Internet of Things wireless collector based on narrowband spread spectrum technology

Abstract

The utility model discloses an Internet of Things wireless collector based on narrowband spread spectrum technology, which comprises a shell and a rear cover plate, and is characterized in that the shell is provided with a quick connector, a standard external antenna screw and a wireless collection module; the quick connector is used for being externally connected with a power line and an RS-485 communication line. The standard external antenna screw socket is used for installing an external antenna; the wireless acquisition module is connected with an external antenna through an RS-485 communication line, is connected with a power supply through a power line, and is used for acquiring wireless signals received by the external antenna. According to the utility model, the number of collectors can be up to 254, and a one-to-many wireless gateway based on LoRa generally only supports less than 10 wireless terminals. Meanwhile, the cost of the collector is lower than that of a one-to-many wireless gateway based on LoRa by more than 50%, and the collector has high economic value.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to wireless acquisition technical field especially relates to a thing networking wireless acquisition ware based on narrow band spread spectrum technique. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the thing networking application scene, short distance wireless communication within 500 meters is very common, can effectively solve the long time of comprehensive wiring, high cost, destroy original decoration and various wired transmission problems.

[0003] However, in the prior art, wireless radio frequency, Bluetooth, LoRa, WiFi and other technologies have mature applications.

[0004] The effective communication distance of wireless radio frequency and Bluetooth technology is short, and the disadvantage is obvious.

[0005] LoRa is more common. LoRa is a low-power local area network wireless standard developed by semtech company, and its name "LoRa" is long range radio (Long Range Radio). Its biggest feature is that it can transmit farther than other wireless methods under the same power consumption, realizing the unification of low power consumption and long distance. It is 3-5 times larger than the communication distance of traditional wireless radio frequency under the same power consumption.

[0006] However, the application of LoRa in point-to-point wireless communication is more mature, and the star connection of one-to-many is less used, and the cost is also higher.

[0007] The universal coverage of WiFi also makes more and more thing networking devices realize long distance wireless communication in the park or building through WiFi. However, WiFi network is usually deployed in a relatively small range, such as part of the room or building, across the building or open area, and the WiFi signal coverage is still weak. At the same time, too many thing networking devices also occupy network resources, affecting the regular network transmission needs of other computer devices in WiFi.

[0008] Therefore, a low-cost, long-distance communication, one-to-many communication, and relatively independent network resource wireless communication device is needed to solve the above problems and provide a new solution with higher cost performance for wireless remote meter reading and wireless remote control. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a thing networking wireless acquisition ware based on narrow band spread spectrum technique to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a thing networking wireless acquisition ware based on narrow band spread spectrum technique, which comprises:

[0011] a housing and a back cover plate, the housing being provided with a quick connector, a standard external antenna screw port and a wireless acquisition module;

[0012] The quick connector is used for external power supply line and RS-485 communication line.

[0013] The standard external antenna screw port is used for installing external antenna.

[0014] The wireless acquisition module is connected with the external antenna through the RS-485 communication line and connected with the power supply through the power supply line, and is used for acquiring wireless signals received through the external antenna.

[0015] Preferably, the external antenna includes a glue stick antenna and a suction cup antenna.

[0016] Preferably, the model of the MCU is VC63227T.

[0017] Preferably, the wireless acquisition module includes an MCU, a narrowband spread spectrum wireless chip, an AC-DC power module and a filter capacitor, and the MCU, the narrowband spread spectrum wireless chip, the AC-DC power module and the filter capacitor are integrated on one circuit board; the AC-DC power module is used for converting 220V mains into 3.3V direct current power supply.

[0018] Preferably, the AC-DC power module includes:

[0019] an input end for receiving alternating current;

[0020] a pressure sensitive resistor connected between the live wire and the ground wire for overvoltage protection;

[0021] a thermistor connected in parallel with the pressure sensitive resistor for suppressing inrush current during starting;

[0022] a transformer, a primary coil of the transformer being connected between the live wire and the ground wire, and a secondary coil output being connected with a rectifier bridge for voltage conversion;

[0023] a rectifier bridge for converting alternating current into pulsating direct current;

[0024] a filter capacitor connected with the rectifier bridge for smoothing the pulsating direct current after rectification;

[0025] a voltage stabilizer connected with the filter capacitor for providing stable direct current output;

[0026] an output capacitor connected between the output of the voltage stabilizer and the ground wire for further smoothing the output of the voltage stabilizer;

[0027] a Schottky diode connected between the output and the input of the voltage stabilizer for preventing reverse current.

[0028] An output terminal is connected with the voltage stabilizer and used for providing stable voltage.

[0029] Preferably, the communication circuit connected with the RS-485 communication line comprises:

[0030] An RS-485 transceiver, which comprises a TPT485E-SO1R chip;

[0031] A power decoupling capacitor is used for power decoupling and reducing power noise;

[0032] A terminal resistor is used for providing terminal matching at both ends of the RS-485 communication line and reducing signal reflection;

[0033] A current-limiting resistor is used for limiting the current flowing through the PTC self-resetting fuse;

[0034] A PTC self-resetting fuse is used for overcurrent protection;

[0035] A TVS diode is used for removing the influence of voltage spikes on the protection circuit;

[0036] A test point is used for measurement or debugging;

[0037] An RS-485 interface is used for connecting an external RS-485 network.

[0038] Preferably, the shell is further provided with a maintenance interface for maintaining the Internet of Things wireless collector.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and technical effects as follows:

[0040] The utility model discloses a kind of Internet of Things wireless collectors based on narrowband spread spectrum technology, comprising: shell and back cover, shell is provided with quick connector, standard external antenna screw mouth and wireless collection module;Quick connector is used for external power cord and RS-485 communication line;Standard external antenna screw mouth is used for installing external antenna;Wireless collection module is connected with external antenna by RS-485 communication line, and is connected with power supply by power cord, for collecting wireless signal received by external antenna.The number of collector supported by the utility model can reach 254 at most and communication distance is long, and one-to-many wireless gateway based on LoRa generally only supports 10 or less wireless terminal.Simultaneously, the cost of the utility model collector is also more than 50% lower than one-to-many wireless gateway based on LoRa, with higher economic value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application. The embodiments of this application, and of which specific embodiments will be described and illustrated, are not intended to limit the application unless other limiting terminology is used.

[0042] Figure 1 Application diagram of wireless collector of the utility model embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2 Parts composition diagram of wireless collector of the utility model embodiment;

[0044] Figure 3 AC-DC circuit diagram of the utility model embodiment;

[0045] Figure 4 RS-485 circuit diagram of the utility model embodiment;

[0046] Figure 5 DC-DC circuit diagram of the utility model embodiment;

[0047] Figure 6 Maintenance interface circuit diagram of the utility model embodiment;

[0048] Figure 7 Wireless module circuit diagram of the utility model embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0050] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a group of computer executable instructions, and although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described herein can be executed in an order different from that shown herein.

[0051] Embodiment one

[0052] As shown in the drawings, the present embodiment provides a narrowband spread spectrum technology-based wireless collector of Internet of Things, which comprises: Figure 2

[0053] The shell is provided with a quick connector, a standard external antenna screw port and a wireless collection module;

[0054] The quick connector is used for external power supply line and RS-485 communication line;

[0055] The standard external antenna screw port is used for installing external antenna;

[0056] ​The wireless acquisition module is connected with the external antenna through an RS-485 communication line and connected with the power supply through a power line, and is used for acquiring the wireless signal received through the external antenna.

[0057] The application scenarios of the device are as shown in Figure 1 The most core functional module, i.e., the wireless acquisition module, specifically includes:

[0058] 1. The collector shell and the rear cover plate are made of PVC insulating and flame-retardant materials, are safe and light, are installed by buckles, and thus the screw fixing process is omitted. Meanwhile, the rear cover plate is designed with a guide rail installation buckle, and thus can be directly installed on a standard guide rail.

[0059] 2. The collector is configured with quick connectors, and the external power line (220V mains) and RS485 communication line are organically integrated. The extension line is also configured with quick connectors, and thus the connection and disconnection are convenient, and the trouble of repeatedly disassembling and assembling the wiring terminals of the power line and the RS485 line connected to the gateway and other acquisition devices is omitted.

[0060] 3. The collector is configured with a standard external antenna screw port, and a rubber rod antenna is provided as a standard configuration, and a suction cup antenna can also be directly replaced according to the installation environment, so as to expand the communication range and improve the communication success rate.

[0061] 4. The core component in the collector, i.e., the wireless acquisition module (hereinafter referred to as the "wireless acquisition module"), is configured with an MCU, a narrowband spread spectrum wireless chip, an AC-DC power module, a filter capacitor and the like, and realizes the functions of white list management, Mod Bus full transparent transmission, RS485 data uplink, wireless data downlink, one-to-many acquisition and the like. The AC-DC power module converts the external 220V pilot into 3.3V direct current power supply to power the module.

[0062] 5. The wireless acquisition device includes three forms of master acquisition device, slave acquisition device and wireless acquisition module, one master acquisition device can simultaneously communicate with 254 terminal wireless devices, and the terminal wireless devices include multiple slave acquisition devices and multiple devices (such as wireless air conditioner controllers and wireless temperature sensors) provided with wireless acquisition modules. Typical application scenarios include:

[0063] (1) Remote meter reading: the master acquisition device is connected with the upper acquisition device (including edge computing gateway, computer and the like) through RS485, the slave acquisition device is connected with the lower intelligent electric meter, intelligent water meter, intelligent gas meter, remote flowmeter and other devices with remote transmission function through RS485, and the master and slave acquisition devices are wirelessly transmitted.

[0064] (2) Remote centralized control: the master acquisition device collects data and issues control instructions to the air conditioner controller and temperature sensor through wireless communication, so as to realize remote collection of environmental temperature and humidity and remote intelligent remote control of split air conditioners.

[0065] Further, the AC-DC power module circuit, as shown in Figure 3 includes:

[0066] Input:

[0067] TP_N1 and TP_L2 are the input terminals of AC power, representing the neutral line (N) and live line (L) respectively.

[0068] Varistor (RV1):

[0069] RV1 is a varistor with model number MYN23-681K, used for overvoltage protection. It is connected between TP_L2 and ground.

[0070] Thermal resistor (RT1):

[0071] RT1 is a thermal resistor with model number NTC10D9S, used to suppress inrush current during startup. It is connected in parallel with RV1.

[0072] Transformer (T1):

[0073] T1 is a transformer with model number QY28-20A6, used for voltage conversion. Its primary winding is connected between TP_L2 and ground, and its secondary winding output is connected to the rectifier bridge.

[0074] Rectifier bridge (BR1):

[0075] BR1 is a rectifier bridge with model number MB10S, used to convert AC power to pulsating DC power. It is connected between the secondary output of the transformer and the filter capacitor C2.

[0076] Filter capacitor (C2):

[0077] C2 is an electrolytic capacitor with model number SMBJ24CA 35V / 1000uF, used to smooth the pulsating DC power after rectification. It is connected between the output of the rectifier bridge and the input of the voltage regulator V1.

[0078] Voltage regulator (V1):

[0079] V1 is a linear voltage regulator with model number 78L05, used to provide a stable 5V DC output. It is connected between the filter capacitor C2 and the output terminal V5P0.

[0080] Output capacitor (C3):

[0081] C3 is a ceramic capacitor with model number 4.7uF / 50V, used to further smooth the output of the voltage regulator. It is connected between the output of the voltage regulator and ground.

[0082] Schottky diode (V4):

[0083] V4 is a Schottky diode, model B5819W, used to prevent reverse current. It is connected between the output and input of the voltage regulator.

[0084] Output (TP2):

[0085] TP2 is the output terminal for DC power, providing a stable 5V voltage.

[0086] The working principle of the entire circuit is as follows: AC power passes through the voltage regulator and the thermistor, enters the transformer for voltage conversion, then passes through the rectifier bridge to convert it into pulsating DC power, which is smoothed by the filter capacitor, and then the voltage regulator provides stable DC output. Finally, the Schottky diode prevents reverse current, and the output terminal provides stable 5V DC power.

[0087] Further, the communication circuit connected by RS-485 communication line is as follows Figure 4 Including:

[0088] RS-485 transceiver:

[0089] TPT485E-SO1R chip is used, which is a low-power RS-485 transceiver packaged in SO8.

[0090] Pin 1 (D) and pin 2 (DE) are used for data transmission control, with DE pin used for enabling transmission mode.

[0091] Pin 3 (RE) is used for enabling reception mode.

[0092] Pin 4 (GND) is grounded.

[0093] Pin 5 (B) and pin 6 (A) are differential signal lines corresponding to RS-485 A and B lines respectively.

[0094] Pin 7 (R) and pin 8 (VCC) are used for receiving data and power supply respectively.

[0095] Power decoupling capacitor:

[0096] C1 is a 0.1uF / 16V capacitor used for power decoupling to reduce power noise.

[0097] Terminal resistance:

[0098] R1 and R3 are 10kΩ pull-up resistors used to provide terminal matching at both ends of the RS-485 bus to reduce signal reflection.

[0099] Current limiting resistor:

[0100] R2 is a 10Ω current limiting resistor used to limit the current flowing through the PTC self-recovery fuse.

[0101] PTC self-resetting fuse:

[0102] F1 is a PTC self-resetting fuse of MZ11-13P15RH265 model, used for overcurrent protection. When the current exceeds a certain value, the PTC will quickly increase the resistance to limit the current, thereby protecting the circuit.

[0103] TVS diode:

[0104] V3 is a TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor) diode of P0080SB model, used to protect the circuit from voltage spikes.

[0105] Test points:

[0106] TP1 and TP_II are test points for measurement or debugging.

[0107] RS-485 interface:

[0108] RS485A1 / A2 and RS485B1 / B2 are pins of the RS-485 communication interface, used to connect to the external RS-485 network.

[0109] The entire circuit design is used to implement RS-485 communication, providing necessary power decoupling, terminal matching, overcurrent protection and voltage protection to ensure the stability and reliability of communication.

[0110] Further, a maintenance interface is also provided on the shell for maintaining the Internet of Things wireless collector.

[0111] The maintenance interface circuit is as shown in Figure 6 , which includes:

[0112] Connector J1:

[0113] J1 is a 5-pin HDR1x5 connector, used to connect external devices or programmers.

[0114] Pin 1 is connected to the 3.3V power supply.

[0115] Pin 2 is connected to the ground (GND).

[0116] Pin 3 and pin 4 are connected to 3.3V through resistors R31 and R32 respectively, which may be used for pull-up or current limiting.

[0117] Pin 5 is connected to the reset signal (RST).

[0118] Decoupling capacitor:

[0119] C21 and C24 are 0.1uF / 50V decoupling capacitors, used to stabilize the 3.3V power supply and reduce power supply noise.

[0120] Pull-up resistors:

[0121] R31, R32, and R33 are 10kΩ pull-up resistors to ensure the pin stays at high level without external signals.

[0122] Pull-down resistors:

[0123] R34, R35, and R36 are 22Ω pull-down resistors to ensure the pin stays at low level without external signals.

[0124] SWD interface:

[0125] XS1 is a 5-pin SWD (Serial Wire Debug) interface for programming and debugging the MCU.

[0126] Pin 1 is connected to ground (GND).

[0127] Pin 2 is connected to UART2_TX for sending debug data.

[0128] Pin 3 is connected to UART2_RX for receiving debug data.

[0129] Pin 4 is connected to MCU_MD, which may be used for mode selection or control signals.

[0130] Pin 5 is connected to the 3.3V power supply.

[0131] UART interface:

[0132] UART2_TX and UART2_RX are used for sending and receiving serial communication respectively.

[0133] Reset circuit:

[0134] The RST pin is connected to 3.3V through a resistor to reset the MCU.

[0135] Decoupling capacitor C23:

[0136] C23 is a 0.1uF / 50V decoupling capacitor for power stabilization of the SWD interface.

[0137] The entire circuit design is used to provide programming and debugging interfaces for the MCU, including power decoupling, signal pull-up / pull-down, and SWD communication interface. Such design can ensure the stability and reliability of the MCU during development and maintenance.

[0138] The MCU is provided with a DC-DC step-down converter circuit, such as Figure 5The circuit shown is used to convert a higher input voltage (V15P0) to a stable 3.3V output. Here is an analysis of each part of the circuit:

[0139] Input capacitors (C5 and C6):

[0140] C5 is a 0.1uF / 50V capacitor used for input voltage decoupling, reducing power supply noise.

[0141] C6 is a 10uF / 25V capacitor used to smooth the input voltage, providing a stable power supply.

[0142] Resistor divider (R8 and R10):

[0143] R8 is a 100kΩ resistor and R10 is a 47kΩ resistor, which form a voltage divider to set the output voltage of the DC-DC converter.

[0144] DC-DC converter (U1):

[0145] U1 is a DC-DC converter of RY2400 model, packaged as SO123-6.

[0146] The EN pin (pin 4) is used to enable the converter, connected to the input voltage through R8 and grounded through R10, forming a voltage divider circuit to control the output voltage.

[0147] The IN pin (pin 5) is the input voltage terminal.

[0148] The FB pin (pin 3) is the feedback pin used to regulate the output voltage.

[0149] The LX pin (pin 6) is the switching node used to connect the inductor.

[0150] The GND pin (pin 2) is grounded.

[0151] Inductor (L3):

[0152] L3 is a 6.8uH inductor used for energy storage and filtering, smoothing the output current.

[0153] Output capacitors (C7, C8 and C9):

[0154] C7 is a 47pF / 50V capacitor used for high-frequency decoupling.

[0155] C8 is a 22uF / 6.3V capacitor used to smooth the output voltage.

[0156] C9 is a 10uF / 6.3V capacitor used to further smooth the output voltage.

[0157] Compensation network (R1, R9 and C7):

[0158] R1 is a 100 kΩ resistor, R9 is a 100 Ω resistor, and together with C7 form a compensation network to stabilize the control loop of the converter.

[0159] Feedback resistor (R2):

[0160] R2 is a 31.6 kΩ resistor used to set the output voltage of the converter. According to the formula in the picture, the output voltage Vout can be set by adjusting the value of R2.

[0161] Output voltage:

[0162] According to the formula in the picture, the output voltage Vout can be set by adjusting the value of R2. With the current settings, the output voltage is approximately 3.332 V.

[0163] The entire circuit design is used to convert the input voltage to a stable 3.3 V output, suitable for electronic devices that require precise voltage power supply. The various components in the circuit work together to ensure the stability and conversion efficiency of the output voltage.

[0164] As Figure 7 shown, the utility model also proposes wireless module circuit, including:

[0165] Power supply part:

[0166] 3.3 V power supply (marked as 3V3D) provides working voltage for the wireless module.

[0167] Current limiting resistor (B2):

[0168] B2 is a 120 Ω current limiting resistor used to limit the current flowing through capacitor C22 to protect the circuit.

[0169] Decoupling capacitor (C22):

[0170] C22 is a 0.1 uF / 50 V capacitor used for power decoupling to reduce power supply noise.

[0171] Wireless module (J2):

[0172] J2 is the connector of the wireless module, model DTM-CC001D, KM-1110.

[0173] Pin 1 and pin 13 are connected to ground (GND).

[0174] Pin 5 provides VCC voltage.

[0175] Pins 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 are used for SPI communication, including SPI1_SCK (clock), SPI1_CSN (chip select), SPI1_MISO (master input slave output), SPI1_MOSI (master output slave input).

[0176] Pin 12 is an IRQ (interrupt request) pin.

[0177] Pin 14 is an ANT (antenna) pin, used for transmission and reception of wireless signals.

[0178] Antenna interface (D3):

[0179] D3 is an antenna interface of WPE5V0D3ULA model, used for connecting external antenna.

[0180] Connector J3:

[0181] J3 is a 2-pin connector, used for input of analog signal (ANA).

[0182] The entire circuit design is used to realize wireless communication function, providing necessary power decoupling, SPI communication interface and antenna connection. Such design can be used in various embedded systems requiring wireless communication, such as smart home devices, wireless sensor networks, etc.

[0183] The above, only for the preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to this, any skilled in the art of the technical personnel in the technical range of the present application, can easily think of the changes or replacement, should be covered in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An Internet of Things wireless collector based on narrowband spread spectrum technology, characterized in that, The shell is provided with a quick connector, a standard external antenna screw port and a wireless acquisition module. The quick connector is used for external power supply line and RS-485 communication line. The standard external antenna screw port is used for installing external antenna. The wireless acquisition module is connected with the external antenna through the RS-485 communication line and is connected with the power supply through the power supply line, and is used for acquiring wireless signals received through the external antenna.

2. The Internet of Things wireless acquisition device based on narrowband spread spectrum technology according to claim 1, wherein the external antenna comprises a glue stick antenna and a suction cup antenna.

3. The Internet of Things wireless acquisition device based on narrowband spread spectrum technology according to claim 1, wherein the wireless acquisition module comprises an MCU, a narrowband spread spectrum wireless chip, an AC-DC power supply module and a filter capacitor, and the MCU, the narrowband spread spectrum wireless chip, the AC-DC power supply module and the filter capacitor are integrated on one circuit board; the AC-DC power supply module is used for converting 220V mains into 3.3V direct current power supply.

4. The Internet of Things wireless acquisition device based on narrowband spread spectrum technology according to claim 3, wherein the model of the MCU is VC63227T. The AC-DC power supply module comprises: an input end for receiving alternating current; a pressure sensitive resistor connected between the live wire and the ground wire for overvoltage protection; a thermistor connected in parallel with the pressure sensitive resistor for suppressing inrush current during starting; 5. The narrowband spread spectrum technology based wireless collector for Internet of Things according to claim 3, wherein, a transformer, a primary coil of the transformer is connected between the live wire and the ground wire, and a secondary coil output is connected with a rectifier bridge for voltage conversion; a rectifier bridge for converting alternating current into pulsating direct current; a filter capacitor connected with the rectifier bridge for smoothing the pulsating direct current after rectification; a voltage stabilizer connected with the filter capacitor for providing stable direct current output; an output capacitor connected between the output of the voltage stabilizer and the ground wire for further smoothing the output of the voltage stabilizer; a Schottky diode connected between the output and the input of the voltage stabilizer for preventing reverse current; an output end connected with the voltage stabilizer for providing stable voltage. The communication circuit connected with the RS-485 communication line comprises: an RS-485 transceiver, the RS-485 transceiver comprises a TPT485E-SO1R chip; a power decoupling capacitor for power decoupling to reduce power noise; a terminal resistor for providing terminal matching at both ends of the RS-485 communication line to reduce signal reflection; 6. The narrowband spread spectrum technology based wireless collector for Internet of Things of claim 1, wherein, a current limiting resistor for limiting the current flowing through the PTC self-restoring fuse; a PTC self-restoring fuse for overcurrent protection; a TVS diode for removing the influence of voltage spikes on the protection circuit; a test point for measurement or debugging; an RS-485 interface for connecting external RS-485 network. The shell is further provided with a maintenance interface for maintaining the Internet of Things wireless acquisition device. ​ ​ ​ 7. The narrowband spread spectrum technology based wireless collector for Internet of Things of claim 1, wherein, ​

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