Thermal insulation concrete formwork building block, structural wall and building

Abstract

The utility model relates to a thermal insulation concrete formwork building block, a structural wall and a building, and belongs to the technical field of building products and concrete formworks. The building block comprises surface layer structures on the inner side and the outer side and a heat insulation core block between the surface layer structures. And a groove structure is formed between the inner side surface of the two-layer structure and the surface of the heat insulation core block at the top and / or the bottom, the left end and / or the right end of the heat insulation core block. The groove structures and the adjacent groove structures form longitudinally and transversely communicated channels in a splicing state of the thermal insulation concrete formwork building blocks; and the channel forms a concrete grid structure with certain structural strength after steel bars are wrapped and concrete grout is poured into the channel. After the building blocks are spliced into the wall body and channel grouting is completed, a concrete grid can be formed in the wall body, and the structural strength of the wall body is effectively improved; and meanwhile, only horizontal and vertical grouting channels between the building blocks are arranged in a required grouting area, and the required concrete amount can be effectively reduced compared with the prior art.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of light, fireproof, natural heat insulation, carefully designed in structure, can be mutually locked and buckled thermal insulation concrete formwork block, structural wall and building, belong to building product, construction method, building specification, structural engineering, concrete formwork, fire and heat insulation material technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] 1, masonry block

[0003] 1.1, for centuries, the use of masonry block is very common in the global construction industry. Whether hollow or solid, concrete or clay, these masonry blocks are heavy, difficult to lay evenly, straight, square, flat, and not easy to stick together with mortar. Usually need expensive, experienced, qualified masons to lay blocks efficiently and accurately.

[0004] 1.2, larger blocks may be laid faster, but the larger and heavier the blocks, the higher the laying cost required for masons, and many people are unwilling to undertake such heavy work.

[0005] 1.3, although structurally strong, masonry blocks provide little thermal insulation. Masonry structures built of masonry blocks must have an expensive additional thermal insulation layer or coating of thermal insulation material to meet building thermal insulation regulations.

[0006] Although masonry blocks are fire-resistant, they still cannot withstand the high temperatures of natural disaster jungle fires and may lose structural integrity and crumble.

[0007] 2, thermal insulation concrete formwork

[0008] 2.1, the use of thermal insulation concrete formwork is relatively new, consisting of inner and outer side panels made of insulating material (usually polystyrene) connected to each other at intervals, forming a central cavity for filling with reinforced concrete through a central framework or spacer / support frame.

[0009] 2.2, the edges of the formwork (inner and outer side panels) are interlocking edges, and a series of these lightweight ICF formwork panels are assembled / stacked / interlocked / laid in layers and supported with temporary steel frames before being filled with concrete.

[0010] 2.3, ICF building systems can be fast and efficient and include built-in thermal insulation, but unlike masonry blocks, ICF polystyrene panels are not durable and are not aesthetically pleasing. ICF walls require plastered finishes or decorative coverings on both the inside and outside.

[0011] 2.4. Compared to masonry blocks, ICFs are larger, lighter, faster and easier to assemble, and have superior thermal performance. However, polystyrene is not fire resistant and is not environmentally friendly; ICF systems use too much concrete and still require a cladding or finish, which offsets the efficiency gains and cost savings. SUMMARY

[0012] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide an insulated concrete form block (ICFB), a structural wall and a building, which can be used to realize a comprehensive building system, and solve the problems of excessive use of reinforced concrete and high cost in the prior art by assembling the insulated concrete form block of the present utility model. In addition, many deficiencies and inefficiencies in the construction industry are solved, including:

[0013] 1) reducing the volume and cost of reinforced concrete beyond the structural requirements;

[0014] 2) relying on structural interlocking without mortar during assembly, improving assembly efficiency and accuracy;

[0015] 3) multiple rotary assembly options, easy to assemble, and multiple stacking finished surfaces;

[0016] 4) lightweight for easy handling and reduced construction costs;

[0017] 5) meeting the requirements of regulations for thermal insulation without increasing the cost of cladding;

[0018] 6) capable of withstanding bush and forest fires;

[0019] 7) reducing carbon emissions, being responsible for the climate, sustainable, and recyclable non-petrochemical products;

[0020] 8) construction can be completed in one step, with pre-processed exposed surfaces.

[0021] The above problems have been solved based on the design of the insulated concrete form block (ICFB) building system of the present utility model and the following related technologies, and the benefits thereof have been determined.

[0022] The insulated concrete form block of the present utility model has the following characteristics, thereby achieving the above purposes:

[0023] 1) The horizontal and vertical channel design of the ICFB of the present utility model is fixed in volume, limiting the volume of reinforced concrete to the range required to achieve structural compliance, without the cost and weight of excess material.

[0024] 2) The ICFB's engineering and design is to control the volume of reinforced concrete, and in the structure, it needs to be applied to the wall construction through vertical and horizontal structural grid channels, so as to reduce the construction weight, time and cost.

[0025] 3) The ICFB has a structural grid channel for filling reinforced concrete, which is formed between two panels, an inner panel and an outer panel separated by a single intermediate core block, and the channel is located at one end and the top of the side edges of the two panels.

[0026] 4) One end (can be left or right end) of the ICFB has a vertical channel. The other end has an intermediate core block extending outward, and the part of the intermediate core block extending outward forms a mortise and tenon joint with the adjacent ICFB. The vertical channel is surrounded by two panels, an intermediate core block, and an intermediate core block (forming a tenon in the mortise and tenon joint) extending from the adjacent ICFB.

[0027] 5) The ICFB has a vertical channel between the two panels and the top of the intermediate core block (if stacked after being turned over, it is at the bottom). The ICFB is designed to be rotated and aligned and stacked on the horizontal channel of the adjacent ICFB. The horizontal channel is formed by four panels and two intermediate core blocks.

[0028] 6) Further, the ICFB has no horizontal channel at the bottom edge, because the bottom edge is designed to be rotated and aligned and stacked on the bottom edge and intermediate core block of the adjacent ICFB. The length of the vertical channel is similar to that of the horizontal channel.

[0029] 7) Further, the ICFB has intersecting horizontal and vertical channels after being turned over and stacked, and the horizontal channel surrounds the intermediate core blocks of the two ICFBs after being turned over and stacked in central symmetry.

[0030] 8) Further, the ICFB is made of a suitable reinforced concrete formula specified by engineers, and the concrete strength grade Mpa and reinforcement are adjusted to adapt to the actual design load.

[0031] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 the inner and outer side panels (panel 1) of the ICFB are connected to form a block by a heat-insulating intermediate core block 2. The intermediate core block 2 is smaller than the inner and outer side panels, so that it is recessed at the top and one end of the side of the block, and forms a horizontal groove structure and a vertical groove structure between the inner and outer side panels. After the blocks are connected to form a wall, the groove structures between adjacent blocks are connected in the up-down and left-right directions to form a structural grid channel for laying steel bars and grouting, and through the size design of the inner and outer side panels and the intermediate core block, the volume and cost of reinforced concrete exceeding the structural requirements can be reduced.

[0032] Further, as shown in Figure 4 the other end of the side and the bottom of the intermediate core block 2 extend beyond the inner and outer plates, forming a protrusion in the mortise and tenon joint (i.e. the horizontal insertion part 32). When the blocks are stacked / assembled together, the grooves between the protrusions inserted between the panels serve as mortises, aligning the panels for connection, and after buckling, leaving space in the groove structure for pouring concrete as horizontal and vertical channels that are interconnected to form a continuous horizontal and vertical internal grid channel. The blocks in the up-down direction can also be connected by the matching tongue and groove matching limit structure 13 formed by the top and bottom of the panel. Thus, the blocks are assembled by relying on structural interlocking without mortar, improving assembly efficiency and accuracy.

[0033] Further, the ICFB of the present application has a full forward assembly mode as shown in Figure 6 (b), and an interlaced assembly mode as shown in Figure 9 (b) with one row forward and one row rotated 180 degrees and reversed, multiple rotation assembly options, easy to assemble, and can realize multiple assembly and stacking complete surfaces.

[0034] Further, the ICFB of the present application can be lightweight and easy to transport and assemble through appropriate materials and molding processes; at the same time, the block itself directly meets the requirements of regulations for heat insulation, without the need for additional cladding, and can withstand forest fires; the ICFB of the present application reduces the use of structural concrete in the construction process, and at the same time uses low-carbon emission cement materials, which can reduce carbon emissions and be friendly to the environment.

[0035] Further, the surface of the two panels 1 of the ICFB of the present application can be directly formed with decorative patterns during the molding process, so that the molded wall surface directly has a pre-processed exposed surface without the need for additional devices.

[0036] The scheme of the present application comprises:

[0037] The technical scheme of the present application comprises:

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0039] The utility model discloses a heat insulation core block is connected two side panels and constitutes the block in the middle, and the middle core block leaves the groove structure of two directions of horizontal and vertical intercommunication between at least two side panels, when the block is piled up and spliced together, the horizontal groove of the block of left and right directions is interconnected and forms the horizontal passage that can be used for grouting continuously, and the vertical groove of the block of upper and lower directions is interconnected and forms the vertical passage that can be used for grouting continuously, and the horizontal passage and vertical passage are interconnected and form the internal grid channel.

[0040] Further, the heat insulation core block is further provided with a grouting hole communicating with the upper and lower surfaces of the heat insulation core block.

[0041] Further, the upper surface of the heat insulation core block forms a ridge structure, and the top of the ridge structure is located at the middle position in the horizontal direction of the heat insulation core block, so that the concrete flowing down in the grouting hole of the upper block flows to both sides, and the horizontal space is more easily filled.

[0042] Further, the groove structure forms a longitudinal and transverse communicating channel with the adjacent groove structure in the splicing state of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block; and the channel forms a concrete grid structure with a certain structural strength after being provided with a steel bar and grouting concrete.

[0043] Further, in order to facilitate splicing and increase the connecting strength between the blocks in the upper and lower directions, a limiting structure for complementary matching with the corresponding position of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block arranged in the upper and lower directions is arranged on the inner side portion or the outer side portion in thickness at the top and the bottom of at least one side layer structure; and another portion of the thickness of the limiting structure of the surface layer structure forms a sealing structure for abutting with the corresponding position of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block arranged in the upper and lower directions.

[0044] Further, the limiting structure is a tongue and groove matching limiting structure.

[0045] Further, a step structure for matching with the corresponding position of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block arranged in the upper and lower directions and limiting in the inner and outer directions is arranged at the top and the bottom of at least one side layer structure.

[0046] Further, one of the left end and the right end of the heat insulation core block is provided with the groove structure, and the heat insulation core block protrudes out of the two surface layer structures to the other of the left end and the right end of the heat insulation core block from between the two surface layer structures, forming an insertion part for being inserted into the groove structure of the adjacent block in the inside-outside direction.

[0047] Further, the upper end of the heat insulation core block is provided with the groove structure, and the heat insulation core block protrudes out of the two surface layer structures to the lower end of the heat insulation core block from between the two surface layer structures, forming an insertion part for being inserted into the groove structure of the adjacent block below in the inside-outside direction.

[0048] Further, the thickness of the heat insulation concrete formwork block formed by the surface layer structures on the inside and the outside and the heat insulation core block in the middle is such that the heat insulation parameter of the heat insulation concrete formwork block meets the requirements of the building standard.

[0049] The utility model relates to a kind of structural walls, including linear or staggered splicing heat insulation concrete formwork block, the heat insulation concrete formwork block includes the surface layer structure on the inside and the outside and the heat insulation core block between surface layer structure;The top and / or bottom of the heat insulation core block, left end and / or right end, form groove structure between the inside surface of two surface layer structures and the surface of heat insulation core block.

[0050] The utility model has the advantages that:

[0051] The horizontal groove in each block in the same horizontal direction in the wall body is horizontally connected to form horizontal channel, and the vertical space in each block in the same vertical direction is vertically connected to form vertical groove, and horizontal channel and vertical channel can form concrete grid with square hole in the wall body after grouting, which can improve the structural strength of the wall body, and the concrete is poured in the grid channel, so that the amount of concrete can be greatly saved compared with the prior art of pouring a large amount of concrete between prefabricated formworks to form wall body.

[0052] Further, the heat insulation core block is further provided with a grouting hole communicating with the upper and lower surfaces of the heat insulation core block.

[0053] Further, the upper surface of the heat insulation core block forms a ridge structure, and the top of the ridge structure is located at the middle position of the horizontal direction dimension of the heat insulation core block, so that the concrete flowing down in the grouting hole of the block above flows to both sides, and it is easier to fill the horizontal space.

[0054] Further, the groove structure forms a longitudinal and transverse channel with the adjacent groove structure in the spliced state of the heat insulation concrete formwork block, and the channel forms a concrete grid structure with certain structural strength after being wrapped with steel bars and grouting concrete paste.

[0055] Further, in order to facilitate splicing and increase the connecting strength between the blocks in the up-down direction, a limiting structure is arranged on the inner side thickness or the outer side thickness of the top and bottom of at least one side layer structure and is matched with the corresponding position of the adjacent heat-insulating concrete formwork block in the up-down direction; the other part of the thickness of the limiting structure of the layer structure forms a sealing structure matched with the corresponding position of the adjacent heat-insulating concrete formwork block in the up-down direction.

[0056] Further, the limiting structure is a tongue and groove matching limiting structure.

[0057] Further, a step structure is arranged on the top and bottom of at least one side layer structure and is matched with the corresponding position of the adjacent heat-insulating concrete formwork block in the up-down direction.

[0058] Further, one end of the heat-insulating core block is provided with the groove structure, and the heat-insulating core block protrudes from the two layer structures to the other end of the heat-insulating core block, forming an insertion part for being inserted into the groove structure of the adjacent block and being limited in the inner-outer direction.

[0059] Further, the upper end of the heat-insulating core block is provided with the groove structure, and the heat-insulating core block protrudes from the two layer structures to the lower end of the heat-insulating core block, forming an insertion part for being inserted into the groove structure of the adjacent block below and being limited in the inner-outer direction.

[0060] Further, the thickness of the heat-insulating concrete formwork block formed by the layer structures on the inner-outer side and the heat-insulating core block in the middle satisfies the requirement of the building standard on the heat-insulating parameter of the heat-insulating concrete formwork block.

[0061] The building of the utility model comprises the structural wall as described above.

[0062] The building of the utility model has the advantages of:

[0063] The horizontal grooves in the blocks in the same horizontal direction in the wall body of the building are horizontally connected to form horizontal channels, and the vertical grooves in the blocks in the same vertical direction are vertically connected to form vertical channels; the horizontal channels and the vertical channels can form a concrete grid with square holes in the wall body after grouting, the concrete grid with square hole grid can improve the structural strength of the wall body, and the amount of concrete can be greatly saved compared with the prior art in which a large amount of concrete is poured between the prefabricated formworks to form a wall body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0064] Fig. 1(a) is a front view of a heat-insulating concrete formwork block of the utility model;

[0065] Figure 1(b) is a rear view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application;

[0066] Figure 1(c) is a left view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application;

[0067] Figure 1(d) is a right view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application;

[0068] Figure 1(e) is a top view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application;

[0069] Figure 1(f) is a bottom view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application;

[0070] Figure 2 Figure 1(g) is a perspective view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application from one angle of the top;

[0071] Figure 3 Figure 1(h) is a perspective view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application from one angle of the bottom;

[0072] Figure 4 Figure 1(i) is a perspective view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application from another angle of the top;

[0073] Figure 5 Figure 1(j) is a perspective view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application from another angle of the bottom;

[0074] Figure 6(a) is a wall structure schematic view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application linearly spliced to form a wall;

[0075] Figure 6(b) is a linear splicing schematic view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application;

[0076] Figure 7 Figure 7 is a schematic view of the reinforced concrete grid structure formed after the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application is spliced and poured with concrete;

[0077] Figure 8 Figure 8 is a schematic view of the reinforced concrete grid structure formed after the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application is used to construct a building;

[0078] Figure 9(a) is a wall structure schematic view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application spliced to form a wall;

[0079] Figure 9(b) is a schematic view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application spliced to form a wall;

[0080] Fig. 10 (a) is a schematic diagram of the grouting channel formed between the upper and lower blocks of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application when the blocks are staggered and spliced;

[0081] Fig. 10 (b) is a schematic diagram of the grouting channel formed between the upper and lower blocks of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application when the blocks are linearly spliced;

[0082] Fig. 11 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure relationship between the thermal insulation concrete formwork block and the steel bars of the present application from the top view;

[0083] Fig. 11 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure relationship between the thermal insulation concrete formwork block and the steel bars of the present application from the front view.

[0084] The figures include: 1, face plate; 11, butt joint surface; 12, face plate end; 13, tongue and groove matching limiting structure; 131, tongue; 132, groove; 2, intermediate core block; 21, grouting hole; 22, inclined surface; 23, horizontal insertion part; 24, electrical and water supply and drainage pipe installation groove; 25, wall; 3, vertical groove; 4, horizontal groove; 5, steel bar; 51, vertical steel bar; 52, horizontal steel bar; 61, horizontal concrete beam; 62, vertical concrete column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The present application provides a thermal insulation concrete formwork block (ICFB), which is composed of two parallel side face plates and a solid intermediate core block made of heat insulation material located between the two side face plates and connecting the two side face plates. The intermediate core block leaves a vertical groove penetrating the whole block between the two side face plates at least at one end of the block, and also leaves a horizontal groove penetrating the whole block in the horizontal direction between the two side face plates at the top and / or bottom of the block. The vertical groove and the horizontal groove are located at the edge of the face plate and are connected to each other.

[0086] After the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the present application is stacked and spliced into a wall, the same side face plates of different blocks are butted against each other, and the connected two side face plates form the wall surfaces on both sides of the wall. The horizontal groove above and below the intermediate core block and the vertical groove left and right of the intermediate core block are connected and combined to form a grid channel, that is, a continuous horizontal grouting channel and a vertical grouting channel between the intermediate core blocks inside the two wall surfaces.

[0087] In the process of forming the wall by the blocks layer by layer, the reinforcing steel bars are arranged in the grouting channels in two directions, and the concrete is poured into the grouting channels in two directions, so that the reinforced concrete grid in the form of square grid network is finally formed in the wall, the reinforced concrete grid fixes all the blocks that constitute the wall in the square grid holes of the grid, and the pouring concrete in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the reinforced concrete grid is located on the same straight line, so that stronger static load and dynamic load of the structure can be borne.

[0088] Meanwhile, the middle core block between the side panels of the block constitutes the main part, and only the grouting channel is left at the side edges, so that when the blocks form the wall, the middle core blocks of all the blocks occupy the main volume of the whole wall, and thus the pouring amount of the concrete in the process of building the wall is greatly reduced.

[0089] As a further optimized technical scheme, the upper end and the lower end of the side panels of the block are respectively provided with the tongue and the groove that are complementary to each other and are inserted into each other as the limiting structure in the horizontal direction between the upper and lower blocks, so that the upper and lower blocks are inserted into each other through the tongue and groove cooperation limiting structure to form the limiting alignment connection without mortar when the blocks are spliced, and the structural strength of the wall is further increased.

[0090] As a further optimized technical scheme, the middle core block in the block protrudes from one end (the first end) of the side panels in the horizontal direction; a vertical groove is left at the other end (the second end) of the side panels, and the size of the vertical groove along the horizontal direction parallel to the panel is greater than the protruding size of the protruding part of the middle core block at the first end, and the extra size is used to form the grouting channel in the vertical direction of the block. Thus, when the blocks are spliced, the protruding part of the middle core block can be inserted into the vertical groove left in the adjacent block between the left and right adjacent blocks, the horizontal direction adjacent blocks are inserted and cooperated through the tongue and groove cooperation limiting structure, and the structural strength of the wall is further increased.

[0091] In order to facilitate the full pouring of the concrete in the horizontal direction grouting channel, further, the lower part of the middle core block in the block is flush with the bottom end of the side panels, and the horizontal groove is left at the top of the side panels. After the laying of one layer of blocks is completed, the horizontal direction grouting channel is completely surrounded between the side panels at the top of the blocks and above the middle core block, and after the steel bar laying of the horizontal direction grouting channel at the top of the blocks is completed, the next layer of blocks can be laid. After the laying of each layer or a plurality of layers of blocks, the concrete is fully poured into the grouting channel.

[0092] Furthermore, as another implementation, a single vertical grouting channel can be created in the center of the solid core block. Since the distance from the vertical grouting channel is furthest below the center of the core block, relying solely on the vertical grouting channel to replenish concrete at this location is insufficient to ensure uniform and adequate concrete application. Therefore, the grouting channel can be used to replenish concrete to the horizontal grouting channel connected downwards after one or more layers of blocks have been laid, making the concrete filling in the area below the center of the core block more compact.

[0093] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, a preferred and typical embodiment of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0094] Example 1 of thermal insulation concrete formwork block:

[0095] Figures 1(a), 1(b), 1(c), 1(d), 1(e), and 1(f) show six orthogonal projection views of a thermal insulation concrete formwork block in this embodiment, which are, in order, the front view, rear view, left view, right view, top view, and bottom view of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block.

[0096] For ease of description, the following definitions are made: In the main view of the six orthogonal projection view shown in Figure 1(a), the surface shown (i.e., the front panel surface) and the surface behind the front panel surface of the block in the figure (i.e., the rear panel surface, the surface shown in the rear view shown in Figure 1(b)) are the two sides of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block; the surfaces shown in the left and right views shown in Figures 1(c) and 1(d) are the two ends of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block; and the surfaces shown in the top and bottom views shown in Figures 1(e) and 1(f) are the top and bottom of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block.

[0097] like Figure 2 The thermal insulation concrete formwork block shown in this embodiment includes two parallel and opposite outer panels 1 for forming the front and rear layer structures, respectively. After the blocks are assembled to form a wall, the front and rear surfaces of the two panels 1 constitute the inner and outer wall surfaces of the wall. The two side panels 1 are connected by a central core block 2. The projection of the central core block 2 onto the two side panels 1 is smaller than the surface area of ​​the panel 1, thereby leaving a vertical groove 3 and a horizontal groove 4 at at least one of the two ends of the block, and at least one of the top and bottom.

[0098] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the central core block 2 is flush with the bottom of the two side panels 1, forming the bottom of the block, and as... Figure 2The horizontal grooves 4 are formed between the two side panels 1 on the top of the block, and extend through the left and right ends of the block; at one end of the block, the vertical groove 3 is formed between the two side panels 1 of the middle core block 2, and extends through the top and bottom of the block.

[0099] When the blocks are connected, the top of the lower block side panel 1 can be connected to the bottom of the upper block side panel 1 in the vertical direction; and the block side panel end 12 can be connected to the corresponding block side panel end 12 of the adjacent block in the horizontal direction.

[0100] The front and back panels of the side panels 1 used to form the inner and outer walls of the wall are treated with color and texture to avoid plastering, coating or other surface treatments for aesthetic purposes, saving time and cost.

[0101] The middle core block 2 is made of suitable concrete material to meet the requirements of building regulations in terms of thermal insulation value and thermal resistance, reducing the amount of poured bulk concrete, making the structure lighter, reducing the strength of the supporting structure, reducing the use of building materials and reducing costs.

[0102] The horizontal grooves 4 and vertical grooves 3 form continuous grouting channels (grid channels) in the left and right directions and the vertical direction after the blocks are connected, and after the grouting channels are fully filled with concrete, a square hole concrete grid surrounding the blocks is formed in the constructed wall to reinforce the blocks in the wall in a surrounding manner.

[0103] The vertical grouting channel allows the reinforcement to be fixed in place and allows the blocks to be stacked around the installed reinforcement, saving construction time, concrete material usage and cost.

[0104] Further, to strengthen the firmness of the combination between the concrete grid and the blocks, structural grooves are provided on the left and right sides of the middle core block 2 for surrounding the end faces forming the vertical grouting channel, and the columnar concrete formed after grouting the grouting channel will form a protruding key at the corresponding position of the structural groove, and the key and the keyway (i.e. the structural groove) are matched to achieve a more firm and reliable inlaid combination between the concrete grid and the middle core block 2.

[0105] Further, as shown in Figure 2 , 3 , 4, 5, electrical and water supply and drainage pipe installation grooves 24 are provided on the left and right sides of the middle core block 2 for surrounding the end faces forming the vertical grouting channel, for laying the pipes of the electrical and water supply and drainage systems.

[0106] Further, as shown in Figure 2 , 3As shown, the top and bottom of the panel 1 on both sides of the block has a tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13, the upper block and the lower block can be embedded together without mortar through the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 on the bottom of the upper block and the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 on the top of the lower block.

[0107] Specifically, the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 on the top of the block is as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the top of the panel 1 is provided with a tongue 131 and a groove 132 at intervals; the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 on the bottom of the block is as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the panel 1 is provided with a tongue 131 and a groove 132 at intervals. The tongue 131 and the groove 132 between the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 on the top and the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 on the bottom correspond to each other, that is, the position of the tongue 131 in the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 on the top is directly below the groove 132 in the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 on the bottom, and the position of the groove 132 in the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 on the top is directly below the tongue 131 in the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 on the bottom. Therefore, when the two blocks are linearly assembled (directly assembled), the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 on the top and the bottom are matched and inserted with each other.

[0108] The groove 132 in the tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13 can be formed by the space between the adjacent tongues 131, and the shape of the tongue 131 and the groove 132 should be matched. In order to play a guiding role in the insertion process and achieve easier splicing, the tongue 131 is trapezoidal with a smaller top and inclined sides. In this way, the space between the tongues 131 forms an inverted groove 132 in the shape of a trapezoid. In the insertion and assembly process, the inclined sides of the trapezoidal tongue 131 guide and cooperate with the inclined sides of the corresponding groove 132, so that the tongue 131 is more easily inserted into the groove 132, facilitating assembly, reducing the difficulty of operation, and reducing the requirement for dimensional tolerance.

[0109] Thermal concrete formwork block embodiment 2:

[0110] Based on the block introduced in embodiment 1, as other embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 , 4 As shown, the top of the panel 1 is divided into two layers in the thickness direction of the panel 1, the outer layer forms a butt joint surface 11 for butt joint between the panels when the blocks are spliced, and the inner layer forms a tongue and groove matching limiting structure 13. The bottom of the panel 1 is as shown in Figure 3The same is true. After the tongue-and-groove matching limiting structure 13 is matched and inserted, the abutting surface 11 at the top of the lower block is tightly abutted with the abutting surface 11 at the bottom of the upper block. When the blocks are spliced to form a wall, the tongue-and-groove matching limiting structure 13 is shielded inside, the surface joint of the wall is a straight line, and it is more beautiful. At the same time, the tongue-and-groove matching limiting structure 13 provides limiting in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the panel 1 after being matched and inserted through the abutting surface 11, which ensures the flatness of the wall surface after assembly. More importantly, it can also increase the sealing effect of the joint after the tongue-and-groove matching limiting structure 13 is matched and inserted. Considering that the grouting channel below the wall bears more cement slurry pressure before the cement slurry solidifies, it can avoid the cement slurry poured in the horizontal grouting channel behind the joint from overflowing.

[0111] Further, the top of the tongue 131 in the tongue-and-groove matching limiting structure 13 is higher than the abutting surface 11, the bottom of the groove 132 is lower than the abutting surface 11, and the abutting surface 11 is located in the middle position between the top of the tongue 131 and the bottom of the groove 132. The abutting surface 11 increases the structural strength of the tongue-and-groove matching limiting structure 13 at the top and bottom of the block.

[0112] As other embodiments, the top and bottom of the panel 1 are divided into two layers with different heights in the thickness direction (inside-out direction) of the panel 1, forming a stepped structure in thickness, which is used to limit in the inside-out direction through the corresponding matching stepped structure when the upper and lower blocks are spliced. The matching stepped structures should be one inside high and outside low and the other inside low and outside high.

[0113] Thermal insulation concrete formwork block embodiment 3:

[0114] Based on the previous embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 The top of the middle core block 2 also forms a wall 25 with a certain thickness on both sides of the horizontal groove 4, and the top surface of the wall 25 is used to connect with the bottom surface of the middle core block 2 above the block during assembly. The wall 25 is located inside the top tongue-and-groove matching limiting structure 13 and also plays a limiting role in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the panel 1. At the same time, it enhances the sealing effect of the horizontal grouting channel at the joint formed by the tongue-and-groove matching limiting structure 13, reducing the possibility of seepage of poured concrete or cement slurry. In addition, considering that the stress of the horizontal concrete beam 61 of the concrete grid shown in Figure 7

[0115] Thermal insulation concrete formwork block embodiment 4:

[0116] ​Based on the previous embodiments, as shown in Figure 1(e), Figure 1(f) and Figure 5 As shown, at the other end of the block without the vertical groove 3, the central core block 2 protrudes from the end panel 1 by a certain distance to form a horizontal insertion part 23. During block assembly, in two adjacent blocks, the horizontal insertion part 23 of one block is inserted into the vertical groove 3 of the other block, forming a closed vertical grouting channel together with the two side panels 1 and the central core block 2 of the other block. The protruding central core block 2, forming the horizontal insertion part 23, enables horizontal insertion and mating between the two blocks, creating an interlocking structure to further increase the structural strength of the wall after its formation.

[0117] In another embodiment, the intermediate core block 2 can also protrude downwards from the panel 1 by a certain distance to form a vertically downward inserting part. The vertical dimension of the vertical inserting part protruding from the panel is less than the height of the horizontal groove 4, and the difference between the two is the height of the formed horizontal grouting channel. During the assembly of the blocks, in two adjacent blocks, the vertical inserting part of the upper block is inserted into the horizontal groove 4 of the lower block, forming a closed horizontal grouting channel together with the two side panels 1 and the intermediate core block 2 of the lower block. The vertical inserting part formed by the downward protrusion of the intermediate core block 2 can realize the insertion and mating between the upper and lower blocks in the horizontal direction, forming an interlocking structure to further increase the structural strength of the wall after it is formed.

[0118] The following description of the method of forming a wall by splicing and stacking blocks as described in this embodiment will make the structure, usage, and advantages of the thermal insulation concrete formwork blocks of this utility model clearer.

[0119] As shown in Figure 6(a), the blocks can be assembled linearly (without joints) to form a wall. The wall in the figure has an opening for a window or door with a width of 900 units. Each square on the wall in the figure is a side panel 1 of a block, that is, a block. As shown in the figure, the blocks can be made in different sizes to meet different building needs, and the structure should conform to the description of the above embodiments.

[0120] At this time, the splicing between the blocks is shown in Figure 6(b). The upper and lower adjacent blocks are connected by interlocking the tongue groove at the bottom of the upper block with the limiting structure 13 and the tongue groove at the top of the lower block. The left and right adjacent blocks are connected by the horizontal insert 23 at the right end of the left block in the figure being inserted into the vertical groove 3 at the left end of the right block in the figure. The splicing connection between the blocks can be achieved without the use of mortar.

[0121] For ease of explanation, the vertical grooves 3 and horizontal grooves 4 are shown on the masonry blocks in Figure 6(b) using perspective. After the masonry blocks are joined together, the vertical grooves 3 of blocks in the same vertical direction are interconnected to form vertical grouting channels, and the horizontal grooves 4 of blocks in the same horizontal direction are interconnected to form horizontal grouting channels. During construction, reinforcing bars 5 are placed in the vertical and horizontal grouting channels, and concrete is pumped, ultimately forming a structure like... Figure 7 The reinforced concrete grid shown.

[0122] like Figure 8 As shown, in the reinforced concrete grid within the structural wall formed by the blocks of this invention, each horizontal concrete beam 61 is a continuous whole covering the entire wall in the same horizontal direction, and each vertical concrete column 62 is also a continuous whole covering the entire wall in the same vertical line. This allows the grid-like reinforced concrete grid to withstand higher static loads (structural resistance) and dynamic loads (horizontal forces).

[0123] The blocks in the above embodiments can be further assembled using an interlaced (seamed) method as shown in Figure 9(a), which can also ultimately form Figure 7 The reinforced concrete grid is shown. At this point, the splicing between the blocks is as shown in Figure 9(b). In the figure, the first layer of blocks are spliced ​​together by horizontal inserts 23, forming a vertical grouting channel corresponding to the first layer. The second layer of blocks are all rotated 180 degrees around an axis perpendicular to the panel 1, and then connected by interlocking between the top tongue-groove fitting limiting structure 13 and the top tongue-groove fitting limiting structure 13 of the blocks below. The blocks adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction of the second layer are still connected by horizontal inserts 23 embedded in the vertical grooves 3 of adjacent blocks. The rotated blocks and the blocks below them have their core blocks 2 facing each other (in the same horizontal position), so that the vertical grooves 3 of these two blocks are located on the left and right sides of the core block 2 at the same horizontal position. Thus, the vertical grooves 3 of the second layer blocks and the vertical grooves 3 of the block directly below it in the first layer are at the same horizontal position, thus forming the same vertical grouting channel. By splicing together blocks that are upright and inverted in this way, a complete and continuous grouting channel can be formed in the vertical direction through staggered joint pressing.

[0124] At this time, for the horizontal grouting channel, as can be seen from FIG. 9(a), since the second layer of blocks in the figure is rotated by 180 degrees, the horizontal groove 4 at the top of the block is directed downward, and therefore the horizontal grooves 4 of the first and second layers of blocks in the figure are buckled up and down to form a horizontal grouting channel; and the third layer of blocks in the figure is a block in normal position, and therefore the second and third layers of blocks in the figure are connected by the tongue-and-groove limiting structure 13 between the block bottoms, and there is no horizontal groove 4 to form a horizontal grouting channel.

[0125] Therefore, when assembled in the staggered manner, there will be one left-right complete and continuous horizontal grouting channel after every two rows of blocks; compared with the linearly assembled two adjacent rows of blocks, which will have one left-right complete and continuous horizontal grouting channel, the staggered assembly in the wall forms a larger spacing between the horizontal concrete beams 61 of the concrete grid, which is about twice that of the linear assembly; but since the corresponding horizontal grouting channel is formed by the buckling of the horizontal grooves 4 of two blocks as shown in FIG. 10(a), the horizontal concrete beams 61 formed in the wall by the staggered assembly are thicker, about twice as thick as the horizontal concrete beams 61 formed by the linear assembly of a single block as shown in FIG. 10(b).

[0126] In order to match the staggered assembly manner, the tongue-and-groove limiting structure 13 at the top and bottom of the block, which is located at the two end portions, is a half of a complete tongue 131 or groove 132, so that when the blocks are assembled in the staggered manner, as shown in the dashed circle in FIG. 9(b), the upper block can tightly hold the complete tongue formed by the two half-tongues 131 at the joint end portions of the two adjacent blocks below through a complete groove 132 at the position of the press joint of the block below, further enhancing the structural strength during the staggered assembly.

[0127] A typical construction procedure for using the block structure wall introduced in this embodiment is to fix the vertical steel bars on the foundation before laying the first layer of blocks and start assembling the blocks. Since the vertical groove 3 of each block for forming the grouting channel is a half-open structure, not a block in the prior art as introduced in the background, and the grouting reinforcement hole is a four-closed hole formed on the block body, it is difficult to lay the steel bars and assemble the blocks, or the structural strength is reduced without using steel bars; therefore, the scheme of this embodiment makes the block assembly very easy and efficient, faster than the block assembly of the prior art. During the assembly process, the horizontal steel bars are laid in the horizontal grouting channel before the horizontal grouting channel is closed, and the horizontal steel bars can be bundled and fixed at the intersection position with the vertical steel bars; the positional relationship between the vertical steel bars 51 and the horizontal steel bars 52 and the blocks is shown in FIGS. 11(a) and 11(b).

[0128] After several layers of blocks are laid, the vertical and horizontal grouting channels are fully pumped and vibrated to make the concrete compact and tight. The concrete solidifies and strengthens the wall at a lower height during the splicing process, while the upper layer only needs to continue splicing and laying blocks, without the need for expensive external support to maintain the verticality and squareness of the wall, thereby saving time and construction cost.

[0129] The required concrete or cement grout can be reduced under the premise of structural compliance, thereby reducing the internal quality, pressure leakage and burst.

[0130] The overall strength of the concrete grid structure can be adjusted as needed by engineering calculation, including increasing the grouting strength (Mpa) and the diameter size (mm 2 ) of the reinforcing steel bar, etc.

[0131] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the expressions "horizontal direction" and "vertical direction" used in the embodiments are considered in the general case that the structural wall of the building is constructed on a horizontal foundation or ground, at which time the blocks are laid horizontally. It is not excluded that the wall can be constructed along an inclined ground, at which time the "horizontal direction" and "vertical direction" should be understood as the horizontal direction and the vertical direction with the block as the reference, i.e. the horizontal direction is parallel to the top and bottom of the block, and the vertical direction is perpendicular to the top and bottom of the block.

[0132] Thermal concrete formwork block embodiment 5:

[0133] On the basis of embodiment 4, in order for the concrete to more easily enter the position below the intermediate core block 2 in the horizontal grouting channel during the grouting process and avoid the existence of air bubbles in the formed concrete beam, as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 4 , a grouting hole 21 is opened through the entire intermediate core block 2 in the middle position of the intermediate core block 2 in the up-and-down direction from the top to the bottom of the block. During the pouring of the concrete, the grouting hole 21 of the uppermost layer of blocks can be directly grouted or the concrete flows to the grouting hole 21 along the horizontal grouting channel after grouting at other positions and flows into the grouting hole 21. Since the grouting holes 21 of the blocks above and below are located in the same vertical direction, i.e. the grouting holes 21 are opposite to each other, the concrete will be able to directly flow to the horizontal grouting channels below through the grouting holes 21, making up for the difficulty of the poor flowability of the concrete to fill the grouting channels below the intermediate core block 2 when grouting only through the vertical grouting channels.

[0134] As a further improvement, as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 4As shown, the top of the middle core block 2 of the block, that is, the side of the middle core block 2 adjacent to the horizontal groove 4 of the block, forms a two-side inclined surface 22 with a middle high and two sides low, and the grouting hole 21 is located at the highest position in the middle, so that the concrete falling from the grouting hole 21 of the upper block can quickly flow to both sides of the grouting hole 21 through the two-side inclined surface 22 at the bottom of the grouting channel, that is, the top of the middle core block 2 of the block, in the horizontal direction of the layer, avoiding the accumulation of concrete directly below the grouting hole 21 of the upper block, resulting in that the other positions below the middle core block 2 of the upper block cannot be filled with concrete.

[0135] Thermal insulation concrete formwork block embodiment 6:

[0136] On the basis of the block structure provided in the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a typical block manufacturing material formula, and the specific components used can be adjusted according to the existing materials of the manufacturing country and the requirements of the building regulations of the supplied country. Possible compositions include but are not limited to:

[0137] Lightweight materials and sand: volcanic rock and volcanic glass (also known as volcanic cinder), pumice, perlite, clay, slate, shale;

[0138] Lightweight fine powder and powder: carbonates, sulfates, oxides and hydroxides of calcium, silicon, magnesium and aluminum;

[0139] Lightweight fly ash: volcanic ash, fly ash, slag;

[0140] Thermal resistance substitutes: petroleum chemical foam EPS (Expanded Polystyrene), PUR (polyurethane), PIR (polyisocyanurate), etc.;

[0141] Cement and binder: Portland cement, high-alumina cement, such as CAC (calcium aluminate cement) or CSA (calcium sulfoaluminate cement), sodium silicate;

[0142] Aerator: chemical additives, plasticizers, foam generation, aerogel.

[0143] The thermal insulation concrete formwork block of this embodiment is made of the above lightweight concrete material and aerated cement technology, so it is lighter and easier to construct. Lightweight concrete material and aerated cement have natural thermal insulation performance, and the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of this embodiment can meet and exceed the current building thermal insulation requirements and fireproof specifications and regulations.

[0144] Insulated Concrete Forms (ICF) made of polystyrene are lighter, easier to assemble and have some thermal insulation, but their non-concrete surface still requires expensive cladding or decorative facing on both sides and fill with 70% more concrete than required for the structure.

[0145] Evaluating the structural engineering of reinforced concrete components of many current buildings, a significant phenomenon is that 40% of the structural concrete requires support for more than 70% of the excess non-structural concrete (self-weight) that contributes little or nothing to thermal insulation value and results in unnecessary engineering and construction costs that could have been used for the current structure.

[0146] In contrast, the thermal insulation concrete form block of the present embodiment has 80% of its volume (both side panels and the middle core, i.e. the structural grid) with non-combustible thermal resistance, thermal insulation and fire resistance.

[0147] Removing the unnecessary non-structural concrete from the building reduces the total weight of the building, which means a reduction in the volume of structural concrete (up to 70% of the current amount of concrete used). Since the production of concrete is estimated to account for 4-8% of the total global CO2 emissions, the use of the block of the present embodiment for construction has a much smaller impact on climate change. The use of low-CO2 emission refractory cement in the actual product can further reduce the impact on the climate.

[0148] The thermal insulation concrete form block of the present embodiment has an industrial concrete appearance on its own without the need for additional thermal insulation, cladding or plastering, which can reduce costs compared to polystyrene ICF that still requires cladding. Of course, it can still be painted, sprayed or have a decorative surface added according to aesthetic needs.

[0149] In summary, the thermal insulation concrete form block of the present embodiment has the advantages of high construction efficiency, high structural strength, low cost and energy saving and environmental protection, while evaluating the wall construction cost of the structural wall of the current building.

[0150] Structural wall embodiment:

[0151] The structural wall of the present embodiment is formed by splicing and stacking the thermal insulation concrete form block of the present embodiment. The structure of the thermal insulation concrete form block and the splicing method, as well as the wall structure of the structural wall formed thereby, are sufficiently clear from the description of the thermal insulation concrete form block embodiment and will not be described again here.

[0152] Building embodiment:

[0153] The building of the embodiment comprises the structural wall introduced in the structural wall embodiment, the structural wall is formed by splicing and piling the thermal insulation concrete formwork block of the utility model, the structure and splicing method of the specific thermal insulation concrete formwork block and the wall structure of the formed structural wall have been introduced in the thermal insulation concrete formwork block embodiment enough clearly, and here is not repeated.

Claims

1. A type of thermally insulated concrete formwork block, characterized in that, It includes an inner and outer surface layer structure and a heat insulation core block between the surface layer structure; the top and / or bottom, left end and / or right end of the heat insulation core block are formed by a groove structure between the inner side surface of the two surface layer structures and the surface of the heat insulation core block.

2. The thermal insulation concrete formwork block according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation core block also has a grouting channel in the middle that connects the upper and lower surfaces of the insulation core block.

3. The thermal insulation concrete formwork block according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper surface of the insulation core block forms a ridge structure, with the top of the ridge structure located at the middle position in the horizontal direction of the insulation core block.

4. The thermal insulation concrete formwork block according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, The trench structure forms a longitudinally and transversely connected channel with the adjacent trench structure when the thermal insulation concrete formwork blocks are spliced; after the channel is reinforced with steel bars and filled with concrete grout, it forms a concrete grid structure with a certain structural strength.

5. The thermal insulation concrete formwork block according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, At least one side of the surface layer structure has a limiting structure on the inner or outer thickness portion of the top and bottom for interlocking and complementary matching with the corresponding position of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block arranged adjacent in the vertical direction; the other part of the thickness of the surface layer structure outside the limiting structure forms a sealing structure for fitting with the corresponding position of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block arranged adjacent in the vertical direction.

6. The thermal insulation concrete formwork block according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting structure is a tongue-and-groove fitting limiting structure.

7. The thermal insulation concrete formwork block according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, At least one side of the layer structure has stepped structures at the top and bottom for matching the corresponding positions of the thermally insulated concrete formwork blocks arranged adjacent in the vertical direction, with upper limits in the internal and external directions.

8. The thermal insulation concrete formwork block according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, The groove structure is provided at one end of the left and right ends of the heat insulation core block. The heat insulation core block protrudes from between the two surface layer structures to the other end of the left and right ends of the heat insulation core block outside the two surface layer structures, forming an insertion part for insertion into the groove structure of the adjacent block and upper limit positioning in the inward and outward directions.

9. The thermal insulation concrete formwork block according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, The upper end of the heat insulation core block is provided with the groove structure, and the heat insulation core block protrudes from between the two surface layers to the lower end of the heat insulation core block beyond the two surface layers, forming an insertion part for insertion into the groove structure of the adjacent block below, with upper limit positioning in the inward and outward directions.

10. The thermal insulation concrete formwork block according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block formed by the inner and outer surface layer structure and the middle thermal insulation core block ensures that the thermal insulation parameters of the thermal insulation concrete formwork block meet the requirements of building standards.

11. A structural wall, characterized in that, It includes linearly or staggered insulated concrete formwork blocks as described in any one of claims 4 to 9, and the concrete grid structure formed in the channel.

12. A building, characterized in that, Including the structural wall as described in claim 11.

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