Reliable satellite Internet of Things data transmission terminal

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of satellite communication, and discloses a reliable satellite Internet of Things data transmission terminal, which comprises a main controller, a satellite communication module, a power supply module and a positioning module, and is characterized in that the satellite communication module is respectively connected with the main controller and the power supply module; wherein the satellite communication module comprises a baseband processing module and a radio frequency module, the baseband processing module is composed of a data preprocessor and a decompression decoder, and the radio frequency module is composed of a receiving front end module and a power amplifier module; the power supply module is composed of a power supply circuit and an overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit. The radio frequency technology and the main controller adopted by the utility model can ensure the stability and reliability of signals, improve the stability and reliability of the terminal, realize high-speed and stable data transmission, and meet the requirements of an Internet of Things system on real-time and remote data transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular to a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal. Background Technology

[0002] From primarily manual operation to full utilization of automatic control, from mechanized operation to digitalization, intelligence, and smart technology, technological development and progress have driven the informatization process of oilfields. Petroleum companies are moving towards digitalization and smart technology, and the core of digital transformation is the Internet of Things (IoT).

[0003] With the rapid development of IoT technology, the demands on connectivity and transmission capabilities are unprecedentedly stringent. Existing conventional terrestrial communication technologies have achieved ubiquitous connectivity between people, between people and machines, and between machines. However, for remote areas such as deserts, oceans, and polar regions, traditional wired or wireless terrestrial communication methods cannot meet data transmission needs. Satellite communication technology, as an effective solution, is not limited by location or terrain, offers simpler network setup and easier installation and dismantling, and boasts wide coverage and high reliability. Using satellite IoT data transmission terminals can cover remote areas that are difficult to reach with traditional terrestrial networks. Furthermore, satellite communication has strong anti-interference capabilities and stability, ensuring reliable data transmission even in harsh environments.

[0004] In recent years, satellite communication technology has gradually entered the oil and gas production industry, providing essential and reliable connectivity and protection for its workers. However, as the entire oil and gas industry accelerates its automation and digital transformation, it has placed higher demands on the remote control and maintenance capabilities of equipment. Furthermore, the amount of data generated by oilfield equipment and facilities is typically enormous; for example, a single oil drilling rig can generate over 1TB of data per day, equivalent to 130,000 digital photographs. Existing satellite communication technology suffers from transmission delays due to its long transmission distances. In general, data is first sent to a remote data center for hosting, application, and data storage. For instance, if the massive amount of data mentioned above were transmitted via satellite, it could take 12 days to transmit one day's worth of data from an oil drilling platform to a data center. Users cannot access the data they need in real time, and the data obtained after such a long delay may have expired and become invalid. This makes existing satellite data transmission terminals unsuitable for applications with extremely high real-time requirements.

[0005] In summary, there are numerous challenges to overcome in integrating satellite communication technology with the oil and gas Internet of Things (IoT). Currently available satellite IoT data transmission terminals generally suffer from low transmission efficiency and high power consumption, limiting the application and development of satellite IoT technology. Therefore, developing a new, reliable satellite IoT data transmission terminal that improves data transmission efficiency and stability, reduces power consumption, and achieves miniaturized terminal design has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0006] This utility model provides a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal to solve the problems mentioned above in the prior art.

[0007] To provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended as a general commentary, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or to describe the scope of protection of these embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simple form as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.

[0008] Therefore, the specific technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A reliable satellite IoT data transmission terminal includes: a main controller, a satellite communication module, a power supply module, and a positioning module. The satellite communication module is connected to both the main controller and the power supply module. The satellite communication module includes a baseband processing module and a radio frequency (RF) module. The baseband processing module consists of a data preprocessor and a decompression decoder. The RF module consists of a receiving front-end module and a power amplifier module. The power supply module consists of a power supply circuit and an overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit.

[0010] In one embodiment, the main controller includes a chip U3, resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, R8, and R12, capacitors C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, and C17, and a crystal oscillator OS1. The fifth pin of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R12, the other end of resistor R12 is connected to the third pin of crystal oscillator OS1, the second pin of crystal oscillator OS1 is connected to one end of capacitor C17 and grounded, and the other end of capacitor C17 is connected to the fourth pin of crystal oscillator OS1 and the positive power supply. The seventh pin of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R2, the other end of resistor R2 is connected to the positive power supply, and the twenty-eighth pin of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R8, the other end of resistor R8 is grounded. Pin 31 of chip U3 is connected to one end of capacitor C10, and the other end of capacitor C10 is grounded; pin 46 of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R5, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply; pin 47 of chip U3 is connected to one end of capacitor C9, and the other end of capacitor C9 is grounded; pin 49 of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R4, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply; pin 60 of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R3, and the other end of resistor R9 is grounded; pins 1, 13, 19, 32, 48, and 64 of chip U3 are all connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and capacitors C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, and C16 are connected in parallel to each other and connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.

[0011] In one embodiment, the main controller is provided with two RS232 interfaces and one RS485 interface.

[0012] In one embodiment, the satellite communication module includes a chip U9, capacitors C25, C26, C35, C36, C37, C38, C39, and C40; wherein, capacitors C25, C26, C38, C39, and C40 are connected in parallel and respectively connected to the third, fifth, seventh, and ninth pins of the chip U9; capacitors C35, C36, and C37 are connected in parallel and respectively connected to the fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth pins of the chip U9; and the second, nineteenth, thirtieth, thirty-ninth, fortieth, forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-ninth, and fiftieth pins of the chip U9 are all grounded.

[0013] In one embodiment, the satellite communication module is equipped with a SIM card interface, a network status indicator, a data status indicator, a power indicator, a Tiantong antenna interface, a BD antenna interface, and a USB interface.

[0014] In one embodiment, the power supply circuit includes chips U1, U2, U5, and U8; ferrite beads FB1 and FB2; diode S1; inductors L1 and L4; capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C27, C28, C31, C32, C33, and C34; inductor L2; and resistors R22, R24, R25, R27, R34, R36, R37, and R38. Resistors R39 and R40; the first pin of chip U1 is connected to the fourth pin of chip U1 and one end of capacitor C8 and grounded; the third pin of chip U1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C8, one end of ferrite bead FB1, and the second pin of chip U1; the fifth pin of chip U1 is connected to one end of resistor R25 and one end of resistor R24; the sixth pin of chip U1 is connected to the other end of resistor R24, one end of resistor R22, one end of inductor L2, and capacitor C3. One end of the capacitor C4 is connected to one end of the inductor C3, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to one end of the capacitor C3 and one end of the resistor R25. The seventh pin of the chip U1 is connected to one end of the inductor L2, and the eighth pin of the chip U1 is connected to one end of the resistor R22. The first pin of the chip U2 is connected to the fourth pin of the chip U2 and one end of the capacitor C32 and grounded. The third pin of the chip U2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C32, one end of the ferrite bead FB2, and the second pin of the chip U2. The fifth pin of chip U2 is connected to one end of resistor R39 and one end of resistor R38, respectively. The sixth pin of chip U2 is connected to the other end of resistor R38, one end of resistor R37, one end of inductor L1, one end of capacitor C7, and one end of capacitor C31, respectively. The other end of capacitor C31 is connected to one end of capacitor C7 and one end of resistor R39, respectively. The seventh pin of chip U2 is connected to one end of inductor L1, and the eighth pin of chip U2 is connected to one end of resistor R37.The first pin of chip U5 is connected to one end of capacitor C1 and one end of capacitor C27, respectively. The other end of capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C27 and grounded. The third, fifth, and sixth pins of chip U5 are all grounded. The second pin of chip U5 is connected to the negative terminal of diode S1 and one end of inductor L4, respectively. The positive terminal of diode S1 is grounded. The other end of inductor L4 is connected to one end of capacitor C2, one end of capacitor C28, one end of capacitor C5, one end of capacitor C6, and one end of inductor R34, respectively. The other end of capacitor C2 is connected to... The other ends of capacitor C28, C5, and C6 are connected to and grounded. The fourth pin of chip U5 is connected to one end of resistor R27 and the other end of resistor R34, with the other end of resistor R27 grounded. The first pin of chip U8 is connected to one end of resistor R40 and one end of capacitor C33. The other end of resistor R40 is connected to the third pin of chip U8. The other end of capacitor C33 is connected to the second pin of chip U8 and grounded. The fifth pin of chip U8 is connected to one end of capacitor C34, with the other end of capacitor C34 grounded.

[0015] In one embodiment, the overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit includes a switch S1, resistors R1 and R2, a socket P9, a diode DT2, a fuse F1, a diode D1, a capacitor C4, and a capacitor C6. The second pin of the switch S1 is connected to one end of each of the resistors R1 and R2, one end of the diode DT2, and one end of the fuse F1. The third pin of the switch S1 is connected to the first pin of the socket P9, the other end of each of the resistors R1 and R2. The other end of the diode DT2 is connected to the second pin of the socket P9 and grounded. The other end of the fuse F1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D1, one end of the capacitor C6, and one end of the capacitor C4. The other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C6 and the positive terminal of the diode D1 and grounded.

[0016] The technical solution provided by this utility model embodiment may include the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) High data transmission efficiency: This utility model can achieve high-speed and stable data transmission, meeting the needs of IoT systems for real-time and remote data transmission.

[0018] 2) Good stability: The radio frequency technology and main controller adopted by this utility model can ensure the stability and reliability of the signal, and improve the stability and reliability of the terminal.

[0019] 3) Low power consumption: The low power consumption design reduces the power consumption of the terminal, extends its service life, and reduces operating costs.

[0020] 4) This utility model adopts a modular design concept, which compromises between integration and flexibility, does not occupy too much circuit board space, and is easy to differentiate products.

[0021] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the main controller in a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of a satellite communication module in a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a satellite communication module in a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the SIM communication module in a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of a status indicator output circuit in a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a power supply circuit diagram of a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0030] Figure 8 This is an overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit diagram in a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of a positioning module in a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a lightning protection circuit diagram for an RS-485 interface in a reliable satellite Internet of Things data transmission terminal, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0033] Figure 11 This is an exemplary embodiment illustrating a USB circuit ESD protection circuit diagram in a reliable satellite IoT data transmission terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate specific embodiments described herein to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Some embodiments may include or substitute parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments herein encompasses the entire scope of the claims and all available equivalents thereof. Throughout this document, the terms “first,” “second,” etc., are used only to distinguish one element from another without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between the elements. Indeed, a first element can also be referred to as a second element, and vice versa. Furthermore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a structure, apparatus, or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a structure, apparatus, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the structure, apparatus, or device that includes said element. The various embodiments described herein are presented in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments; similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably.

[0035] The terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" used in this document to indicate orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for the convenience of describing this document and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In the description herein, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two elements; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this document, unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0037] In this article, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0038] In this article, the term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0039] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0040] Figures 1-11 An embodiment of a reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal of the present invention is shown.

[0041] In this optional embodiment, the reliable satellite IoT data transmission terminal includes: a main controller, a satellite communication module, a power supply module, and a positioning module, wherein the satellite communication module is connected to the main controller and the power supply module respectively;

[0042] The satellite communication module includes a baseband processing module and a radio frequency (RF) module. The baseband processing module consists of a data preprocessor and a decompression decoder, and the RF module consists of a receiving front-end module and a power amplifier module. The power supply module consists of a power supply circuit and an overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit.

[0043] In this optional embodiment, the main controller includes chip U3, resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, R8, R12, capacitors C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, and crystal oscillator OS1.

[0044] Wherein, the fifth pin of the chip U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the third pin of the crystal oscillator OS1, the second pin of the crystal oscillator OS1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C17 and grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C17 is connected to the fourth pin of the crystal oscillator OS1 and the positive power supply.

[0045] The seventh pin of the chip U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The twenty-eighth pin of the chip U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is grounded. The thirty-first pin of the chip U3 is connected to one end of the capacitor C10, and the other end of the capacitor C10 is grounded.

[0046] The 46th pin of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R5, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The 47th pin of chip U3 is connected to one end of capacitor C9, and the other end of capacitor C9 is grounded. The 49th pin of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R4, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The 60th pin of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R3, and the other end of resistor R9 is grounded.

[0047] The first, thirteenth, nineteenth, thirty-second, forty-eighth, and sixty-fourth pins of the chip U3 are all connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the capacitors C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, and C16 are connected in parallel to each other and connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.

[0048] In this optional embodiment, the main controller is provided with two RS232 interfaces and one RS485 interface.

[0049] In this optional embodiment, the satellite communication module includes chip U9, capacitor C25, capacitor C26, capacitor C35, capacitor C36, capacitor C37, capacitor C38, capacitor C39 and capacitor C40;

[0050] Among them, capacitors C25, C26, C38, C39 and C40 are connected in parallel and are respectively connected to the third pin, fifth pin, seventh pin and ninth pin of chip U9;

[0051] The capacitors C35, C36, and C37 are connected in parallel and are respectively connected to the fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth pins of the chip U9.

[0052] The second, nineteenth, thirtieth, thirty-ninth, fortieth, forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-ninth, and fiftieth pins of the chip U9 are all grounded.

[0053] In this optional embodiment, the satellite communication module is equipped with a SIM card interface, a network status indicator, a data status indicator, a power indicator, a Tiantong antenna interface, a BD antenna interface, and a USB interface.

[0054] In this optional embodiment, the power supply circuit includes chip U1, chip U2, chip U5, chip U8, ferrite bead FB1, ferrite bead FB2, diode S1, inductor L1, inductor L4, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, capacitor C6, capacitor C7, capacitor C8, capacitor C27, capacitor C28, capacitor C31, capacitor C32, capacitor C33, capacitor C34, inductor L2, resistor R22, resistor R24, resistor R25, resistor R27, resistor R34, resistor R36, resistor R37, resistor R38, resistor R39, and resistor R40;

[0055] The first pin of chip U1 is connected to the fourth pin of chip U1 and one end of capacitor C8 and grounded. The third pin of chip U1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C8, one end of ferrite bead FB1 and the second pin of chip U1. The fifth pin of chip U1 is connected to one end of resistor R25 and one end of resistor R24. The sixth pin of chip U1 is connected to the other end of resistor R24, one end of resistor R22, one end of inductor L2, one end of capacitor C3 and one end of capacitor C4. The other end of capacitor C4 is connected to one end of capacitor C3 and one end of resistor R25. The seventh pin of chip U1 is connected to one end of inductor L2. The eighth pin of chip U1 is connected to one end of resistor R22.

[0056] The first pin of chip U2 is connected to the fourth pin of chip U2 and one end of capacitor C32 and grounded. The third pin of chip U2 is connected to the other end of capacitor C32, one end of ferrite bead FB2 and the second pin of chip U2. The fifth pin of chip U2 is connected to one end of resistor R39 and one end of resistor R38. The sixth pin of chip U2 is connected to the other end of resistor R38, one end of resistor R37, one end of inductor L1, one end of capacitor C7 and one end of capacitor C31. The other end of capacitor C31 is connected to one end of capacitor C7 and one end of resistor R39. The seventh pin of chip U2 is connected to one end of inductor L1. The eighth pin of chip U2 is connected to one end of resistor R37.

[0057] The first pin of chip U5 is connected to one end of capacitor C1 and one end of capacitor C27, respectively. The other end of capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C27 and grounded. The third, fifth, and sixth pins of chip U5 are all grounded. The second pin of chip U5 is connected to the negative terminal of diode S1 and one end of inductor L4, respectively. The positive terminal of diode S1 is grounded. The other end of inductor L4 is connected to one end of capacitor C2, one end of capacitor C28, one end of capacitor C5, one end of capacitor C6, and one end of inductor R34, respectively. The other end of capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of capacitor C28, the other end of capacitor C5, and the other end of capacitor C6 and grounded. The fourth pin of chip U5 is connected to one end of resistor R27 and the other end of resistor R34, respectively. The other end of resistor R27 is grounded.

[0058] The first pin of the chip U8 is connected to one end of the resistor R40 and one end of the capacitor C33, the other end of the resistor R40 is connected to the third pin of the chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C33 is connected to the second pin of the chip U8 and grounded, the fifth pin of the chip U8 is connected to one end of the capacitor C34, and the other end of the capacitor C34 is grounded.

[0059] In this optional embodiment, the overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit includes a switch S1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a socket P9, a diode DT2, a fuse F1, a diode D1, a capacitor C4, and a capacitor C6.

[0060] Specifically, the second pin of switch S1 is connected to one end of resistor R1, one end of resistor R2, one end of diode DT2, and one end of fuse F1. The third pin of switch S1 is connected to the first pin of socket P9, the other end of resistor R1, and the other end of resistor R2. The other end of diode DT2 is connected to the second pin of socket P9 and grounded. The other end of fuse F1 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D1, one end of capacitor C6, and one end of capacitor C4. The other end of capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of capacitor C6 and the positive terminal of diode D1 and grounded.

[0061] To facilitate understanding of the above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model, the following further explains the above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model from the perspective of architecture and principle, as follows:

[0062] This invention aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art and provide a new and reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal. This terminal employs advanced hardware design and data transmission algorithms to achieve high-speed, stable data transmission and features low power consumption.

[0063] This invention aims to enable the collection, transmission, and processing of large amounts of data generated by the oil and gas IoT in areas where traditional terrestrial communication networks are unavailable. This reduces the bandwidth bottlenecks, transmission delays, and high costs associated with sending large amounts of satellite data back to Earth for processing. The satellite IoT data transmission terminal is a key device connecting terrestrial IoT devices to satellite networks. Its basic principle lies in utilizing the wide coverage of satellite communication to achieve remote transmission of IoT data.

[0064] This utility model is a data transmission terminal integrating Tiantong satellite mobile communication, GPS / BeiDou, and main controller functions. It provides half-duplex data transmission services up to 9.6kbps, BeiDou B1 / GPS L1 positioning, SIM card functionality, status indication, and extended serial port capabilities. It can communicate normally at a maximum speed of Mach 0.9. This satellite IoT data transmission terminal is developed based on the Tiantong communication module and is equipped with a LEMO communication interface. Users can connect to application platforms, sensor interfaces, etc., through this interface. The device can be used in scenarios such as remote monitoring and low-power data transmission. The unit principle block diagram of the terminal is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the HTDM1611 Tiantong module is a wireless module that integrates Tiantong satellite mobile communication functions. It integrates baseband chip, radio frequency chip, power amplifier, power management and peripheral chips, and can provide voice and data service functions.

[0065] The main circuit components used in the circuit design of this utility model device can be divided into several parts, which are summarized as follows:

[0066] 1. Main Controller (MCU)

[0067] As the core control unit of the entire circuit system, the processor is responsible for data processing, instruction execution, and communication with other modules. The selected processor includes components such as AP (application processor), CP (communication processor), and GPU (graphics processor) to meet different data processing and communication needs.

[0068] like Figure 2As shown, the terminal's MCU provides two RS232 interfaces: a main service RS232 interface and a BeiDou RS232 interface, both two-wire. The main service RS232 interface is used for service data transmission and reception; the BeiDou RS232 interface is used for BeiDou positioning information output. Both interfaces have a default baud rate of 115200bps, 8 data bits (1 start bit, 1 stop bit), and no parity. An additional RS485 interface is provided for connecting external sensors and other RS485 devices; custom development is available to meet specific needs.

[0069] 2. Satellite communication module

[0070] This satellite data transmission terminal uses the HTDM1611 module to achieve data communication with the satellite, including data reception, transmission and signal processing functions. This module integrates baseband chip, radio frequency chip, power amplifier and peripheral chips, and provides voice and data service functions.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, the satellite communication module mainly consists of the following two parts:

[0072] 1) Baseband Processing Chip: The baseband processing module consists of a data preprocessor and a decompression decoder. The data preprocessor mainly performs real-time frame synchronization, descrambling, decryption, and decoding, and can also record and play back data. The decompression decoder mainly performs frame format parsing and decompression decoding. The data processor consists of data protocol conversion, data processing, storage, baseband data transmission modules, and software. The decompression encoder consists of interface control circuit, self-test circuit, buffer deformatting circuit, and decompression encoding / decoding circuit.

[0073] 2) RF Chip: The RF module consists of a receiver front-end module and a power amplifier module. The integrated receiver front-end integrates a low-noise amplifier, mixer, local oscillator, and preamplifier onto a single integrated circuit. The power amplifier module integrates a miniaturized traveling wave tube, preamplifier solid-state amplifier, gain equalizer, modulator, and power supply.

[0074] The main circuit diagram of the HTDM1611 communication module is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the relevant external application interfaces are described in detail below:

[0075] SIM Card Interface: The terminal device supports a self-ejecting Nano-SIM connector, allowing users to insert or eject a Nano-SIM card compatible with the TianTong system through the SIM card slot on the casing. The circuitry is as follows... Figure 5 As shown.

[0076] Status Indicator Lights: The terminal device provides three indicator lights: network status, data status, and power. The network status indicator (NET) flashes for 1 second, then turns off for 1 second, indicating that the terminal has joined the network. The data status indicator (ACT) flashes for 0.5 seconds, then turns off for 0.5 seconds, indicating that data is being transmitted. The power status indicator (POWER) remains constantly lit, indicating that the terminal is powered on normally. The relevant circuit diagram is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0077] Antenna Interfaces: The terminal device has one Tiantong antenna interface (using a single antenna for both transmission and reception) and one BD antenna interface. The interface type is a through-wall SMA socket on the housing, and both antenna interfaces have an impedance of 50Ω. The 1611 communication module supports half-duplex operation, and the Beidou channel has a built-in LNA with a gain of 20dB. The BD antenna interface can directly connect to a BD B1 / GPSL1 dual-mode active antenna or a passive antenna. The terminal device integrates the Tiantong and Beidou antennas into a single unit, achieving a miniaturized design.

[0078] 3. Power supply circuit design

[0079] A TVS diode is placed after the power switch to protect the circuit from transient overvoltages. It can quickly respond and limit voltage within a short time, thus protecting other sensitive components in the circuit from damage. A fuse is also placed for overcurrent protection, and it works in conjunction with a diode for reverse connection protection. In the event of a reverse power connection, the diode will conduct, causing a large current to flow and triggering the fuse to blow, thereby cutting off the circuit and protecting the main equipment from damage. Figure 8 As shown.

[0080] The satellite IoT data transmission terminal is powered externally by 12VDC, while the internal core module's power supply ranges from 1.80-5.25V, with a typical value of 5V. The terminal only needs to be powered on normally; no operation is required, and it will automatically complete operations such as communication module startup and SIM card identification. The main power module provides a stable power supply to the entire circuit system, ensuring that all key circuit components operate normally and stably at their operating voltages. This includes components such as power converters, voltage regulators, and battery managers, to support different module power supply methods and power management strategies, such as... Figure 7 As shown.

[0081] The TPS62160 synchronous buck DC-DC converter chip converts the external 12VDC power supply to 3.3V and supports continuous output current up to 1A. It combines the advantages of hysteresis, voltage mode and current mode control, and can operate in PWM (pulse width modulation) mode under medium and heavy load conditions. Under light load, it automatically and seamlessly enters energy-saving mode, providing fast transient response and high output voltage accuracy.

[0082] In addition, the LM2596SX-ADJ chip is used as a DC-DC switching buck regulator, the TPS62160DGKR chip as a high-efficiency switching regulator, and the RP114N181B-TR-FF chip as a linear voltage regulator (LDO) to achieve stable and flexible voltage conversion, providing stable current output for the important communication module HTDM1611, realizing low power consumption design and saving energy.

[0083] 4. Positioning (GPS / BD module) circuit design

[0084] The positioning module uses the UBLOX MAX-M8Q dual-mode GPS / BeiDou positioning module chip, which can simultaneously support multiple satellite navigation system frequencies, providing accurate geographic location information. It supports both GPS and BeiDou dual-mode positioning, offering wider coverage and higher positioning accuracy. Suitable for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), it meets the positioning needs of different regions and countries. Related circuitry is as follows... Figure 9 As shown.

[0085] 5. Design of key peripheral interface circuits

[0086] 1) One RS-485 interface

[0087] The circuit board features an onboard RS485 transceiver chip with an isolation withstand voltage of up to 5000VDC, ensuring the transceiver's stability and safety in high-voltage environments. Its bus ESD protection capability reaches up to 15kV, effectively preventing damage from electrostatic discharge. A transient immunity of >25kV / µs gives the transceiver chip strong resistance to transient overvoltages or pulse bursts, guaranteeing the stability and reliability of data transmission. Furthermore, the circuit design has considered protection requirements against complex electromagnetic environments such as surge pulses. (See...) Figure 10 Lightning protection circuit design.

[0088] 2) One USB port

[0089] USB interfaces are frequently hot-plugged during use, making the chips on the board susceptible to electrostatic discharge (ESD). However, in such scenarios, the circuit design cannot use ordinary Zener diodes for channel protection because Zener diodes have too slow a response rate and a large capacitive load, which would affect data communication on the channel. Therefore, the NUP2202W1 is used here for ESD protection to protect the electronic device from damage caused by electrostatic discharge. Figure 11 As shown, the NUP2202W1 device is used for single-channel USB protection, while the NUP4114UPXV6 device is used to protect two USB lines.

[0090] The innovative aspects of this device in its physical structure, such as the introduction of an intelligent main controller module, miniaturized terminal antenna design, low-power power circuit design, and embedded motherboard interface protection circuit design (overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit design, 485 interface isolation protection circuit design, and USB circuit ESD protection design, etc.), strengthen its basis for protection as a utility model patent. At the same time, it clarifies that this device has significant technical effects and commercial value in practical applications, and can make a positive contribution to the field of intelligent data transmission in oil and gas fields.

[0091] This invention proposes a novel satellite integrated networking model applicable to multiple scenarios in oil and gas fields, encompassing both narrow and wideband networks. This model comprehensively considers common weak or no-network scenarios in oil and gas fields, matching them with suitable satellite communication technologies. The satellite IoT data transmission terminal, designed based on applicable satellite communication technologies, features miniaturization and low-power design. Compared to traditional satellite data transmission terminals, the satellite IoT data transmission terminal provided by this invention significantly improves usability and ease of use. The overall networking solution combines satellite with business applications, integrating edge computing gateways for field applications, thereby increasing communication capacity and range, and achieving faster and more efficient data processing and communication. Therefore, considering various factors, the technical solution of this invention is the optimal solution for current weak or no-network environments in oil and gas fields.

[0092] This invention is not limited to the structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reliable satellite Internet of Things (IoT) data transmission terminal, characterized in that, include: The system includes a main controller, a satellite communication module, a power supply module, and a positioning module, wherein the satellite communication module is connected to both the main controller and the power supply module. The satellite communication module includes a baseband processing module and a radio frequency (RF) module. The baseband processing module consists of a data preprocessor and a decompression decoder, and the RF module consists of a receiving front-end module and a power amplifier module. The power supply module consists of a power supply circuit and an overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit.

2. The reliable satellite IoT data transmission terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main controller includes chip U3, resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, R8, R12, capacitors C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, and crystal oscillator OS1. Wherein, the fifth pin of the chip U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the third pin of the crystal oscillator OS1, the second pin of the crystal oscillator OS1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C17 and grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C17 is connected to the fourth pin of the crystal oscillator OS1 and the positive power supply. The seventh pin of the chip U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The twenty-eighth pin of the chip U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is grounded. The thirty-first pin of the chip U3 is connected to one end of the capacitor C10, and the other end of the capacitor C10 is grounded. The 46th pin of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R5, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The 47th pin of chip U3 is connected to one end of capacitor C9, and the other end of capacitor C9 is grounded. The 49th pin of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R4, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The 60th pin of chip U3 is connected to one end of resistor R3, and the other end of resistor R9 is grounded. The first, thirteenth, nineteenth, thirty-second, forty-eighth, and sixty-fourth pins of the chip U3 are all connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the capacitors C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, and C16 are connected in parallel to each other and connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.

3. The reliable satellite IoT data transmission terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main controller is equipped with two RS232 interfaces and one RS485 interface.

4. The reliable satellite IoT data transmission terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The satellite communication module includes chip U9, capacitors C25, C26, C35, C36, C37, C38, C39 and C40. Among them, capacitors C25, C26, C38, C39 and C40 are connected in parallel and are respectively connected to the third pin, fifth pin, seventh pin and ninth pin of chip U9; The capacitors C35, C36, and C37 are connected in parallel and are respectively connected to the fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth pins of the chip U9. The second, nineteenth, thirtieth, thirty-ninth, fortieth, forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-ninth, and fiftieth pins of the chip U9 are all grounded.

5. The reliable satellite IoT data transmission terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The satellite communication module is equipped with a SIM card interface, network status indicator, data status indicator, power indicator, Tiantong antenna interface, BD antenna interface and USB interface.

6. The reliable satellite IoT data transmission terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit includes chip U1, chip U2, chip U5, chip U8, ferrite bead FB1, ferrite bead FB2, diode S1, inductor L1, inductor L4, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, capacitor C6, capacitor C7, capacitor C8, capacitor C27, capacitor C28, capacitor C31, capacitor C32, capacitor C33, capacitor C34, inductor L2, resistor R22, resistor R24, resistor R25, resistor R27, resistor R34, resistor R36, resistor R37, resistor R38, resistor R39 and resistor R40; The first pin of chip U1 is connected to the fourth pin of chip U1 and one end of capacitor C8 and grounded. The third pin of chip U1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C8, one end of ferrite bead FB1 and the second pin of chip U1. The fifth pin of chip U1 is connected to one end of resistor R25 and one end of resistor R24. The sixth pin of chip U1 is connected to the other end of resistor R24, one end of resistor R22, one end of inductor L2, one end of capacitor C3 and one end of capacitor C4. The other end of capacitor C4 is connected to one end of capacitor C3 and one end of resistor R25. The seventh pin of chip U1 is connected to one end of inductor L2. The eighth pin of chip U1 is connected to one end of resistor R22. The first pin of chip U2 is connected to the fourth pin of chip U2 and one end of capacitor C32 and grounded. The third pin of chip U2 is connected to the other end of capacitor C32, one end of ferrite bead FB2 and the second pin of chip U2. The fifth pin of chip U2 is connected to one end of resistor R39 and one end of resistor R38. The sixth pin of chip U2 is connected to the other end of resistor R38, one end of resistor R37, one end of inductor L1, one end of capacitor C7 and one end of capacitor C31. The other end of capacitor C31 is connected to one end of capacitor C7 and one end of resistor R39. The seventh pin of chip U2 is connected to one end of inductor L1. The eighth pin of chip U2 is connected to one end of resistor R37. The first pin of chip U5 is connected to one end of capacitor C1 and one end of capacitor C27, respectively. The other end of capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C27 and grounded. The third, fifth, and sixth pins of chip U5 are all grounded. The second pin of chip U5 is connected to the negative terminal of diode S1 and one end of inductor L4, respectively. The positive terminal of diode S1 is grounded. The other end of inductor L4 is connected to one end of capacitor C2, one end of capacitor C28, one end of capacitor C5, one end of capacitor C6, and one end of inductor R34, respectively. The other end of capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of capacitor C28, the other end of capacitor C5, and the other end of capacitor C6 and grounded. The fourth pin of chip U5 is connected to one end of resistor R27 and the other end of resistor R34, respectively. The other end of resistor R27 is grounded. The first pin of the chip U8 is connected to one end of the resistor R40 and one end of the capacitor C33, the other end of the resistor R40 is connected to the third pin of the chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C33 is connected to the second pin of the chip U8 and grounded, the fifth pin of the chip U8 is connected to one end of the capacitor C34, and the other end of the capacitor C34 is grounded.

7. The reliable satellite IoT data transmission terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit includes switch S1, resistor R1, resistor R2, socket P9, diode DT2, fuse F1, diode D1, capacitor C4, and capacitor C6. Specifically, the second pin of switch S1 is connected to one end of resistor R1, one end of resistor R2, one end of diode DT2, and one end of fuse F1. The third pin of switch S1 is connected to the first pin of socket P9, the other end of resistor R1, and the other end of resistor R2. The other end of diode DT2 is connected to the second pin of socket P9 and grounded. The other end of fuse F1 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D1, one end of capacitor C6, and one end of capacitor C4. The other end of capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of capacitor C6 and the positive terminal of diode D1 and grounded.

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