Simple device for applying anchor rod prestress

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of surrounding rock support construction, and discloses a simple device for applying anchor rod prestress, which comprises a center hole jack, an anchor rod and an anchor backing plate, and particularly comprises a strip-shaped tension auxiliary device and a tension force locking device, and the tensioning force locking device comprises a hole and is used for providing an operation space and locking the anchor rod after the prestress is applied. The device has the advantages that the device can be manually operated in a narrow space, large mechanical equipment is not needed for operation, and the function of manually applying anchor rod prestress in a limited space under unfavorable geological surrounding rock is achieved; the tension force of the anchor rod can be quantitatively controlled, the design requirement can be better met, and the construction quality is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of surrounding rock support construction technology, and specifically relates to a simple device for exerting the prestress of an anchor rod. BACKGROUND

[0002] In construction, especially in tunnel engineering, the geological environment faced by constructors is different, and the engineering often needs to pass through soft, broken, water-rich and other adverse geological conditions. For soft rock, hole collapse, large deformation and surrounding rock sections that cannot self-stabilize, prestressed anchor rods can be used for surrounding rock support reinforcement. In the prior art, a torque wrench or a large mechanical device is used to exert the prestress during prestressed anchor rod operation. Manual torque wrenches have the disadvantage of being inconvenient to operate, and manual labor cannot exert the prestress to the level that accurately meets the design requirements. Prestressed anchor rods that do not meet the design requirements will seriously affect the performance of surrounding rock support. In addition, due to the limitation of the operation space, the operation of large mechanical equipment is limited, which is very inconvenient and inefficient. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a simple device for exerting the prestress of an anchor rod. Specifically, the utility model discloses the following technical scheme: a simple device for exerting the prestress of an anchor rod, comprising a through-hole jack, an anchor rod and an anchor pad, and further comprising a strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device and a tensioning force locking device; the through-hole jack comprises a through-hole sleeve and a through-hole sleeve end, and is used for exerting the prestress of the anchor rod; the maximum outer diameter of the end contour of one end of the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device is greater than the inner diameter of the through-hole sleeve end, and the maximum outer diameters of the rest of the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device are all less than the inner diameter of the through-hole sleeve and the inner diameter of the through-hole sleeve end; the other end of the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device is movably connected with the anchor rod; one end of the tensioning force locking device is in contact with the through-hole sleeve, and the other end of the tensioning force locking device is in contact with the anchor pad; the contour size of the tensioning force locking device matches the outer diameter of the through-hole sleeve, and the tensioning force locking device is used for providing a reaction force to the through-hole sleeve; the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device and the anchor rod can pass through the tensioning force locking device; the tensioning force locking device comprises a hole, which is used for providing an operation space and locking the anchor rod after the prestress is exerted.

[0004] Preferably, the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device comprises an anchor rod sleeve and a first spherical nut, the first spherical nut comprises an internal thread, the anchor rod comprises an external thread, the internal thread and the external thread correspondingly match; the anchor rod sleeve is composed of a circular steel pipe, is divided into four parts, and is integrally forged and formed by using steel; the four parts of the anchor rod sleeve are a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve, and a fourth sleeve in sequence; an outer diameter of the first sleeve is greater than an inner diameter of an end head of the through sleeve; outer diameters of the second sleeve, the third sleeve, and the fourth sleeve are less than an inner diameter of the through sleeve; inner diameters of the first sleeve and the second sleeve are both greater than an outer diameter of the first spherical nut; the outer diameter of the first spherical nut is greater than an inner diameter of the fourth sleeve; the third sleeve is a gradually changing section, and the inner diameter gradually changes from the inner diameter of the second sleeve to the inner diameter of the fourth sleeve; the inner diameter of the fourth sleeve is greater than an outer diameter of the anchor rod; the second sleeve, the third sleeve, and the fourth sleeve can pass through the tension force locking device.

[0005] Preferably, the tension force locking device comprises a support and a second spherical nut; the second spherical nut comprises an internal thread that matches an external thread on the anchor rod; a side surface of the support comprises a hole for providing an operation space for the second spherical nut to screw and fix the anchor rod; the second sleeve, the third sleeve, and the fourth sleeve can pass through the support; the anchor rod can pass through the support and enter the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve; one end of the support is in contact with the through sleeve for providing a reaction force to the through sleeve and jacking the through sleeve to move; the other end of the support is in contact with an anchor pad of the simple device; the end of the support in contact with the anchor pad comprises a hole with an inner diameter greater than an outer diameter of the second spherical nut.

[0006] Preferably, the support comprises a first annular steel ring, a second annular steel ring, and a steel column; the first annular steel ring is made of strip-shaped steel material with a square cross section; the second annular steel ring is made of strip-shaped steel material with a square cross section; one end of the steel column is connected to the first annular steel ring, and the other end of the steel column is connected to the second annular steel ring; the number of the steel columns is greater than or equal to three, and the steel columns are uniformly arranged in a circumferential direction of the first annular steel ring and the second annular steel ring; the first annular steel ring is in contact with the through sleeve, an inner diameter and an outer diameter of the first annular steel ring match an end surface contour of the through sleeve, and the first annular steel ring is used for providing a reaction force to the through sleeve; the second annular steel ring is in contact with the anchor pad, and the inner diameters of the first annular steel ring and the second annular steel ring are greater than a maximum outer diameter of the second spherical nut; the inner diameters of the first annular steel ring and the second annular steel ring are both greater than outer diameters of the anchor rod, the second sleeve, the third sleeve, and the fourth sleeve

[0007] The utility model has the advantages that the strip shape tension auxiliary device and the through core jack are used to exert the anchor rod prestress, the tension force locking device provides the operation space, the spherical nut and the anchor pad locking anchor rod prestress load, thereby manual operation in narrow space is available, and the operation of large mechanical equipment is not needed, the function of manual exertion of anchor rod prestress in the limited space under the poor geological surrounding rock is realized, the anchor rod tension force size can be quantitatively controlled, the design requirement can be better satisfied, and the construction quality is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 It is the three-dimensional schematic view of the utility model;

[0009] Figure 2 It is the cross section schematic view of the utility model;

[0010] Figure 3 It is the appearance schematic view of the strip shape tension auxiliary device anchor rod sleeve of the utility model;

[0011] Figure 4 It is the internal structure schematic view of the strip shape tension auxiliary device anchor rod sleeve of the utility model;

[0012] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic view of the tension force locking device support of the utility model.

[0013] The members and corresponding signs shown in the figure are as follows: strip shape tension auxiliary device 1, through core jack 2, tension force locking device 3, anchor rod 4, anchor pad 6, first sleeve 101, second sleeve 102, third sleeve 103, fourth sleeve 104, first spherical nut 105, through core sleeve 201, through core sleeve end 202, support 300, first annular steel ring 301, second annular steel ring 302, steel column 303, second spherical nut 304. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The utility model will be further explained in connection with the drawings and preferred embodiments. The embodiment is the further explanation and explanation of the principle of the utility model, and is not the limitation of the utility model.

[0015] Reference Figure 1 And Figure 2The utility model provides a simple device of anchor rod prestress, contain through the jack 2, anchor rod 4 and anchor backing plate 6 especially still contain strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 and tensioning force locking device 3, the through jack 2 contain through sleeve 201 and through sleeve end 202 for the anchor rod prestress, the through jack 4 can select hydraulic version, tensioning cylinder, through sleeve, through sleeve end, oil pump, force measuring instrument and plug and so on are integrated and drive anchor rod end left shift and apply tensioning prestress, anchor backing plate 6 is used for the steel plate or cast iron plate needed to anchor the prestressed tendon during prestress construction, and its strength satisfies the pressure requirement during tensioning construction, the maximum external diameter of one end head contour of strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 is greater than the inner diameter of through sleeve end 202, the maximum external diameter of the rest of strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 is less than the inner diameter of through sleeve 201 and the inner diameter of through sleeve end 202, that is to say, the rest of strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 can pass through the inner chamber of through sleeve 201 and through sleeve end 202, so that, after strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 passes through the inner chamber of through sleeve 201, the one end head of strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 is clamped outside through sleeve end 202, when the through jack 2 left shift and apply tensioning prestress, through sleeve end 202 drives strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 left shift, the other end head of strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 is movably connected with anchor rod 4, one end of tensioning force locking device 3 contacts with through sleeve 201, the other end of tensioning force locking device 3 contacts with anchor backing plate 6, the contour size of tensioning force locking device 3 matches with the external diameter of through sleeve 201, and is used to provide counterforce to through sleeve 201, so that anchor backing plate 6 and tensioning force locking device 3 provide counterforce to through sleeve 201 and push through sleeve 201 left shift, and then strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 drives anchor rod 4 left shift to apply anchor rod prestress, strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 and anchor rod 4 can pass through tensioning force locking device 3, so that anchor rod 4 is movably connected with the other end head of strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1, that is to say, after strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 passes through the inner chamber of through sleeve 201 and passes into tensioning force locking device 3, the other end head of strip shape tensioning auxiliary device 1 is movably connected with anchor rod 4, tensioning force locking device 3 contains hole and is used to provide operation space and lock anchor rod 4 after prestress is applied.

[0016] In use, the tension force locking device 3 is first passed through the anchor rod 4 and contacts the anchor pad 6, then the through sleeve 201 of the through jacking jack 2 is installed on the tension force locking device 3, and then one end of the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device 1 is passed through the through sleeve 201 and movably connected with the anchor rod 4. The through jacking jack 2 is controlled to apply prestress. The anchor pad 6 provides a counterforce to the through sleeve 201 through the tension force locking device 3, pushes the through sleeve 201 to move left, so that the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device 1 drives the anchor rod 4 to move left and applies anchor rod prestress. The through jacking jack 2 instrument quantitatively displays the prestress size, and when the design requirement is reached, the worker locks the prestress load on the anchor rod 4 by using the operation space provided by the tension force locking device 3. Finally, the simple device is removed, and the construction procedures of grouting and closing the anchor rod are started.

[0017] According to the above scheme of the utility model, those skilled in the art can think of some specific embodiments of the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device 1, such as a long strip-shaped steel bar with a T-shaped end, one end is clamped on the through sleeve of the through jacking jack, and the other end is passed through the through jacking jack and connected with the anchor rod. Similarly, according to the above scheme of the utility model, those skilled in the art can think of some specific embodiments of the tension force locking device, such as a clamping seat containing a hole, one end of the clamping seat has a larger inner diameter than the anchor rod and contacts the anchor pad, and the other end of the clamping seat has an inner diameter and an outer diameter matched with the outer diameter of the through sleeve, so as to provide a counterforce to push the through sleeve to move left and apply prestress. Workers can then use anchor rod prestress clamps to fix the anchor rod prestress load by using the space provided by the hole in the clamping seat.

[0018] The moving direction of the through sleeve 201, the anchor rod 4 and the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device 1 and other components in the above description (including the subsequent description of the utility model) is relative, which is only for convenient description; according to the operation position of the operator, the moving direction is left movement, but from another position, it can also be understood as right movement, and therefore cannot be understood as any limitation of the utility model.

[0019] Referring to the drawings Figure 1 - the drawings Figure 4On the basis of the above preferred embodiment, further, the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device 1 comprises an anchor rod sleeve and a first spherical nut 105, the first spherical nut 105 comprises an internal thread, the anchor rod 4 comprises an external thread, the internal thread and the external thread correspondingly match; the anchor rod sleeve is composed of a circular steel pipe, is divided into four parts, and is integrally forged and formed by using steel; the four parts of the anchor rod sleeve are a first sleeve 101, a second sleeve 102, a third sleeve 103, and a fourth sleeve 104 in sequence; the outer diameter of the first sleeve 101 is greater than the inner diameter of the end head 202 of the through sleeve 201; the outer diameters of the second sleeve 101, the third sleeve 102, and the fourth sleeve 103 are less than the inner diameter of the through sleeve 201; the inner diameters of the first sleeve 101 and the second sleeve 102 are greater than the outer diameter of the first spherical nut 105; the outer diameter of the first spherical nut 105 is greater than the inner diameter of the fourth sleeve 104; the third sleeve 103 is a gradually changing section, and the inner diameter gradually changes from the inner diameter of the second sleeve 102 to the inner diameter of the fourth sleeve 104; the inner diameter of the fourth sleeve 104 is greater than the outer diameter of the anchor rod 4; the second sleeve 102, the third sleeve 103, and the fourth sleeve 104 can pass through the tension force locking device 3. That is, the anchor rod sleeve is composed of four circular steel pipes of different sizes, which are the first sleeve 101, the second sleeve 102, the third sleeve 103, and the fourth sleeve 104 in sequence. The outer diameter of the first sleeve 101 is greater than the inner diameter of the through jack 2, so as to bear stress when the jack is lifted and tension the anchor rod 4; the outer diameter of the second sleeve 104 is less than the inner diameter of the through jack 2, so as to pass through the through jack 2; the inner diameters of the first sleeve 101 and the second sleeve 102 are greater than the outer diameter of the first spherical nut 105, so as to put the first spherical nut 1051; the third sleeve 103 is a gradually changing section, and the diameter gradually changes from the diameter of the second sleeve 102 to the fourth sleeve 104; the inner diameter of the fourth sleeve 104 is greater than the diameter of the anchor rod 4. Thus, the first spherical nut 105 on the anchor rod 4 is locked and pulled out by using the third sleeve 103. The anchor rod sleeve is integrally forged and formed by using steel, so as to ensure the strength of the anchor rod sleeve.

[0020] In use, the second sleeve 102, the third sleeve 103 and the fourth sleeve 104 pass through the through-jack 2 and the tension force locking device 3 until the end of the anchor rod 4 passes through the fourth sleeve 104 into the third sleeve 103; then the first ball nut 105 is screwed into the anchor rod sleeve from the first sleeve 101, the second sleeve 102 and the third sleeve 103, and is screwed on the anchor rod 4, so that the fourth sleeve 104 clamps the first ball nut 105, realizes the firm connection of the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device 1 with the anchor rod 4, and transmits the tensioning force of the through-jack 2, realizes the prestressed tensioning of the anchor rod 4. The first ball nut 105 can be screwed on the anchor rod in the anchor rod sleeve by using a T-shaped sleeve wrench, and is tightened, realizing the firm connection of the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device 1 with the anchor rod 4. When the through-jack 2 applies prestress, the through-jack sleeve 201 moves to the left, jacks up the first sleeve 101 to move to the left, and realizes the purpose of tensioning the anchor rod 4.

[0021] It is particularly pointed out that the inner diameter in the above description (including the subsequent description of the utility model) refers to the maximum diameter of the internal space of a geometric body, and the outer diameter refers to the maximum diameter of the external contour of a geometric body.

[0022] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the tension force locking device 3, the tension force locking device 3 comprises a bracket 300 and a second ball nut 304; the second ball nut 304 comprises an internal thread matched with an external thread on the anchor rod 4; the bracket 300 side comprises a hole for providing operation space for the second ball nut 304 to screw and fix the anchor rod 4; the second sleeve 102, the third sleeve 103 and the fourth sleeve 104 can pass through the bracket 300; the anchor rod 4 can pass through the bracket 300 into the third sleeve 103 and the fourth sleeve 104; one end of the bracket 300 is in contact with the through-jack sleeve 201, for providing reaction force to the through-jack sleeve 201 to move; the other end of the bracket 300 is in contact with the anchor pad 6 of the simple device; the end of the bracket 300 in contact with the anchor pad 6 comprises a hole with an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the second ball nut 304.

[0023] The following steps can be followed during use: First, install the anchor plate 6 at the anchoring position of the anchor rod 4; second, screw the second spherical nut 304 onto the anchor rod 4 until it contacts the anchor plate 6; third, pass the bracket through the anchor rod 4 and contact the anchor plate 6, ensuring that the hole on the end face of the bracket 300 does not contact the second spherical nut 304; fourth, put the through sleeve 201 onto the anchor rod 4 and contact the other end face of the bracket 300; fifth, insert the anchor rod sleeve into the through sleeve 201 from the other end, wherein the first sleeve 101 is stuck outside the end 202 of the through sleeve, and the third sleeve 103 and the fourth sleeve 104 pass through the through sleeve 201 and the bracket 300 and are put on the end of the anchor rod 4; sixth, put the first spherical nut 105... The anchor rod 4 is connected to the anchor rod sleeve by screwing through the inner cavities of the first sleeve 101, the second sleeve 102, and the third sleeve 103. The seventh step is to operate the hydraulic pump of the through-hole jack 2 to apply pressure to the support 300. The reaction force of the support 300 lifts the through-hole sleeve 201, thereby lifting the first sleeve 101 and achieving the purpose of tensioning the anchor rod 4. At this time, the second spherical nut 304 is displaced away from the anchor plate 6. The eighth step is to screw the second spherical nut 304 through the hole on the side of the support 300 after the instrument of the through-hole jack 2 shows that the tensioning force has reached the design requirements. The ninth step is to remove the through-hole jack 2, the anchor rod sleeve, and the support 300 in sequence. Finally, grouting and anchor sealing are carried out to complete the surrounding rock support reinforcement.

[0024] See appendix Figure 5Based on the above implementation scheme, as a preferred embodiment of the support 300, the support 300 includes a first annular steel ring 301, a second annular steel ring 302, and steel columns 303; the first annular steel ring 301 is made of a strip of steel with a square cross-section; the second annular steel ring 302 is made of a strip of steel with a square cross-section; one end of the steel column 303 is connected to the first annular steel ring 301, and the other end of the steel column 303 is connected to the second annular steel ring 302, so that the first annular steel ring 301 and the second annular steel ring 302 are connected into a whole through the steel column 303; the number of steel columns 303 is greater than or equal to three, and they are evenly distributed in the first annular steel ring 301. The first annular steel ring 301 and the second annular steel ring 302 are circumferentially aligned; the first annular steel ring 301 contacts the through sleeve 201, and the inner and outer diameters of the first annular steel ring 301 match the end face contour of the through sleeve 201 to provide a reaction force to the through sleeve 201; the second annular steel ring 301 contacts the anchor plate 6 of the simplified device, and the inner diameters of the first annular steel ring 301 and the second annular steel ring 302 are larger than the maximum outer diameter of the second spherical nut 304; the inner diameters of both the first annular steel ring 301 and the second annular steel ring 302 are larger than the outer diameters of the anchor rod 4, the second sleeve 102, the third sleeve 1031, and the fourth sleeve 104.

[0025] It should be noted that the outer diameters of the first and second annular steel rings can be designed to be the same size, i.e., the bracket is cylindrical, or the outer diameters of the first and second annular steel rings can be designed to be different sizes, i.e., the bracket is frustum-shaped. Furthermore, the outer contours of the first and second annular steel rings can also be designed as circular, elliptical, or other geometric shapes, depending on the working conditions; this invention does not impose any limitations on these shapes.

[0026] The above description is merely an illustration of some principles of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model to the specific structures and applicable scope shown and described. Therefore, all possible modifications and equivalents that may be used fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A simple device for applying prestress to an anchor bolt, comprising a through-hole jack, an anchor bolt, and an anchor plate; the through-hole jack includes a through-hole sleeve and a through-hole sleeve end for applying prestress to the anchor bolt; characterized in that... The simplified device further includes a strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device and a tension locking device; the maximum outer diameter of one end of the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device is greater than the inner diameter of the end of the through-sleeve, and the maximum outer diameter of the remaining parts of the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device is smaller than the inner diameter of the through-sleeve and the inner diameter of the end of the through-sleeve; the other end of the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device is movably connected to the anchor rod; one end of the tension locking device contacts the through-sleeve; the other end of the tension locking device contacts the anchor plate; the outline size of the tension locking device matches the outer diameter of the through-sleeve, and is used to provide a reaction force to the through-sleeve; the strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device and the anchor rod can pass through the tension locking device; the tension locking device includes a hole for providing working space and locking the anchor rod after prestressing is applied.

2. The simple device for applying prestress to anchor bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that... The strip-shaped tensioning auxiliary device includes an anchor sleeve and a first spherical nut. The first spherical nut has an internal thread, and the anchor has an external thread. The internal and external threads are matched accordingly. The anchor sleeve is made of a circular steel tube and is divided into four parts, formed by integral forging of steel. The four parts of the anchor sleeve are, in order, a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve, and a fourth sleeve. The outer diameter of the first sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the end of the through sleeve. The outer diameters of the second, third, and fourth sleeves are smaller than the inner diameter of the through sleeve. The inner diameters of the first and second sleeves are both larger than the outer diameter of the first spherical nut. The outer diameter of the first spherical nut is larger than the inner diameter of the fourth sleeve. The third sleeve is a transition section, with its inner diameter gradually decreasing from the inner diameter of the second sleeve to the inner diameter of the fourth sleeve. The inner diameter of the fourth sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor. The second, third, and fourth sleeves can pass through the tension locking device.

3. The simple device for applying anchor prestress according to claim 2, characterized in that... The tension locking device includes a bracket and a second spherical nut; the second spherical nut includes an internal thread that matches the external thread on the anchor rod; the side of the bracket includes a hole for providing working space for tightening the second spherical nut to fix the anchor rod; the second, third, and fourth sleeves can pass through the bracket; the anchor rod can pass through the bracket and enter the third and fourth sleeves; one end of the bracket contacts the through sleeve to provide a reaction force to the through sleeve and lift the through sleeve to move; the other end of the bracket contacts the anchor plate of the simplified device; the end of the bracket that contacts the anchor plate includes a hole with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the second spherical nut.

4. The simple device for applying anchor prestress according to claim 3, characterized in that... The support includes a first annular steel ring, a second annular steel ring, and steel columns. The first annular steel ring is made of a square-section strip of steel. The second annular steel ring is also made of a square-section strip of steel. One end of each steel column is connected to the first annular steel ring, and the other end is connected to the second annular steel ring. There are three or more steel columns, evenly distributed around the circumference of the first and second annular steel rings. The first annular steel ring contacts the through-hole sleeve, and its inner and outer diameters match the end face contour of the through-hole sleeve to provide a reaction force to it. The second annular steel ring contacts the anchor plate, and the inner diameters of both the first and second annular steel rings are larger than the maximum outer diameter of the second spherical nut. The inner diameters of both the first and second annular steel rings are larger than the outer diameters of the anchor rod, the second sleeve, the third sleeve, and the fourth sleeve.

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