Portable laser radar

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser atmosphere remote sensing, and particularly relates to a portable laser radar. The laser radar comprises a transmitting unit and a receiving unit, and the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are both fixed on the optical platform; the transmitting unit, the receiving unit and the optical platform are integrally mounted in the U-shaped frame; the lower part of the U-shaped frame is connected with an azimuth pitching unit; the lower portion of the azimuth pitching unit is fixedly connected with a stand column assembly. The laser radar system disclosed by the utility model is stable and convenient to carry, and can be used for atmospheric measurement in various complex environments.

Description

[0001] This patent application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2023232030630, filed on November 27, 2023, entitled "A Portable LiDAR", which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0002] This utility model belongs to the field of laser atmospheric remote sensing technology, and in particular relates to a portable lidar. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, visibility measurement mainly utilizes technologies such as visibility meters, anemometers, and radar to monitor low visibility, fog, and pollution sources. Traditional visibility meter measurement technology is limited to point measurements, requiring numerous fixed locations at multiple points to obtain measurements of "line / area" visibility, fog, and pollution sources, leading to increased on-site construction and costs. Radar-based visibility measurement technology primarily relies on the scattering signal after a laser beam interacts with molecules or aerosol particles in the atmosphere, analyzing and calculating the visibility. However, lidar is a precision optical instrument and is not suitable for use in variable outdoor environments. As the application scope of lidar technology expands, more requirements are being placed on it. For example, it needs to be adaptable to varying external environments and portable, while its optomechanical system must operate continuously and stably. Utility Model Content

[0004] To provide a lidar that can adapt to varying external environments and maintain the continuous and stable operation of the optomechanical system, this invention proposes a portable lidar, the specific solution of which is as follows:

[0005] The lidar includes a transmitting unit and a receiving unit, both of which are fixed on an optical platform. The transmitting unit, receiving unit, and optical platform are integrally mounted within a U-shaped frame. An azimuth and elevation unit is connected below the U-shaped frame. A column assembly is fixedly connected below the azimuth and elevation unit. Further, the transmitting unit includes a laser, a reflector, an adjustment frame, and a first window.

[0006] The laser, the reflector, and the first window are arranged in sequence;

[0007] The adjustment bracket is used to fix and adjust the angle of the reflector;

[0008] The first window is a flat window with an anti-reflective coating on its surface;

[0009] A heat sink is provided on the outside of the laser, and a cooling fan is provided on the outside of the heat sink.

[0010] Furthermore, the receiving unit includes a receiving telescope, an eyepiece, a filter, a cutoff plate, and an attenuator arranged sequentially.

[0011] The eyepiece is installed inside the telescopic sleeve, so the filter, cutoff plate and attenuator are installed inside the sleeve, and the telescopic sleeve is located inside the sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the receiving unit also includes a retaining ring for fixing the receiving telescope, filter, cutoff plate, and attenuator.

[0013] Furthermore, the U-shaped frame is integrally formed, a first sealing groove is provided on the contact surface between the U-shaped frame and the transmitting unit, a second sealing groove is designed around the perimeter of the U-shaped frame, and the U-shaped frame is sealed to the outer cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the lidar also includes a data acquisition and processing unit, which interacts with the receiving unit via a communication line.

[0015] The data acquisition and processing unit includes an acquisition card, which is encased in an aluminum alloy.

[0016] The communication lines and power lines between the receiving unit and the data processing unit are all equipped with electromagnetic shielding rings.

[0017] Furthermore, the azimuth pitch unit includes a motor, a worm gear, a driver, an encoder, and a main control circuit board;

[0018] The encoder is connected to the main control circuit board, the main control circuit board is connected to the driver, the driver is used to drive the motor, the motor is connected to the worm gear, and the worm gear is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame.

[0019] Furthermore, the column assembly includes a lifting frame, a base, and casters;

[0020] The upper end of the lifting frame is connected to the azimuth and pitch unit, and the lower end is fixed on the base. Casters are connected to the lower end of the base.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] 1) The transmitting and receiving units are located on an optical platform. During operation, the transmitting and receiving optical axes can remain parallel and the optical path is stable.

[0023] 2) The azimuth and elevation unit and the column assembly can increase the application scenarios of the lidar. The azimuth and elevation unit can collect visibility information over a wide area, and the column assembly can realize portable movement and lifting functions.

[0024] 3) Conductive heat dissipation is used to cool the laser, ensuring a clean environment for the internal optical components of the equipment.

[0025] 4) The first window can ensure high transmittance and excellent transmitted waves, while also protecting the circuit board and other electronic instruments from environmental conditions.

[0026] 5) Electromagnetic shielding rings improve the electromagnetic field around the electromagnetic field, enhance signal quality, and shield radiation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a physical image of a portable lidar proposed in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the transmitting unit, receiving unit, and optical platform in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the transmitting unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the receiving unit in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the transmitting unit and the U-shaped frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 11. Laser; 12. Reflector; 13. Adjustment frame; 14. First window; 15. Heat sink; 2. Receiving unit; 21. Receiving telescope; 22. Eyepiece; 23. Filter; 24. Cut-off plate; 25. Attenuator; 26. Telescopic sleeve; 27. Sleeve; 3. Optical platform; 4. Azimuth and elevation unit; 5. Column assembly; 6. U-shaped frame; 61. First sealing groove; 62. Second sealing groove; 7. Outer cover; 8. Base; 9. Casters. Detailed Implementation

[0033] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a portable lidar includes a transmitting unit and a receiving unit 2, both of which are fixed on an optical platform 3. The transmitting unit, receiving unit 2, and optical platform 3 are installed as a whole within a U-shaped frame 6. An azimuth and elevation unit 4 is connected below the U-shaped frame 6. A column assembly 5 is fixedly connected below the azimuth and elevation unit 4.

[0034] Specifically, to ensure that the transmitting and receiving optical axes of the transmitting and receiving units 2 remain consistently parallel during operation, maintaining optical path stability, the transmitting and receiving units 2 are integrally mounted on a high-precision machined optical platform 3 for overall control. For example, the optical platform 3 is a lightweight aluminum alloy plate with a certain rigidity and strength. The transmitting unit, receiving unit 2, and optical platform 3 are integrally mounted within the U-shaped frame 6, ensuring the stability of the internal optical components of the transmitting and receiving units 2 and reducing the impact of external factors on the lidar. An azimuth and elevation unit 4 is connected to the lower part of the U-shaped frame 6. Through the azimuth and elevation unit 4, the transmitting and receiving angles of the lidar can be synchronously adjusted, facilitating measurements at different angles. A column assembly 5 is fixedly connected below the azimuth and elevation unit 4. The column assembly 5 can be raised and lowered, ensuring the equipment is portable and can be raised and lowered on-site, avoiding obstructions and expanding the equipment's application scenarios.

[0035] Furthermore, the transmitting unit includes a laser 11, a reflector 12, an adjustment frame 13, and a first window 14;

[0036] The laser 11, the reflector 12, and the first window 14 are arranged in sequence;

[0037] The adjustment bracket 13 is used to fix and adjust the angle of the reflector 12;

[0038] The first window 14 is a flat window with an anti-reflective film on its surface;

[0039] The laser 11 is provided with a heat sink 15 on the outside, and a cooling fan is provided on the outside of the heat sink 15.

[0040] For example, laser 11 emits 1064nm laser light, which is emitted into the atmosphere after passing through mirror 12 and first window 14 in sequence. Mirror 12 is located at the light output port of laser 11, and the angle of the emitted light is changed by adjusting the angle of mirror 12. Adjustment frame 13 is used to fix mirror 12, and its angle is changed accordingly. During system testing, the angle of mirror 12 is adjusted by adjustment frame 13 to ensure that the receiving and emitting optical axes are parallel, facilitating the reception of stronger backscattered light signals and accurate visibility extraction. First window 14 is a flat window with a 1064nm anti-reflection film on its surface, designed to ensure high light transmittance and excellent transmitted waves, while also protecting circuit boards and other electronic instruments from environmental influences. Laser 11 is the largest heat source. Since laser 11 is located within U-shaped frame 6, effective air cooling is not possible. In this embodiment, a heat sink 15 is installed outside laser 11, and a cooling fan is installed outside the heat sink 15. The laser 11 is cooled by heat conduction.

[0041] Furthermore, the receiving unit 2 includes a receiving telescope 21, an eyepiece 22, a filter 23, a cutoff plate 24, and an attenuator 25 arranged sequentially.

[0042] The eyepiece 22 is installed inside the telescopic sleeve 26, so the filter 23, the cutoff plate 24 and the attenuator 25 are installed inside the sleeve 27, and the telescopic sleeve 26 is disposed inside the sleeve 27.

[0043] For example, the receiving telescope 21 receives the echo signal from the laser reflected by the atmosphere. The echo signal passes sequentially through the eyepiece 22, filter 23, cutoff plate 24, and attenuator 25, and is then calibrated by an optical fiber collimator before being fed into the detector for processing. The eyepiece 22 is installed inside the telescopic sleeve 26, and the filter 23, cutoff plate 24, and attenuator 25 are sequentially installed inside the sleeve 27. The telescopic sleeve 26 is located inside the sleeve 27, and the distance between the eyepiece 22 and the optical elements such as the filter 23 is changed through the sleeve 25. The telescopic sleeve 26 is a high-precision SM1 telescopic sleeve.

[0044] Furthermore, the receiving unit 2 also includes a retaining ring for securing the receiving telescope 21, the filter 23, the cutoff plate 24, and the attenuator 25. The retaining ring secures the receiving telescope 21, the filter 23, the cutoff plate 24, and the attenuator 25, making the internal structure of the receiving unit 2 more stable and preventing damage to the equipment due to movement.

[0045] Furthermore, the U-shaped frame 6 is integrally formed, and a first sealing groove 61 is provided on the contact surface between the U-shaped frame 6 and the transmitting unit. A second sealing groove 62 is designed around the perimeter of the U-shaped frame 6, and the U-shaped frame 6 is sealed to the outer cover 7.

[0046] Specifically, a heat sink 15 is installed in the first sealing groove 61, and various wiring harnesses such as power cables and connecting cables from the lidar are installed in the second sealing groove 62. The U-shaped frame 6 and the outer cover 7 are sealed by O-rings. The U-shaped frame 6 and the outer cover 7 keep the internal optical components of the lidar clean and prevent moisture. The fan cooling only removes heat from the heat sink 15; during the cooling process, atmospheric dust and moisture will not enter the device, causing damage to the optical components or short circuits.

[0047] Furthermore, the lidar also includes a data acquisition and processing unit, which communicates with the receiving unit (2) via a communication line.

[0048] The data acquisition and processing unit includes an acquisition card, which is encased in an aluminum alloy.

[0049] The communication lines and power lines between the receiving unit 2 and the data processing unit are all equipped with electromagnetic shielding rings.

[0050] Specifically, to prevent electromagnetic interference from the internal components of the device, such as the data acquisition card, circuit board, and industrial control computer, which could cause signal jitter or tilting, the data acquisition card is encased in aluminum alloy for electromagnetic isolation. All power and communication cables are equipped with electromagnetic shielding rings.

[0051] Furthermore, the azimuth pitch unit 4 includes a motor, a worm gear, a driver, an encoder, and a main control circuit board; the encoder is connected to the main control circuit board, the main control circuit board is connected to the driver, the driver is used to drive the motor, the motor is connected to the worm gear, and the worm gear is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame 6.

[0052] Specifically, the industrial control computer encodes the encoder, the encoder drives the motor through the driver, the motor drives the worm gear to rotate, and the worm gear drives the U-shaped frame 6 to rotate, thereby realizing multi-angle acquisition.

[0053] Furthermore, the column assembly 5 includes a lifting frame, a base 8, and casters 9;

[0054] The upper end of the lifting frame is connected to the azimuth and elevation unit 4, and the lower end is fixed to the base 8. Casters 9 are connected to the lower end of the base 8. Specifically, the lifting frame is connected to the azimuth and elevation unit 4. By controlling the lifting frame to rise or fall, the entire lidar system can be raised or lowered, ensuring that the portable and field-mounted lidar equipment can avoid obstructions. Casters 9 are provided at the bottom of the base 8 for easy movement.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A portable lidar, characterized in that... ； The lidar includes a transmitting unit and a receiving unit (2), both of which are fixed on an optical platform (3); The transmitting unit, receiving unit (2) and optical platform (3) are installed as a whole within the U-shaped frame (6); The azimuth and pitch unit (4) is connected below the U-shaped frame (6); The azimuth and pitch unit (4) is fixedly connected to the column assembly (5) below.

2. A portable lidar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitting unit includes a laser (11), a reflector (12), an adjustment frame (13), and a first window (14); The laser (11), the reflector (12), and the first window (14) are arranged in sequence; The adjustment bracket (13) is used to fix and adjust the angle of the reflector (12); The first window (14) is a flat window with an anti-reflective coating on its surface; The laser (11) is provided with a heat sink (15) on the outside, and a cooling fan is provided on the outside of the heat sink (15).

3. A portable lidar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving unit (2) includes a receiving telescope (21), an eyepiece (22), a filter (23), a cutoff plate (24), and an attenuator (25) arranged in sequence; The eyepiece (22) is installed inside the telescopic sleeve (26), so the filter (23), cutoff plate (24) and attenuator (25) are installed inside the sleeve (27), and the telescopic sleeve (26) is located inside the sleeve (27).

4. A portable lidar according to claim 3, characterized in that, The receiving unit (2) also includes a retaining ring for fixing the receiving telescope (21), filter (23), cutoff plate (24), and attenuator (25).

5. A portable lidar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The U-shaped frame (6) is integrally formed. A first sealing groove (61) is provided on the contact surface between the U-shaped frame (6) and the transmitting unit. A second sealing groove (62) is designed around the U-shaped frame (6). The U-shaped frame (6) is sealed to the outer cover (7).

6. A portable lidar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lidar also includes a data acquisition and processing unit, which interacts with the receiving unit (2) via a communication line. The data acquisition and processing unit includes an acquisition card, which is encased in an aluminum alloy. The communication line and power line between the receiving unit (2) and the data processing unit are equipped with electromagnetic shielding rings.

7. A portable lidar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The azimuth pitch unit (4) includes a motor, a worm gear, a driver, an encoder, and a main control circuit board; The encoder is connected to the main control circuit board, the main control circuit board is connected to the driver, the driver is used to drive the motor, the motor is connected to the worm gear, and the worm gear is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame (6).

8. A portable lidar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column assembly (5) includes a lifting frame, a base (8), and casters (9); The upper end of the lifting frame is connected to the azimuth pitch unit (4), and the lower end is fixed on the base (8). The lower end of the base (8) is connected to casters (9).

Images