Adjustable shock insulation rubber support

Abstract

In order to solve the problem of insufficient heat transfer efficiency of a large shock insulation rubber support in the prior art, the utility model provides an adjustable shock insulation rubber support which comprises a support body formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of steel plates and a plurality of layers of rubber sheets, a through hole is formed in the center of the support body, and a plurality of heat conduction holes are formed in the support body. Square rigid sealing covers are arranged at the two ends of the heat conduction hole and fixed to the support body, and a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the four corners of each rigid sealing cover. The shock insulation rubber support vulcanization device has the functions of improving the vulcanization production efficiency of the shock insulation rubber support and adjusting the mechanical property of the vulcanized shock insulation rubber support on the whole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building seismic isolation bearing technology, and in particular to an adjustable seismic isolation rubber bearing. Background Technology

[0002] Earthquakes are a common natural disaster, and high-intensity earthquakes typically cause enormous damage to society and the economy. Current science and technology cannot effectively predict earthquakes. Seismic isolation technology has been proven effective in earthquake testing. With social development and urbanization, the application and quantity of seismic isolation rubber bearings are gradually increasing.

[0003] Seismic isolation rubber bearings are support devices installed on structures to achieve seismic isolation requirements, adding a seismic isolation layer between the superstructure and the foundation. Installing seismic isolation rubber bearings provides a flexible connection to the ground, and this technology can offset approximately 80% of the energy from an earthquake. However, large seismic isolation rubber bearings with an effective diameter greater than 1000mm have significantly limited production efficiency and yield due to their longer production time, more complex manufacturing process compared to smaller bearings, lower heat transfer efficiency of rubber (compared to steel), longer vulcanization time, uneven internal and external vulcanization, and non-adjustable mechanical properties after vulcanization.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN114837318A discloses a friction-damping seismic isolation rubber bearing and an integrated vulcanization production method. The bearing comprises a seismic isolation unit formed by stacking multiple layers of steel plates and multiple layers of rubber sheets. Through holes are formed on both the steel plates and rubber sheets, and friction-damping composite components are placed within these holes. Limiting sections are provided at the upper and lower ends of the seismic isolation bearing. The bearing is covered with an external protective rubber layer, and a core column protective sleeve is provided around the friction-damping composite components. However, when the effective diameter of the bearing is large, opening only one through hole will result in low heat transfer, while opening a larger through hole will lead to insufficient stiffness. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention primarily addresses the problem of insufficient heat transfer efficiency in existing large-scale seismic isolation rubber bearings by providing an adjustable seismic isolation rubber bearing with fast vulcanization speed and adjustable performance to solve the aforementioned problem.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical problems of this utility model are mainly solved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] An adjustable seismic isolation rubber bearing is characterized by comprising a bearing body formed by stacking several layers of steel plates and several layers of rubber sheets. A through hole is provided at the center of the bearing body, and several heat-conducting holes are provided on the bearing body. Square rigid caps are fixed to the bearing body at both ends of the heat-conducting holes, and several positioning holes are provided at the four corners of the rigid caps. This design improves the vulcanization production efficiency of the seismic isolation rubber bearing and adjusts the mechanical properties of the seismic isolation rubber bearing after vulcanization.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the heat-conducting hole is a through hole running vertically through the support body, used for heat transfer during the rubber vulcanization process and for adjusting the mechanical properties of the finished product.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the number of heat-conducting holes is 4-10, and the heat-conducting holes are evenly distributed on a concentric circle with an effective diameter of 30%-70% of the support body.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the heat-conducting holes are provided with elastic material. By changing the diameter of the heat-conducting holes, the type of elastic material, and the filling ratio, the vertical stiffness, horizontal shear stiffness, yield force, and post-yield stiffness of the vibration isolation rubber bearing can be adjusted.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the filling ratio of the elastic material is 66%-99% of the volume of the heat-conducting holes, which is the optimal ratio.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the elastic material includes vulcanized rubber, compounded rubber, and metal materials.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the elastic material is shaped like a cylinder with flat ends, which can fit a rigid cap.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the rigid cover is flush with the surface of the support body, and the rigid cover is connected to the support body by welding or bonding. Sufficient contact at the connection point can improve stability.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, a lead core is provided in the through hole to improve lateral stiffness.

[0016] Therefore, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0017] Several heat-conducting holes are added to the traditional rubber bearing. During the vulcanization process, heat-conducting rods can be inserted to transfer heat and accelerate the vulcanization speed. Moreover, elastic material is placed in the heat-conducting holes. By changing the diameter of the heat-conducting holes, the type of elastic material, and the filling ratio, the vertical stiffness, horizontal shear stiffness, yield force, and post-yield stiffness of the seismic isolation rubber bearing can be adjusted. At the same time, lead cores are placed in the through holes, which can also improve the lateral stiffness. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Support body; 2. Rigid cover; 11. Heat conduction hole; 12. Through hole; 21. Positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1:

[0022] Earthquakes are a common natural disaster, and high-intensity earthquakes typically cause enormous damage to society and the economy. Current science and technology cannot effectively predict earthquakes. Seismic isolation technology has been proven effective in earthquake testing. With social development and urbanization, the application and quantity of seismic isolation rubber bearings are gradually increasing.

[0023] Seismic isolation rubber bearings are support devices installed on structures to achieve seismic isolation requirements, adding a seismic isolation layer between the superstructure and the foundation. Installing seismic isolation rubber bearings provides a flexible connection to the ground, and this technology can offset approximately 80% of the energy from an earthquake. However, large seismic isolation rubber bearings with an effective diameter greater than 1000mm have significantly limited production efficiency and yield due to their longer production time, more complex manufacturing process compared to smaller bearings, lower heat transfer efficiency of rubber (compared to steel), longer vulcanization time, uneven internal and external vulcanization, and non-adjustable mechanical properties after vulcanization.

[0024] In view of the above situation, the inventors of this invention, through multiple experiments and designs, and by integrating existing materials, have developed a seismic isolation rubber bearing with fast vulcanization speed and adjustable performance to solve the above problems.

[0025] The purpose of this application is to design a seismic isolation rubber bearing with fast vulcanization speed and adjustable finished product performance to meet the needs of the urban seismic isolation bearing market, improve production efficiency, and adjust the mechanical properties of the bearing. The seismic isolation bearing not only needs to have rapid vulcanization characteristics, but also needs to be able to flexibly adjust its mechanical properties to adapt to the needs of different buildings and environmental conditions.

[0026] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides an adjustable seismic isolation rubber bearing, comprising a bearing body 1 formed by stacking several layers of steel plates and several layers of rubber sheets. A through hole 12 is provided at the center of the bearing body 1. This design not only helps to enhance the structural stability of the bearing but also effectively disperses and absorbs the impact forces brought about by earthquakes or other external vibrations. A lead core is provided in the through hole 12, primarily to increase the lateral stiffness of the structure. The high density and good mechanical properties of the lead core enable it to effectively resist lateral displacement, thereby improving the stability and safety of the overall structure when facing lateral forces. This design is not limited to increasing lateral stiffness but also provides necessary support and elasticity while maintaining a lightweight structure. Several heat-conducting holes 11 are provided on the bearing body 1. The presence of these heat-conducting holes 11 promotes uniform heat transfer during vulcanization, thereby improving vulcanization efficiency and ensuring the uniformity and consistency of the rubber material inside the bearing. To further optimize the performance of the seismic isolation rubber bearing, square rigid caps 2 are provided at both ends of the heat conduction holes 11 and fixed to the bearing body 1. These square rigid caps 2 not only effectively prevent external impurities from entering the bearing interior, but also stabilize the structure of the heat conduction holes 11, ensuring their functional integrity throughout the vulcanization process. Several positioning holes 21 are provided at the four corners of the rigid caps 2. These positioning holes 21 ensure accurate positioning and fixation of the rigid caps 2 during bearing production, thereby further improving production efficiency and product quality stability. Overall, the design of this application not only focuses on improving the vulcanization speed and finished product quality of the seismic isolation rubber bearing, but also emphasizes adjusting the mechanical properties of the bearing to flexibly meet the needs of different buildings and environmental conditions. This innovative design concept will bring new development opportunities to the urban seismic isolation bearing market and provide reliable guarantees for the safety and stability of building structures.

[0027] The heat-conducting holes 11 are through holes 12 running vertically through the support body 1. They not only transfer heat through these through holes 12, but also adjust the mechanical properties of the finished product, thereby optimizing the support's function and adaptability. The number of heat-conducting holes 11 can be determined according to the specific design requirements of the support, generally ranging from 4 to 10, to ensure effective heat transfer and the stability of the support's internal structure. The design of the heat-conducting holes 11 is to achieve uniform heat transfer during the vulcanization process, thereby accelerating the vulcanization time and ensuring the uniformity of the rubber material. These heat-conducting holes 11 are typically arranged along the central axis of the support, evenly distributed on concentric circles of 30%-70% of the effective diameter of the support body 1, using a circumferential distribution.

[0028] The heat-conducting holes 11 contain elastic material, which helps to better control the heat transfer rate during vulcanization. By adjusting the diameter of the heat-conducting holes 11, the type of elastic material, and the filling ratio, the vertical stiffness, horizontal shear stiffness, yield force, and post-yield stiffness of the support can be effectively adjusted. The preferred diameter of the heat-conducting holes 11 is 40mm-100mm. This diameter range ensures sufficient heat transfer without negatively impacting the structural stability of the support. For the material selection of the heat-conducting holes 11, high-strength and wear-resistant metal materials are typically used, such as Q355, 45#, and 3Cr2Mo. These materials not only effectively conduct heat but also withstand the high temperatures and pressures during vulcanization, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the heat-conducting holes 11. Furthermore, some heat-conducting holes 11 may also use cylindrical solid metal rods or rods with built-in electric heating tubes. These designs further optimize heat transfer efficiency, thereby shortening the vulcanization time by 20% to 30%, improving production efficiency, and enhancing the quality of the finished support.

[0029] In summary, the heat-conducting hole 11, as an innovative element in the design of seismic isolation rubber bearings, provides crucial technical support for performance optimization and adaptation to diverse engineering needs through its unique structural design and material selection. In the future, with further technological advancements and increasing market demand, the application of the heat-conducting hole 11 in seismic isolation bearing design will continue to play a vital role, providing reliable assurance for the safety and stability of building structures.

[0030] In the design of seismic isolation rubber bearings, the filling ratio of the elastic material has a profound impact on the performance of the heat conduction hole 11. The ideal filling ratio is generally between 66% and 99% of the volume of the heat conduction hole 11, and this range is considered to achieve the best effect. The choice of elastic material includes vulcanized rubber, compounded rubber, and metal materials, and their respective characteristics and applications have an important influence on the function of the seismic isolation bearing. The elastic material is a cylinder with flat ends, which can fit the rigid cap 2. Compounded rubber refers to rubber before vulcanization, and the preferred materials are compounded rubbers of NR, SBR, EPDM, and BR. Compounded rubber has plasticity, which makes it easy to adjust the filling weight and adjust the mechanical properties of the finished product in a gradient, but its adjustment effect on mechanical properties is relatively small. Vulcanized rubber refers to the vulcanized rubber rod, and the preferred materials are vulcanized rubbers of NR, SBR, EPDM, and BR. Vulcanized rubber can significantly improve the vertical and shear performance of the seismic isolation rubber bearing, but it does not have plasticity and is not easy to adjust the mechanical properties in a gradient. Among them, metallic materials refer to metal rods, with Pb and Sn being preferred materials. Metallic materials significantly improve the vertical stiffness and yield strength of seismic isolation rubber bearings, but have no effect on improving the stiffness after yielding.

[0031] First, vulcanized rubber refers to rubber materials that have undergone vulcanization treatment. Common materials include NR (natural rubber), SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber), EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber), and BR (styrene-butadiene rubber). Due to its stable properties and high mechanical strength after curing, vulcanized rubber is often used to improve the vertical and shear performance of seismic isolation bearings. Its main advantage is that it can significantly enhance the load-bearing capacity and durability of the bearings, but its disadvantage is its high hardness, making it difficult to adjust the filler ratio to precisely control the mechanical properties of the finished product.

[0032] Secondly, compounded rubber refers to uncured rubber raw materials, commonly including NR, SBR, EPDM, and BR. Compounded rubber possesses strong plasticity and adjustability, allowing for gradient adjustments to the mechanical properties of the finished product by varying the filler weight. This is particularly important when precise control of the bearing's flexibility and extrusion deformation performance is required. However, compared to vulcanized rubber, compounded rubber is less effective in improving the mechanical properties of the bearing because it is not cured.

[0033] Finally, metallic materials are typically present in the form of metal rods, with common preferred materials including lead (Pb) and tin (Sn). Metallic materials in seismic isolation bearings are primarily used to enhance vertical stiffness and yield strength, which is particularly important for applications requiring the bearings to maintain stable performance under heavy loads or extreme environmental conditions. However, metallic materials lack plasticity, limiting the ability to adjust the mechanical properties of the filled bearings, and their effect on improving post-yield stiffness is relatively small.

[0034] In summary, the selection of the elastic material and the optimization of the filling ratio within the heat-conducting hole 11 directly affect the final mechanical performance and applicability of the seismic isolation rubber bearing. Different types of elastic materials each have their unique advantages and applicable scenarios. Design engineers need to select appropriate material combinations based on specific engineering requirements and usage environments to achieve the best performance of the bearing design.

[0035] The design and material selection of seismic isolation bearings are crucial, directly affecting the stability and safety of buildings. The rigid cap 2 is flush with the surface of the bearing body 1 and is connected to the bearing body 1 by welding or bonding to ensure the stability and reliability of the bearing during use. The design of the bearing body 1 considers several key factors, including the elastic material used and the structural configuration. The material selection of the rigid cap 2 is critical; common preferred materials include Q235, Q355, and 45# steel, which are widely used in engineering structures due to their excellent mechanical properties and durability. The main function of the rigid cap 2 is to seal the elastic material inside the bearing and to firmly connect it to the bearing body 1 by welding or bonding. Ensuring sufficient contact at the connection point is critical, effectively improving the overall structural stability and durability. Especially under major earthquakes or other external impacts, the bearing can effectively absorb and disperse energy, protecting the building structure from damage.

[0036] During the commissioning phase of the support, the welding process is particularly important. Strict welding requirements must be met to ensure that the welding quality meets engineering standards. The weld joints should be flat, firm, and flush with the surface of the connecting plate to avoid the risk of structural failure due to poor welding quality. Through precise welding techniques, the connection between the support and the rigid cover 2 can be optimized, ensuring stable operation of the support under various working conditions.

[0037] In conclusion, the design and material selection of seismic isolation bearings are crucial aspects of structural engineering. Through rational structural design and high-quality material selection, bearings can effectively enhance the safety and seismic performance of buildings, safeguarding people's lives and property. With technological advancements and the accumulation of engineering experience, research and application of seismic isolation bearing design will continue to deepen, contributing to the sustainable development of building engineering.

[0038] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An adjustable seismic isolation rubber bearing, characterized by, The support body is formed by superimposing several layers of steel plates and several layers of rubber sheets, a through hole is arranged at the center of the support body, several heat-conducting holes are arranged on the support body, square rigid covers are arranged at the two ends of the heat-conducting holes and fixed on the support body, and several positioning holes are arranged at the four corners of the rigid covers. The diameter of the heat-conducting hole is 40-100 mm. The number of the heat-conducting holes is 4-10, and the heat-conducting holes are uniformly arranged on a concentric circle with an effective diameter of 30-70% of the support body. The filling ratio of the elastic material in the heat-conducting hole is 66-99% of the volume of the heat-conducting hole.

2. The adjustable seismic isolation rubber bearing according to claim 1, wherein, The heat-conducting hole penetrates the through hole of the support body.

3. The adjustable seismic isolation rubber bearing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The elastic material is arranged in the heat-conducting hole.

4. The adjustable seismic isolation rubber bearing of claim 1, wherein, The elastic material comprises vulcanized rubber, mixed rubber and metal material.

5. The adjustable seismic isolation rubber bearing of claim 1, wherein, The shape of the elastic material is a cylinder with flat ends.

6. The adjustable seismic isolation rubber bearing of claim 1, wherein, The rigid cover is flush with the surface of the support body, and the rigid cover is connected with the support body by welding or bonding.

7. The adjustable seismic isolation rubber bearing of claim 1, wherein A lead core is arranged in the through hole.

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