Three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system

By setting a first coil and a second coil in the electromagnetic clutch system, combined with a detachable cover and a wave spring, the electromagnetic clutch system can quickly switch between three states, solving the problems of control complexity and space occupation when switching between multiple power sources.

CN223690222UActive Publication Date: 2025-12-19BORGWARNER UNITED TRANSMISSION SYST
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202520622130.2
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-04-03
Publication Date
2025-12-19
Estimated Expiration
2035-04-03

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing electromagnetic clutch systems have complex control logic and low efficiency when switching between multiple power sources, and also occupy a large space.

Method used

A three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system is adopted. By setting a first coil and a second coil in the electromagnetic part, the connecting part is driven to slide on the second shaft by electromagnetic force. The reciprocating sliding of the connecting part is realized by switching the energized state of the coil. Automatic reset is realized by combining a detachable cover and a wave spring.

Benefits of technology

The control logic of the electromagnetic clutch system was simplified, enabling rapid switching between three states and reducing the system's space footprint.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system which comprises a clutch assembly composed of an electromagnetic part and a connecting part, a second shaft body in slidable tooth connection with the connecting part, a first gear with the output end located on one side of the connecting part and a first shaft body with the output end located on the other side of the connecting part. A shell of the electromagnetic part is fixedly connected with an external gearbox, the electromagnetic part is arranged on the connecting part in a sleeving mode, the connecting part and the electromagnetic part can be coaxially and rotatably connected, and the electromagnetic part drives the connecting part to slide in the length direction of the second shaft body; an elastic piece is embedded in the outer surface of the second shaft body; the second shaft body is sleeved with the connecting part, and a first groove, a second groove and a third groove which are distributed in the length direction of the second shaft body at intervals are formed in the inner surface of the connecting part; the first groove, the second groove and the third groove are all suitable for embedding of the elastic piece. According to the utility model, the technical problem that the electromagnetic clutch system is complex in control and low in efficiency during multi-power-source switching is solved, and the technical effect of fast state switching of the electromagnetic clutch system is achieved.
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Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electromagnetic clutch system, concretely relates to a three state electromagnetic clutch switching system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of science and technology, hybrid cars gradually become the ideal choice for people in city short distance and long distance by virtue of relatively low fuel consumption, at present, one of the disconnecting devices used between power source and gearbox on the market is electromagnetic clutch, the characteristics of the clutch are that the switching of gearbox power source is realized in the mode of changing clutch state by on-off electricity.

[0003] However, in the application scene of hybrid and other multiple power sources, multiple electromagnetic clutches are often needed to be used for cooperative control to realize the switching between multiple power sources, which leads to complex control logic of the system, low system efficiency and large installation space occupied by multiple electromagnetic clutches.

[0004] Therefore, it is very necessary to simplify the control logic to improve the system operation efficiency and reduce the space occupation. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0005] The application provides a three state electromagnetic clutch switching system, which is used to solve the technical problem of complex control and low efficiency of the electromagnetic clutch system during multiple power source switching.

[0006] The three state electromagnetic clutch switching system provided by the application comprises a clutch assembly composed of an electromagnetic part and a connecting part, a second shaft body slidably connected with the connecting part, a first gear with an output end located on one side of the connecting part and a first shaft body with an output end located on the other side of the connecting part; the shell of the electromagnetic part is fixedly connected with an external gearbox, the electromagnetic part is sleeved on the connecting part, the connecting part is coaxially rotatably connected with the electromagnetic part, and the electromagnetic part drives the connecting part to slide in the length direction of the second shaft body; the outer surface of the second shaft body is embedded with an elastic piece; the connecting part is sleeved on the second shaft body, and the inner surface of the connecting part is provided with first, second and third grooves which are spaced apart along the length direction of the second shaft body; the first, second and third grooves are all adapted to embed the elastic piece; when the elastic piece is embedded in the first groove, the connecting part is connected with the output end of the first shaft body and drives the second shaft body to rotate; when the elastic piece is embedded in the third groove, the connecting part is connected with the output end of the first gear and drives the second shaft body to rotate; when the elastic piece is embedded in the second groove, the connecting part is simultaneously disconnected with the first gear and the first shaft body; the second shaft body is sleeved on the first shaft body, the first gear is sleeved on the second shaft body, the output end of the first gear surrounds the outer surface of the second shaft body, the output end of the first shaft body surrounds the outer surface of the second shaft body, and the connecting part is located between the output end of the first gear and the output end of the first shaft body.

[0007] By adopting the technical scheme, the connecting part is arranged on the second shaft body and driven by electromagnetic force, the reciprocating sliding of the connecting part on the second shaft body is completed by switching the energization state of the electromagnetic part, the switching of the first gear power source and the first shaft body power source is realized, the control logic of the electromagnetic clutch system is simplified, and the electromagnetic clutch system is switched among the three states quickly.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting part comprises a first shaft sleeve and a first magnetic member sleeved on the first shaft sleeve; the first shaft sleeve is sleeved on the second shaft body, the first slot, the second slot and the third slot are arranged on the inner wall of the first shaft sleeve, the inner surface of the first shaft sleeve is provided with a spline or a mortise disc, and the outer surface of the second shaft body is correspondingly provided with a spline or a mortise disc; the housing of the electromagnetic part comprises the first magnetic member sleeved on the first shaft sleeve, a first coil sleeved outside the first magnetic member, and a second coil sleeved outside the first magnetic member, the first coil is close to the output end of the first gear, and the second coil is close to the output end of the first shaft body; when the first coil or the second coil is energized, the first magnetic member drives the first shaft sleeve to slide on the second shaft body.

[0009] By adopting the technical scheme, the first coil and the second coil are arranged in the electromagnetic part, and the reciprocating sliding of the connecting part on the second shaft body is realized by switching the energization state of the first coil and the second coil.

[0010] Preferably, the housing of the electromagnetic part is provided with a detachable first cover body, the first cover body is located on one side of the housing close to the first coil, when the first cover body is detached, the first coil is in contact with the air outside, the housing of the electromagnetic part is provided with a detachable second cover body, the second cover body is located on one side of the housing close to the second coil, and when the second cover body is detached, the second coil is in contact with the air outside.

[0011] By adopting the technical scheme, the detachable first cover body and the second cover body are arranged on the housing, and the first coil and the second coil are quickly detected or detached.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the second shaft body is annularly provided with a clamping spring, one side of the clamping spring close to the first shaft sleeve is provided with a support plate, the clamping spring and the support plate are located between the output end of the first shaft sleeve and the first shaft body, a first wave spring is arranged between the support plate and the first shaft sleeve, and the first wave spring is sleeved on the second shaft body; the diameter of the second shaft body at the first gear is greater than the diameter of the second shaft body at the connecting position of the first shaft sleeve, a second wave spring is arranged between the first gear and the first shaft sleeve, the second wave spring is in abutment with the second shaft body and the first shaft sleeve respectively, and the second wave spring is sleeved on the second shaft body.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the first wave spring and the second wave spring are arranged on both sides of the first shaft sleeve, the automatic reset of the connecting part after power-off of the first coil or the second coil is realized, the control logic of the electromagnetic clutch system is further simplified, and the power-off automatic reset function of the electromagnetic clutch system is realized.

[0014] The one or more technical solutions provided in the application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0015] 1. The first coil and the second coil are arranged in the electromagnetic part, and the reciprocating sliding of the connecting part on the second shaft body is realized by switching of the energization state of the first coil and the second coil.

[0016] 2. The first cover and the second cover are arranged on the shell, and the first coil and the second coil are quickly detected or disassembled.

[0017] 3. The first wave spring and the second wave spring are arranged on both sides of the first shaft sleeve, the automatic reset of the connecting part after power-off of the first coil or the second coil is realized, the control logic of the electromagnetic clutch system is further simplified, and the power-off automatic reset function of the electromagnetic clutch system is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system provided in the application;

[0020] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a clutch assembly in a three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system provided in the application;

[0021] Figure 3 A matching cross-sectional view of a first shaft body, a second shaft body and a first gear in a three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system provided in the application;

[0022] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system provided in the application, provided with a first wave spring and a second wave spring.

[0023] Label explanation: 11, shell; 111, first cover; 112, second cover; 12, first coil; 13, second coil; 21, first shaft sleeve; 211, first slot; 212, second slot; 213, third slot; 214, third connecting part; 22, first magnetic part; 23, resin part; 24 first connecting part; 25, second connecting part; 3, second shaft body; 31, elastic part; 32, spring; 33, support plate; 34, input end of second shaft body; 4, first gear; 41, output end of first gear; 5, first shaft body; 51, output end of first shaft body; 61, first wave spring; 62, second wave spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The application provides a three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system, which is used for solving the technical problems of low control complexity and low efficiency of the electromagnetic clutch system in the prior art when multiple power sources are switched.

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model clearer and more apparent, the utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the utility model and cannot be used to limit the utility model.

[0026] The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the utility model, and cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0027] In the description of the utility model, it should be understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or position relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right and the like, is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0028] In the description of the utility model, the meaning of several is one or more, and the meaning of multiple is more than two, greater than, less than, more than and the like are not included in the number, and above, below and the like are included in the number. If the first and the second are described, they are only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0029] In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installing, connecting and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and the skilled in the art can determine the specific meaning of the above words in the utility model in combination with the specific content of the technical scheme. Example 1

[0030] As Figures 1 to 3 The embodiment of the application provides a three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system, comprising: a clutch assembly composed of an electromagnetic part and a connecting part, a second shaft body 3 connected with the connecting part through a slidable tooth, a first gear 4 with an output end located on one side of the connecting part, and a first shaft body 5 with an output end located on the other side of the connecting part; the shell 11 of the electromagnetic part is fixedly connected with an external gearbox, the electromagnetic part is sleeved on the connecting part, the connecting part is coaxially rotatably connected with the electromagnetic part, and the electromagnetic part drives the connecting part to slide in the length direction of the second shaft body 3; the elastic member 31 is embedded on the outer surface of the second shaft body 3; the connecting part is sleeved on the second shaft body 3, and the inner surface of the connecting part is provided with first grooves 211, second grooves 212 and third grooves 213 which are spaced apart along the length direction of the second shaft body 3; the first grooves 211, the second grooves 212 and the third grooves 213 are all adapted for the elastic member 31 to be embedded; wherein, when the elastic member 31 is embedded in the first grooves 211, the connecting part is connected with the output end 51 of the first shaft body and drives the second shaft body 3 to rotate; when the elastic member 31 is embedded in the third grooves 213, the connecting part is connected with the output end 41 of the first gear and drives the second shaft body 3 to rotate; when the elastic member 31 is embedded in the second grooves 212, the connecting part is simultaneously disconnected with the first gear 4 and the first shaft body 5.

[0031] More preferably, in the embodiments provided by the application, as Figure 1 shown, the second shaft body 3 is sleeved on the first shaft body 5, the output end 51 of the first shaft body is located below the second shaft body 3, and the diameter of the output end 51 of the first shaft body is greater than the diameter of the second shaft body 3, the first gear 4 is sleeved on the second shaft body 3, the output end 41 of the first gear faces the output end 51 of the first shaft body, and the clutch assembly is located between the output end 41 of the first gear and the output end 51 of the first shaft body; wherein, the first gear 4 is driven by an external gasoline engine, and the first shaft body 5 is driven by an external electric drive motor.

[0032] The clutch assembly includes an electromagnetic part and a connecting part. The housing 11 of the electromagnetic part is fixed to the external gearbox by bolts or other means. A first bushing 21 in the connecting part is fitted onto a second shaft 3. A third connecting part 214 is provided on the inner surface of the first bushing 21. The input end 34 of the second shaft and the third connecting part 214 are connected by a spline or a toothed disc. The first bushing 21 can slide along the length of the second shaft 3, and rotating the first bushing 21 can drive the second shaft 3 to rotate. A first magnetic element 22, using an armature, is fitted onto the outside of the first bushing 21. A resin element 23 is provided between the first magnetic element 22 and the first bushing 21 for connection and fixation. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the housing 11 of the electromagnetic part is sleeved outside the first magnetic component 22. The housing 11 of the electromagnetic part is provided with a first coil 12 and a second coil 13. The first coil 12 is located above and close to the first gear 4, and the second coil 13 is located below and close to the output end 51 of the first shaft.

[0033] The housing 11 of the electromagnetic component is provided with a removable first cover 111 and a removable second cover 112, such as... Figure 2 The first cover 111 is located to the left of the first coil 12, and the second cover 112 is located to the right of the second coil 13. In use, the first coil 12 and the second coil 13 can be quickly disassembled or repaired by removing the first cover 111 and the second cover 112.

[0034] Among them, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the left side of the first bushing 21 is provided with a first connecting part 24 that connects to the first gear 4. The first connecting part 24 adopts a toothed disc or spline structure. The output end 41 of the first gear is provided with a toothed disc or spline that matches the first connecting part 24. The right side of the first bushing 21 is provided with a second connecting part 25 that connects to the output end 51 of the first shaft body. The second connecting part 25 adopts a toothed disc or spline structure. The output end 51 of the first shaft body is provided with a toothed disc or spline that matches the second connecting part 25.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, an elastic element 31 is embedded at the connection between the second shaft body 3 and the first bushing 21. The elastic element 31 adopts a common elastic pin. The connection between the first bushing 21 and the second shaft body 3 is provided with a first groove 211, a second groove 212 and a third groove 213 that are evenly spaced. The first groove 211, the second groove 212 and the third groove 213 are all arranged around the inner surface of the first bushing 21. The first groove 211 is close to the first gear 4 and the third groove 213 is close to the output end 51 of the first shaft body.

[0036] During system operation, in the initial state, the elastic element 31 is embedded in the second groove 212, the clutch assembly is disconnected from the first gear 4 and the first shaft 5, and the second shaft 3 is in a stopped state.

[0037] In the initial state, when the first coil 12 is powered, the first magnetic member 22 drives the first shaft sleeve 21 to approach the first gear 4 under the electromagnetic force, the elastic member 31 slides out of the second groove 212 and is embedded in the third groove 213, the first connecting part 24 on the first shaft sleeve 21 is pressed against and engaged with the output end 41 of the first gear, the first shaft sleeve 21 transmits the torque of the first gear 4 to the second shaft body 3, and the power input is completed. In this state, the first coil 12 is powered off, and the second coil 13 is powered on for a short time, the first magnetic member 22 and the first shaft sleeve 21 are pulled back by the electromagnetic force, and the elastic member 31 is re-embedded in the second groove 212, so as to realize the power-off reset.

[0038] In the initial state, when the second coil 13 is powered, the first magnetic member 22 drives the first shaft sleeve 21 to approach the first shaft body 5 under the electromagnetic force, the elastic member 31 slides out of the second groove 212 and is embedded in the first groove 211, the second connecting part 25 on the first shaft sleeve 21 is pressed against and engaged with the output end 51 of the first shaft body, the first shaft sleeve 21 transmits the torque of the first shaft body 5 to the second shaft body 3, and the power input is completed. In this state, the second coil 13 is powered off, and the first coil 12 is powered on for a short time, the first magnetic member 22 and the first shaft sleeve 21 are pulled back by the electromagnetic force, and the elastic member 31 is re-embedded in the second groove 212, so as to realize the power-off reset.

[0039] In this embodiment, a connecting part driven by electromagnetic force is arranged on the second shaft body 3, and by switching the power-on state of the first coil 12 and the second coil 13 in the electromagnetic part, the reciprocating sliding of the connecting part on the second shaft body 3 is completed, the switching of the power source of the first gear 4 and the power source of the first shaft body 5 is realized, the control logic of the electromagnetic clutch system is simplified, and the rapid switching of the electromagnetic clutch system between the three states is realized. Embodiment 2

[0040] Further, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 4 The lower end of the second shaft body 3 is provided with a snap spring 32, the upper end of the snap spring 32 is fixed with a support plate 33, a first wave spring 61 is arranged between the support plate 33 and the first shaft sleeve 21, both ends of the first wave spring 61 are in abutment with the first shaft sleeve 21 and the support plate 33 respectively, and the first wave spring 61 is sleeved on the second shaft body 3.

[0041] As shown in Figure 2As shown, the shaft diameter of the second shaft body 3 at the first gear 4 is greater than the shaft diameter of the second shaft body 3 at the first shaft sleeve 21, that is, the second shaft body 3 has a stepped structure, and the second wave spring 62 is arranged between the first gear 4 and the first shaft sleeve 21, the second wave spring 62 is sleeved on the second shaft body 3, one end of the second wave spring 62 abuts against the first shaft sleeve 21, and the other end of the second wave spring 62 abuts against the stepped structure of the second shaft body 3.

[0042] In the system running process, in the initial state, the elastic member 31 is embedded in the second groove 212, the clutch assembly is disconnected with the first gear 4 and the first shaft body 5, and the second shaft body 3 is in a stopped state.

[0043] In the initial state, when the first coil 12 is powered on, the first magnetic member 22 drives the first shaft sleeve 21 to approach the first gear 4 under the electromagnetic force, the elastic member 31 is embedded in the third groove 213, the first connecting part 24 on the first shaft sleeve 21 abuts against and engages with the output end 41 of the first gear, the first shaft sleeve 21 transmits the torque of the first gear 4 to the second shaft body 3, and power input is completed. In this state, the first coil 12 is powered off, the first shaft sleeve 21 is pushed back by the elastic force of the second wave spring 62, the elastic member 31 is embedded in the second groove 212, and the power-off reset is completed.

[0044] In the initial state, when the second coil 13 is powered on, the first magnetic member 22 drives the first shaft sleeve 21 to approach the first shaft body 5 under the electromagnetic force, the elastic member 31 is embedded in the first groove 211, the second connecting part 25 on the first shaft sleeve 21 abuts against and engages with the output end 51 of the first shaft body, the first shaft sleeve 21 transmits the torque of the first shaft body 5 to the second shaft body 3, and power input is completed. In this state, the second coil 13 is powered off, the first shaft sleeve 21 is pushed back by the elastic force of the first wave spring 61, the elastic member 31 is embedded in the second groove 212, and the power-off reset is completed.

[0045] In the embodiment, by arranging the first wave spring 61 and the second wave spring 62 on both sides of the first shaft sleeve 21, the automatic reset of the connecting part after the first coil 12 or the second coil 13 is powered off is realized, the control logic of the electromagnetic clutch system is further simplified, and the power-off automatic reset function of the electromagnetic clutch system is realized.

[0046] It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiment sequences of the present application are merely for description only, but not for representing the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. And the above-mentioned embodiments of the present specification are described. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in a different order than the order in which they are recited and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order in order to achieve the desired results. In some implementations, multitasking and parallel processing can be advantageous or possible.

[0047] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0048] The specification and drawings are merely exemplary of the present application, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents that fall within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application belong to the scope of the present application and its equivalent technology, the present application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system characterized by: The clutch assembly includes a clutch assembly composed of an electromagnetic part and a connecting part, a second shaft body (3) slidably connected with the connecting part, a first gear (4) with an output end located on one side of the connecting part, and a first shaft body (5) with an output end located on the other side of the connecting part; the housing (11) of the electromagnetic part is fixedly connected with an external gearbox, the electromagnetic part is sleeved on the connecting part, the connecting part is coaxially rotatably connected with the electromagnetic part, and the electromagnetic part drives the connecting part to slide in the length direction of the second shaft body (3); the elastic member (31) is embedded on the outer surface of the second shaft body (3); the connecting part is sleeved on the second shaft body (3), and the inner surface of the connecting part is provided with first grooves (211), second grooves (212) and third grooves (213) which are spaced apart along the length direction of the second shaft body (3); the first grooves (211), the second grooves (212) and the third grooves (213) are all adapted for the elastic member (31) to be embedded; When the elastic member (31) is embedded in the first grooves (211), the connecting part is connected with the output end (51) of the first shaft body and drives the second shaft body (3) to rotate; when the elastic member (31) is embedded in the third grooves (213), the connecting part is connected with the output end (41) of the first gear and drives the second shaft body (3) to rotate; when the elastic member (31) is embedded in the second grooves (212), the connecting part is simultaneously disconnected from the first gear (4) and the first shaft body (5).

2. A three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system according to claim 1, wherein, The second shaft body (3) is sleeved on the first shaft body (5), the first gear (4) is sleeved on the second shaft body (3), the output end (41) of the first gear surrounds the outer surface of the second shaft body (3), the output end (51) of the first shaft body surrounds the outer surface of the second shaft body (3), and the connecting part is located between the output end (41) of the first gear and the output end (51) of the first shaft body.

3. A three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system according to claim 2, wherein, The connecting part includes a first shaft sleeve (21) and a first magnetic member (22) sleeved on the first shaft sleeve (21); the first shaft sleeve (21) is sleeved on the second shaft body (3), and the first grooves (211), the second grooves (212) and the third grooves (213) are arranged on the inner wall of the first shaft sleeve (21); the inner surface of the first shaft sleeve (21) is provided with a spline or a mortise disc, and the outer surface of the second shaft body (3) is correspondingly provided with a spline or a mortise disc.

4. A three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system according to claim 3, wherein, The housing (11) of the electromagnetic part includes the first magnetic member (22) sleeved on the first shaft sleeve (21), a first coil (12) sleeved outside the first magnetic member (22), and a second coil (13) sleeved outside the first magnetic member (22); the first coil (12) is close to the output end (41) of the first gear, and the second coil (13) is close to the output end (51) of the first shaft body; when the first coil (12) or the second coil (13) is energized, the first magnetic member (22) drives the first shaft sleeve (21) to slide on the second shaft body (3).

5. A three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system according to claim 4, wherein, The housing (11) of the electromagnetic part is provided with a detachable first cover (111), the first cover (111) is located on one side of the housing (11) close to the first coil (12), when the first cover (111) is detached, the first coil (12) is in contact with the outside air.

6. A three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system according to claim 5, wherein, The housing (11) of the electromagnetic part is provided with a detachable second cover (112), the second cover (112) is located on one side of the housing (11) close to the second coil (13), when the second cover (112) is detached, the second coil (13) is in contact with the outside air.

7. A three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system according to claim 6, wherein, The outer surface of the second shaft body (3) is annularly provided with a clamping spring (32), one side of the clamping spring (32) close to the first shaft sleeve (21) is provided with a support plate (33), the clamping spring (32) and the support plate (33) are located between the first shaft sleeve (21) and the output end (51) of the first shaft body, a first wave spring (61) is arranged between the support plate (33) and the first shaft sleeve (21), and the first wave spring (61) is sleeved on the second shaft body (3).

8. A three-state electromagnetic clutch switching system according to claim 7, wherein, The diameter of the second shaft body (3) at the first gear (4) is greater than the diameter of the second shaft body (3) at the first shaft sleeve (21), a second wave spring (62) is arranged between the first shaft sleeve (21) and the first gear (4), the second wave spring (62) abuts against the second shaft body (3) and the first shaft sleeve (21) respectively, and the second wave spring (62) is sleeved on the second shaft body (3).