Electronic switch and medical instrument equipment
By triggering a switch to control the switching unit's on and off states, and combining P-channel and N-channel MOSFETs as electronic switches, the problems of short lifespan of mechanical switches and continuous power supply to the main control chip are solved, achieving a high-lifespan and low-energy-consumption electronic switch design.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423069638.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-11
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, mechanical switches have a short lifespan, and the continuous power supply to the main control chip leads to unnecessary power consumption.
Design an electronic switch that controls the switching unit to turn on and off by triggering the switch, and uses the control unit to monitor the signal to control the second triggering unit to turn on, so that the switching unit does not need to be powered when it is off. Combined with P-channel and N-channel field-effect transistors, the lifespan is improved and energy consumption is saved.
It improves the lifespan of electronic switches, reduces energy consumption in the off state, and is suitable for low-power and battery-powered circuits.
Smart Images
Figure CN223681050U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power electronics, and particularly relates to an electronic switch and a medical instrument device. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the current technology, many power switch designs rely on mechanical switches as control elements. In this design, all the current in the circuit passes through the contacts of the mechanical switch. Each time the switch is operated, an arc is generated between the contacts, which can cause the contacts to burn out after long-term repeated operation, thereby significantly shortening the service life of the mechanical switch.
[0003] To this end, the power switch can be designed based on controllable electronic driving devices such as field effect tubes and the like, and a master control chip and a trigger switch are configured in the periphery of the electronic driving device, and the master control chip monitors the conduction state of the trigger switch. For example, the master control chip controls the electronic driving device to be turned on after the trigger switch is turned on, and the master control chip controls the electronic driving device to be turned off after the trigger switch is turned off, thereby realizing the basic function of the power switch.
[0004] This scheme requires the master control chip to continuously monitor the trigger switch, and the master control chip needs to be powered at all times, resulting in unnecessary power consumption. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an electronic switch in view of the above technical problems.
[0006] The electronic switch of the present application comprises:
[0007] a switch unit having an input terminal, an output terminal, and a trigger terminal for turning on the input terminal and the output terminal when triggered;
[0008] a first trigger unit comprising a trigger switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal being coupled to the trigger terminal, and the second terminal being grounded;
[0009] a second trigger unit having an input terminal coupled to the trigger terminal, an output terminal grounded, and a control terminal for turning on the input terminal and the output terminal when triggered;
[0010] a control unit having a power supply terminal coupled to the output terminal, an enable terminal coupled to the control terminal, and a monitoring terminal coupled to the power supply terminal and coupled to the first terminal via a unidirectional conductive element, the control unit being configured to control the second trigger unit to be turned on through the enable terminal according to a monitoring signal of the monitoring terminal.
[0011] The following also provides several optional modes, but not as an additional limitation of the above general scheme, just a further supplement or preferred, without technical or logical contradiction, each optional mode can be combined alone for the above general scheme, but also can be combined between multiple optional modes.
[0012] Optionally, the trigger switch is an automatic reset switch.
[0013] Optionally, the input end of the unidirectional conductive element is coupled to the monitoring end and the power supply end at the same time, and the output end of the unidirectional conductive element is coupled to the first end of the trigger switch.
[0014] Optionally, the input end of the unidirectional conductive element is connected to the power supply end through a resistor, and the unidirectional conductive element is a diode.
[0015] Optionally, the electronic switch includes a power supply unit coupled between the output end and the power supply end to provide an adapted voltage for the power supply end.
[0016] Optionally, the switch unit includes a first switch tube having the input end, the output end, and the trigger end, and the input end is connected to the trigger end through a resistor.
[0017] Optionally, the first trigger unit includes a diode having a positive electrode connected to the trigger end and a negative electrode connected to the first end.
[0018] Optionally, the second trigger unit includes a second switch tube having the input end, the output end, and the control end.
[0019] Optionally, the first switch tube is a P-channel field effect tube, and the second switch tube is an N-channel field effect tube.
[0020] The present application provides a medical instrument device, which includes an electric element and a power supply circuit connected to the electric element, and the power supply circuit includes the electronic switch as a general power supply switch.
[0021] The electronic switch and the medical instrument device of the present application have at least the following technical effects:
[0022] The first closure of the trigger switch realizes the conduction of the switch unit, and the second closure of the trigger switch realizes the shutdown of the switch unit. The conduction and shutdown of the switch unit are controlled by the trigger switch, which improves the service life of the electronic switch. And the control unit does not need to be powered in the shutdown state of the switch unit, which saves energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a functional module structure of an electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 2 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a functional module structure of an electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Figure 3 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a functional module structure of an electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0026] The reference signs in the drawings are explained as follows:
[0027] 100, first trigger unit; 110, trigger switch; 111, first end; 112, second end;
[0028] 200, second trigger unit; 201, input end; 202, output end; 203, control end;
[0029] 300, switch unit; 301, power-in end; 302, power-out end; 303, trigger end;
[0030] 400, control unit; 401, power supply end; 402, monitoring end; 403, enable end;
[0031] 500, unidirectional conductive element;
[0032] 600, power supply unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0034] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being “connected” with another component, it can be directly connected with the other component or there can be a middle component. When a component is referred to as being “disposed on” another component, it can be directly disposed on the other component or there can be a middle component.
[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this description, the terms “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0036] In the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or an indicated number, order or sequence of the technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.
[0037] In the present application, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a system, product or device that includes a list of elements does not have to be limited to those elements clearly listed, but can include other elements not clearly listed or inherent to such products or devices.
[0038] Referring to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic switch, comprising a switch unit 300, a first trigger unit 100, a second trigger unit 200, and a control unit 400. Wherein:
[0039] The switch unit 300 has a power-in end 301, a power-out end 302, and a trigger end 303, and the trigger end 303 is conductive to the power-in end 301 and the power-out end 302 when triggered.
[0040] The first trigger unit 100 includes a trigger switch 110 with a first end 111 and a second end 112, the first end 111 of the trigger switch 110 is coupled to the trigger end 303, and the second end 112 is grounded.
[0041] The second trigger unit 200 has an input end 201, an output end 202, and a control end 203. Wherein the input end 201 is coupled to the trigger end 303, the output end 202 is grounded, and the control end 203 is conductive to the input end 201 and the output end 202 when triggered.
[0042] The control unit 400 has a power supply end 401, an enable end 403, and a monitoring end 402, wherein the power supply end 401 is coupled to the power-out end 302, the enable end 403 is coupled to the control end 203, and the monitoring end 402 is coupled to the power supply end 401 and coupled to the first end 111 through a unidirectional conductive element, and the control unit 400 is used to control the second trigger unit 200 to be conductive through the enable end 403 according to the monitoring signal of the monitoring end 402.
[0043] In this embodiment, the primary closing of the trigger switch 110 enables the switch unit 300, and the secondary closing of the trigger switch 110 disables the switch unit 300. The on and off of the switch unit 300 is controlled by the trigger switch 110, which improves the service life of the electronic switch. Moreover, the control unit 400 does not need to be powered in the off state of the switch unit 300, which saves energy consumption. Specifically:
[0044] (1) When the trigger switch 110 is closed for the first time, the first end 111 and the second end 112 are conductive, the trigger end 303 is grounded through the trigger switch 110, the trigger end 303 is conductive to the input end 301 and the output end 302, the switch unit 300 is conductive, and the output end 302 is powered. The power supply end 401 is powered by the output end 302, the control unit 400 starts to work, and the monitoring end 402 enters the monitoring state. At the same time, the power supply end 401 discharges to the ground through the unidirectional conductive element 500, and in this process, the monitoring signal of the monitoring end 402 becomes the voltage drop of the unidirectional conductive element 500 to the ground. The control unit 400 is configured to output an enable signal from the enable end 403 when the monitoring end 402 changes from no signal to the voltage drop of the unidirectional conductive element 500 to the ground. When the control end 203 receives the enable signal, the input end 201 and the output end 202 of the second trigger unit 200 are conductive, the trigger end 303 is grounded through the second trigger unit 200, and the switch unit 300 remains in the conductive state.
[0045] (2) When the trigger switch 110 is opened for the first time, the first end 111 and the second end 112 are disconnected, and when the monitoring signal of the monitoring end 402 changes from the voltage drop of the unidirectional conductive element 500 to the ground to the voltage of the power supply end 401, the control unit 400 is configured to be processed without processing. At this time, the control unit 400 remains in the working state, the enable end 403 remains to output the enable signal, and the second trigger unit 200 remains to trigger the switch unit 300 to be conductive.
[0046] (3) When the trigger switch 110 is closed for the second time, the first end 111 and the second end 112 are conductive, and the monitoring signal of the monitoring end 402 changes from the voltage of the power supply end 401 to the voltage drop of the unidirectional conductive element 500 to the ground. The control unit 400 is configured to stop outputting the enable signal from the enable end 403 when the monitoring end 402 changes from the input voltage of the power supply end 401 to the voltage drop of the unidirectional conductive element 500 to the ground. The control end 203 no longer receives the enable signal, and the input end 201 and the output end 202 of the second trigger unit 200 are disconnected. At this time, the first end 111 and the second end 112 of the trigger switch 110 are conductive, and the trigger end 303 is grounded only through the trigger switch 110.
[0047] (4) When the trigger switch 110 is turned off for the second time, the first end 111 and the second end 112 are disconnected. At this time, the trigger end 303 cannot turn on the switch unit 300 through the trigger switch 110, and the trigger end 303 cannot turn on the switch unit 300 through the second trigger unit 200. The switch unit 300 is turned off, the power supply end 401 loses power, the power supply voltage of the control unit 400 continuously decreases until the control unit 400 is turned off, and enters a sleep state without power consumption.
[0048] The trigger switch 110 of the embodiment can be an automatic reset switch, for example, a key switch with automatic reset. The trigger switch 110 is a general switch for controlling the on-off of the switch unit 300 in use, and is a function key for directly triggering the control unit 400 in connection. The embodiment is convenient for realizing the on-off operation in a limited space when applied to a small device. In other embodiments, the control unit 400 can be additionally designed to have input and output ports to realize multi-function operation.
[0049] Referring to Figure 2 , the electronic switch includes a power supply unit 600 coupled between the power output end 302 and the power supply end 401 to provide an adaptive voltage for the power supply end 401. The input end 201 of the unidirectional conductive element 500 is coupled to the monitoring end 402 and the power supply end 401, and the output end 202 of the unidirectional conductive element 500 is coupled to the first end 111 of the trigger switch 110. The first trigger unit 100 includes a diode D1 having a positive electrode connected to the trigger end 303 and a negative electrode connected to the first end 111.
[0050] Referring to Figure 3 , the switch unit 300 includes a resistor R1 coupled between the power input end 301 and the trigger end 303, so that when the trigger switch 110 is closed, the power input end 301 forms a voltage drop on the trigger end 303, thereby turning on the trigger switch 110. The unidirectional conductive element 500 is a diode D2, and the input end 201 of the diode D2 is connected to the power supply end 401 via a resistor R2. The control unit 400 is composed of a master control chip, which can be realized by programmable devices, microprocessors, etc.
[0051] Specifically, the switch unit 300 includes a first switch tube Q1 having a power input end 301, a power output end 302, and a trigger end 303, and the power input end 301 is connected to the trigger end 303 via a resistor. For example, the first switch tube Q1 is a P-channel field effect tube, and the power input end 301, the power output end 302, and the trigger end 303 of the first switch tube Q1 correspond to the source, the drain and the gate of the P-channel field effect tube, respectively. Using a P-channel field effect tube as an electronic switch, no electric arc is generated when turned on or turned off, prolonging the service life.
[0052] The second trigger unit 200 comprises a second switch Q2, which has an input end 201, an output end 202 and a control end 203. For example, the second switch Q2 is an N-channel field effect transistor, and the input end 201, the output end 202 and the control end 203 of the second switch Q2 correspond to the source, the drain and the gate of the N-channel field effect transistor respectively.
[0053] Referring to Figure 3 The specific implementation process is as follows:
[0054] Power-on: when the trigger switch K1 is pressed, the input current flows through the diode D1, the trigger switch K1 and the GND to form a loop, a voltage difference is generated across the resistor R1, the Vgs of the P-channel field effect transistor Q1 in the switch unit 300 is less than 0V, at this time, the P-channel field effect transistor Q1 is in the on state, the power supply unit 600 obtains power, and provides a suitable voltage for the supply end VCC of the control unit 400 to drive the control unit 400 constructed by the main control chip. At the same time, the VCC flows into the GND through the resistor R2, the diode D2 and the trigger switch K1. At this time, the switch monitoring signal level becomes VD2 (the voltage drop of the diode D2 to the GND), after the monitoring end 402 of the control unit 400 monitors the change of the level, the control end 403 outputs an enable signal, and the second trigger unit 200 keeps the high level to control the N-channel field effect transistor Q2 to keep the on state.
[0055] At this time, even if the trigger switch K1 is turned off, the input current can still flow into the GND through the resistor R2 and the N-channel field effect transistor Q2. There is still a voltage difference across the resistor R1, the P-channel field effect transistor Q1 is still in the on state, and the control unit 400 can still output the enable signal. Even if the trigger switch K1 is turned off, the switch unit 300 still keeps the on state. The output voltage of the output end 302 is the input voltage of the input end 301.
[0056] Power-off: the trigger switch K1 is pressed again, the monitoring signal changes from VCC to VD2, after the control chip monitors the change, the control unit 400 stops outputting the enable signal, specifically, the control end 403 keeps the low level, and the control end 403 pulls down the voltage between the gate and the source of the N-channel field effect transistor Q2. The N-channel field effect transistor is cut off, and the original input current path through the resistor R1, the N-channel field effect transistor Q2 can only pass through the resistor R1, the diode D1 and the switch K1 to the GND.
[0057] When the switch K1 is triggered to restore the normally open state, the power supply end VCC continues to supply power to the control unit 400, and the enable signal of the enable end 403 continues to keep the N-channel field effect tube Q2 in the off state. The P-channel field effect tube Q1 is in the off state due to the Vgs between the gate and the source being 0, and the switch unit 300 is turned off. Until the power supply end VCC is lower and lower, the power supply requirement of the control unit 400 cannot be met, and the control unit is turned off. At this time, the switch unit 300 is turned off and enters the shutdown state. In the shutdown state, the drain current of the P-channel field effect tube Q1 is zero, and the standby power consumption is almost zero, which is suitable for low-power and battery-powered circuits.
[0058] The trigger switch 110 which controls the on-off of the switch unit 300 is ingeniously configured as a function key of the control unit 400, and the second trigger unit 200 is processed and controlled by the enable signal output by the enable end 403 through the monitoring of the monitoring end 402 of the control unit 400, and unnecessary power consumption of the control unit 400 when the switch unit 300 is turned off is saved.
[0059] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined in any manner. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist, they should be considered as the scope of the present disclosure. When the technical features in different embodiments are embodied in the same figure, it can be considered that the figure also discloses the combination of the embodiments involved.
[0060] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An electronic switch, characterized in that, include: The switching unit has an input terminal, an output terminal, and a trigger terminal that connects the input terminal and the output terminal when triggered; The first triggering unit includes a trigger switch with a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is coupled to the trigger terminal and the second terminal is grounded; The second triggering unit has an input terminal coupled to the triggering terminal, a grounded output terminal, and a control terminal that turns on the input terminal and the output terminal when triggered; The control unit has a power supply terminal coupled to the output terminal, an enable terminal coupled to the control terminal, and a monitoring terminal. The monitoring terminal is coupled to the power supply terminal and coupled to the first terminal via a unidirectional conductive element. The control unit is used to control the second trigger unit to turn on according to the monitoring signal of the monitoring terminal through the enable terminal.
2. The electronic switch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The trigger switch is an automatic reset switch.
3. The electronic switch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The input terminal of the unidirectional conductive element is coupled to both the monitoring terminal and the power supply terminal, and the output terminal of the unidirectional conductive element is coupled to the first terminal of the trigger switch.
4. The electronic switch as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The input terminal of the unidirectional conductive element is connected to the power supply terminal via a resistor, and the unidirectional conductive element is a diode.
5. The electronic switch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic switch includes a power supply unit coupled between the output terminal and the power supply terminal, providing an adaptive voltage to the power supply terminal.
6. The electronic switch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The switching unit includes a first switching transistor, which has an input terminal, an output terminal, and a trigger terminal. The input terminal is connected to the trigger terminal via a resistor.
7. The electronic switch as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first trigger unit includes a diode whose positive terminal is connected to the trigger terminal and whose negative terminal is connected to the first terminal.
8. The electronic switch as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The second triggering unit includes a second switching transistor, which has the input terminal, the output terminal, and the control terminal.
9. The electronic switch as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The first switching transistor is a P-channel MOSFET, and the second switching transistor is an N-channel MOSFET.
10. A medical device, characterized in that, The medical device includes an electrical component and a power supply circuit connected to the electrical component, wherein the power supply circuit includes the electronic switch as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 as a main power switch.