Parallel type pyrolysis carbonization system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of pyrolysis and carbonization, and provides a parallel pyrolysis and carbonization system, which is used for carrying out pyrolysis and carbonization on raw materials and comprises a plurality of pyrolysis kettles for placing the raw materials; the multiple drying furnaces are arranged in parallel and used for containing the pyrolysis kettles. The multiple pyrolyzing furnaces are arranged in parallel, and the pyrolyzing furnaces communicate with the drying furnace. According to the technical scheme, the problems that the temperature of the tandem pyrolyzing furnace is controlled within the temperature range of a single functional area, the tandem pyrolyzing furnace cannot cross the temperature ranges of several carbonization functional areas, a worker needs to frequently hoist and change the pyrolyzing kettle to adapt to different temperature areas, and safety accidents are increased are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to pyrolysis carbonization technical field, specifically, and relates to a parallel connection type pyrolysis carbonization system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis carbonization refers to the process that biomass raw materials (such as wood, crop residues, livestock and poultry manure, etc.) are decomposed into biomass charcoal, combustible gas, vinegar liquid and biomass oil and other products under high temperature and anaerobic conditions. After the soil kiln process was banned, the pyrolysis carbonization system usually uses a series processing mode. Its characteristics are that the temperature in each pyrolysis furnace is different and relatively stable, and it is suitable for different functions of pre-carbonization, pyrolysis and calcination respectively. Therefore, in the actual processing process, the temperature of each pyrolysis furnace is controlled within the temperature range of the single function area, and cannot cross the temperature range of several carbonization function areas. The pyrolysis kettle containing raw materials needs to be placed in each pyrolysis furnace with different functions in sequence. In this process, the staff need to frequently hoist and replace the pyrolysis kettle to adapt to different temperature zones, which increases the risk of safety accidents such as coal gas poisoning, fire and high-temperature burns. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model provides a parallel connection type pyrolysis carbonization system, which solves the problem that the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace arranged in series in the related art is controlled within the temperature range of the single function area, cannot cross the temperature range of several carbonization function areas, the staff need to frequently hoist and replace the pyrolysis kettle to adapt to different temperature zones, and the risk of safety accidents is increased.

[0004] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a parallel connection type pyrolysis carbonization system is used for pyrolysis carbonization of raw materials. The system comprises a plurality of pyrolysis kettles for placing raw materials.

[0005] A plurality of drying furnaces are provided and arranged in parallel with each other, and are used for accommodating the pyrolysis kettles.

[0006] A plurality of pyrolysis furnaces are provided and arranged in parallel with each other, and are in communication with the drying furnaces.

[0007] Optionally, the system further comprises a fuel gas purification system in communication with the pyrolysis kettles, which is used for cooling, dust removal and gas-liquid separation of the crude fuel gas generated by the pyrolysis kettles, to generate second-class vinegar liquid, biomass oil and clean fuel gas.

[0008] The system further comprises a wood vinegar liquid storage device, a biomass oil storage device and a clean fuel gas storage device, which are respectively used for storing the second-class vinegar liquid, the biomass oil and the clean fuel gas.

[0009] Optionally, the fuel gas purification system further comprises:

[0010] a water washing tower for cooling the crude fuel gas;

[0011] Optionally, the fuel gas purification system further comprises:

[0012] a condensing tower for cooling the crude fuel gas;

[0013] Optionally, the fuel gas purification system further comprises:

[0014] an intercooler for circulating cooling water to indirectly contact the crude fuel gas to achieve cooling.

[0015] Optionally, the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a combustion chamber at the bottom, which is communicated with the biomass oil storage device and the clean fuel gas storage device, or is communicated with only the clean fuel gas storage device.

[0016] Optionally, the wood vinegar storage device is communicated with the water washing tower and the condensing tower.

[0017] Optionally, the wood vinegar storage device is communicated with the water washing tower and the condensing tower.

[0018] a denitration device, which is communicated with a plurality of the pyrolysis furnaces, and through which the high-temperature flue gas enters the drying furnace.

[0019] Optionally, the wood vinegar storage device is communicated with the water washing tower and the condensing tower.

[0020] a flue gas purification system, which is communicated with the drying furnace.

[0021] Optionally, the denitration device is an SCR denitration device.

[0022] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0023] The utility model discloses, raw material can be raw wood, also can be mechanism stick and other type suitable carbonization has certain shape's biomass raw material, in this scheme, taking raw wood as an example, after sorting and removing impurities to raw wood natural air drying to moisture content is not more than 30%, cutting to diameter less than 10cm, length less than 50cm, fill into pyrolysis kettle, dry furnace bottom does not set up combustion chamber, utilize the high temperature flue gas of pyrolysis furnace from the bottom and produce, provide heat for drying, high temperature flue gas gradually reduces in the process of leading to dry furnace, collect the gas of raw material in pyrolysis kettle in drying process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The above features, technical characteristics, advantages and implementation modes of the present application will be further described in the following preferred embodiments in a clear and understandable manner in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a process flow diagram of the utility model.

[0026] In the figure: 1, pyrolysis kettle; 2, dry furnace; 3, pyrolysis furnace; 4, combustion chamber; 6, denitration device; 7, gas purification system; 9, one kind of wood vinegar; 10, wood vinegar storage device; 11, biomass oil storage device; 12, clean gas storage device; 13, flue gas purification system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the specific implementation modes of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative labor, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0028] For the sake of simplicity of the drawings, only the parts related to the utility model are shown in each drawing, which do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to make the drawings simple and easy to understand, in some drawings, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is shown or only one of them is marked. In this text, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one", and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0029] In this text, it is necessary to point out that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] In addition, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] Reference Figure 1A parallel pyrolysis carbonization system is proposed for pyrolyzing and carbonizing raw materials. It includes: multiple pyrolysis kettles 1 for holding raw materials; multiple drying furnaces 2 connected in parallel to house the pyrolysis kettles 1; and multiple pyrolysis furnaces 3 connected in parallel to the drying furnaces 2. The system also includes: a gas purification system 7 connected to the pyrolysis kettles 1 for cooling, dust removal, and gas-liquid separation of the crude gas generated in the pyrolysis kettles 1, producing second-class wood vinegar, biomass oil, and clean gas; and a wood vinegar storage device 10, a biomass oil storage device 11, and a clean gas storage device 12 for storing the second-class wood vinegar, biomass oil, and clean gas, respectively. The gas purification system 7 also employs a water washing tower for cooling and dust removal of the crude gas. The system further includes a condensing tower for secondary cooling of the crude gas. As the gas cools, the gaseous second-phase wood vinegar and biomass oil in the gas condense into liquid and enter the wood vinegar storage device 10 with the circulating liquid. The gas purification system 7 also includes an intercooler for introducing circulating cooling water to indirectly contact the crude gas and achieve cooling. The pyrolysis furnace 3 has a combustion chamber 4 at its bottom, which is connected to both the biomass oil storage device 11 and the clean gas storage device 12, or only to the clean gas storage device 12. The wood vinegar storage device 10 is connected to both the water washing tower and the condensing tower. The system also includes a denitrification device 6, which is connected to multiple pyrolysis furnaces 3. High-temperature flue gas enters the drying furnace 2 after passing through the denitrification device 6. Finally, the system includes a flue gas purification system 13, which is connected to the drying furnace 2. The denitrification device 6 is an SCR denitrifier.

[0032] In this embodiment, the raw material can be logs, machine-made briquettes, or other types of biomass raw materials with a certain shape suitable for carbonization. Taking logs as an example, the logs are naturally air-dried until the moisture content does not exceed 30%, sorted to remove impurities, and then cut to a diameter of less than 10cm and a length of less than 50cm. They are then filled into the pyrolysis kettle 1. The drying furnace 2 does not have a combustion chamber 4 at the bottom. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace 3, which enters from the bottom, provides heat for drying. The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas gradually decreases as it flows into the drying furnace 2. During the drying process, the gas generated by the raw material in the pyrolysis kettle 1 is collected. The entry and exit of the high-temperature flue gas into the drying furnace 2 is controlled by valves. After the raw material is dried, the flue gas inlet and outlet valves of the drying furnace 2 are closed, and the pyrolysis kettle 1 is lifted out of the drying furnace 2. The pyrolysis kettle 1, with its internal raw material dried, is then hoisted by a crane into multiple parallel pyrolysis furnaces 3 for pre-carbonization, pyrolysis, and calcination of the raw material. The advantages of parallel pyrolysis furnaces 3 are that each pyrolysis furnace 3 and drying furnace 2 are relatively independent. A problem with a single pyrolysis furnace 3 or drying furnace 2 will not cause the entire system to shut down, minimizing the impact on production capacity. Compared to series configurations, there are fewer limitations on production scale, making it more suitable for large-scale production. For the same scale, the system occupies less space. The system's fuel gas and flue gas are controlled by valves, allowing for remote control and reducing worker workload. Each pyrolysis furnace 3 can independently control its internal temperature without interference, which is beneficial for controlling product quality. Furthermore, the pre-carbonization, carbonization, calcination, and cooling processes of raw materials can be completed within a single pyrolysis furnace 3. The pyrolysis kettle 1 does not need to be frequently lifted and moved between different temperature zones, avoiding safety accidents such as gas poisoning, fires, and high-temperature burns, resulting in high safety performance.

[0033] The two drying furnaces are connected in parallel. The number of furnaces through which the high-temperature flue gas passes is controlled to regulate the temperature inside the furnaces and the exhaust temperature. This ensures sufficient recovery of the sensible heat from the high-temperature flue gas while guaranteeing that the raw materials in the furnaces are only dried and initially heated, without producing combustible gases. This avoids poisoning accidents and improves system safety. By controlling the temperature inside the furnaces, a higher-quality type of wood vinegar (9) can be extracted. This type of wood vinegar refers to wood vinegar produced at ambient temperatures below 150°C. Preferably, the temperature of the furnaces needs to be controlled below 150°C, allowing the temperature of the pyrolysis reactor 1 to gradually rise. Higher temperatures may cause the raw materials inside the reactor to pyrolyze and carbonize, producing combustible gases and biomass oil. The wood vinegar is mainly a liquid product obtained by condensing and separating the steam-gas mixture produced during the pyrolysis process. The composition of the collected wood vinegar varies with the reaction temperature during the pyrolysis process. Collection begins when the temperature of the steam-gas produced during the pyrolysis process is around 90°C (generally, collection begins at 82°C, when it has a strong smoky aroma). Collection should be stopped when the temperature exceeds 150℃. This method yields a high-concentration, high-quantity wood vinegar that is free of biomass oil, thus increasing product variety. Above this temperature, the vinegar will contain biomass oil components.

[0034] The temperature of the drying furnace 2 is controlled to not exceed 200℃. When the temperature in the pyrolysis vessel 1 in the drying furnace 2 rises to about 90℃ (generally 82℃), wood vinegar is collected (at this time, the collected wood vinegar is type 1 9). When the temperature of the pyrolysis vessel 1 is higher than 150℃, the collection of type 1 wood vinegar 9 is stopped, and the pyrolysis vessel 1 is further moved from the drying furnace 2 to the pyrolysis furnace 3 for continued heating. As the temperature rises, the raw material in the pyrolysis vessel 1 enters the pyrolysis carbonization stage, generating crude fuel gas, which includes type 2 wood vinegar 10 (where type 2 wood vinegar 10 refers to the crude fuel gas containing biomass oil and wood vinegar generated at a temperature above 200℃, and the wood vinegar obtained after removing and separating the biomass oil and fuel gas) and biomass oil. In summary, the drying furnace 2 can not only collect type 1 wood vinegar 9, but also has the function of preheating raw materials.

[0035] High-temperature raw gas enters a water washing tower where it directly contacts low-temperature Class II wood vinegar for initial cooling, removing some biomass oil and dust. After initial cooling, the raw gas sequentially enters a primary condenser and a secondary condenser (in actual processes, this is not limited to two stages; multiple stages can be used depending on the specific situation) for further cooling through repeated contact with the low-temperature Class II wood vinegar 10. Simultaneously, the biomass oil 11 in the raw gas is further removed and separated. Then, the raw gas indirectly contacts circulating cooling water. As the temperature of the raw gas decreases, the Class II wood vinegar condenses into a liquid. The condensed Class II wood vinegar and biomass oil are separated and recovered. The raw gas cooled to room temperature is then considered clean. The purified fuel gas, specifically the second-class wood vinegar, is one of the main products of the raw material pyrolysis and carbonization process (stored separately from the first-class wood vinegar 9). It is mixed in the crude fuel gas in gaseous form and enters the fuel gas purification system 7 along with the crude fuel gas. As the temperature of the crude fuel gas decreases, the second-class wood vinegar and biomass oil gradually condense into liquid and are discharged from the bottom of equipment such as the water washing tower, condenser, and intercooler, entering the circulating liquid buffer tank. In the buffer tank, the second-class wood vinegar and biomass oil are initially separated by settling. The second-class wood vinegar is then recycled as a circulating coolant for the water washing tower and condenser. As production progresses, the amount of Class II wood vinegar and biomass oil gradually increases. When the circulating buffer tank reaches a certain level, the mixture of Class II wood vinegar and biomass oil in the buffer tank is further separated by an oil-water separator. The separated Class II wood vinegar is then transported to the wood vinegar storage device 10 for storage. The separated biomass oil 11 is stored in the biomass oil storage device 11. Where permissible, some biomass oil 11 can be introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 3 for auxiliary combustion and heating. This reduces the amount of pure gas used and allows the oil to be used for other purposes such as power generation, thereby improving energy utilization.

[0036] By setting a combustion chamber 4 at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 3, and supplying clean fuel gas and biomass oil, or only clean fuel gas, to the pyrolysis furnace 3 as the combustion medium, heat is provided for the pyrolysis and carbonization of the raw materials in the pyrolysis kettle 1. The pyrolysis furnace 3 has a combustion chamber 4 at the bottom, which is equipped with a crude fuel gas burner and a biomass oil burner. The heat generated by burning the self-produced crude fuel gas and biomass oil heats the pyrolysis kettle 1. By controlling the combustion of the crude fuel gas and biomass oil, the pre-carbonization, pyrolysis, and calcination of the raw materials in the pyrolysis kettle 1 are completed within the same pyrolysis furnace 3, improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0037] The high-temperature flue gas from multiple parallel pyrolysis furnaces 3 is collected, and the flue gas temperature is around 350℃-400℃. It is then transported to the SCR reactor for denitrification treatment to meet environmental protection requirements.

[0038] Preferably, the treated emissions can be delivered to a flue gas purification system 13 via pipeline. The flue gas purification system 13 can be a baghouse dust collector, which can remove most particulate matter from the flue gas, including fine dust and ash, reducing particulate matter emissions and air pollution. After purification by the baghouse dust collector, the flue gas is then sent to subsequent treatment equipment or directly discharged via a flue gas induced draft fan. The flue gas induced draft fan ensures the stability of the flue gas flow and prevents discharge obstruction due to pressure changes. The operating efficiency of the entire system is optimized by controlling the flue gas flow rate. The flue gas, after treatment by the baghouse dust collector and the flue gas induced draft fan, is finally discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney or other emission outlet.

[0039] After calcination is complete, the flow of crude fuel gas and biomass oil is cut off. Air can be introduced as needed. The pyrolysis furnace 3 and pyrolysis vessel 1 are slowly cooled. When the temperature inside the pyrolysis vessel 1 is below 150°C, no more combustible gas is emitted. The pyrolysis vessel 1 can then be moved to a cooling area for further cooling. Specifically, the flue gas outlet valve of the pyrolysis furnace 3 is closed, and the valve connecting the pyrolysis vessel 1 to the gas purification system 7 is also closed. The pyrolysis vessel 1 is then lifted out and moved into a cooling rack for deep cooling. When the temperature inside the pyrolysis vessel 1 is below 50°C, the lid of the pyrolysis vessel 1 is opened, and the charcoal inside is poured out through a charcoal pouring device. Preferably, the charcoal can be placed in a charcoal bin for packaging. The pyrolysis vessel 1 is then refilled with raw materials for recycling.

[0040] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A parallel pyrolysis carbonization system for pyrolyzing and carbonizing raw materials, characterized in that, include: A pyrolysis vessel (1), wherein multiple pyrolysis vessels (1) are used for placing raw materials; A drying furnace (2), having multiple furnaces arranged in parallel, for accommodating the pyrolysis vessel (1); The pyrolysis furnace (3) has multiple furnaces arranged in parallel with each other, and the pyrolysis furnace (3) is connected to the drying furnace (2).

2. The parallel pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Gas purification system (7), which is connected to the pyrolysis kettle (1), is used to cool, remove dust and separate gas and liquid from the crude gas generated by the pyrolysis kettle (1) to generate second-class wood vinegar, biomass oil and clean gas; The wood vinegar storage device (10), the biomass oil storage device (11), and the clean gas storage device (12) are used to store Class II wood vinegar, biomass oil, and clean gas, respectively.

3. The parallel pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas purification system (7) also includes: A water scrubbing tower is used to cool crude fuel gas.

4. The parallel pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas purification system (7) also includes: A condenser tower is used to cool crude combustion gas.

5. A parallel pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gas purification system (7) also includes: An intercooler is used to introduce circulating cooling water, which indirectly contacts the raw combustion gas to achieve cooling.

6. The parallel pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pyrolysis furnace (3) has a combustion chamber (4) at the bottom. The combustion chamber (4) is connected to both the biomass oil storage device (11) and the clean gas storage device (12), or is only connected to the clean gas storage device (12).

7. The parallel pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wood vinegar storage device (10) is connected to both the water washing tower and the condensation tower.

8. The parallel pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The denitrification device (6) is connected to multiple pyrolysis furnaces (3), and the high-temperature flue gas enters the drying furnace (2) after passing through the denitrification device (6).

9. A parallel pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A flue gas purification system (13) is connected to the drying oven (2).

10. A parallel pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The denitrification device (6) is an SCR denitrification unit.

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