Metal hydrogen storage bottle opening valve

Abstract

The utility model provides a metal hydrogen storage bottle opening valve which comprises a filter, a first-stage pressure reducing valve, a second-stage pressure reducing valve and an outlet assembly which are sequentially connected, an outlet of the first-stage pressure reducing valve is further connected with an inlet of a first overpressure release valve, and an outlet of the second-stage pressure reducing valve is further connected with an inlet of a second overpressure release valve. Outlets of the first overpressure release valve and the second overpressure release valve are communicated with the outside, and the filter is further connected with an air inlet assembly. The pressure reducing valve is matched with the overpressure release valve, stable pressure and flow are provided, overpressure release protection is achieved, and the overall safety of the valve is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen storage bottle neck valve technology, and in particular to a metal hydrogen storage bottle neck valve. Background Technology

[0002] Most metal hydrogen storage cylinders are made of spun aluminum alloy. The cylinder valve is installed at the cylinder mouth, and the inside of the cylinder is filled with metal powder for hydrogen storage. The remaining gas phase space is limited. When the ambient temperature is too high, but has not reached the driving temperature of the temperature-pressure relief device (TPRD), the pressure in the gas phase space will increase exponentially as hydrogen is continuously released, which may cause the aluminum alloy cylinder to deform and rupture. Therefore, the valve of the metal hydrogen storage cylinder should have the function of overpressure relief to protect the cylinder and personal safety.

[0003] The hydrogen inlet pressure of small-power fuel cell stacks is 40-60 kPa, and the pressure of metal hydrogen storage cylinders is 0.2-5 MPa, which may reach 8 MPa under extreme conditions. A single-stage pressure reducing valve may face a pressure reduction ratio of nearly 200 times, which places extremely stringent requirements on the performance of the pressure reducing valve. Existing patent documents such as CN116066731A and CN220249664U show that single-stage pressure reducing valves cannot guarantee the stability of the outlet pressure, causing irreversible damage to the fuel cell stack.

[0004] Furthermore, existing valves on the market are limited by technological capabilities and lack heating functions. Since hydrogen absorption in solid metal hydrogen storage is an exothermic reaction and hydrogen release is an endothermic reaction, hydrogen release requires continuous absorption of external heat. When the ambient temperature is close to zero or lower, hydrogen atoms in the hydrogen storage metal powder cannot move to the alloy surface and combine with other hydrogen atoms to form hydrogen gas. Without heating functions, the problem of hydrogen release under low-temperature conditions cannot be solved. The application scenarios cannot cover seasonal temperature changes, and there is no temperature testing function, so the temperature of the alloy powder inside the gas cylinder cannot be detected during hydrogen filling and releasing. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention proposes a metal hydrogen storage bottle valve that, through the cooperation of a pressure reducing valve and an overpressure relief valve, provides stable pressure and flow while simultaneously achieving overpressure relief protection, thereby improving the overall safety of the valve.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: a metal hydrogen storage bottle valve includes a filter, a primary pressure reducing valve, a secondary pressure reducing valve, and an outlet assembly connected in sequence. The outlet of the primary pressure reducing valve is also connected to the inlet of a first overpressure relief valve, and the outlet of the secondary pressure reducing valve is also connected to the inlet of a second overpressure relief valve. The outlets of both the first and second overpressure relief valves are open to the outside. The filter is also connected to an air inlet assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the filter is also connected to the TPRD.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a heating thermometer for real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the hydrogen storage cylinder and for heating the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the outlet assembly includes two air outlets, each of which is connected to the outlet of the secondary pressure reducing valve via an outlet check valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the air intake assembly includes an air intake port, which is connected to the filter via an air intake check valve.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] This invention adopts a two-stage pressure reduction design, which significantly improves the adaptability of the valve to the internal pressure of the metal cylinder. Within the pressure range of 0.2MPa-8MPa, the valve can provide stable pressure and flow to the fuel cell stack, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the fuel cell stack. At the same time, it effectively controls the static lock-up pressure of the fuel cell stack in the zero-power state, thereby greatly improving the service life of the fuel cell stack.

[0013] This invention achieves overpressure relief protection through the cooperation of a pressure reducing valve and an overpressure relief valve. The overpressure protection function is integrated at the primary pressure reducing valve, ensuring the safe use of the gas cylinder throughout the entire operation and maintenance process and extending its service life. At the secondary pressure reducing valve, the overpressure protection function at the low-pressure outlet is integrated. When the low-pressure outlet pressure exceeds the safe operating range of the fuel cell stack, it automatically releases pressure, protecting the stack from damage caused by excessive pressure. Simultaneously, the overpressure relief valve also opens in case the pressure reducing valve fails, improving the overall safety of the valve system.

[0014] This invention adds a heating thermometer, which provides a favorable guarantee for the stable operation of hydrogen storage cylinders under low ambient temperatures; it also adds a TPRD, which can automatically discharge gas inside the cylinder under extreme conditions, ensuring safety during use. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0017] Filter 1, primary pressure reducing valve 2, secondary pressure reducing valve 3, air outlet 4, air outlet check valve 5, first overpressure relief valve 6, second overpressure relief valve 7, air inlet 8, air inlet check valve 9, TPRD 10, heating thermometer 11. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, a metal hydrogen storage bottle valve includes a filter 1, which is connected to the inlet of a primary pressure reducing valve 2 and the outlet of the primary pressure reducing valve 2 is connected to the inlet of a secondary pressure reducing valve 3. The outlet of the secondary pressure reducing valve 3 is connected to an outlet assembly, which includes two gas outlets 4. Each gas outlet 4 is connected to the outlet of the secondary pressure reducing valve 3 through a gas outlet check valve 5.

[0020] The outlet of the primary pressure reducing valve 2 is also connected to the inlet of the first overpressure relief valve 6, and the outlet of the secondary pressure reducing valve 3 is also connected to the inlet of the second overpressure relief valve 7. The outlets of both the first and second overpressure relief valves are open to the outside. When the pressure exceeds a set value, the overpressure relief valves open to release pressure. The filter 1 is also connected to an air intake assembly, which includes an air inlet 8. The air inlet 8 is connected to the filter 1 via an air intake check valve 9.

[0021] The filter 1 is also connected to the TPRD 10 (temperature and pressure relief device), a metal hydrogen storage bottle valve, and also includes a heating thermometer 11 for real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the hydrogen storage bottle and for heating the hydrogen storage bottle.

[0022] The bottle neck valve is installed at the bottle neck of the metal hydrogen storage cylinder. Filter 1 and heating thermometer 11 are both placed inside the metal storage cylinder. During filling, the filling equipment is connected to the air intake assembly. High-pressure gas enters the metal hydrogen storage cylinder through the air intake check valve 9 and filter 3. The hydrogen gas dissociates into two hydrogen atoms on the surface of the alloy powder. The dissociated hydrogen atoms are fixed as a solid phase in the hydrogen storage alloy powder. This process is exothermic. The thermometer in heating thermometer 11 can monitor the temperature of the alloy powder inside the cylinder in real time. This can control the filling speed and the cylinder temperature, preventing the cylinder temperature from being too high and triggering TPRD 10.

[0023] Hydrogen release process (hydrogen usage process):

[0024] Hydrogen atoms fixed in the hydrogen storage alloy powder move to the alloy surface and combine with other hydrogen atoms to form hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas accumulates in the gas phase space inside the metal hydrogen storage cylinder, passes through filter 1, and enters the inlet of the primary pressure reducing valve 2. After primary pressure reduction, it enters the inlet of the secondary pressure reducing valve 3. The intermediate branch between the outlet of the primary pressure reducing valve 2 and the inlet of the secondary pressure reducing valve 3 connects to the first overpressure relief valve 6. When the gas pressure exceeds the set pressure of the first overpressure relief valve 6, the first overpressure relief valve 6 opens to release the pressure (the first overpressure relief valve 6 has two triggering mechanisms). Method 1: First, when the primary pressure reducing valve 2 malfunctions and cannot reduce pressure; second, when the gas cylinder pressure exceeds 15MPa), after secondary pressure reduction, the gas enters the upstream of the outlet check valve 5. The outlet branch of the secondary pressure reducing valve 3 is connected to the second overpressure relief valve 7. When the gas pressure exceeds the set pressure of the second overpressure relief valve 7, the second overpressure relief valve 7 opens to release the pressure (triggering method of the second overpressure relief valve 7: when the secondary pressure reducing valve 3 malfunctions and cannot reduce pressure). One outlet 4 or two outlets 4 are connected simultaneously using a hydrogen equipment. This process is an endothermic process. The thermometer in the heating thermometer 11 can monitor the temperature of the alloy powder inside the gas cylinder in real time. When the temperature is detected to be too low and affecting hydrogen release, the heater in the heater thermometer starts to heat the alloy powder. When the temperature is detected to be too high, the heater stops heating.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A metal hydrogen storage cylinder valve characterized by: The filter, the first pressure reducing valve, the second pressure reducing valve and the outlet assembly are connected in sequence, the outlet of the first pressure reducing valve is further connected with the inlet of the first overpressure relief valve, the outlet of the second pressure reducing valve is further connected with the inlet of the second overpressure relief valve, the outlets of the first overpressure relief valve and the second overpressure relief valve are both communicated with the outside, and the filter is further connected with the air inlet assembly.

2. A metal hydride cylinder valve according to claim 1, wherein: The heating temperature detector is further arranged for monitoring the temperature in the hydrogen storage bottle in real time and heating the hydrogen storage bottle.

3. A metal hydride cylinder valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: The filter is further connected with the TPRD.

4. A metal hydride cylinder valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: The outlet assembly comprises two air outlets, and each air outlet is connected with the outlet of the second pressure reducing valve through an air outlet check valve.

5. A metal hydride cylinder valve according to claim 1, wherein: The air inlet assembly comprises an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected with the filter through an air inlet check valve.

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