (4), the activated carbon tank (6) and an explosion-proof fan (7); The waste gas collecting hood is arranged above the tank opening of the tank truck (1), connected with the cold water tank (4) through the gas exhaust channel, connected with the activated carbon tank (6), and exhausted into the atmosphere by the explosion-proof fan (7) after being adsorbed by the activated carbon tank (6).

2. The railway tank car exhaust treatment system of claim 1, wherein: The activated carbon in the activated carbon tank (6) has a honeycomb iodine value of 600mg / g-900mg / g, a benzene adsorption rate of 25%-35%, a carbon tetrachloride adsorption rate of 45%-65%, and at least 1600 holes in each carbon block to increase the contact area with the waste gas.

3. The railway tank car exhaust treatment system of claim 1, wherein: The waste gas collecting hood has an area of 1m x 2m and a distance from the tank opening of about 1.5m, and is used for collecting disordered waste gas.

4. The railway tank car exhaust treatment system of claim 1, wherein: The vacuum pump (3) is selected as an 11kW vacuum pump (3) with an exhaust capacity of 400m³ / n per hour, and is placed below the cleaning platform of the tank truck (1) with a distance of not more than 30m from the tank opening of the tank truck (1).

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