S-band ripple TEM horn antenna with high gain

Abstract

The utility model discloses an S-band ripple TEM horn antenna with high gain, and relates to the technical field of ultra-wideband antennas. To solve the problem; the antenna specifically comprises a coaxial balun and an antenna main body. Wherein the coaxial balun comprises a coaxial inner conductor and a coaxial outer conductor sleeved outside the coaxial inner conductor; the antenna main body comprises two radiating antennas arranged at one end of the coaxial balun, and the two radiating antennas are symmetrically arranged by taking a first direction of radial extension of the coaxial balun as a symmetric line; and the radiating antenna is composed of two planar feed arms of which the end parts are connected with each other. According to the TEM horn antenna, the antenna main body for radiating signals is technically improved, the appearance state of the antenna main body is changed, the signal gain and the directional radiation characteristic of the antenna main body are improved under the condition of not depending on additional elements, and compared with a TEM horn antenna in the prior art, the antenna main body is simple in design, low in material consumption and low in cost. And the signal gain and the directional radiation characteristic of the antenna main body can be effectively optimized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ultra wide band antenna, especially to a S wave band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of ultra wide band antenna design, S wave band corrugated TEM horn antenna is widely used in wireless communication, high power pulse radiation system and electromagnetic compatibility measurement field due to its excellent gain, directivity and wide working bandwidth. However, the existing design method has made certain progress in improving the performance of the antenna, but there are still some problems to be solved.

[0003] Firstly, the current common technology mainly relies on loading geometric structure or reflection cavity at the antenna aperture to optimize the gain and directivity of the antenna. Although these methods can improve the gain or improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna to a certain extent, the effect is usually limited, and the improvement of the gain is often difficult to break through a certain bottleneck. For example, although the elliptical tapered structure can effectively widen the bandwidth of the antenna, the gain improvement is small, which shows that the marginal effect of the method on the gain improvement gradually appears.

[0004] Secondly, although loading reflection cavity and dielectric lens can optimize the directivity and radiation mode of the antenna, reduce the side lobe and back lobe level, excessive dependence on these additional structures may lead to the increase of the size of the antenna, the improvement of the manufacturing complexity, and in some cases, additional loss may be introduced. The design of the reflection cavity needs to be adjusted accurately to ensure its effective influence on the radiation mode without too much reflection or power loss. In addition, the introduction of dielectric lens also increases the material cost and processing difficulty of the antenna, especially under the working of high frequency, the change of the dielectric constant of the material may affect the performance of the lens. Therefore, although the current research has solved the gain and directivity problem of TEM horn antenna to a certain extent, the design method depending on additional elements still has certain limitations, especially in the adaptability, manufacturing complexity and cost control of the antenna. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] The utility model aims at solving the shortcomings in the prior art and provides a S wave band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain.

[0006] In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] The utility model provides a kind of S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain, including coaxial balun and antenna main body, the coaxial balun includes coaxial inner conductor and coaxial outer conductor which is sleeved outside coaxial inner conductor;The antenna main body includes two radiation antennas arranged on the one end of coaxial balun, and the two radiation antennas are symmetrically arranged with the first direction of coaxial balun as the line of symmetry;The radiation antenna is composed of two end-to-end connected plane feed arms, and the connection part connected with the coaxial balun is formed at the joint between the two plane feed arms, and the one end of the plane feed arm away from the connection part is gradually expanded outward in the form of horn starting from the connection part.

[0008] Preferably: the length of the coaxial inner conductor and the coaxial outer conductor is equal, and the axis lines between the two are collinear, and one end of the coaxial inner conductor and the coaxial outer conductor is respectively connected with the output terminal and the grounding terminal of the power supply device.

[0009] Further: the other end of the coaxial inner conductor and the other end of the coaxial outer conductor are respectively connected with the conversion terminal, and the connection part between the two plane feed arms is connected with the conversion terminal, and a filler is arranged between the two conversion terminals.

[0010] Based on the foregoing scheme: the two plane feed arms on the same radiation antenna are symmetrically arranged with the second direction of coaxial balun as the line of symmetry, the angle of outward expansion between the two plane feed arms is 30-60°, and a certain angle is formed between the plane feed arm and the end plane of the coaxial balun.

[0011] In the foregoing scheme, a better scheme is: the two ends of the coaxial outer conductor are respectively provided as the initial end 4a and the terminal 4b, the initial end 4a and the terminal 4b are respectively connected with the grounding terminal and the conversion terminal, the coaxial outer conductor is in a tapered structure and gradually transitions from the tubular structure of the initial end 4a to the flat structure of the terminal 4b, and the axial cross section of the coaxial outer conductor is tapered, and one end of the coaxial inner conductor is connected to the initial end 4a of the coaxial outer conductor in a tubular structure.

[0012] As a further scheme of the utility model: the plane feed arm is in the shape of an oval with smooth edges and is flat, and the thickness of the plane feed arm is less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0013] Meanwhile, N straight-angle grooves with a certain depth are arranged at the edge position on the plane feed arm, and a spacing is left between the two adjacent straight-angle grooves, and the number of straight-angle grooves satisfies N=L / P; L is the length of the plane feed arm, and P is the number of corrugation periods.

[0014] Further, the antenna main body is made of 6061 aluminum alloy.

[0015] The coaxial inner conductor and the coaxial outer conductor are made of T2 red copper.

[0016] The filling piece is made of polyethylene.

[0017] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect that:

[0018] 1. The utility model discloses a technique improvement to the antenna main part of radiation signal can change its appearance state, under the condition of not depending on additional component, promotes the signal gain and directional radiation characteristic of antenna main part, and the design structure is simple, compared with the TEM horn antenna in prior art, the antenna main part in the utility model discloses simple design, and the material consumption is little, can effectively optimize the signal gain and directional radiation characteristic of antenna main part, is favorable to the energy concentration in the radio frequency signal of lower frequency band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is an isometric side structure schematic view of the S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain provided by the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a top view structure schematic view of the S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain provided by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a front view structure schematic view of the S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain provided by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a left view structure schematic view of the S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain provided by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a partial structure schematic view of the S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain provided by the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a coaxial balun explosion structure schematic view of the S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain provided by the utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a coaxial outer conductor structure schematic view of the S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain provided by the utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a coaxial inner conductor cross section structure schematic view of the S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain provided by the utility model;

[0027] Figure 9The utility model provides a kind of S wave band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain S wave band corrugated TEM horn antenna active standing wave ratio result chart when working.

[0028] Figure 10 The utility model provides a kind of S wave band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain S wave band corrugated TEM horn antenna maximum gain result chart under different frequency when working.

[0029] In the drawing: 1, antenna main body;2, coaxial balun;3, coaxial inner conductor;4, coaxial outer conductor;4a, initial end;4b, terminal;5, radiating antenna;50, first direction;6, planar feed arm;60, second direction;7, connecting portion;8, transformation end;9, filler;10, right-angle slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical scheme of the utility model will be further described in detail in combination with specific embodiments.

[0031] The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary, only for explaining the utility model, and cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] A kind of S wave band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain, as shown in Figures 1-10 It includes coaxial balun 2 and antenna main body 1, and the antenna main body 1 refers to corrugated TEM horn antenna, and the main function of coaxial balun 2 is to suppress common-mode current and keep signal balance, which is prior art structure and will not be described in detail, and the specific size in the application to the utility model is that the overall size (length x width x height) of antenna main body 1 is 798mm x 331mm x 475mm, and the length of coaxial balun 2 is 480mm.

[0034] Coaxial balun 2 includes coaxial inner conductor 3 and coaxial outer conductor 4 sleeved outside coaxial inner conductor 3;Antenna main body 1 includes two radiating antennas 5 arranged on one end of coaxial balun 2, and the two radiating antennas 5 are symmetrically arranged with the first direction 50 of coaxial balun 2 radially extending as the symmetry line;Radiating antenna 5 is composed of two end-to-end planar feed arms 6, the connection portion 7 connectable with coaxial balun 2 is formed at the joint between the two planar feed arms 6, and the end of planar feed arm 6 away from connecting portion 7 gradually expands outward in the form of horn with connecting portion 7 as starting point.

[0035] The coaxial inner conductor 3 and the coaxial outer conductor 4 have the same length and the axes thereof are collinear, and one end of the coaxial inner conductor 3 and one end of the coaxial outer conductor 4 are connected with the power supply device output end and the grounding end respectively;

[0036] When the antenna body 1 and the coaxial balun 2 are used together, the power supply device output end delivers electromagnetic energy to the antenna body 1 through the coaxial balun 2, and the electromagnetic energy is radiated into the free space in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna body 1, and the appearance state of the antenna body 1 can be changed by technical improvement of the antenna body 1 for radiating signals, and the signal gain and the directional radiation characteristics of the antenna body 1 are improved without relying on additional elements, and the design structure is simple, compared with the TEM horn antenna in the prior art, the antenna body 1 in the utility model has simple design and small material consumption, and the signal gain and the directional radiation characteristics of the antenna body 1 can be effectively optimized, and energy can be concentrated on the radio frequency signal of a lower frequency band;

[0037] Secondly, the TEM horn antenna in the prior art supports the transverse electromagnetic wave mode and has wideband characteristics, but the low-frequency performance is poor, and there is a problem of improper matching between the physical size and the impedance of the TEM horn antenna, although the loading of the reflection cavity and the dielectric lens can optimize the directivity and the radiation mode of the antenna, reduce the side lobe and back lobe levels, excessive dependence on these additional structures may lead to an increase in the size of the antenna and an increase in the manufacturing complexity, in addition, the introduction of the dielectric lens also increases the material cost and the processing difficulty of the antenna, especially under the working of the high frequency band, the change of the dielectric constant of the material may affect the lens effect and cause the performance to be unstable, which leads to impedance mismatching and radiation efficiency reduction, and then in the utility model, through technical improvement of the TEM horn antenna, the physical size and the characteristic shape of the TEM horn antenna body 1 are optimized, so that it can be used in a specific narrow space, and the design is simple and the material consumption is small.

[0038] Further, the other end of the coaxial inner conductor 3 and the other end of the coaxial outer conductor 4 are respectively connected with the conversion end 8, the connecting part 7 between the two planar feed arms 6 is connected on the conversion end 8, the filling piece 9 is arranged between the two conversion ends 8, and the conversion end 8 on the coaxial balun 2 and the antenna body 1 can be connected in a welding manner;

[0039] The two planar feed arms 6 on the same radiating antenna 5 are symmetrically arranged with the second direction 60 in which the coaxial balun 2 extends radially as the symmetry line, the angle between the two planar feed arms 6 outwardly expanding is 30°-60°, and a certain included angle is formed between the planar feed arm 6 and the plane where the end of the coaxial balun 2 is located, so that the antenna body 1 can more effectively direct the radiation signal.

[0040] The two ends of the coaxial outer conductor 4 are respectively set as the initial end 4a and the terminal 4b. The initial end 4a and the terminal 4b are respectively connected to the ground end and the transformation end 8. The coaxial outer conductor 4 has a tapered structure and gradually transitions from the tubular structure of the initial end 4a to the flat structure of the terminal 4b. The axial cross section of the coaxial outer conductor 4 is tapered. One end of the coaxial inner conductor 3 is connected to the initial end 4a of the coaxial outer conductor 4, which has a tubular structure.

[0041] Among them, the coaxial outer conductor 4 is cut into several pieces to facilitate processing and use, and to better realize the transition from tubular structure to flat plate structure. Specifically, the opening angle of the cut coaxial outer conductor 4 increases linearly with the length of the coaxial outer conductor 4, and the opening angle of the cut coaxial outer conductor 4 gradually increases as it extends from the initial end 4a to the terminal end 4b.

[0042] In designing the planar feed arm 6, to reduce material waste and enhance its performance, the planar feed arm 6 has a smooth-edged, flat elliptical shape, and its thickness is less than or equal to 3mm.

[0043] To optimize the performance of the planar feed arm 6, the radiation characteristics of the feed arm can be adjusted by controlling the depth and spacing of the slots, thereby improving the gain and directivity. Therefore, N right-angle slots 10 with a certain depth are opened along the edge of the planar feed arm 6. The right-angle slots 10 can usually improve the radiation mode of the antenna, suppress side lobes and focus the main beam. The slots 10 will affect the impedance characteristics and surface current distribution of the planar feed arm 6. The right-angle slots 10 can be matched with the impedance of a specific frequency band by introducing appropriate inductance or capacitance effects, thereby optimizing the standing wave ratio.

[0044] There is a gap between two adjacent right-angle slots 10. The number of right-angle slots 10 satisfies N = L / P; L is the length of the planar feed arm 6, and P is the number of corrugation cycles. By calculating the length of the planar feed arm 6 and the number of corrugation cycles, it is found that there are 14 right-angle slots 10, and the depth of the right-angle slots 10 increases linearly with the planar feed arm 6.

[0045] like Figures 8-9 As shown, Figure 9 The graph shows the maximum gain of the S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna at different frequencies during operation. Within the antenna's operating frequency range of 2GHz to 4GHz, the maximum gain reaches 7.8dBi, significantly higher than that of the uncorrugated TEM horn antenna.

[0046] Figure 8The active standing wave ratio result figure of the S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna is shown in the figure; the active standing wave ratio is less than 2 within the antenna operating frequency range of 2GHz-4GHz; compared with the TEM horn antenna without corrugation, the standing wave ratio is more excellent within 3GHz-4GHz;

[0047] The corrugated horn antenna gain is increased by 0.2dBi-7.8dBi under the S-band without increasing the geometric structure or the transmitting cavity.

[0048] The antenna main body 1 is preferably made of 6061 aluminum alloy; the antenna made of 6061 aluminum alloy has good physical and mechanical properties during use, ensuring the stability and reliability of the antenna main body 1 under various environmental conditions; in addition, the 6061 aluminum alloy has good corrosion resistance and can resist the corrosion of various chemicals, further increasing the durability of the antenna main body 1;

[0049] The coaxial inner conductor 3 and the coaxial outer conductor 4 are preferably made of T2 red copper; the coaxial inner conductor 3 and the coaxial outer conductor 4 made of T2 red copper have good high conductivity, high thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance and low impurity content during use, which can meet the strict requirements of the coaxial balun 2 in signal transmission, impedance matching and balanced-unbalanced conversion; in addition, the T2 red copper also has excellent processing performance, which is easier to shape and does not change its performance when it is processed into a conical structure;

[0050] The filling piece 9 is preferably made of polyethylene, which mainly aims to improve its performance and stability; polyethylene is a material with excellent insulation performance, which can effectively prevent signal leakage and interference; in addition, polyethylene also has good corrosion resistance and chemical stability, and can maintain stable performance under different environmental conditions.

[0051] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto; any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-gain S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna, comprising a coaxial balun (2) and an antenna body (1), characterized in that, the coaxial balun (2) comprises a coaxial inner conductor (3) and a coaxial outer conductor (4) sleeved outside the coaxial inner conductor (3); the antenna body (1) comprises two radiation antennas (5) arranged on one end of the coaxial balun (2), and the two radiation antennas (5) are symmetrically arranged with a first direction (50) in which the coaxial balun (2) extends radially as a line of symmetry; the radiation antenna (5) is composed of two planar feed arms (6) with their ends connected to each other, and the connection part (7) connected to the coaxial balun (2) is formed at the connection part between the two planar feed arms (6); and the planar feed arm (6) gradually expands outward in a horn shape from the end away from the connection part (7) with the connection part (7) as the starting point.

2. The S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain according to claim 1, characterized in that, the coaxial inner conductor (3) and the coaxial outer conductor (4) have the same length and their axes are collinear, and one end of the coaxial inner conductor (3) and one end of the coaxial outer conductor (4) are respectively connected to the power supply device output end and the ground end.

3. The S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain according to claim 1, characterized in that, the other end of the coaxial inner conductor (3) and the other end of the coaxial outer conductor (4) are respectively connected to a conversion end (8), the connection part (7) between the two planar feed arms (6) is connected to the conversion end (8), and a filler (9) is arranged between the two conversion ends (8).

4. The S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain according to claim 1, characterized in that, the two planar feed arms (6) on the same radiation antenna (5) are symmetrically arranged with a second direction (60) in which the coaxial balun (2) extends radially as a line of symmetry, the angle of outward expansion between the two planar feed arms (6) is 30°-60°, and the planar feed arm (6) forms a certain angle with the plane in which the end of the coaxial balun (2) is located.

5. The S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain according to claim 1, characterized in that, the two ends of the coaxial outer conductor (4) are respectively provided as a starting end (4a) and a terminal end (4b), the starting end (4a) and the terminal end (4b) are respectively connected to the ground end and the conversion end (8), the coaxial outer conductor (4) has a tapered structure and gradually transitions from a tubular structure of the starting end (4a) to a flat structure of the terminal end (4b), the axial cross section of the coaxial outer conductor (4) is tapered, and one end of the coaxial inner conductor (3) is connected to the starting end (4a) of the coaxial outer conductor (4) in a tubular structure.

6. The S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain according to claim 1, characterized in that, the planar feed arm (6) has an elliptical shape with smooth edges and is flat, and the thickness of the planar feed arm (6) is less than or equal to 3mm.

7. The S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain according to claim 1, characterized in that, N straight-angle grooves (10) with a certain depth are arranged at the edge position of the planar feed arm (6), there is a spacing between any two adjacent straight-angle grooves (10), the number of straight-angle grooves (10) satisfies N=L / P; L is the length of the planar feed arm (6), and P is the number of corrugation periods.

8. The S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain according to claim 1, characterized in that, the antenna body (1) is made of 6061 aluminum alloy.

9. The S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain according to claim 1, characterized in that, the coaxial inner conductor (3) and the coaxial outer conductor (4) are made of T2 red copper.

10. The S-band corrugated TEM horn antenna with high gain according to claim 3, characterized in that, the filler (9) is made of polyethylene.

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