Hobbing cutter ring of TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine)

Abstract

A TBM hob cutter ring belongs to the technical field of TBM cutters and comprises a cutter ring base body, a cutter hub mounting hole is formed in the middle of the cutter ring base body, two sets of flat top cutter rings and two sets of inserted tooth cutter rings are evenly distributed on the surface of the cutter ring base body in the circumferential direction of the cutter ring base body, and the two sets of flat top cutter rings and the two sets of inserted tooth cutter rings are arranged in a staggered mode. The top of the flat top cutter ring and the top of the inserted tooth cutter ring are located on the same circumferential curved surface. According to the utility model, the flat top cutter rings and the inserted tooth cutter rings are arranged in a staggered manner, so that rock cracks are fully expanded, the penetration degree is improved, the rock breaking specific energy is reduced, and the rock breaking efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of TBM cutter, more particularly, relate to a TBM cutter wheel. BACKGROUND

[0002] TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine, full-face tunnel boring machine) is a kind of factory-like assembly line type tunnel construction equipment integrating construction processes such as tunneling, supporting and slag removal, and is particularly suitable for deep buried long tunnel construction under complex geographical and topographical conditions, with the advantages of fast tunneling speed, high environmental protection and efficiency, safety performance and the like. It is widely used in railway, hydropower, transportation, mine and municipal tunnel engineering, and is one of the key technologies in the field of tunnel construction.

[0003] For example, the opening of Shenzhen Metro Line 10 adopts TBM technology, which solves the problems of high rock hardness, the need to pass through Jigong Mountain and Xiamen-Shenzhen railway and other complex geology and construction. As one of the core components of TBM, the cutter plays a crucial role in breaking rocks and advancing the tunneling process. The cutter is installed on the cutter head, and the hydraulic propelling rod pushes the cutter head to the tunneling surface, so that the cutter is pressed against the tunneling surface. Under the action of the thrust of the hydraulic system and the torque of the cutter head system, the cutter cuts the rock. When the thrust generated by the hydraulic rod is greater than the compressive strength of the rock on the tunneling surface, the cutter penetrates the rock, and the tunneling surface is extruded by the cutter to form multiple grooves. With the continuous advancement of the hydraulic system, the cracks continue to deepen and expand. Once the force applied by the equipment to the tunneling surface is greater than the shear and tensile strength of the rock, the rock on the tunneling surface will fall off, thus completing the rock breaking.

[0004] However, the existing cutter ring, flat-top cutter ring and round-top cutter ring, has some shortcomings, for example:

[0005] The flat-top cutter ring (as shown in the figure) has low penetration degree, slow advancing speed, large contact area with rock, high rock breaking specific energy, large compact core area, obvious lagging effect of rock debris, and is prone to typical three-body abrasive wear, resulting in serious plastic deformation or brittle fracture on the surface of the cutter ring, Figure 2 The round-top cutter ring (as shown in the figure) has weak crack propagation ability and is prone to local wear; and the lagging effect of rock debris is obvious.

[0006] Figure 3 This series of shortcomings seriously affects the overall tunneling efficiency of TBM. Therefore, it is necessary to design the structure of the cutter ring to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and improve the working efficiency of TBM. SUMMARY

[0007] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0008] ​In view of the above prior art defects, the utility model discloses a TBM cutter ring for solving the technical problem of low TBM overall tunneling efficiency in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above object and other related objects, the utility model provides a TBM cutter ring, including cutter ring base body, the cutter ring base body middle part is equipped with cutter hub installation hole, the cutter ring base body outer edge is uniformly distributed with two groups of flat top cutter ring and two groups of inlay tooth cutter ring along its periphery, two groups flat top cutter ring and two groups inlay tooth cutter ring staggered setting, the top of flat top cutter ring and inlay tooth cutter ring is on the same circumferential surface.

[0010] Preferably in any of the above solutions, the cutter hub installation hole is treated with inverted right angle.

[0011] Preferably in any of the above solutions, each group of inlay tooth cutter ring is composed of 8-10 tooth edges evenly arranged.

[0012] Preferably in any of the above solutions, each group of inlay tooth cutter ring is composed of 9 tooth edges evenly arranged.

[0013] Preferably in any of the above solutions, the tooth shape of the tooth edge is formed by rotating an ellipse along its long axis.

[0014] Preferably in any of the above solutions, the two ends of the flat top cutter ring are treated with inverted round angle.

[0015] As described above, the utility model discloses a TBM cutter ring, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1、in the utility model, the staggered arrangement of flat top cutter ring and inlay tooth cutter ring makes rock cracks fully expand, improves penetration, reduces rock breaking specific energy and improves rock breaking efficiency.

[0017] 2、in the utility model, the setting of inlay tooth cutter ring reduces the contact area of the cutter and the rock, reduces excessive rock breaking, and due to the special structure of the tooth edge, smaller cutter disc thrust can also form good initial cracks.

[0018] 3、in the utility model, the setting of the tooth gap of inlay tooth cutter ring makes rock slag be discharged well, reduces rock slag stagnation and discharge effect, reduces three-body abrasive wear, reduces the risk of cutter plastic deformation or brittle fracture, prolongs the service life of the cutter and improves the rock breaking efficiency.

[0019] 4、in the utility model, the setting of flat top cutter ring retains the good rock crack expansion ability of traditional flat top cutter, improves penetration, reduces specific energy and improves rock breaking efficiency.

[0020] 5、The utility model discloses a flat top cutter ring and the inlay tooth cutter ring top are on a circumferential surface, make the hob and rock contact smooth, reduce the impact, improve the service life of hob. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the utility model is shown.

[0022] Figure 2 The TBM commonly used flat top cutter ring schematic diagram is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 The TBM commonly used round top cutter ring schematic diagram is shown.

[0024] Figure 4 The front view of the utility model is shown.

[0025] Figure 5 The left view of the utility model is shown.

[0026] Figure 6 The top view of the utility model is shown.

[0027] Figure 7 The cutter ring local enlarged schematic diagram in the utility model is shown.

[0028] Element number explanation

[0029] 1-cutter ring base body, 2-cutter hub installation hole, 3-flat top cutter ring, 4-inlay tooth cutter ring, 5-round top cutter ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is by specific embodiment of the utility model, the person skilled in the art can easily understand the other advantages and effects of the utility model from the content disclosed in the specification.

[0031] It is known that the structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the drawings attached to the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for the person skilled in the art to understand and read, and not used to limit the limiting conditions that the utility model can be implemented, so it does not have the technical essence, any modification of structure, change of ratio relationship or adjustment of size, under the condition that it does not affect the effect and the purpose that the utility model can produce, should still fall within the scope that the technical content disclosed in the utility model can cover.At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" in the specification are only for the convenience of clear understanding of the description, and not used to limit the scope that the utility model can be implemented, the change or adjustment of relative relationship, when the technical content is not substantially changed, it is also regarded as the scope that the utility model can be implemented.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 ,3 The utility model provides a TBM hobbing cutter ring, including cutter ring base body 1, the cutter ring base body 1 middle part is equipped with cutter hub mounting hole 2, the outer edge of cutter ring base body 1 is uniformly distributed with two groups of flat top cutter ring 3 and two groups of inlay tooth cutter ring 4 along its circumference, two groups flat top cutter ring 3 and two groups inlay tooth cutter ring 4 are staggered and set, the top of flat top cutter ring 3 and inlay tooth cutter ring 4 is on the same circumferential surface.

[0033] In use, the TBM hobbing cutter ring includes the cutter ring base body 1, the cutter hub mounting hole 2, the flat top cutter ring 3 and the inlay tooth cutter ring 4. The flat top cutter ring 3 and the inlay tooth cutter ring 4 are staggered and uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the cutter ring base body 1. That is, the cutter ring base body 1 as a whole has a disc structure, and the outer edge of the cutter ring base body 1 is sequentially arranged along the circumference by 1 / 4 flat top cutter ring 3, 1 / 4 inlay tooth cutter ring 4, 1 / 4 flat top cutter ring 3 and 1 / 4 inlay tooth cutter ring 4. In the working process of the TBM using the cutter ring, the hobbing cutter works in a periodic process from the initial rock breaking by the inlay tooth cutter ring 4 to the crack expansion by the flat top cutter ring 3, so as to reduce the rock breaking specific energy, speed up the advancing speed, promote the rock debris discharge, reduce the cutter ring wear and improve the rock breaking efficiency. Specifically,

[0034] By jointly adjusting the layout of the hobbing cutter on the cutter head, the advancing pressure of the cutter head and the related parameters, all the hobbing cutter works in a periodic process from the inlay tooth cutter ring 4 to the flat top cutter ring 3. When the inlay tooth cutter ring 4 works, the advancing pressure of the cutter head is reduced. At this time, due to the particularity of the structure of the inlay tooth cutter ring 4, the small advancing pressure can also make the rock form good initial cracks. When the flat top cutter ring 3 works, the advancing pressure of the cutter head is increased. At this time, the advantage of large penetration of the flat top cutter ring 3 is utilized to further expand the initial cracks of the rock. Due to the existence of the inlay tooth, the contact area between the hobbing cutter and the rock is reduced, and the gap between the inlay teeth is beneficial to the discharge of the rock debris.

[0035] In the embodiment, the tooth profile of the tooth edge in the flat top cutter ring 3 is formed by rotating an ellipse along its long axis. The top of the flat top cutter ring 3 and the inlay tooth cutter ring 4 is on the same circumferential surface, which ensures the smooth contact between the hobbing cutter and the rock and reduces the impact.

[0036] In the embodiment, the inner side of the cutter ring base body 1 is a cylindrical annular inner wall. The cylindrical annular inner wall forms the cutter hub mounting hole 2, and the cylindrical annular inner wall is processed with an inverted right angle to facilitate the installation of the hobbing cutter hub.

[0037] In the embodiment, the cutter ring base body 1 is made of H13 steel or DC-53 steel.

[0038] In the embodiment, the flat top cutter ring 3 and the inlay tooth cutter ring 4 are treated by heat treatment or surface strengthening. The heat treatment includes but is not limited to quenching and tempering, complex phase strengthening heat treatment. The surface strengthening treatment includes but is not limited to laser cladding, coating technology and surface quenching.

[0039] As a further description of the above embodiment, each of the insert toothed rings 4 is composed of 9 tooth edges arranged uniformly. The gap between adjacent tooth edges is beneficial to the discharge of rock slag, reduces the effect of rock slag stagnation, reduces three-body abrasive wear, reduces the risk of plastic deformation or brittle fracture of the hob, prolongs the service life of the hob, and improves the rock breaking efficiency.

[0040] Of course, the number of tooth edges on the insert toothed ring 4 is not limited to 9, and can be adjusted accordingly according to actual conditions, such as each of the insert toothed rings 4 being composed of 8-10 tooth edges arranged uniformly.

[0041] As a further description of the above embodiment, the two ends of the flat-top ring 3 are rounded, which effectively avoids stress concentration.

[0042] Under the same penetration, the contact area between the conventional flat-top hob and the rock is larger, resulting in a more uniform pressure distribution per unit area, but the overall cutting force required is also increased. This larger cutting force results in more energy consumption during the rock breaking process. At the same time, the flat-top ring has strong crack propagation ability during the rock breaking process, which means that under the same penetration, the flat-top ring can more effectively propagate cracks and break more rock volume. Although this helps to improve the rock breaking efficiency, it also means that more energy is needed to achieve this process, resulting in a higher specific energy for rock breaking.

[0043] Although the commonly used round-top hob has a lower specific energy for rock breaking compared to the flat-top hob, its crack propagation ability is relatively weak during the rock breaking process, resulting in a smaller volume of rock fragments. This means that under the same penetration, the round-top hob breaks less rock volume and has a relatively low rock breaking efficiency. At the same time, the contact area between the round-top hob and the rock and the stress concentration range are small, and long-term use can easily cause local wear, making the radius of the round-top hob change more. This will cause uneven wear of the hob during use, affecting its service life.

[0044] The example of the present application rationally designs the blade shape and distribution of the TBM hob ring, adjusts the layout of the hob on the cutter head, the pushing pressure of the cutter head and related parameters, flexibly uses the advantages of large penetration of flat-top ring and small specific energy of round-top ring, reduces the specific energy for rock breaking of TBM in the working project, increases the rock breaking volume, and alternately works the insert toothed ring 4 and the flat-top ring 3, reduces the risk of increased wear caused by stress concentration of the tooth part, and improves the rock breaking efficiency.

[0045] Meanwhile, the stress of the flat top cutter ring 3 extends downwards more strongly in the rock breaking process, which makes the rock crack more easily extend downwards, that is, the flat top cutter ring 3 has good crack extension capacity and large penetration degree; and the stress of the insert cutter ring 4 evenly spreads to the surrounding in the rock breaking process, which makes the rock crack not easily extend downwards, that is, the simple insert cutter ring 4 has poor crack extension capacity and small penetration degree.

[0046] The machining process of the TBM cutter ring is as follows: according to the use requirements, the material is selected, such as H13 steel, then the cutter ring blank is prepared by casting, the blank is processed into a cutter ring close to the final shape and size by die or mechanical forming process, turning, milling and other processes are used to coarsely process the formed blank, remove the excess amount, and prepare for subsequent finishing. The coarsely processed cutter ring is quenched to improve its hardness and wear resistance. After quenching, tempering treatment is carried out to eliminate quenching stress and improve the toughness and stability of the cutter ring. Then the surface of the cutter blade is hardened by carburizing, nitriding and other processes to further improve its wear resistance and service life. Finally, the cutter ring is finished to ensure that its surface smoothness, dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy meet the requirements.

[0047] In summary, in the utility model, the flat top cutter ring and the insert cutter ring are staggered, which makes the rock crack fully expand, improves the penetration degree, reduces the rock breaking specific energy, and improves the rock breaking efficiency. Therefore, the utility model effectively overcomes the various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0048] The above embodiments only exemplarily illustrate the principles and effects of the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical thought disclosed by the utility model should be covered by the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A TBM cutter cone comprising a cutter cone base body (1) with a cutter hub mounting hole (2) in the middle, characterized in that: The outer edge of the cutter ring base (1) is uniformly distributed with two groups of flat-top cutter rings (3) and two groups of inserted-tooth cutter rings (4), the two groups of flat-top cutter rings (3) and the two groups of inserted-tooth cutter rings (4) are staggered, and the top of the flat-top cutter ring (3) and the inserted-tooth cutter ring (4) are on the same circumferential surface.

2. The TBM cutter cone of claim 1, wherein: The cutter hub mounting hole (2) is treated as an inverted right angle.

3. The TBM cutter cone of claim 1, wherein: Each group of the inserted-tooth cutter ring (4) is composed of 8-10 tooth edges uniformly arranged.

4. The TBM cutter cone of claim 3, wherein: Each group of the inserted-tooth cutter ring (4) is composed of 9 tooth edges uniformly arranged.

5. The TBM cutter cone of claim 3, wherein: The tooth shape of the tooth edge is formed by rotating an ellipse along its long axis.

6. The TBM cutter cone of claim 1, wherein: The two ends of the flat-top cutter ring (3) are treated as rounded corners.

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