Permanent magnet synchronizer

Abstract

A permanent magnet synchronizer is mainly composed of a gear hub, a joint sleeve, a joint disc, a synchronizing ring, a transmission shaft, a bearing, a magnet and a gear shifting fork. According to the working principle, in a neutral gear, the joint sleeve is located in the middle; at the moment, magnetic lines emitted by the magnet form a closed loop through the magnet, the gear hub and the joint sleeve, and no magnetic force exists between the synchronous ring and the magnet; the joint sleeve teeth are separated from the joint disc teeth, and no power transmission exists. The gear shifting fork pushes the joint sleeve to move in the direction of a certain joint disc of the gear hub, firstly, an eddy current ring on the synchronous ring cuts magnetic lines of force of a magnet to generate eddy current electromagnetic force, and the joint sleeve and the synchronous ring tend to be synchronous rapidly; then, the synchronous teeth and the magnets attract each other to realize and keep synchronous; and the joint sleeve continuously slides on the gear hub until the joint disc teeth are completely engaged with the joint sleeve teeth, and one-time gear shifting is completed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile transmission, specifically is a permanent magnet synchronizer for transmission gear shifting. BACKGROUND

[0002] The synchronizer is a key gear shifting component of the automobile transmission, and its function is to synchronize the input end and the output end of the synchronizer with different rotating speeds in the gear shifting process to reduce the gear shifting impact.

[0003] The most widely used synchronizer at present is the inertia type synchronizer, which mainly comprises a toothed hub, a friction cone disc, a friction cone ring and an engaging sleeve; during operation, the input end and the output end of the synchronizer with different rotating speeds are synchronized through the friction of the friction cone disc and the friction cone ring; thus, the engaging sleeve can smoothly rotate synchronously with the gear, and the gear shifting action is completed. Since the input end and the output end of the synchronizer are synchronized through the friction of the friction surface of the friction cone disc and the friction cone ring, the friction cone disc and the friction cone ring will inevitably be worn during operation. With the increase of the number of gear shifts, the gear shifting displacement increases sharply, and the friction cone disc and the friction cone ring are difficult to be pressed tightly, resulting in the failure of the synchronizer.

[0004] The utility model aims at overcoming the above technical defects, and provides a novel synchronizer that synchronizes through the magnetic force of a magnet; compared with the ordinary synchronizer, there is no friction and wear between the driving and driven parts during operation, and the working reliability is higher and the structure is simpler. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0005] The utility model discloses a structure mainly by tooth hub, joint cover, joint disc, synchronous ring, transmission shaft, bearing, high gear, low gear, magnet and shift fork. The transmission shaft is in the shape of ladder, and the spline is made on it. The tooth hub is cylindrical, and is made of steel; the spline and the guide tooth are made on it, and the tooth hub is sleeved on the transmission shaft through the spline. The joint cover is cylindrical, and the guide groove and the magnet installation groove are made on the inner circle, and a circle of joint cover teeth is made on both ends; it is made of steel; the annular groove is made in the middle of the outer circle, and is used for placing the shift fork; the joint cover is sleeved on the tooth hub through the guide groove on it and the guide tooth on the tooth hub, and the joint cover can slide on the tooth hub; the joint cover teeth are evenly distributed, and the joint cover teeth are made into trapezoid in the axial direction, so that the joint is easier. The joint disc is cylindrical, and is made of two circular rings; the big end outer edge is made of a circle of evenly distributed joint disc teeth; the number of the joint disc teeth is equal to that of the joint cover teeth, and the shape is same with the tooth groove of the joint cover teeth, but the tooth thickness is slightly smaller than the tooth groove width; when the magnet on the joint cover and the synchronous tooth on the synchronous ring are opposite, the joint disc tooth and the tooth groove of the joint cover tooth are opposite. The synchronous ring is circular, and is made of steel; the outer circle of the synchronous ring is made of a circle of eddy current rings and a circle of evenly distributed synchronous teeth; during installation, the eddy current ring is located on the tooth hub side; the eddy current ring is used for cutting the magnetic force line of the magnet to generate the eddy current electromagnetic force when there is speed difference between the joint cover and the synchronous ring during the shift process; the eddy current electromagnetic force makes the joint cover and the synchronous ring synchronize rapidly; the synchronous tooth is used for mutual attraction with the magnet on the joint cover to realize synchronization; the synchronous ring and the joint disc are fixed together through the screw or interference fit, and the joint disc is installed on the transmission shaft through the bearing. The high gear and the low gear are fixed on the left and right joint discs respectively; the magnet is arc-shaped, and is bonded and fixed in the joint cover magnet installation groove, and the adjacent magnets are opposite in polarity.

[0006] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect is: compared with ordinary synchronizer, there is no friction and wear between driving and driven part when working, and the structure is simpler, and the working reliability is higher; realize synchronization through magnetic force, can improve the smoothness of shift. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0007] ATTACHED Figure 1 It is the structure diagram of the utility model, and the figure 1 joint cover, 2 synchronous tooth, 3 synchronous ring, 4 transmission shaft, 5 bearing, 6 high gear, 7 joint disc, 8 joint disc tooth, 9 joint cover tooth, 10 shift fork, 11 guide tooth, 12 tooth hub, 13 low gear, 14 snap ring, 15 spline, 16 magnet, 17 eddy current ring, 18 positioning sleeve.

[0008] ATTACHED Figure 2 It is the sectional view of the utility model A-A face.

[0009] The figure 1 joint cover, 12 tooth hub, 4 transmission shaft, 16 magnet in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] Appendix Figure 1 The transmission shaft 4 is stepped, with splines 15 on it; the gear hub 12 is annular, and is fitted onto the transmission shaft 4 via splines 15; the coupling sleeve 1 is a cylindrical shape made of steel, with a guide groove and a magnet mounting groove on its inner circle, and a ring of coupling sleeve teeth 9 at each end; its outer circle also has an annular groove for placing the shift fork 10. The coupling sleeve 1 is fitted onto the gear hub 12 through the guide groove on it and the guide teeth 11 on the gear hub 12, and the coupling sleeve 1 can slide on the gear hub 12; the coupling sleeve teeth 9 on the coupling sleeve 1 are evenly distributed and are trapezoidal. The coupling disc 7 is a cylindrical shape composed of two rings, made of steel; its outer edge has a ring of evenly distributed coupling disc teeth 8, the number of teeth of the coupling disc teeth 8 is equal to that of the coupling sleeve teeth 9, and the shape is the same as the tooth groove of the coupling sleeve teeth 9. Synchronizing ring 3 is annular and made of steel. The outer circumference of synchronizing ring 3 has a vortex ring 17 and a ring of evenly distributed synchronizing teeth 2. During installation, the vortex ring 17 is located on the side of the gear hub 12. Synchronizing ring 3 is fixed to the engagement plate 7 with screws or an interference fit. The engagement plate 7 is mounted on the transmission shaft 4 via bearing 5. High-gear 6 and low-gear 13 are respectively fixed to the engagement plate 7. Magnet 16 is arc-shaped and is bonded and fixed in the magnet mounting groove on the engagement sleeve 1. During installation, adjacent magnets have opposite polarities.

[0011] Working principle:

[0012] Neutral: The shift fork puts the engagement sleeve in the middle position; at this time, the magnetic lines of force emitted by the magnet form a closed loop through the magnet-tooth hub-engagement sleeve, and there is no magnetic force between the synchronizing ring and the magnet; the engagement sleeve separates from the engagement plate, and there is no power transmission.

[0013] Gear shifting: The gear shifting mechanism drives the shift fork to push the engagement sleeve along a certain engagement plate direction of the gear hub. The magnet on the engagement sleeve approaches the synchronizing ring. First, the eddy current ring on the synchronizing ring cuts the magnetic lines of force emitted by the magnet, generating eddy current electromagnetic force, which makes the engagement sleeve and the synchronizing ring quickly synchronize. Then, the synchronizing teeth on the synchronizing ring and the magnet on the engagement sleeve attract each other to achieve and maintain synchronization. At this time, the magnetic lines of force of the magnet form a closed loop through the magnet-synchronizing teeth-magnet-engagement sleeve. Finally, the engagement sleeve continues to move on the gear hub until the teeth of the engagement plate and the teeth of the engagement sleeve are fully engaged, completing one gear shift. Power is transmitted by the engagement of the teeth of the engagement plate and the teeth of the engagement sleeve.

[0014] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principle of this utility model as a synchronizer. This utility model can also be used as a clutch for lightly loaded working machines.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet synchronizer, characterized in that: The permanent magnet synchronizer consists of a gear hub, a coupling sleeve, a coupling disc, a synchronization ring, a transmission shaft, bearings, a high-gear gear, a low-gear gear, a magnet, and a shift fork. The transmission shaft is stepped and has splines on it. The gear hub is cylindrical and made of steel, with splines and guide teeth on it. The gear hub is fitted onto the transmission shaft via splines.

2. A permanent magnet synchronizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The engagement sleeve is a cylindrical shape made of steel with a guide groove and a magnet mounting groove on the inner circle and a ring of engagement sleeve teeth at each end; the outer circle also has an annular groove in the middle part for placing the shift fork. The engagement sleeve is fitted onto the gear hub through the guide groove on it and the guide teeth on the gear hub. The engagement sleeve can slide on the gear hub; the engagement sleeve teeth on the engagement sleeve are evenly distributed.

3. A permanent magnet synchronizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling disc is a cylindrical shape composed of two circular rings and is made of steel. A ring of evenly distributed coupling disc teeth is made on the outer edge of its large end. The number of teeth on the coupling disc is equal to the number of teeth on the coupling sleeve, and the shape is the same as the tooth groove of the coupling sleeve teeth, but the tooth thickness is slightly smaller than the tooth groove width. When the magnet on the coupling sleeve is aligned with the synchronous tooth on the synchronous ring, the tooth groove of the coupling disc is aligned with the tooth groove of the coupling sleeve teeth.

4. A permanent magnet synchronizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the synchronizing ring has a vortex ring and a ring of evenly distributed synchronizing teeth. During installation, the vortex ring is located on the tooth hub side. The vortex ring is used to cut the magnetic lines of force emitted by the magnet to generate eddy current electromagnetic force when there is a speed difference between the engagement sleeve and the synchronizing ring during gear shifting. The eddy current electromagnetic force makes the engagement sleeve and the synchronizing ring synchronize quickly. The synchronizing teeth are used to attract each other with the magnet on the engagement sleeve to achieve synchronization. The synchronizing ring and the engagement plate are fixed together with screws or interference fit.

5. A permanent magnet synchronizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The magnet is arc-shaped and is bonded to the magnet mounting groove of the coupling sleeve. Adjacent magnets have opposite polarities.

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